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ANTI BIOTIKA
BY: DELINA HASAN
PRODI KESMAS
2015
1DH-farm-kesmas-2012
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Antibiotika.
a! "# $%&as%'ka( )r#a(%sme
Bers%fa! *ak!er%+%$ $a( *ak!er%)s!a!%k
Kem)!era,% : *a&a( k%m%a "a(#mam, me(#&am*a! ke&%$,a(kma( $% $a'am !*&
Pera( ,e(e'%!% k'%(%s% /erss *ak!er% ()me(k'a!r
2DH-farm-kesmas-2012
7/24/2019 ANTIBIOTIKA KESMAS
3/21
IDENIIKASI
Pe3ar(aa( #ram : %$e(!%!as *ak!er% ,a!)#e( $ar%!em,a! %(feks% 4 ,e3ar(aa(
K'!r : ,em*%aka( $a( %$e(!%kas% m%kr)*a
K'!r ,)s%!%, ,a's : *%'a k'!r !erk)(!am%(as%
K'!r (e#a!%, ,a's : sam,e' !er%(feks% 4 me$%ak'!r 4 !ek(%k !%$ak sesa%
KHM : K)(se(!ras% HAm*a! M%(%ma' a$a'a&k)(se(!ras% a(!%*%)!%k "# $a,a! me(+e#a&,er!m*&a( k'!r
6DH-farm-kesmas-2012
7/24/2019 ANTIBIOTIKA KESMAS
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Resistensi
%m*'("a $a"a !a&a( kma(!er&a$a, )*a!
Res%s!e(s% kma( *%sa massa' )'e&kma( "# res%s!e(
7DH-farm-kesmas-2012
7/24/2019 ANTIBIOTIKA KESMAS
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Nosokomial di RS
ak!)r res%s!e(s%
Pe(#)*a!a( "# !er'am*a!
D)s%s !er'a' re($a&
Kma( a$a,!as% $e(#a( )*a!
Pem*er%a( A.B !%$ak !e,a! sasara(
Kea$aa( s%k ,e($er%!a me($k(# !er*e(!k("a kma($e(#a( +e,a!
Hiperreaksi (Reaksi Yang Berlebihan)
H%,erse(s%!%!as
)ks%s%!as
S,er %(feks%
Efek km'as%
5DH-farm-kesmas-2012
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K'as%kas% Antibiotika
Pe(%s%'%( Sefa')s,)r%(
e!ras%k'%(
K')ramfe(%k)'
Am%()#'%k)s%$a
A(!%*%)!%k 'a%( : makr)'%$a er%!r)m%s%(
8DH-farm-kesmas-2012
7/24/2019 ANTIBIOTIKA KESMAS
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PENISILIN 4 SEALOSPORIN
PENISILIN BAKERI 9RAM - 4
9RAMSREPOKOK;SSAILOKOK;SSPIROKEAKLOSRIDIAANRAKS AKINIMISEES
PENISILIN PER ORAL BAIK BEBERAPA IDAK R;SAK KRNENIM 4 H
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PENISILIN (Lactam)
DISRIB;SINYA KE OAK
ELIMINASI >IA RENAL
INDIKASI:
- PNE;MONIA
- MENIN9IIS
- OIIS MEDIA
- ARIN9IIS
- DEMAM RE;MAIK
- ENDOKARDIIS
- 9ONORE
- ANRAKS
- KLOSRIDIA 9AS 9AN9REN 4 EAN;S
- OSEOMILIIS
- DIPHERI
?DH-farm-kesmas-2012
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PENISILIN.
PERAMAKALI DIISOLASI DARI @AM;R PENIER PENISILINRESISENSI PEMBEN;KANPENISILINASEC
SIA KIMIA : PENISILINSEALOSPORINMONOLAKAMAREONAMC DAN KARBAPENEM IMIPENEMC
7/24/2019 ANTIBIOTIKA KESMAS
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9OLON9AN PENISILIN
PENISILIN 9 600.000-8 @;A ;NIC
PROKAIN PENISILIN BENAIN PENISILIN
AMPISILIN
AMOKSISILIN
OKSASILIN 4 KLOKSASILIN
SEALOSPORIN
10DH-farm-kesmas-2012
7/24/2019 ANTIBIOTIKA KESMAS
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PENISILIN.
ASAM KLA>;LANA PROBENISID MEMPERK;A KER@APENISILIN +)(!)&: A;9MENIN 4 IMENINC
REAKSI ALER9I: REAKSI PENISILIN BERKISAR DARI R;AMK;LI SAMPAI SYOK ANAILAKIK 4 POENSIALMEN9AN
7/24/2019 ANTIBIOTIKA KESMAS
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SEFALOSPORIN
MEKANISME SAMA DG PENISILIN
15 P ALER9I PENISILIN @;9A ALER9I SEALOSPORIN
PERAMA KALI ;G BAKERI 9RAM POSIIP
12DH-farm-kesmas-2012
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GOLONGAN SEFALOSPORIN
9ENERASI I
9ENERASI II
9ENERASI III
9ENERASI I>
GENERASI I
SEALEKSIN SEAOLIN
SEALOIN
SERADIN
SEADROKSIL
SEAPRIN
16DH-farm-kesmas-2012
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GENERASI II
SEAKLOR
SE;ROKSIM
SEAMANDOL
SEOKSIIN
SEOEAN
SEONI
7/24/2019 ANTIBIOTIKA KESMAS
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GENERASI III
SEOAKSIM
SERIAKSON
SEIKSIM
SEIOKSIM
SEOPERAON
MOKSALAKAM
SEIDIM
15DH-farm-kesmas-2012
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ERASIKLIN
9OL SPER;M L;AS
PADA BAKERI 9RAM DAN 9RAM -
PADA RIKESIAAM;BAMIKOPLASMA
RAKOMA
PER OS BAIK
MEABOLI PADA 9I9I 4 ;LAN9
18DH-farm-kesmas-2012
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KLORAMFENIKOL
SPEK;M L;AS @;9A
SPESIIK PADA BAKERI SALMONELLA YPOA HEMOPHILIS
INL;ENA B)e$e!e''a Per!s%s
Efek SAMPIN9 : KEB;AAN 4 ALER9I
LARAN9AN IB; MENY;S;I
GOLONGAN TETRASIKLIN DOKSISIKLIN
MEASILIN
KLORERASIKLIN
ERASIKLIN
OKSIERASIKLIN
1=DH-farm-kesmas-2012
7/24/2019 ANTIBIOTIKA KESMAS
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Tetrasiklin
A(!%*%)!%k s,ek!rm 'as Ba%k ,$ *ak!er% #ram -G
@#a ,$ R%ke!s%aam*a!rak)ma
B%'a $)s%s !%$ak !e,a! me("e*a*ka( res%s!e(s%Gke*a'
Pe(##(aa("a ,er )s
D%,e(#ar&% maka(a(')#am sema+am A'M#
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Aminoglikosida
Bak!er%)s!a!%k !&$ #ram
7/24/2019 ANTIBIOTIKA KESMAS
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Ka(am%s%(Ne)m%s%(Am%kas%(9e(!am%s%( 4 )*ram%s%(
Bak!er%s%$ ,$ #ram $a(
Pe("era,a( (e)m%s%( 4 ka(am%s%( ,er )s Je'ek s$#ka(#e(!am%s%( 4 !)*ram%s%( *a%k
Se$%aa( sa'e, 9e(!am%s%( *a("ak $%*er%ka( ,$ 'ka *akar 4'ka ,$ k'%!
Eritromisin Ak!%/%!as m%r%, ,e(%s%'%(
Keka!a( 'e*%& re($a&
Se*a#a% ,re,ara! ,e(##a(!% ,e(%s%'%(
Per )s *a%k
Kera+(a(: ma'm(!a&s,er%(feks% $a( a'er#%
S,%ram%s%( m%r%, er%!r)m%s%(E S,%ra$a( !a* 4 s"r,C
A%!r)m%+%( !a*s"r, %!r)ma !a*s"r,C
20DH-farm-kesmas-2012
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Kel Polimiksin
P)'%m%ks%( A
P)'%m%ks%( B"a(# $%,aka%
P)'%m%ks%(
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