Causes and Effects of the Pearl Harbor Attack
Ch.10 Sec.3
The Attack on Pearl Harbor
Causes Effects
Japan resents threats to its authority
Japan depends on trade with the United States for natural resources
United States stops trade of military supplies
Japan continues to expand
Negotiations fail
U.S. fleet not operational for six months
Americans committed to fight
United States declares war on Japan
Germany and Italy declare war on the United States
Attack on Pearl Harbor•Surprise attack by 360 Japanese planes•Nearly 2,500 Americans were killed•U.S. fleet damaged but not destroyed•USS Arizona, USS Oklahoma, and USS Utah suffer irreparable damage
Mobilizing for War 1941-1942 military grew from 1.4 to 3 million 350,000 women join Women’s Army Corp (WAC) War Production Board (WPB) oversee industry Massive defense spending ends the DepressionFighting in the Pacific Japanese take Guam, Wake Island, Hong Kong U.S. forces trapped at Corregidor 75,000 Allied soldiers surrender to Japanese Bataan Death March-forced to march 55mi to railway then
marched 8mi more 7,000 Americans and Filipinos die
Doolittle Raid Nighttime bombing of mainland Japan from USS Hornet Detected early, went on with raid anyway 16 B-25 Bombers drop bombs continue on to China Crash-landed in China Killed 50 Japanese and damaged 100 bldgs. Not big military victory but great for morale
Battle of Coral Sea Japanese and U.S. aircraft carriers battle Airplanes attack on both sides Battle technically a draw but forced Japanese to call off
their plans to attack New Guinea. Shifts momentum to Americans.
Short Response Questions!!!! 1. Do you think a totalitarian government would have
formed in Germany if the Great Depression had not occurred?
2. What was the “Four Freedoms” speech, and why was it significant?
3. How did the attack on Pearl Harbor cause the U.S. to abandon its neutral position on the war between the Allies and Axis powers?
4. How could FDR condemn the 1937 bombing of Chinese civilian targets by Japan, yet condone the bombing of Japanese civilian targets in 1942 with the Doolittle Raid?
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