AP Biology
Chapter 7:Cell Membrane Structure
Fig: 7.7
LE 7-2
Hydrophilichead
Hydrophobictail
WATER
WATER
LE 7-3
Hydrophilic regionof protein
Hydrophobic region of protein
Phospholipidbilayer
Proteins of the Membrane
Fig: 7.7
LE 7-9a
EnzymesSignal
ReceptorATP
Transport Enzymatic activity Signal transduction
LE 7-9b
Glyco-protein
Cell-cell recognition Intercellular joining Attachment to thecytoskeleton and extra-cellular matrix (ECM)
Cholesterol of the Membrane
LE 7-5a
Lateral movement(~107 times per second)
Flip-flop(~ once per month)
Movement of phospholipids
LE 7-4
Knife
Cytoplasmic layerExtracellular layer
Cytoplasmic layer
Plasmamembrane
Extracellular layer
Proteins
Cell – to – Cell Recognition
LE 7-15a
EXTRACELLULARFLUID
Channel protein Solute
CYTOPLASM
LE 7-15b
Carrier protein Solute
Diffusion
Osmosis
LE 7-13
Animalcell
Lysed
H2O H2O H2O
Normal
Hypotonic solution Isotonic solution Hypertonic solution
H2O
Shriveled
H2OH2OH2OH2OPlantcell
Turgid (normal) Flaccid Plasmolyzed
Water Potential
LE 7-15a
EXTRACELLULARFLUID
Channel protein Solute
CYTOPLASM
LE 7-16
Cytoplasmic Na+ bonds tothe sodium-potassium pump
CYTOPLASMNa+
[Na+] low[K+] high
Na+
Na+
EXTRACELLULARFLUID
[Na+] high[K+] low
Na+
Na+
Na+
ATP
ADP
P
Na+ binding stimulatesphosphorylation by ATP.
Na+
Na+
Na+
K+
Phosphorylation causesthe protein to change itsconformation, expelling Na+
to the outside.
P
Extracellular K+ bindsto the protein, triggeringrelease of the phosphategroup.
PP
Loss of the phosphaterestores the protein’soriginal conformation.
K+ is released and Na+
sites are receptive again;the cycle repeats.
K+
K+
K+
K+
K+
LE 7-17
Diffusion Facilitated diffusion
Passive transport
ATP
Active transport
Cell Voltage Gradient
Fig: 7.18
Fig: 7.19
Phagocytosis & Pinocytosis
LE 7-20c
Receptor
RECEPTOR-MEDIATED ENDOCYTOSIS
Ligand
Coatedpit
Coatedvesicle
Coat protein
Coat protein
Plasmamembrane
0.25 µm
A coated pitand a coatedvesicle formedduringreceptor-mediatedendocytosis(TEMs).
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