Why horticulture?
• Economical
• Value– Enhanced property value– Reduced costs– Can provide a career, living
• Exercise
Why horticulture?
• Emotional value
Why horticulture?
• Provide animal habitat
Horticulture is a business
• Park Seeds
• Jackson & Perkins
• Lancaster Farms
• Encore azaleas
• Witherspoon Roses
• Plant Delights
Horticulture is a science
• NCSU Horticulture– Horticulture information leaflets
• Journals– Journal of the American Society of Horticult
ural Science– Journal of Horticultural Science & Biotechn
ology
Plant Classification
• Botanical
• Horticultural
Scientific & binomial nomenclature
Brassica oleracea cv. Green Comet
Lycopersicon esculentum cv. Better Boy
Hibiscus syriacus ‘Diana’
Phlox
P. paniculata P. subulata
Growth cycles
Growth cycles
• Annuals
Growth cycles
• Biennials
Growth cycles
• Perennials
Growth cycles
• Monocarps
Growth habit classification
procumbent erect
climbing
SpreadingArchingVertical
Ornamental plant classifications
• Herbaceous vs. woody
• Flowering vs. foliage
• Hardiness zones
Herbaceous plants
• Annuals, biennials, perennials
Woody plants
• Vines• Shrubs
• Trees
Shrubs
Trees
Flowering vs. foliage plants
Hardiness classification
Plant anatomy
Dicots Monocots
storage roots
Mycorrhizae
fungal association (mutualistic) with roots
Stems
•Support
•Conduction
•Growth
Stem functions
Leaf Functions?
•Photosynthesis•Conduction•Protection
Leaves
Leaf characteristics
Flowers
Organs for reproduction
Flower anatomy
Perfect vs. imperfect flowers
• Perfect – having both male and female parts
• Imperfect – lacking male or female parts
Imperfect flowers
• Monoecious species– Staminate and pistillate flowers on
the same plant– Oaks, maples, pines, corn, melons,
figs, pecans (dichogamous)
Imperfect flowers
• Dioecious species– Staminate and pistillate
flowers on separate plants– Gingko, kiwi, persimmon,
cannabis
Flower development
• The ABC model of flower development– A,B,C = differententially expressed MADS
box genes (transcription factors)
Flowers may lack specific flower parts due to mutations in A, B, or
C genes
Flowers are contained on an inflorescence
Determinate vs. indeterminate inflorescences
• Determinate – stem growth ends with a flower(s)
• Indeterminate – flowers produces along stem (at nodes), stem tip continues to grow
Timing of flowering
• How does a plant “know” when to flower?
•Light (intensity and/or daylength)•Temperature•Hormones
Flower pollination and fertilization
Self-incompatibility
Fruit anatomy
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