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Renewing the National Laboratories
by
Dr. R.A. MashelkarDirector General
National Laboratories
Context decides the content!
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Global Research Alliance
• CSIR (India)• CSIR (South Africa)• CSIRO (Australia)• FhG (Germany)• VTT (Finland)• DTI (Denmark)• TNO (Netherland)• Battelle (USA)• SIRIM (Malaysia)
Restructuring:Restructuring:Some Personal ExperienceSome Personal Experience
• India (1976-2005)• Indonesia (1994-2001)• South Africa (1997-2002)• Croatia (2002-2004)• China (1990-91)• Turkey (2001-05)
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Expectation from CSIR
CSIR (India) Case Study
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CSIR - 1995
CSIR Mission
“To provide scientific industrial R&D that maximizes the economic,
environmental & societal benefits for the people of India”
Serve the nation
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Accolades on CSIR Transformation
• Business• Management experts• Leading scientists• Political leadership
Cultural Differences
Market needsPerceived needsFocus
Market attractivenessScientific noveltyBasic orientation
Salable goods and services
Packages containing knowledge and information
Products
Profit centresCost centresFinancial Structure
Short termLong termTime Horizon
IndustryInstitutes
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ACCOLADES FROM BUSINESS
Business India
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Accolades on CSIR Transformation
• Business• Management experts• Leading scientists• Political leadership
2001
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Accolades on CSIR Transformation
• Business• Management experts• Leading scientists• Political leadership
9
Accolades on CSIR Transformation
• Business• Management experts• Leading scientists• Political leadership
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I would like to congratulate CSIR for the remarkable transformation into a performance driven and user focused organistion. The entire CSIR family deserves to be complimented for achieving this feat. …. I am happy to see that CSIR is flying higher and further.
PM's speech at the CSIR Society Meeting
July 26, 2004New Delhi
CSIR being used by as a model of institutional transformation by
World Bank
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• I have recommended CSIR as a model of how countries can harness their top quality scientific research institutions to the task of industrial technology development, innovation and global competitiveness.
Dr. A WatkinsHead, ECA Region World Bank
TRANSFORMATION OF CSIR: INITIATIVES
• CSIR 2001: VISION & STRATEGY – A WHITE PAPER
• MARKET ORIENTATION• QUALITY OF SCIENCE • IPR MANAGEMENT(1996)• QUALITY ASSURANCE: ISO & GLP• TECHNOLOGY LEADERSHIP
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MARKET ORIENTATION
• BUDGET HEAD FOR MARKETING• MARKETING GROUP IN EACH LAB• DEVOLUTION OF DECISION MAKING• SPECIALISED BUSINESS
DEVELOPMENT CONSULTANTS• STAFF ON BoD OF PRIVATE SECTOR• KNOWLEDGE AS EQUITY• AWARD FOR MARKETING &
BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT
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FINANCIAL INITIATIVES
• PERFORMANCE LINKED BUDGET ALLOCATIONS
• STAFF INCENTIVES• LABORATORY RESERVE FUND
LABORATORY RESERVE FUND
• SURPLUSES FROM CONTRACT R&D/ SERVICES– RETAINED– CARRIED FORWARD
• FREEDOM TO OPERATE AT LABORATORY LEVEL
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LABORATORY RESERVE FUND
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
5
1992
-93
1993
-94
1994
-95
1995
-96
1996
-97
1997
-98
1998
-99
1999
-00
2001
-01
2001
-02
2002
-03
2003
-04
2004
-05
2005
-06
Accumulated
Rs.
Bill
ion
Expectation from CSIR
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2956
CSIR’s QUALITY OF SCIENCEAVERAGE IMPACT FACTOR /PAPER
1.6841.75
1.9
2.04
1.696
1.5521.467
1.264
0.85
0.75
1
1.25
1.5
1.75
2
2.25
1995 1996 1997 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
Imp
act
Fac
tor
16
6 4 4 7 8 10 1123
32 37 38
69
145
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99200
0200
1200
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US Patents Granted to CSIR
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272
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India’s emergence as Global R&D platform
• Over 150 global players set up R&D centres
• Cost cum competence advantage• General Electric R&D Centre – 3000
strong
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Major PCT Applicants from Developing Countries(2002)
28SingaporeThe National University of Singapore9
24SingaporePhilips Electronics Singapore PTE Ltd.10
84ChinaHuawaei Technologies Co.5
31ChinaSAE Magnetics (H.K.) Ltd.8
47Rep of KoreaLG Chem Ltd.7
56IndiaRanbaxy Laboratories Ltd.6
125ChinaLG electronics Inc4
136ChinaBiowindow Gene Development Inc3
184Rep of KoreaSamsung Electronic Co.
184IndiaCouncil of Scientific & Industrial Research
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No
( appl)
CountryApplicantRank
From Reverse Engineering to Forward Engineering
NCL Catalysts : Success Story
1978 DMA“Me too catalyst”
1986 Xylene isomerisation“Superior to Mobil catalyst”
1991Hydrodewaxing “Reverse transfer of technology to Europe”
1995 Export of technology & products
2000 Global partnerships
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Paradigm ShiftProjects
Then• Small• individual/ group
based • Costs no
consideration• Monitoring
Perfunctory
Now• Large, networked, • Market orientation
• Time & cost sacrosanct
• Stringent Monitoring
Paradigm ShiftWork Culture
Then• Inward looking
– No compulsion to reach out
• Local/national outreach
• Powers centralized• Rigid rules & procedures
Now• Outward looking:
Harness synergy of all systems
• Global/ international vision
• Powers decentralized• Autonomous;
operational flexibility
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National Laboratories
Context decides the content!
CSIR South Africa
• Remodeled in 1987 as business units• Review in 1997 & 2002• Strong commercial links (70% self
financing)• New Challenges• Erosion of science base• Image• Integration after 1994
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• Context decides the content• Changes from country to country
and time to time• Continuous repositioning• Balancing local relevance and
global excellence• Golden triangle crucial (national
labs/ universities/ Industry)• Finally it is all about leadership!
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