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2. Eco-friendly Indoor Lighting Design
BCA-GMP-Sesh-2009
BCA Academy (GMP) Programme
Module: Efficient Eco-lighting systems
(indoor & Outdoor)
Changing Scenario of Offices
ComfortComfort
CostCost
PerformancePerformance
BCA-GMP-Sesh-2009
AmbienceAmbienceImageImage
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What does this mean for Lighting ?Change in Lighting Parameters
Changing Scenario in Offices
Lighting Equipment : Trends in lamps, ballastsand luminaires
Light Quantity ( lux) : As per National Standards
Light Quality : Glare Control
: Colour Temperature
BCA-GMP-Sesh-2009
: o our en on
Lighting Controls : Flexibility to users
: Energy Savings Vs investment ??
WORKING ENVIRONMENT
What is good Lighting ?
WORKING ENVIRONMENT
What is good Lighting ?
Sound/noise
Hygiene
Heating/cooling
LIGHTING
health
vision
surrounds
Eye/vision
(Visual) task
performance
Speed/failure rate
Physical/mental health
Productivity
Sound/noise
Hygiene
Heating/cooling
LIGHTING
vision
surrounds
Eye/vision
(Visual) task
performance
Speed/failure rate
Physical/mental health
Productivity
BCA-GMP-Sesh-2009
n rastructureFurniture
Machinery
Etc.
TASKAbsenteeism
It is a Facilitator of vision and health
Infrastructure
Furniture
Machinery
Etc.
TASK
Safety/accidentsAbsenteeism
It is a Facilitator of vision and health
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Bare fittings
light in all direction
Optical Systems : Evolution
lamp visible .. glare
Basic look
J ust White reflector
upward light directed downward
BCA-GMP-Sesh-2009
lamp still visible .. no ambience
Opal/Prismatic cover
diffused li hts
Optical Systems : Evolution
lamp not visible .. glare reduction
decorative look
high absorption
reduction in efficiency
Mirror systems
BCA-GMP-Sesh-2009
Shaping light distribution
Controls glare
Improves System and energy efficiency
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Mirrors
Optical Systems : Evolution
Precise control of light distribution
Directs light to where needed
The right light at the right place
Consist of
Side Reflectors and cross lamellae
Shape , Size and Finish determines light distribution / screening
BCA-GMP-Sesh-2009
Different Types of Optical Systems
Optical Systems: Evolution
BCA-GMP-Sesh-2009
M5 parabolic side-
mirrors with parabolic
lamellae
M2 facetted mirror
with profiled lamellae
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Different Types of Optical Systems
Optical Systems : Evolution
C6 ( High Gloss)
parabolic mirror and
special parabolic
lamellae
BCA-GMP-Sesh-2009
StandardsStandards
BCA-GMP-Sesh-2009
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National
Lighting society Standardisation institute
LiTG (D) DIN
Indoor lighting standards
Europe
NSVV (NL) NEN
IES (USA) ANSI
CEN
BCA-GMP-Sesh-2009
World CIE ISO
Recommendations
1) Entrance Halls : 200 - 500 Lux
SS 531: 2006 general recommendations
2) Dining Areas : 200 - 500 Lux3) Kitchen : 300 - 750 Lux4) Guest Rooms : 75 - 150 Lux5) Corridors & Stairs : 100 - 200 Lux6) Lift Interior : 75 - 150 Lux7) Enquiry Desk : 300 - 750 Lux8) Offices : 300 - 750 Lux
-
BCA-GMP-Sesh-2009
10) Ramps : 50 - 100 Lux11) Entrance & Exit : 50 - 300 Lux12) Control Booth : 150 - 300 Lux
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Key Lighting ParametersKey Lighting Parameters
Office LightingOffice Lighting
BCA-GMP-Sesh-2009
Quality aspect Quality parameter
SS 531: 2006 Office areas
Lighting level
Uniformity
Glare restriction
Colour rendering
maintained illuminance
Emin /E avUGR
CRI = Ra
BCA-GMP-Sesh-2009
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Sl.No
Type of Interior E(Lux)
UGR Ra
SS 531: 2006 Office areas
. ,
3.2 Writing, reading, Dataprocessing
500 19 80
3.3 Technical drawings 750 16 80
3.4 CAD work stations 500 19 80
BCA-GMP-Sesh-2009
3.5 Conf&Meeting rooms 500 19 80
3.6 Reception desk 300 22 80
3.7 Archives 200 25 80
Lighting of Indoor workplaces
LIGHTING ENVIRONMENT
BCA-GMP-Sesh-2009
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Lighting for indoor work places
Definitions Luminance distributionLuminance distribution
Reflectance of surfaces
Illuminance of surfaces
Useful reflectance Min. Max.
Ceiling 0.7 0.6 0.9
BCA-GMP-Sesh-2009
Wall 0.5 0.3 0.8
Working plane 0.6 0.2 0.6
Floor 0.3 0.1 0.5
Lighting for indoor work places
Definitions Task and surrounding areasTask and surrounding areas
Task / Surroundin areaTask / Surroundin area Illuminance
Task Surrounding
750 lux 500 lux500 lux 300 lux
300 lux 200 lux
200 lux 200 luxTask
Surrounding
BCA-GMP-Sesh-2009
Uniformity (Emin/Eave)
Task Surrounding
0.70 0.50
> 0.5 m
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Previous Approach - lighting requirements for offices (CIE)
Lighting requirements (Traditional)
Former approach (Space related)Avera e illuminancelevels onthe workin lane
500 lux (minimal on the w orking plane)500 lux (minimal on the w orking plane)
0.8m
1.6m
BCA-GMP-Sesh-2009
filing, copying, circulation areas 300 luxwriting, typing, reading, data processing areas 500 lux
technical drawing offices 750 luxCAD work stations 500 luxconference and meeting rooms 500 luxreception desk areas 300 luxarchives 200 lux
Concentration area Communication area ED
New Direction Lighting requirements
TASK - Communication
zone (B) Lighting level : 300-1000 lux Colour Temp. : 3000-5000K Colour rendering: 80-100
TASK - concentration
zone (A) Lighting level : 300-1000 lux Colour Temp. : 3000-5000K Colour rendering: 80-100
Control
switching
steps
300 lux (orientation lightin g)300 lux (orientation lightin g)
A A B
C
dualtask
Club officeO.2m
BCA-GMP-Sesh-2009
Glare restriction :No direct glare
uniformity :>0.5 (table) Beam shape : wide beam
Glare restriction :0.7 (task area) Beam shape : triangle or asym
ROOM - Walls (E)
Lighting level : >200 lux (Vert.) Colour Temp. : 3000-4000K Colour rendering: 80-100 Glare restriction : - uniformity : >0.1 Beam shape : -
ROOM - Ceiling (D)
Lighting level : >150 lux Colour Temp. : 3000-4000K Colour rendering: 80-100 Glare restriction : - uniformity : >0.5 Beam shape : -
ROOM - Floor(C)
Lighting level : >300 lux (hor.) Colour Temp. : 3000-4000K Colour rendering: 80-100 Glare restriction : - uniformity : >0.3 Beam shape : -
Controlcollectivelycontrolled
Indivi
Collectivespace
Decorative
elementsVariation& surpriseHow often
are theextremesapplied?
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> 500 lx
Example Office Lighting
Lighting for indoor work places
mm
mm
mm
uniformity
> 0.7> 300 lx
uniformity
> 0.5
BCA-GMP-Sesh-2009
4800mm
360
360
> 200 lx
Illuminances are maintained levels
Lighting for indoor work placesDefinitions Maintenance factor
Initial illuminance
Maintained
illuminance
Service illuminance
100%
Eave
BCA-GMP-Sesh-2009
Operating time
Maintenanceinterval
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Lighting of Indoor workplaces
DIRECT AND INDIRECT GLARE
BCA-GMP-Sesh-2009
Luminance and illuminance
Lighting for indoor work placesDefinitions (direct and indirect glare)
luminous
intensit Iluminance L
2
luminance L
[candela/m2]
BCA-GMP-Sesh-2009
illuminance E [lux]
[candela]
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UGR
Lighting for indoor work places
Definitions (direct glare) UGR
Complicated system to limit direct
glare caused by the luminaires
in the room
BCA-GMP-Sesh-2009
Luminance limits for
Lighting for indoor work placesDefinitions (indirect glare)
luminaires which can bereflected in the screen
Two luminaire classifications:
Screen quality2
BCA-GMP-Sesh-2009
Screen quality
poor < 200 cd/m2
above 650
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Lighting for indoor work places
Definitions (indirect glare)
reflected in the screen
Screen classes in accordance
with ISO 9241-7I IIIII
Screen quality good poor medium
Average luminance of luminaires 1000 200
BCA-GMP-Sesh-2009
which are reflected in the screen cd / m2 cd / m2
above 650
Note: In some special places 550 should be appliedFor display screen with screen tilt up to 150
Industrial lighting
BCA-GMP-Sesh-2009
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Basic lighting solutions: Linear light sources
Industry Lighting
Point light sources
(High intensity
Dischar e lam s
BCA-GMP-Sesh-2009
Application h < 6 m
Industry Lighting
95-100 % 'TL'D lamps
5% HID lamps
BCA-GMP-Sesh-2009
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Application 6 < h < 12 m
Industry Lighting
TL'D lamps HID lamps
BCA-GMP-Sesh-2009
Application h. 12 m
Industry Lighting
HID lamps
BCA-GMP-Sesh-2009
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PrinciplesPrinciples
BCA-GMP-Sesh-2009
1.Determine the function and
need2. Select the Lighting
level from relevant
Standards for particular
Guidelines
function
BCA-GMP-Sesh-2009
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Calculate No. of luminaires
Determine light ing
parameters
Input Preparation Output Preparation
Guidelines
Prepare Recommendation
Cost Calculation
g ng eve
uniformity
colour Rendering
colour temperature
glare
BCA-GMP-Sesh-2009
e ec qu pmen
lamp
luminairegears
control
Determine , length , width and height of working space
Calculate Room Index
Lumen method of Calculation
engt x w t
K = Mounting height x (length +width)
Select the reflection factors of ceiling/wall /floor rc / rw,/ rf(For offices , 0.7 . 0.5,0.3 .. are common values)
Select the luminaire and lamp types
Choose Utilisation factor (UF) from the UF table
BCA-GMP-Sesh-2009
eec an enance ac or Use the pre-selected illuminance
Calculate no. of luminaires
Arrange the luminaires in a suitable grid
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Utilisation Factor TableIndication of efficiency ofluminaire
Utilisation Factor Table
..... with respect to
Room Index
Surface Reflection factors
Designers tool for
calculation of quantity of
BCA-GMP-Sesh-2009
Maintenance Factors: Guidelines
Air Conditioned interiors 0.85
Non Air-conditioned interiors 0.80
Industrial Areas ( normal) 0.7 - 0.75
Industrial Areas ( dusty) 0.65- 0.7
BCA-GMP-Sesh-2009
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Calculation of No. of luminaires (N) by LumenMethod
Step by Step Approach for Calculation
E X L X W
N =
C X T X UF X MF
where ,
E = Average Illuminance (lux)
L = Length of room in m
BCA-GMP-Sesh-2009
W = Width of Room in m
C = Light output / lamp
T = No. of lamps per luminaire
UF = Utilisation factor
MF = Maintenance Factor
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