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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION REPORT
FROM REALIZATION OF THE PROJECT
EXTENSION WITH RECONSTRUCTION OF THE EXISTING
CARRIAGEWAY, RIGHT CARRIAGEWAY OF THE MOTORWAY A1(E75), SMOKVICA-GEVGELIJA, SECTION NEGORCI - GEVGELIJA
SKOPJE
June, 2013
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Table of Content:
1 GENERAL INFORMATION 9
2 TYPE OF REPORT 9
3 COMPETENT BODY FOR APPROVAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION REPORTS 9
4 DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT IN WHICH THE ACTIVITY IS PERFORMED 10
4.1 SHORT NON-TECHNICAL SUMMARY OF THE ACTIVITY........................................................ ........................... 10
4.2 DESCRIPTIONOFTHELOCATION .................................................................................................... 11
4.2.1 Macro-location of the location ..................................................................................................... 11
4.2.2 Micro-location of the location ...................................................................................................... 12
4.3 TECHNICAL-TECHNOLOGICAL DESCRIPTION OF THE ACTIVITY......................................................................... 17
4.3.1 Technical-technological description of the project ....................................................................... 17
4.3.2 Project activities ........................................................................................................................... 20
4.3.3 Equipment, means of transportation and machinery................................................................... 27
4.4 RAW AND AUXILIARY MATERIALS............................................................................................................ 28
5 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT AROUND THE PROJECT AREA 31
5.1 GEOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE TERRAIN........................................................................................ 31
5.2 HYDRO-GEOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE TERRAIN.............................................................. ................ 32
5.3 CATEGORIZATION OF GROUND BY ENGINEERING-GEOLOGICAL FEATURES........................................................ 33
5.4 GEOMORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS.................................................................................................. 34
5.5 PEDOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS............................................................. ................................................ 34
5.6 CHARACTERISTICS OF THE LANDSCAPE................................................................ ...................................... 34
5.7 PERMANENT WATER RESOURCES........................................................................................................... 35
5.8 CLIMATIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE AREA................................................................................................. 385.9 EXISTING ROAD AND COMMUNAL INFRASTRUCTURE................................................................................... 40
5.10 BIODIVERSITY..................................................................................................................................... 43
5.11 CADASTRAL DATA IN THE PROJECT SCOPE................................................................................................. 46
5.12 DESCRIPTION OF THE SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT IN THE PROJECT AREA................................................................ 46
5.12.1 Socio demographic profile ..................................................................................................... 46
5.12.2 Socio-economic profile .......................................................................................................... 48
5.12.3 Urban profile ......................................................................................................................... 51
5.12.4 Socio-cultural profile .............................................................................................................. 51
6 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF THE PROJECT 53
6.1 EMISSIONS......................................................................................................................................... 536.1.1Air Emissions ................................................................................................................................. 53
6.1.2 Emissions into water and sewage ................................................................................................ 58
6.2 GENERATION OF WASTE............................................................. ........................................................... 60
6.2.1 Construction Phase ....................................................................................................................... 60
6.2.2 Operative Phase ........................................................................................................................... 62
6.3 EMISSIONS INTO SOIL........................................................................................................................... 62
6.3.1 Construction Phase ....................................................................................................................... 62
6.3.2 Operative Phase ........................................................................................................................... 63
6.4 NOISE,VIBRATION AND NON-IONIZING RADIATION.......................................................... ........................... 63
6.4.1 Noise ............................................................................................................................................. 63
6.4.2 Vibrations ..................................................................................................................................... 67
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6.4.3 Non-ionizing radiation .................................................................................................................. 67
6.5 BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY (FLORA,FAUNA HABITATS) ........................................................ ........................... 67
6.5.1 Construction Phase ....................................................................................................................... 67
6.5.2 Operative Phase ........................................................................................................................... 68
6.6 SOCIO -DEMOGRAPHIC IMPACTS........................................................................................................... 68
6.6.1 Land Acquisition ........................................................................................................................... 686.6.2 People and Livestock Health and Safety Impact ........................................................................... 68
6.7 SOCIAL-ECONOMIC IMPACT................................................................................................................... 70
6.7.1 Impact on Business and Agricultural Activities ............................................................................. 70
6.7.2 Impact on tourism ........................................................................................................................ 70
6.8 INFRASTRUCTURE IMPACTS ................................................................................................................... 71
6.8.1 Impact on Local residents ............................................................................................................. 71
6.8.2 Impact on road infrastructure ...................................................................................................... 71
6.8.3 Impact on irrigation, water supply, sewerage system infrastructure ........................................... 71
6.9 SOCIO-CULTURAL IMPACTS................................................................................................................... 72
6.9.1 Labour Impacts ............................................................................................................................. 72
7 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION PROGRAM 73
7.1 MITIGATION MEASURES FOR THE AIR................................................................. ...................................... 73
7.1.1 Construction phase ....................................................................................................................... 73
7.1.2 OPERATIVE PHASE............................................................................................................................... 74
7.2 MITIGATION MEASURES FOR THE WATERS AND SEWERAGE.......................................................................... 74
7.2.1 Construction Phase ....................................................................................................................... 74
7.2.2 Operative Phase ........................................................................................................................... 75
7.3 MITIGATION MEASURES FOR REDUCE THE IMPACT OF WASTE....................................................................... 75
7.3.1 Construction Phase ....................................................................................................................... 75
7.3.2 Operative Phase ........................................................................................................................... 757.4 MITIGATION MEASURES FOR REDUCTION OF THE IMPACTS ON SOIL.......................................................... ..... 75
7.4.1 Construction Phase ....................................................................................................................... 75
7.4.2 Operative Phase ........................................................................................................................... 76
7.5 MITIGATION MEASURES FOR REDUCTION OF THE NOISE,VIBRATION,NON -IONIZING RADIATION......................... 76
7.5.1 Construction Phase ....................................................................................................................... 76
7.5.2 Operative Phase ........................................................................................................................... 77
7.6 MITIGATION MEASURES FOR REDUCTION OF THE IMPACTS ON BIODIVERSITY ................................................... 77
7.6.1 Construction Phase ....................................................................................................................... 77
7.6.2 Operative Phase ........................................................................................................................... 78
7.7 MEASURES FOR MITIGATION OF SOCIAL IMPACTS....................................................................................... 78
7.8 RISK MANAGEMENT (OCCURRENCE OF A DISASTER,ACCIDENT OR EMERGENCY)................................................ 79
7.8.1 Construction Phase ....................................................................................................................... 79
7.8.2 Operative Phase ........................................................................................................................... 82
8 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING PLAN 97
8.1 ENVIRONMENTALMANAGEMENTPLAN-EMP ............................................................................... 98
8.2 ENVIRONMENTALMONITORINGPLAN-EMP .............................................................................. 113
9 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION 120
10 ANNEXES 122
11 STATEMENT 145
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12 REFERENCES 146
Table list:
Table 1 List of materials which will be used during the construction activities ..................................... 29
Table 2Average temperature values in Municipality of Gevgelija........................................................ 38
Table 3 Demographic data of the project area .................................................................................... 47
Table 4Number of pupils in Municipality of Gevgelija for 2011/12 school year ................................... 48
Table 5Unemployment in Gevgelija ..................................................................................................... 49
Table 6Active enterprises in the Municipality of Gevgelija, by sector of activity ................................. 50
Table 7Agricultural statistics in Municipality of Gevgelija .................................................................... 51
Table 8Concentrations of CO2measured in the ambient air ............................................................... 56
Table 9 Concentrations of dust (PM) in the ambient air measured at the measuring point Mrzenci ... 56
Table10 List of wastes .......................................................................................................................... 60
Table 11Noise levels, generated from construction equipment .......................................................... 64
Table 12 Noise levels generated at a construction site (15 m from the source) .................................. 64
Table 13Equivalent level of noise and maximum values measured at the village of Mrzenci ............ 65
Table 14Table with the projected measures ........................................................................................ 83
Figure List
Figure 1 Location of the Municipality of Gevgelija compared to other municipalities in the Republic of
Macedonia ............................................................................................................................................. 12
Figure 2Satellite image of the section Negorci-Gevgelija in relation to Gevgelija .............................. 13
Figure 3 Part of the agricultural land and facilities along the section Negorci-Gevgelija, rightcarriageway ........................................................................................................................................... 14
Figure 4 Settlement Mrzenci near the right carriageway of the motorway Negorci-Gevgelija ............. 14
Figure 5River Mrzenska near the highway section Negorci-Gevgelija ............................................... 15
Figure 6Bridge on river Mrzenska ....................................................................................................... 15
Figure 7Location of section Negorci (1153 +050.49)-Gevgelija (1156 +487.15) ................................ 16
Figure 8Part of the motorway A1 (75), section Negorci - Gevgelija ................................................. 17
Figure 9Discharge to atmosphere drain water near v. Negorci .......................................................... 19
Figure 10Bridge on river Mrzenska ..................................................................................................... 19
Figure 11Systems of canals for drainage on the motorway ................................................................ 20
Figure 12Cross section of the motorway drainage system ................................................................. 23
Figure 13Scheme of the asphalting and the thickness of the layers .................................................. 24
Figure 14The method for traffic redirection and signalization and equipment during construction of
the left carriageway ............................................................................................................................... 25
Figure 15 The method for traffic redirection and signalization and equipment on the locations where
the newly designed carriageway overlaps the existing one .................................................................. 26
Figure 16The necessary signalling machinery and the places where the new road crosses from left
to right ................................................................................................................................................... 26
Figure 17 The method for traffic redirection and signalisation and equipment during reconstruction
and extension of the existing road ........................................................................................................ 27
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Figure 18 Some of the equipment and machinery that will be used for the extension and
reconstruction of the carriageway ......................................................................................................... 28
Figure 19 Geological map of the area (Negorci-Gevgelija) .................................................................. 32
Figure 20Hydro-geological map of the wider area .............................................................................. 33
Figure 21Hill Mrzenci near v. Mrzenci ................................................................................................. 35Figure 22 River Mrzenska dries out during the summer period ........................................................... 35
Figure 23 Location of water supply, irrigation and gas pipeline, passing under the motorway ........... 36
Figure 24Thermo- mineral springs near Negorci ................................................................................ 36
Figure 25Water-economy areas in the Republic of Macedonia .......................................................... 37
Figure 26Existing and planned hydro - power plants......................................................................... 37
Figure 27Climatic map of the Republic of Macedonia ........................................................................ 39
Figure 28Rose of winds ....................................................................................................................... 39
Figure 29Part of the motorway 1 (75) near Gevgelija.................................................................... 40
Figure 30Roads infrastructure in the Municipality of Gevgelija ........................................................... 41
Figure 31Railway corridors.................................................................................................................. 41
Figure 32 Electricity distribution networks and hydro/thermal power plants in the Republic of
Macedonia............................................................................................................................................ 42
Figure 33 The route of the oil pipeline Skopje-Thessaloniki ................................................................ 42
Figure 34System for irrigation South Vardar Valley......................................................................... 43
Figure 35Existing vegetation along the section .................................................................................. 44
Figure 36Cultivated land ..................................................................................................................... 44
Figure 37River Mrzenska .................................................................................................................... 45
Figure 38Gender constitution of the population in Municipality of Gevgelija ...................................... 48
Figure 39Measuring point for noise, dust and 2near the overpass at Mrzenci ............................. 55
Figure 40 Noise intensity reduction per distance from the source ...................................................... 65
Annex list:
ANNEX 1 ............................................................................................................................................. 122
ANNEX 2 ............................................................................................................................................. 128
ANNEX 3 ............................................................................................................................................. 131
ANNEX 4 ............................................................................................................................................. 141
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TECHNICAL NUMBER 01-112/1
Based on the concluded Contract between the Environmental Managament Assosiates
DEKONS EMA LTD, Skopje and PE for national roads-Skopje, no. 03-82 of 17/05/2013,
Environmental protection report from realization of the Project-extension with reconstruction
of the existing carriageway, right carriageway of the Motorway A1 (E75), Smokvica-
Gevgelija, section Smokvica-Prdejci, in accordance with Article 24 of the Law on
environment ("Official Gazette of RM" no. 53/05, 81/05, 24/07, 159/08, 83/09, 48/10, 124/10,
51/11 and 123/12).
In accordance with the Decree on the activities for which preparation of elaborate is
mandatory and competent authority is the body of the state administration responsible for
the affairs of the environment ("Official Gazette of RM" no. 36/12), the extension with
reconstruction of the A1 (E75) motorway, Smokvica-Gevgelija belongs in Appendix, XI-
Infrastructural projects; 15.Reconstruction of Motorways and national roads for more than 10
km1.
The Report was prepared in accordance with the Opinion no.11-3235/2 from 18.04.2013
from the Department of the Environment, in which the Investor (PE for national roads) iscommitted to prepare an Environmental protection report.
Within the project activity, in May 2013, site visit was conducted in order to make insight into
the current state of the location where the activity will be carried out and to identify potential
sources of pollution in the environment from their operation.
The Environmental protection report gives an image of the current state of the investment-A1
(E75) Motorway, Smokvica-Gevgelija, section Smokvica-Prdejci, identifies the potential
adverse impacts from the extension and reconstruction of the Motorway in the environmental
media and proposes measures for their reduction or mitigation.
1Both sections which are subject of preparation of the Environmental protection reports are covered by one main project and
are in length of 6,726 km and 3,427 km, or a total of 10,153 km.
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In the preparation of the Environmental protection report from realization of the Project-
extension with reconstruction of the existing carriageway, right carriageway of the Motorway
A1 (E75), Smokvica-Gevgelija, section Smokvica-Prdejci for the needs of PE for national
roads-Skopje, the following team participated:
DEKONS-EMA
Manager
Menka Spirovska
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1 GENERAL INFORMATION
Name and surname of the legal entity
or individual that implements
activities
Public Enterprise for National Roads
(PE)
Legal status PENR was founded in 2013 by the Lawon public roads, as the legal successor
of the Agency for State Roads
Ownership PE for state roads is owned by the
Government of Republic of Macedonia
Business office of the legal entity
(registered in the central register)
Str.Dame Gruev No.14
1000 Skopje
Address where activities are/will be
implemented
Municipality Gevgelija, Negorci -
Gevgelija
Unique number of the legal entity 6839673
Identification of core activity
according to NCA
64.99
Category of activity that is the subject of the
application under the provisions of Article
24 paragraph (4) and (5)
Other financial - service activities, except
insurance and pension funding, not
mentioned elsewhere
Number of employees at the facility where
the activity is performed or activity for
which the application is submitted
/
Total number of employees in the
legal entity or individual that carries
on business or activity
319
Projected capacity 3,427 km
Name and surname of contact person
responsible for the approval of the study
and his position
Joze Jovanovski, Environmental
engineer, Environmental protection
consultant
Telephone number - contact 02/ 3118-044 lok.135
Fax: 02/ 3220-535
2 TYPE OF REPORT
New activity
Existing activityExpansion of existing activity
3 COMPETENT BODY FOR APPROVAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
REPORTS
Body name Ministry of Environment and Physical Planning
- Department of Environment
Address Blvd Goce Delcev No. 8, building MRTV 10 thfloor, 1000
SkopjeTelephone 02/3251-400
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4 DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT IN WHICH THE ACTIVITY IS PERFORMED
4.1 Short non-technical summary of the activity
The Project activity is implemented by PE for national roads. In (Annexes) of this report, the
Certificate from the Central Register is presented, i.e. the current status of the company.
The project envisages extension with reconstruction of the existing carriageway, right
carriageway of the Motorway A1 (E75), Smokvica-Gevgelija, section Negorci-Gevgelija.
Accordingly, one more lane of the already existing five lanes of the Motorway will be
constructed, in order to get full motorway with six lanes in both directions (three lanes in
direction).
With the construction of this section, the connectivity between Macedonia and Greece will be
greatly improved and finally, the completion of the motorway A1 (Pan European Corridor 10)
in the Republic of Macedonia will be enabled, on level of complete Motorway with 6 lanes,
parallel with finalizing of the project for construction of the section Demir Kapija-Smokvica.All of this will contribute to improving of the economy, the economic development will be
accelerated, safety and, in general, the quality of the life of the people, not only in this part of
the country, but also wider.
The land on which the extension of the section is planned is state owned, which means that
the planned extension will not usurp fertile agricultural land, because the extension will be
carried out in the green area between the two carriageways, for which there is a projected
space.
In accordance with the Decree on the activities for which preparation of elaborate is
mandatory and competent authority is the body of the state administration responsible for
the affairs of the environment ("Official Gazette of RM" no. 36/12), the extension with
reconstruction of the A1 (E75) motorway, Smokvica-Gevgelija belongs in Appendix, XI-
Infrastructural projects; 15.Reconstruction of Motorways and national roads for more than 10
km2.
To perform these activities a Detailed Design Project is made, dating from 1999. The data
for the preparation of this report are based on the Detailed Design Project. The goal of the
project is the construction of a modern six carriageways motorway (three in each direction),
with predicted frequency of traffic from 10,400 vehicles per year in both directions.
Along the section Smokvica-Gevgelija, the right carriageway in direction Gevgelija-Negorci-
Prdejci already has three carriageways, while in direction Negorci-Gevgelija in the total
length of 3,427 km there are only two carriageways and needs to be rehabilitated and
expanded with one more carriageway with width of 2,8 meters in the central reservation of
the motorway, by so obtaining three carriageway motorway. The traffic on this part of the
motorway is performed on total 5 carriageways, except the section in direction south of
village Prdejci to village Negorci, with total length of 1.5 km, which is already expanded and
2Both sections which are subject of preparation of the Environmental protection reports are covered by one main project and
are in length of 6,726 km and 3,427 km, or a total of 10,153 km.
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rehabilitated. The expansion of the right carriageway will be performed on the right side of
River Vardar, including expansion of one bridge on river Mrzenska.
With the construction of one additional leans, not fertile agricultural land will be usurped,
because the expansion will take place in the central reservation between the two road
crossing pavements which is the size of the projected expanding space.
During the analysis of the submitted documentation several inadequacies are identified, lack
of a Final design Project for the section Negorci-Gevgelija, no detailed information available
about the expansion and rehabilitation of the original carriageway, for the right leans of
carriageway section Negorci-Gevgelija, there is a lack of clear quantification of materials
which will be used, precise locations of borrow pits, asphalt and concrete base, landfills,
characteristics and type of machinery and equipment that will be be used in the construction
phase, number of workers and workdays, accurate quantities of waste, lack of monitoring
stations monitoring of air quality in the vicinity of the concerned section resulting in a more
general definition of emissions and potential impacts of pollutants on the environment.
4.2 DESCRIPTION OF THE LOCATION
4.2.1 Macro-location of the location
The location of the project for the expansion of the right carriageway of the motorway A1 (E-
75) Smokvica-Gevgelija is the section Negorci-Gevgelija, which belongs to the area of
Gevgelija.
Gevgelija Municipality is one of the largest municipalities in the country and is located in the
southern part of the country, besides the Vardar valley and Motorway E-75 (trans-Europeancorridor 10). At north and east it is bounded by the municipalities Valandovo and Bogdanci,
on the west by the municipalities Demir Kapija and Kavadarci and on south Machukovo
(Evzoni) in Greece. According to the latest territorial division of 2004, the municipality is
merged of Gevgelija and former municipality Marvinci. Gevgelija municipality covers an area
of 48.5 ha or 485 km2, and its consisted of 17 settlements: Gevgelija, Virgin, Gabrovo,
David, Kovanec, Konsko Miletkovo, Marvinci, Moin, Mrzenci, Negorci, Novo Konsko,
Petrovo, Prdejci Smokvica, Sermenin and Huma. The municipality is a geographically
important "bridge" between Central and Eastern Europe, southern Europe and the Middle
East.
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Figure 1 Location of the Municipality of Gevgelija compared to other municipalities in the Republic of
Macedonia
Thru the municipality of Gevgelija, strategic traffic routes as part of Corridor 10 pass through.
The railway track Thessaloniki-Gevgelija was built in 1873 and it is still the main rail link
between Skopje and Thessaloniki. Across the region of the Municipality Gevelija, the
pipeline Skopje-Thessaloniki route passes.
Gevgelija has short and quick access to two airports-Thessaloniki, which is located only 70
km away and the airport in Skopje, 155 km away.
4.2.2 Micro-location of the location
Planned project activities "Expansion with rehabilitation of the original lane, the right
carriageway of A1 motorway (E75) Smokvica-Gevgelija section Negorci-Gevgelija will be
performed at the location of the existing highway section Negorci-Gevgelija". The Motorway
section passes near the area Mrzenci, at the closest distance of about 200 m.
Near the project area there are no facilities that perform medical, social and educational
activities evidenced.
The expansion of the A1 motorway (E75) Smokvica-Gevgelija the section from overpass at
v.Negorci in the intersection with Gevgelija (right carriageway) belongs to the area of
Municipality of Gevgelija. This section begins at a local direct road with overpass fromhighway A1 (E75) Smokvica-Gevgelija at the entry of v.Negorci (1153+050,94 km) and
continues along the arable land on the right side of the section, ends before the intersection
with Gevgelija city (1156+487,15 km), with a total length of 3,427 km for the section Negorci-
Gevgelija. The region where the motorway A1 (E75) Smokvica-Gevgelija section Negorci-
Gevgelija passes is located north of the city Gevgelija about 2 km from the nearest
settlements Mrzenci, Negorci and Prdejci. The following "Google" figure (Figure 2)shows the
satellite image of the A1 motorway (E75) Smokvica-Gevgelija section Negorci-Gevgelija
which will expand the highway right carriageway towards Gevgelija.
Municipalityof Gevgelija
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Figure 2 Satellite image of the section Negorci-Gevgelija in relation to Gevgelija
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The subjected site is located in the basin of the lower course of the river Vardar, which is
the most important watercourse in R. Macedonia covering 83% of the catchment area of
the state. The project area waste waters drain into the river Vardar surface and
groundwater. Aside the river Vardar, located in distant surroundings of the Motorway, part
of the subjected site is the River Mrzenska as one of its tributaries. Near the villageNegorci there are rich thermo-mineral water springs.
The terrain along the section subject is plain, stretching by the flow of the river Vardar,
which is at a distance of about 700 m (crow flies) in the southern sub-section (near the
area Mrzenci) and 2,5 km from the starting point of the section Negorci-Gevgelija.
In the surrounding area of the sub-section Negorci - Gevgelija, the project consultant
evidenced arable land, farming facilities, greenhouse production, and small industrial
facilities.
Figure 3 Part of the agricultural land and facilities along the section Negorci-Gevgelija, right
carriageway
Nearest settlement near the Motorway A1 (E75) Smokvica-Gevgelija, along the section
Negorci-Gevgelija is Mrzenci, a settlement which is at a distance of about 200 m from thecarriageway right of the motorway.
Figure 4 Settlement Mrzenci near the right carriageway of the motorway Negorci-Gevgelija
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Near the settlement Mrzenci, river Mrzenska at 1155+256.60 km crosses the carriageway,
passing under the bridge which is part of the Motorway (section Negorci-Gevgelija) and
will be expanded towards the central reservation on the right carriageway and the rest of
the section Negorci-Gevgelija. River Mrzenska is usually dried up in the summer months
of the year.
Figure 5 River Mrzenska near the highway section Negorci-Gevgelija
Figure 6Bridge on river Mrzenska
Moving from Negorci to Gevgelija from the elevation 1153 +050,94 km, the right
carriageway has two lanes and left has three lanes. This means expansion will be
performed on the right carriageway one lean in the central reservation of the left
carriageway. This state continues in the full length of 3,427 km, meeting the intersection
of Gevgelija. Between the villages Prdejci and Negorci the carriageway with length of 1,5
km on the motorway is already complete with 6 lanes and on this part no construction
activities will be performed.
The next figure presents the location of the section Negorci-Gevgelija in terms of
surrounding settlements Negorci, Mrzenci and city of Gevgelija.
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Figure 7 Location of section Negorci (1153 +050.49)-Gevgelija (1156 +487.15)
The entire territory of the section Negorci-Gevgelija belongs to the Municipality of
Gevgelija.
Mrzenci
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4.3 Technical-technological description of the activity
4.3.1 Technical-technological description of the project
The project activity envisages extension with reconstruction of the existing carriageway,
right carriageway of the Motorway A1 (E75), Smokvica-Gevgelija, section Negorci -
Gevgelija, ie another lane to an existing five-lane Motorway will be constructed as an
addition in order to get full Motorway with six lanes in both directions (three lanes in
direction).
This is the last non-extended section of the existing Motorway A1 (E-75), passing through
Republic of Macedonia and connects Republic of Serbia with Republic of Greece, bearing
in mind that the construction of the remaining section Demir Kapija-Smokvica is ongoing.
The realization of the project will enable faster and safer transportation from Central
Europe to Greece, Turkey and the Middle East, as it will be linked to "Via Egnatia" (east-
west) Motorway in Greece.
Motorway section Negorci-Gevgelija, is the last section of the Motorway Smokvica-
Gevgelija which is not extended or reconstructed, passes through a flat valley area near
the river Vardar. The total length of the respective section Negorci-Gevgelija (km 1144
+280,00-km in 1156 +487.15) the total length of the right carriageway that will be extend
is 3,427 km.
Figure 8 Part of the motorway A1 (75), section Negorci - Gevgelija
Currently traffic from the right side towards Negorci-Gevgelija takes place on two lanes
with a width of 3,75 m on each lane. This situation persists in length of 3,427 km, until just
before Gevgelija.
With the construction of additional lane, no agricultural land will be usurped, because theconstruction will take place in the central reservation between two road pavements which
is projected expanding space.
Based on the obtained data and technical documentation, the section Negorci-Gevgelija
as part of the A1 the motorway (E-75) Smokvic-Gevgelija (project 1999), defines the main
project / construction activities necessary to expand the right carriageway of the motorway
section Negorci-Gevgelija that could have a positive or negative impact on the individual
elements of the environment.
The project envisages expansion with rehabilitation of the original carriageway or right
lane of the motorway A1 (E75) Smokvic-Gevgelija, section Negorci-Gevgelija starting at
the overpass near the v. Negorci until the intersection entry to Gevgelija. The expansion
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of the third lane will have a width of 2,8 m and will be constructed in the central
reservation of the motorway between the two carriageways (km +050,94-km in 1153
+487.15 1156), as well as demolishion of the right carriageway from the bridge crossing
over river Mrzenska and construction of an expanded bridge with three lanes in the
direction towards Gevgelija. The total width of the section provided for the expansion ofthe third lane in the direction Negorci-Gevgelija is 11 m.
The total width of the three lanes, after the extension is projected to reach 11 meters,
carriageway composed of 2 lanes per 3.75 m, 2 edge lanes of half a meter, stopping
lanes in width of 2.5 meters and central reservation of 4 meters. In total, with the
carriageway from the opposite direction, the motorway will have a width of 26 meters.
The average calculated vehicle moving speed is 120 km/h. On the motorway around
4.200 vehicles pass via the motorway, mostly passenger vehicles around 70% The
maximum longitudinal slope of the motorway is 4%, meaning it has natural drainage
slope, releasing the motorway from the drain water directly into the drainage atmospherewater system, placed in the central reservation of the road.
In the preparatory phase, before starting of the construction works, samples will be taken
and an analysis of the existing materials from which the Motorway is constructed will be
conducted, taking into account the thickness of the asphalt layer, the protective layer
against sliding on the road, the thickness of granulation chorused stone layer that is
applied under the asphalt, reinforced concrete structural base of the over and underpass
and bridge on river Mrzenska. This will provide data on the current state of the section
and materials which will be used for construction of a new lane, new bridge on river
Mrzenska, as well as the reconstruction of the existing lanes of the carriageway
During the site visit, conducted on 30.05.2013 by the expert team, the locations of the
constituent elements of the Motorway along the section were determined:
On-the motorway Negorci Gevgelija registered two overpasses, an overpass at
the village Negorci 1153 +501 km and overpass at the village Mrzenci 1154 +773
km. There are no planned construction activities on natpatnicite, they are in good
condition and on them will only take basic precautions in the performance of
construction work the motorway.
Evidenced one underpass on (1155 256 km) on the motorway after v. Mrzenci
near the local road Vardar Hill. This underpass is used mostly by farmers andshepherds for transporting goods and animals from one end to another. Through
this underpass passenger and vehicles rarely circulate, mostly tractors or other
agricultural machinery when passing to the other end for cultivation of agricultural
areas. No construction works are planned for the underpass just taking the
necessary measures to maintain the levees and structures in the construction of
the new lane.
Near the overpass at the village Negorci at about 250 m distance a structure is
built on the motorway known as discharge. It is a reinforced concrete structure that
collects the system of canals for drainage pipes. Situated on 1.153.766 km on theoutlet, no construction activities and planned within this project because it has
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already been built with consideration for the merger of the third extended lane of
carriageway. The next photo shows the layout of the outlet village near the
overpass Negorci.
Figure 9 Discharge to atmosphere drain water near v. Negorci
The infrastructure along the highway Negorci-Gevgelija immediately after the
overpass near the village Mrzenci on 1155 256 km is the bridge on the river.
Mrzenska consists of two lanes with an average width of 12,9 m for each lane,
built as a flat plate with three connections for highway, with wing walls and
upgrades, enclosed by fencing specific. Built perpendicular to the river bed without
additional regulation of the river, but believes that this is necessary because the
river for most of the year is dried up.
Due to the dilapidation of the bridges and the weak structure, unsuitable for the planned
extension and reconstruction, the bridge on river Mrzenska will be demolished and in their
placed a new bridge with three lanes in addition of the motorway will be reconstructed.
The fence of the bridges called "New Jersey" will be demolished and re-assembled.
Figure 10 Bridge on river Mrzenska
The demolition of the bridges will be performed by using heavy machinery, excavators
and drillers, without using explosives. Then, additional excavation of about 6.500 m3 of
earth will be performed, in order to make the space from the river beds that are required
for setting the foundations for the new bridges. After that, the concrete and reinforcedconcrete works with a total volume of 2.000 m3 of concrete and iron reinforcement
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weighing 16 t will be conducted. In addition, the preparatory works, placement of the
crushed stone and asphalting will continue in the same manner as at the motorway, with
the only difference in the asphalt layer, which at the bridges has a thickness of 8 cm. This
would include an extension of the drainage system, building of the structure and laying
the pipes on the motorway, construction of sidewalks and fencing of the bridges. At theend, testing of the new bridges in terms of load, weight load of the structure and surface
friction load on the bridge will be performed.
The systems for drainage of storm water that are collected on the motorway during rain
are set in the middle of the central reservation in the form of a network of canals,
collection sumps, pipes for conveying water and storm water culverts, through which
without no previous treatment water is discharged in the vicinity and in the beds of the
river Mrzenska. The following figures show the layout of the drainage systems on the
motorway.
Figure 11 Systems of canals for drainage on the motorway
In the middle of the central reservation, cement canals with a width of 50 cm are built,
which collect water and brings it to a collective manhole on every hundred meters.
Drainage systems are currently in poor condition due to the dilapidation and irregular
maintenance, part of the manholes and pipes are clogged by debris from vegetation
(leaves, grass and soil) that f low in the canals, therefore there is flooding of the motorway
during the heavy rains.
4.3.2 Project activities
The planned activities are extension with reconstruction of the existing carriageway of the
Motorway A1 (E75) Smokvica-Gevgelija, i.e. extension of the left carriageway of the
section Smokvica-Prdejci and right carriageway of the section Negorci-Gevgelija, with
special reference to the above mentioned existing structures on and around the
motorway. The reconstruction includes set of preparatory works that will ensure
uninterrupted operations and that in terms of protecting the environment and the
occupational health and safety of the workers and the traffic participants are of great
importance.
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4.3.2.1 Preparatory works
Marking and securing of the alignment- before the commencement of the civil works
envisaged in the main design, the first thing that needs to be done is marking and
securing of the alignments of the envisaged roads with all signs for traffic safety,
adjustment of the speed of to the road conditions and traffic diversion.
Clearing of the alignment of rubble, trees and roots-because the road extension will
take place in the central reservation through the middle of the motorway, clearing along
the green central reservation in length of 3,427 km will be made. Then, the protective
fencing and plants along the construction site will be removed. Because it is a vegetation
consisting of plants, grass, stubs and oleanders along the central reservation, no heavy
machinery for clearing the ground the ground, except hand saws, trimmers and scythes,
rakes and other hand tools.
Demolition of existing structures along the section-this work includes excavation and
dismounting of traffic signs, gutters, concrete channels, man holes, demolition of bricks,
stone or concrete walls (in amount of 40 m3), demolition of the existing carriageway
constructions, removal of kerbs, demolition of fences, buildings, existing flat culverts, pipe
culverts and their entry and exit heads and/or any other obstacles that could in any way
impede the construction.
4.3.2.2 Substructure
Scraping of the existing asphalt-to provide comprehensive reconstruction and merging
the new with the existing carriageway lanes and correction of the damage that occurred
with the continuous attrition and weathering, the surface layer of the asphalt along theproject section will be removed, with a thickness of 0-3 cm, 3-6 cm, >6 cm, determined by
the construction experts, with a total area of 15.428 m2.
Excavation of humus-this work encompasses the surface excavation of the humus
performed during the wide excavation of the alignment for the extension with the third
lane in total amount of 17.000 m3. Next, excavation of earth in a wide ditch in amount of
50.300 m3 will be made and compression of the formed broad plateau. After that, the
surface and the substructure with an area of about 155.398 m2 will be performed, with
construction of enhanced base from earth of about 30.000 m3. Once all of the construction
works will be completed, the central reservation will be restored and the excavated humus
and soil will be reused for filling the holes and damages in the project area disposal of the
earth works.
Subgrade-is a natural layer of soil on which the foundations of the embankments will be
placed. Works for construction of the subrage include compaction, possible excavation for
drying or suppression of the natural soil layer for gaining a thickness determined by the
design of about 30 cm. If the composition of the soil-subgrade is such that it prevents the
fulfilment of the criteria established with standards (saturated soil, mud, soil with organic
materials etc.) it will be necessary to prepare the subgrade which would be consistent
with the design criteria.
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along the motorway. The drainage system will be constructed of materials with the same
quality and features as the already renovated drainage system where construction has
been completed. The system will be consisted of collecting canals that will go in the
middle of the central reservation in width of 50 cm. Around them, the earth will make
natural filtration and the water will be able to dive to the layer of crushed stone, which iswith larger granulation of the grains, and will serve as a filter material so the water can
easily flow to the pickup polyethylene pipe, with an average diameter of 250 mm,
perforated on the upper side. In this way, the storm water will be successfully collected
and drained. The tube will be placed in the appropriate base canal with a width of about
100-130 cm, which at the bottom will be placed in sand with thickness of 5 cm.
Imperforated half of the pipe will then be incorporated into the concrete MB-20 to provide
a solid structure to further protect the system from external influences such as vibrations,
various pests etc. The following figure shows the cross section of the motorway drainage
system.
Figure 12 Cross section of the motorway drainage system
4.3.2.3 Superstructure
Construction of sub-base layer of buffer -after completion of the construction works
and preparation of surface, the layer of crushed stone-feldspar with thickness of 35 cm
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will be placed, with different grain size, which will serve as a basis for compaction in total
amount of 9.000 m3which will prevent collapsing of the highway.
Construction of bitumen bearing layer-then, over the tampon layer a layer of
bituminous mixture, BNS 32 YA with thickness of 13 cm on an area of about 106.000 m2
will be applied. The modern top supportive bases made of bitumen granulated stonematerial, produced in an asphalt base using Czech procedure, are defined with the
standard MKS U.E9.021/86. The production and implementation if the asphalt mixes BNS
is done during favourable climactic conditions, without rainfalls and when the surface
temperature and the air temperature (without wind) is above +5C. Standard stone
aggregates, send, connective substance - bitumen and filler are used as basic materials
for the production of asphalt mixes for BNS.
Construction of final layer of asphalt concrete-over the bituminous layer, after fine
compaction, asphalt layer in thickness of 6 cm will be layered, which will be further
physically processed against weathering during usage. The asphalt concrete3 will be
applied as final wear courses on the carriageway constructions. The construction of
asphalt concretes includes: supply of standard stone pebbles, connective substance
(bitumen), production, transport and implementation of the asphalt concrete mix in the
final layer of the carriageway construction.
The following figure shows the schematic procedure of application of all layers of the
superstructure and bringing it to the final stage of the motorway.
Figure 13 Scheme of the asphalting and the thickness of the layers
After completing the procedures for coating the road, the road will be marked,
carriageway lanes will be drawn and the protective metal or concrete embankments and
fences will be placed, on the places where it is required by the project, which would
secure the road from illegal crossing of the surrounding people or animals and protection
from possible sliding from the road vehicles moving at inappropriate speeds and/or during
worsened road conditions.
3The production and implementation are defined with MKS U.E4.014/90.
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4.3.2.4 Temporary diversion including traffic management
The reconstruction and extension of the motorway A1 (E75) will be done in phases:
1. During the construction of the right carriageway of the motorway, the traffic will
flow continuously but with a reduced speed due to the presence of machinery. The
method for traffic redirection and signalization and equipment is given on the
following figure.
Figure 14 The method for traffic redirection and signalization and equipment during construction of
the rightcarriageway
2. On the locations where the newly designed carriageway overlaps the existing one,
the existing road will be extended from the left and right side. If the existing road isextended at the same time when the new carriageway is being built, the
construction site will encompass a part of the carriageway (about 1.2m) and so the
free driving surface will be 6.5m wide. The traffic here will be two way with a speed
limit of 60 km/h. The maximal length of the site will be 0.5km. The method for
traffic redirection and signalization and equipment is given on the following figure.
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Figure 15The method for traffic redirection and signalization and equipment on the locations where the newly designed carriageway over laps the existing
one
Figure 16 The necessary signalling machinery and the places where the new road crosses from left to right
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3. When the new carriageway passes from the left to the right side, the construction
site encompasses half of the existing carriageway. On the free driving surface with
a width of 3.5m the traffic will be one way and the other way will flow when the one
way is being stopped. The regulation will be manual. The allowed speed is
40km/h. The length of the construction site is 200m. The necessary signalisationand equipment is given on the next figure.
4.After the construction of the new carriageway the existing road will be rehabilitated
and extended. The traffic, before the start of the construction site, will be
redirected along the new carriageway. The new carriageway is with a width of 11.0
m or two driving lanes and a stopping lane and a speed limit of 120 km/h. The
traffic will flow in two directions with a speed limit if 60 km/h. The method for traffic
redirection and signalization and equipment is given on the next figure.
Figure 17 The method for traffic redirection and signalisation and equipment during
reconstruction and extension of the existing road
4.3.3 Equipment, means of transportation and machinery
For uninterrupted realization of the process of extension and reconstruction of the
carriageway lane on the section Negorci-Gevgelija, the following mechanization isneeded:
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No Type of equipment
1. Finishers on caterpillars
2. Rollers with tires
3. Finishers on wheels
4. Vibratory roller for asphalt
5. Vibratory roller for earth
6. rotary mixer
7. Milling of asphalt and concrete
The following figure shows some of the equipment and machinery that will be used for the
extension and reconstruction of the carriageway.
Figure 18 Some of the equipment and machinery that will be used for the extension and
reconstruction of the carriageway
4.4 Raw and auxiliary materials
For the construction of all envisaged activities, new materials will be needed.
In the main project, which is the basis for the preparation of the Environmental Protection
Report, the type and quantity of the materials which will be used in the construction phase,
the source for supply and the location (as borrow pits, concrete base, facilities for crushing
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the aggregate, fuel stations, water supply, asphalt, etc.), temporary storage and
management of the project area etc. are not precisely defined4.
Also, there is no data in the Main project related to the use of labour, accommodation of
the workers and working conditions, in particular the number of employees, location of
camps for workers, working days/shifts, hours, water for sanitation, waste water
management, waste management, etc. The need for labour will be determined based on
the preliminary data for construction/rehabilitation, assessment of the intensity of the work
and the available labour in the companies engaged.
The transport of the excavated material will be performed by road, using the existing roads.
For reconstruction of the existing carriageway, the same way of transport for the
construction materials will be used.
In the main project, also, the place for disposing of the waste material is not defined 5.
All the above missing data in the main project will be provided by the contractor engagedto carry out the construction works on the basis of a tender.
Some data available in the basic project related to the types of building materials,
anticipated amounts and supply are presented in the following table.
Table 1 List of materials which will be used during the construction activities
Type of construction
and additional materials
Source Quantity Unit Storage area Remarks
Asphalt Asphalt
base
Not defined in this
phase
m3 Not defined in
this phase
The data will be
provided by the
Contractor6
Sand and gravel Provider -//- m3 -//- -//-
Cement Provider -//- m3 -//- -//-
Concrete Concrete
base
-//- m3 -//- -//-
Metal Provider -//- m3 -//- -//-
Plastic Provider -//- m3 -//- -//-
Insulating materials Provider -//- m -//- -//-
Welding materials Provider -//- m -//- -//-
Electronic devices Provider -//- m -//- -//-
Paints and coatings Provider -//- m3 -//- -//-
Oil Provider -//- m3 -//- -//-
Water Provider -//- m3 -//- -//-
4All the above data missing in main project will be provided in the detailed design, prepared by a contractor, engaged to carry
out construction work on the basis of activities defined in the tender documentation.
The final design will define the type of material, quantity, location of the borrow pits for materials, concrete and asphalt base,
a way of delivery and transportation etc.. If there is a need for setting a concrete and asphalt base and also form borrow pits
for materials only for the project within the project area, in that case the Contractor will prepare appropriate documentation to
protect the environment upon which he will obtain permit for working.5
The locations for disposal of the waste generated in the construction phase will be defined in the final design.6Contractors will be obligated to prepare Project for executing of the works, which will define the quality, sources of supply of
raw materials, management etc.
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Water supply will be made with bottled water and by using tanks to carry water to meet
the sanitary needs of workers.
The required amount of water depends on the workload and the weather conditions, and
thats why it cannot be accurately determines the consumption of drinking water and
water for sanitation needs. Also, water will be required for spraying the access roads and
washing the machines. The required amounts of technical water cannot be determined at
this stage.
The working activities on the local road will be carried out only during the day so as not to
use electricity for lighting of the section.
The construction machinery will use diesel as fuel, in amounts that will depend on the
dynamics of the construction activities
As auxiliary materials for the extension and reconstruction of the section will be used:
Fuel;
Motor oil for the mechanization;
Lubricating oils for the mechanization etc.
The total amount of these auxiliary materials cannot be determined and will depend on
the pace and workload.
Other auxiliary materials that will be used during the extension and reconstruction are:
pipes, tires, spare parts for the machinery etc. Their volume cannot be accurately
determined at this stage.
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5 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT AROUND THE PROJECT AREA
The activities of the project "extension with reconstruction of the existing carriageway,
right carriageway of the Motorway A1 (E75), Smokvica-Gevgelija, section Negorci-
Gevgelija" will take place at the location of the existing motorway section near settlements
Negorci and Mrzenci. Closest settlement near motorway A1 (E75) along the section
Negorci-Gevgelija is v.Mrzenci, which is at a distance of about 200 m from the respective
section of the highway. Along the motorway route, several buildings, agricultural crops,
greenhouses and dry land have been evidenced.
Near the project area there are no facilities that perform medical, social and educational
activities registered.
5.1 Geological characteristics of the terrain
The geology of the wider area generally is represented by:
Unbounded rocky masses
The part of the quarterly-alluvial sediments belongs to this group: sands and gravels,
diverse granulate with singles.
Half-bounded rocky masses
Clayey and dusty materials from the quarterly-alluvial sediments belong to this group.
They are characterized by lower representation in the narrower and the wider area.
Tied petrified rocky masses
The parent rocky masses that are from Triassic and Jurassic age belong to this group.
These are quarterly-alluvial sediments and have good physical and mechanical properties
with good bearing characteristics.
In most of the motorway route and beyond, parent rock mass are the diabases, which
build up the largest component of Paleorelief and alluvial sediments along the river
Vardar. The diabases are characterized by good physical and mechanical properties, and
good bearing characteristics.
The largest area around the motorway is represented by diabases rock, expressing the
paleo landscape along the Vardar river bank.
Diabases have good mechanical characteristics and serve as well underbase and
foundation for construction of roads.
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Figure 19Geological map of the area (Negorci-Gevgelija)
5.2 Hydro-geological characteristics of the terrain
Represented litho logical members, according to their hydro-geological function can be
divided into: hydro geological collectors, hydro geological conductors and hydro
geological insulators.
According to the hydrodynamic characteristics and the conditions that are dominant in thistype of aquifers environments, a compact formations with free level of groundwater was
developed.
Aquifer is formed in the terraces of river Vardar and it nourishes from the rainfall, and also
has direct transmissibility of river Vardar. As for the groundwater level, it ranges from 4.0
m to 10.0 m and has small fluctuations. According to yield, the ground belongs to the
group of fields with good yield.
Because of the unbounded litho logical units registered with depths over 10 m and their
collection characteristics, hydro geological parameters of the groundwater are with high
values.
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Hydro-geological collectors
Sands and gravels belong to this group , which have a coefficient of filtration from n x 10-2
m/s to n x 10-5m/s.
They developed well with free groundwater level and it is compact type.
Hydro-geological conductors
Clayey and dusty materials belong to this group, with a coefficient of filtration from n x 10-5
m/s to n x 10-7 m/s.
Hydro-geological insulators
Dusts and clays belong to this group, which are featured with good density and plasticity
and firmly bound petrified rock masses-diabases and they are with waterproof barrier and
have insulating capabilities. The coefficient ranges from n x 10-7m/s to n x 10-9m/s.
With the construction activities, the hydraulic characteristics of the environment will not be
changed.
Figure 20Hydro-geological map of the wider area
5.3 Categorization of ground by engineering-geological features
Based on the features presented in the field of geological engineering-geological and
hydro geological characteristics of the terrain, it belongs to the following categories,
according to construction standards, G.N.200:
Part of sandy-gravel materials with clay binder of alluvial and Proluvial sediments, they
belong to category III, mining can be done manually or with easy machinery
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Part of tightly bound petrified rock masses-diabases that are on the ground, belonging to
category VI and VII. Partitioning is done by machines but only in surface areas with
explosives into the deeper parts.
5.4 Geomorphological characteristics
Field, geo-morphological represents a plane, which is part of Gevgelisko field. North and
east is the plain of transitions and rocks from Trijaska and Jurska age. The terrain is
characterized by disaggregated morphology. Most of the alluvial proslojci is located on
the western peripheral parts on the valley of rivers Sermeninska, Kovanska, Zuica and
Old River, which are characteristic for the tributaries of the right bank of the river Vardar.
On both sides of the river Vardar, in the lowest parts of the valley has a large area
covered with tiered storage material. Tectonics units the field, mostly associated with
Alpine and Hercins orogenesis. The field belongs to the Vardar geotectonic unit, where
not registered tectonic appearances and processes.
5.5 Pedological characteristics
The presence and distribution of soil types in the highway corridor is given according to
village "Soils of the Republic of Macedonia" (Filipovich 1997-2004). Along the Vardar
River alluvial soils are distributed in the middle part of the valley which extends to 100 m
asl The layers of this soil are well aligned. They are water permeable, and have good
capacity for water leakage. Alluvial soils containing low humus (below 1%) There are
many types of alluvial soil depending on certain special features. Such variations are
sorted alluvial fine carbonates, shallow alluvial soil of gravel material, alluvial soil,
covered. The most common are alluvial fine sorted carbonates, alluvial shallow soil of
gravel material, alluvial soil, covered. The most common are sorted fine alluvial soils,
alluvial covered soil. The most common are fine sorted alluvial soils. Anthropogenic soils
are distributed in the agricultural area of the highway, because their genesis is exclusively
associated with anthropogenic activities. Rigosolite is soil that is formed by human
intervention in grape trees and orchards.
5.6 Characteristics of the landscape
Based on the features presented in the field of geological engineering-geological and
hydro geological characteristics of the terrain, it belongs to the following categories,
according to construction standards, G.N.200:
Part of sandy-clay materials gravel binder of alluvial and proluvial sediments belong to
category III, mining can be done manually or with machines easier.
Part of tightly bound petrified rock masses-diabases that are on the ground, belonging to
category VI and VII. Partitioning is done by machines but only in surface areas with
explosives into the deeper parts.
The project area is a landscape unit under strong anthropogenic influence. It is flat and
fertile area where are performed intensive agricultural activities. Characteristic feature of
this landscape unit is the presence of human settlements and commercial complexes.
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Figure 21Hill Mrzenci near v. Mrzenci
5.7 Permanent Water Resources
Rational use, maintenance and protection of water resources are the basis for the
Sustainable Development of Society. Watersheds of rivers, reservoirs, lakes, springs and
groundwater, i.e. all water resources as basis for water supply, industry, energy and
irrigation, are exposed to polluting processes. Surface waters are contaminated by direct
discharge of effluents from sediments, and groundwater pollution indirectly, as a result of
seepage of pollutants in soil.
The territory of the municipality Gevgelija lies of the basin of the lower course of the river
Vardar, which is the most important watercourse that drains surrounding surface water
and groundwater. Vardar River is at a distance of about 700 m (airline) in the southernsection (near the area Mrzenci) and 2,5 km from the starting point of the section Negorci-
Gevgelija. Larger streams flow into the river Vardar such as: Dry, Horse, Mrzenska,
Kovanska, Zuica, Petrushka and river Javorica. Tributaries of age are relatively small
because some of them through the dry summer, as exemplified by Mrzenska river that
passes under the respective section of highway Negorci-Gevgelija.
Figure 22River Mrzenska dries out during the summer period
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The territory of the municipality is characterized by a lack of spring and groundwater. The
average yield of the springs ranges from 1 to 3 l / sec, and sources with higher yield are
observed.
Near the Project area, section Negorci-Gevgelija, pipelines of water supply systems,
systems of irrigation with different diameter pipes and sewage pipes are passing underthe motorway. (Figure 23).
Figure 23 Location of water supply, irrigation and gas pipeline, passing under the motorway
The municipality has rich sources of mineral and thermal water. One of the most famous
mineral water springs are located in the tourist site Smrdliva water (Figure 25 a.) With a
yield of 0,2 l / sec, temperature 110 C and Mineral Water with yield of 1 l / sec and a
temperature of 4C. While the Negorska spa only 4 km from Gevgelija and near the
village Smokvica are rich sources of thermal water. In Negorska spa (Figure 24, B) Hyper-
thermal there are two natural springs, with temperatures of 41C and 36C, and thermal
blato with a temperature of 400C.
a. Spa Negorci b. Smrdliva Voda
Figure 24Thermo- mineral springs near Negorci
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The hydro graphic structure of the extended area includes reservoirs in Bogorodica, after
that Toplec, DOS and other.
Figure 25Water-economy areas in the Republic of Macedonia
In accordance with the Spatial Plan of the Republic of Macedonia, 2004 and the National
Water Strategy 2012-2040, adopted in 2012 in the wider environment of the project area
is planned construction of hydropower plants and Gjavato Gevgelija.
Figure 26 Existing and planned hydro - power plants7
7Source: National Water Strategy
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5.8 Climatic characteristics of the area
The climate in Municipality of Gevgelija is characterized as continental and
Mediterranean, which throughout the year is characterized with very warm days.
Gevgelija has more than 240 sunny days per year, with an annual amount of 2,392 sunny
hours, one of the largest in the country.The average annual temperature is 15.7C for 2007; the average annual minimum
temperature is 4.2C in the winter months, while the average maximum annual
temperature is 28.6C.
Table 2Average temperature values in Municipality of Gevgelija
2007 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Average
Gevgelija 7,4 7,7 10,6 14,7 20 25,5 28,6 26,7 20,1 14,9 8,1 4,2 15,7
The highest maximum temperature was measured in July 2004, 44.6 C, and the lowest,from -16 C were measured in December 1999. The average annual amount of
precipitation is 649 mm/m3. The biggest quantity of rain falls in the months from October
to November, while the most arid are July and August. Average number of days with
snow cover is 4, and 7 days with fog. The average relative humidity is 69%. Humidity
decreases from January to August, and then again has a tendency to increase.
Most characteristic for this region are winds. Due to its geographic location and because
of the natural characteristics of the location could be found constant air flow in different
directions. The most important are winds Vardarec and South. Vardarec occurs from
north, south and southeast direction and blowing through the year, more frequently in
winter months (224 ). During the winter the Vardares decrease the temperature and in
summer increases the evaporation. The South wind is hot and usually blows mostly in
spring and in autumn. Along the Sermeninska and Samovilska river from Kozuf in
summer and winter months blows northwest wind with maximum frequency of 136 . The
Southeast wind with frequency of 101 and the south wind with frequency of 73 . The
average wind speed is about 5.5 m/s. The distribution of wind (wind rose) is given in the
figure below.
In the projected area the wind has annual average speed of 5.6 m/s calculated at 100 m
above ground.
During the winter months, more frequent are north winds, which are sudden and strongly
influence the meteorological conditions. In summer there is a circular spatial movement of
marine winds caused by day while at night occurs north wind is steady. From the eastern
parts, and the mountains that stretch on west occurs "nozzle effect" effect of jet that also
boosts airflow.
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Figure 27Climatic map of the Republic of Macedonia
Figure 28Rose of winds
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5.9 Existing road and communal infrastructure
Across the territory of Municipality of Gevgelija passes trans-European highway E75 (part
of Corridor 10), which begins in Helsinki, passes through Germany and Czech Republic,
then across Macedonia and Gevgelija and on south ends in Greece Republic. Highway
(Figure 30) allows quick access to Skopje and the big Balkan trade and port center ofThessaloniki. Very important is the position of the border with Greece, also as the
possibilities for locating of the commercial facilities that require transport of raw materials
and products, and the nearby port of Thessaloniki is a significant advantage.
Figure 29Part of the motorway 1 (75) near Gevgelija
Geographical position of the Municipality of Gevgelija through which passes the more
frequent road in the country, the magisterial road E-75, an important factor for local
economic development, especially the transit tourism, in which a central position has the
city of Gevgelija and crossing border Bogorodica.
Upon construction of the motorway Demir Kapija-Gevgelija, still remains the extension
with the rehabilitation of existing lane, another section Smokvica-Gevgelija.
The local road network in the Municipality Gevgelija is relatively good. The total length of
roads is 65 km, of which 63% are paved. The total length of bridges on local roads is 174
m. The regional road links are good and all 17 settlements in the municipality are properlyconnected to the road network and are in good condition.
Road line infr
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