BIOL 3340 BIOL 3340 Chapter 3Chapter 3
Chapter 4 Chapter 4
Microbial Cell Structure
Eucaryotes
Eucaryotic Cell StructureEucaryotic Cell Structure
•membrane-delimited nuclei
•membrane-bound organelles that perform specific functions
•more structurally complex than procaryotic cell
•generally larger than procaryotic cell
Size, Shape, and Arrangement of Eucaryotes
Yeast cell and Protozoan cellYeast cell and Protozoan cell
Functions of the cell Functions of the cell organellesorganelles
Eucaryotic MembranesEucaryotic Membranes
Includes: animal & plant cells, fungi & protists (protozoa & algae).).
Have a true nucleus with DNAHave a true nucleus with DNA DNA is enclosed in a membrane-
bound nucleus membrane-enclosed cell
organelles
…Eucaryotic Membranes
the fluid mosaic model is based on eucaryotic membranes
They are enriched with lipids and proteins
They participate in a variety of cell processes such as cell movement and transduction
Cell Structureof Eucaryotes- animal cell
Cell Structureof Eucaryotes- Plant Cell Plant Cell
…Eucaryotic membrane
Cytoplasm
Many organelles of eucaryotic cells lie in the cytoplasmic matrix
The cytoplasmic matrix -vast network of interconnected filaments.
Filaments that form the cytoskeleton: microfilaments, microtubules, and intermediate filaments.
plays role in both cell shape and cell movement
..Cytoplasmic Matrix
Viscous aqueous suspension of proteins, nucleic acid, dissolved organic compounds, mineral salts
Network of protein fibers similar to the eukaryotic cytoskeleton.
Cytoplasmic Inclusion Bodies: granules of organic or inorganic material that are stockpiled by the cell for future use.
some are enclosed by a single-layered membrane
Microfilaments
minute protein filaments, 4 to 7 nm in diameter
scattered within cytoplasmic matrix or organized into networks and parallel arrays
composed of actin proteininvolved in cell motion and
shape changes
Microtubules
shaped like thin cylinders ~ 25 nm in diameter
composed of - and -tubulinhelp maintain cell shapeinvolved with microfilaments in
cell movements participate in intracellular
transport processes
…The Endoplasmic Reticulum
irregular network of branching and fusing membranous tubules and flattened sacs (cisternae – s., cisterna).
rough ER ribosomes attachedsynthesis of secreted proteins by ER-
associated ribosomes smooth ER
devoid of ribosomessynthesis of lipids by ER-associated
enzymes
The Endoplasmic Reticulum
…The Endoplasmic Reticulum The ribosomes -sites of synthesis of some
proteins that it transports
transports proteins, lipids, and other materials within cell.
Ribosomes in the eukaryotic cytoplasm are larger than prokaryotic ribosomes
Ribosomes are also found within mitochondria and chloroplasts; the ribosomes of these organelles are very similar in structure & size to prokaryotic ribosomes
Mitochondria
site where ATP is generated by electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation
..Mitochondria
Chloroplasts
site of photosynthetic reactions
Nucleus
Nucleus:membrane-bound structure that
houses genetic material of eucaryotic cell
Chromatindense fibrous material within nucleuscontains DNAcondenses to form chromosomes
during cell division
…Nucleus
Nuclear envelope:double membrane structure that
delimits nucleuspenetrated by nuclear pores
pores allow materials to be transported into or out of nucleus
Nucleolus:important in ribosome synthesis
Other cell inclusions
Golgi bodies- involved in modification, packaging, and secretion of materials
Lysosomes- membrane-bound vesicles found in most eucaryotes
involved in intracellular digestion Vacuoles-transport system
Reproduction
Eucaryotes:asexual reproduction
transverse fissionbuddingspore production
sexual reproductioninvolves union of compatible nuclei
followed by formation of sexual spores
BibliographyBibliography
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientific_methodhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientific_method https://files.kennesaw.edu/faculty/jhendrix/https://files.kennesaw.edu/faculty/jhendrix/
bio3340/home.htmlbio3340/home.html Lecture PowerPoints Prescott’s Principles of Lecture PowerPoints Prescott’s Principles of
Microbiology-Mc Graw Hill Co.Microbiology-Mc Graw Hill Co.http://images.search.yahoo.com/search/http://images.search.yahoo.com/search/
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