Download - Burrito Book of Microbiology

Burrito Book of Microbiology

Tales of Tiny Assassins

What Do We Really Need To Know?

• basic characteristics• how they infect a host • what diseases they cause• how they can be stopped.

How Viruses Attack

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Viruses and Bacteria



There is a HUGE difference in their sizes.

Viruses are 1/10th to 1/100,000th the size of a bacterium.Bacteria are 1/10th to 1/100,000th the size of a protist

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What is a virus?A non-living container of DNA.

Not a cell

Must use another organism to reproduce

Viruses - Basic Characteristics

Virus Structures and Examples



How We Get Viruses

･Exposure to infected bodily fluids through activities such as sexual intercourse or sharing hypodermic needles.



･ Sneezes! ･ Coughs ･ Bites from infected animals or insects



Once a virus has found a new host…

Diseases Caused By VirusMeasles, mumps, rubella, polio,

encephalits, diptheria, chicken pox, small pox, mono, warts,

…and also colds, flu, HIV, yellow fever,herpes, bird flu , hepitiusA/B and many more!

Polio Victim




Flu epidemic of 1918

…viral pneumonia...

How do You Stop A Virus?

• Immunizations• Natural antibodies• Avoid others who are

infected• Wash your hands• Maintain a strong

immune system





Monoclonal antibody

What are Bacteria?

• Different bacteria can “eat” everything from sunlight, to sugar to iron and sulfur, and may emit toxins as waste products.

•

Single-celled prokaryotes with tiny flagella.

They can be found everywhere and in large amounts. 100,000 / square inch of skin; 1,000,000,000 /teaspoon of dirt.



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Sphere-shaped bacteria (cocci) sometimes grow in chains or in clumps like a bunch of grapes.

Rod-shaped bacteria (bacilli) can also form in chains.

Spiral-shaped bacteria (spirilla) can use their shape to propel themselves by twisting like a corkscrew.

Bacteria Forms

Diseases Caused by Bacteria

• Whooping Cough ･Leprosy･Tetanus･Salmonella ･Botulism Scarlet fever･


Ear Ache Strep throat･ Cholera ･ Dysentery Gonorrhea ･ Anthrax ･ Diphtheria ･ Syphilis ･TuberculosisBacterial PneumoniaTetanus


Leprosy

And don’t forget Septicemia!

http://www.cureresearch.com/l/leprosy/intro.htm

http://www.cureresearch.com/l/leprosy/intro.htm

http://www.cureresearch.com/t/tetanus/intro.htm

http://www.cureresearch.com/t/tetanus/intro.htm

http://www.cureresearch.com/s/salmonella_food_poisoning/intro.htm

http://www.cureresearch.com/s/salmonella_food_poisoning/intro.htm

http://www.cureresearch.com/b/botulism_food_poisoning/intro.htm

http://www.cureresearch.com/b/botulism_food_poisoning/intro.htm

http://www.cureresearch.com/s/scarlet_fever/intro.htm

http://www.cureresearch.com/m/middle_ear_infection/intro.htm

http://www.cureresearch.com/s/strep_throat/intro.htm

How Bacteria Invades• Coughs or sneezes!• Close contact with an infected person

• Contact with feces • Cuts• Indirectly, by touching contaminated surfaces



•Drinking contaminated water•Eating contaminated food without cooking it thoroughly.


How Prevented/Cured/Manged

AntibioticsDisinfectantsClean waterCooking meat

throughly

WASHING HANDS!!!!



…and I’d wash carefully after wearing that meat, too…



Protists

• Stained Volvox and Amoebas


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Basic Characteristics Of Protists

• Single-celled eukaryotes• Live in water• Everyone classifies differently


Can live in colonies so they look big, like kelp.

Giardia


Kelp

Sickness Caused By Protists


Pfeisteria -pfeisteria dinoflagellateMalaria - plasmodiumAmoebic dysentery -Entamoeba histolytica

Pfeisteria dinoflagelate

Most protists are benign to humans.

How They Infect• Consumed in dirty water• Mosquito bites• Uncooked food

How to Prevent Infection• Clean water• Insecticides, anti-malarial medicines• Cooking food thoroughly



•Eat decomposing organic material•Like moist areas•Come in many forms•Macroscopic and microscopic

Fungi Characteristics

• Mycelium and hyphae structure

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Sicknesses Caused by Fungi

• Ringworm• Athelete’s Foot• Yeast Infection• Poisoning



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How fungi infect• Spores carry on the wind everywhere.• Athelete’s Foot - direct contact with

fungus on surfaces• Bacteria/fungal imbalance

How Prevented/Cured

• Fungicides• Good hygene• Avoiding fungus-friendly surfaces• Don’t eat wild mushrooms!

What’s on Tuesday’s Test?• All this info about small things that kill

you:• Viruses, bacteria, fungus, protists:

– What they look like, misc. important information, diseases caused by, how to prevent.

What Do We Need To Know About Cells?

• How to use a microscope• Cell Theory• The difference between animal and plant cells.• Role and function of the cell organelles.• Cell processes: photosynthesis, respiration, and

mitosis/meiosis.