AlcoaAlcoaBusiness Services CenterBusiness Services Center
Pittsburgh, PennsylvaniaPittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Efficiency Considerations for
Modern DesignGeoffrey E. Measel – Structural Option 2004 Senior Thesis
Alcoa Business Services Center Alcoa Business Services Center Geoffrey Measel - StructuralGeoffrey Measel - Structural
IntroductionIntroductionThesis researchThesis research
•Structural Depth•Alternate Floor Systems
•Alternate Foundation Systems
•Core Framing For UFADS
•Mechanical Breadth•Under Floor Air Distribution System
•Construction Breadth•Direct Cost Of Each System
•Overall Building Cost
•Schedule Impact
Alcoa Business Services Center Alcoa Business Services Center Geoffrey Measel - StructuralGeoffrey Measel - Structural
IntroductionIntroductionPresentation OutlinePresentation Outline
Introduction Structural Depth
– Alternate Floors– Alternate Foundation– Building Impacts
Mechanical Breadth– Under Floor Redesign
Construction Management Conclusions Questions
Alcoa Business Services Center Alcoa Business Services Center Geoffrey Measel - StructuralGeoffrey Measel - Structural
IntroductionIntroductionProject PlayersProject Players
General Contractor: PJ Dick Inc.
Construction Manager: PJ Dick Inc.
Architects: Primary: Pfaffmann & Associates Interior: IKM Inc.
Engineers:Structural: Atlantic Engineering ServicesMechanical: Ray Engineering Electrical: Hornfeck Engineering, Inc. Site Consultant:
Civil & Environmental Consultants Inc.
Owner: Jackson Row Holdings C/O The Rubinoff Company
Alcoa Business Services Center Alcoa Business Services Center Geoffrey Measel - StructuralGeoffrey Measel - Structural
IntroductionIntroductionLocationLocation
Alcoa Business Services Center Alcoa Business Services Center Geoffrey Measel - StructuralGeoffrey Measel - Structural
IntroductionIntroductionBuilding StatisticsBuilding Statistics
Function Types:Function Types: Multi-tenant officeMulti-tenant office Ground Floor Retail Ground Floor Retail Underground Parking GarageUnderground Parking Garage
Size: Size: 228,500 NRSF228,500 NRSF 6 Stories6 Stories
Cost Information:Cost Information: Overall Cost: $26 millionOverall Cost: $26 million $19.3 million (excluding tenant fit-out work)$19.3 million (excluding tenant fit-out work)
Delivery Method: Delivery Method: Design-Bid-Build with CM at RiskDesign-Bid-Build with CM at Risk
Alcoa Business Services Center Alcoa Business Services Center Geoffrey Measel - StructuralGeoffrey Measel - Structural
StructuralStructuralEXISTING STEEL FRAMINGEXISTING STEEL FRAMING
Alcoa Business Services Center Alcoa Business Services Center Geoffrey Measel - StructuralGeoffrey Measel - Structural
StructuralStructuralexisting core framingexisting core framing
Alcoa Business Services Center Alcoa Business Services Center Geoffrey Measel - StructuralGeoffrey Measel - Structural
Presentation OutlinePresentation Outline Introduction Structural Depth
– Alternate Floors– Alternate Foundation– Building Impacts
Mechanical Breadth– Under Floor Redesign
Construction Management Conclusions Questions
Alcoa Business Services Center Alcoa Business Services Center Geoffrey Measel - StructuralGeoffrey Measel - Structural
StructuralStructuralfloor re-designfloor re-design
Existing Composite Existing Composite My Existing (Control for Study)My Existing (Control for Study) Percentage CompositePercentage Composite
– ShoredShored– UnshoredUnshored– CamberedCambered
Non-CompositeNon-Composite JoistsJoists Pre-Cast ConcretePre-Cast Concrete
Alcoa Business Services Center Alcoa Business Services Center Geoffrey Measel - StructuralGeoffrey Measel - Structural
StructuralStructuralfloor re-designfloor re-design
System Comparison
6.788.07 7.68
6.44 6.137.18
8.68
3.47 3.9 3.813 3.31 3.35
4.69
6.065.87
02468
10
Exi
stin
g
My
Exi
stin
g
Co
mp
osi
teU
nS
ho
red
(70
%)
Co
mp
osi
tesh
ore
d(1
00
%)
Co
mp
osi
teC
am
be
red
Pre
cast
Jois
ts
No
nco
mp
osi
te
Va
lue
/sq
. ft
Steel Weight/ sq. ft
Steel Cost/sq. ft
Floor Framing Comparison
Alcoa Business Services Center Alcoa Business Services Center Geoffrey Measel - StructuralGeoffrey Measel - Structural
StructuralStructuralFoundation Re-designFoundation Re-design
7.5” Diameter Mini-Pile7.5” Diameter Mini-Pile– Pall =(.4 to .5) Fy As + (.35 to .45) F’c Ac Pall =(.4 to .5) Fy As + (.35 to .45) F’c Ac
Fy =Yield Stress of Steel Casing (80ksi)Fy =Yield Stress of Steel Casing (80ksi) As =Cross-sectional area of steel casing (7.86 in2)As =Cross-sectional area of steel casing (7.86 in2) F’c =28 day Compressive Strength of grout (4000 psi)F’c =28 day Compressive Strength of grout (4000 psi) Ac =Cross-Sectional area of grout (35.78 inAc =Cross-Sectional area of grout (35.78 in22))
Mini-Piles
150 Ton Capacity
300 Piles
Existing Auger Cast Piles
95 Ton Capacity
374 Piles
Alcoa Business Services Center Alcoa Business Services Center Geoffrey Measel - StructuralGeoffrey Measel - Structural
StructuralStructuralCore Re-DesignCore Re-Design
Existing Core Framing Existing Core Framing My Existing (Control for Study)My Existing (Control for Study) Raised Floor FramingRaised Floor Framing Beam Raised FloorBeam Raised Floor Raised Core FramingRaised Core Framing
Alcoa Business Services Center Alcoa Business Services Center Geoffrey Measel - StructuralGeoffrey Measel - Structural
StructuralStructuralCore Re-DesignCore Re-Design
Existing Core Framing
Alcoa Business Services Center Alcoa Business Services Center Geoffrey Measel - StructuralGeoffrey Measel - Structural
StructuralStructuralCore Re-DesignCore Re-Design
Raised Floor Core
24” Raised Tate Access Floor
Alcoa Business Services Center Alcoa Business Services Center Geoffrey Measel - StructuralGeoffrey Measel - Structural
structuralstructuralCore Re-DesignCore Re-Design
Beam Raised Floor
W21X44 with Slab
Alcoa Business Services Center Alcoa Business Services Center Geoffrey Measel - StructuralGeoffrey Measel - Structural
StructuralStructuralCore Re-DesignCore Re-Design
Raised Core Framing
Alcoa Business Services Center Alcoa Business Services Center Geoffrey Measel - StructuralGeoffrey Measel - Structural
StructuralStructuralCore Re-DesignCore Re-Design
Raised Core Framing
Option 2 Option 1
Alcoa Business Services Center Alcoa Business Services Center Geoffrey Measel - StructuralGeoffrey Measel - Structural
StructuralStructuralCore Re-DesignCore Re-Design
Core Comparisons
5.05 5.28 5.337.16
5.41
8.8010.56 10.83
14.18
11.05
0.002.004.006.008.00
10.0012.0014.0016.00
AES Existing My Exsiting Raised Floor Beam RaisedFloor
Raised Core
Val
ue/
Sq
. ft
Steel Cost per Sq. ft
Steel W eight per Sq. ft
Core Framing Comparison
Alcoa Business Services Center Alcoa Business Services Center Geoffrey Measel - StructuralGeoffrey Measel - Structural
Presentation OutlinePresentation Outline Introduction Structural Depth
– Alternate Floors– Alternate Foundation– Building Impacts
Mechanical Breadth– Under Floor Redesign
Construction Management Conclusions Questions
Alcoa Business Services Center Alcoa Business Services Center Geoffrey Measel - StructuralGeoffrey Measel - Structural
MechanicalMechanicalUnder-FloorUnder-Floor
ConCore 2000ConCore 2000 System Weight: System Weight: 11.5 lbs/sq. ft11.5 lbs/sq. ft Concentrated Load:Concentrated Load: 2000 lbs2000 lbs Uniform Load:Uniform Load: 500 lbs/sq. ft500 lbs/sq. ft Ultimate Load:Ultimate Load: 5750 lbs5750 lbs Impact Load:Impact Load: 150 lbs150 lbs
Raised Floor Design
Alcoa Business Services Center Alcoa Business Services Center Geoffrey Measel - StructuralGeoffrey Measel - Structural
MechanicalMechanicalDuct work Re-DesignDuct work Re-Design
Existing Duct Plan Re-Designed Duct Plan
Alcoa Business Services Center Alcoa Business Services Center Geoffrey Measel - StructuralGeoffrey Measel - Structural
Presentation OutlinePresentation Outline
Introduction Structural Depth
– Alternate Floors– Alternate Foundation– Building Impacts
Mechanical Breadth– Under Floor Redesign
Construction Management Conclusions Questions
Alcoa Business Services Center Alcoa Business Services Center Geoffrey Measel - StructuralGeoffrey Measel - Structural
Const. MgmtConst. MgmtCost SummaryCost Summary
System Cost Comparison
1512000 1608750 1588500 15997502052000 2083500
15570001786500
0
500000
1000000
1500000
2000000
2500000
Exi
stin
g
My
Exi
stin
g
Com
posi
teU
nSho
red
(70%
)
Com
posi
tesh
ored
(100
%)
Com
posi
teC
ambe
red
Pre
cast
Jois
ts
Non
com
posi
te
Co
st Cost
Overall Floor Framing Cost Comparison
Alcoa Business Services Center Alcoa Business Services Center Geoffrey Measel - StructuralGeoffrey Measel - Structural
Const. MgmtConst. Mgmtcost summarycost summary
Cost Comparison
271080 276048 287928230256
319032
050000
100000150000200000250000300000350000
AES Existing My Exsiting Raised Floor Raised Core Beam RaisedFloor
Cost
Cost
Overall Core Framing Cost Comparison
Alcoa Business Services Center Alcoa Business Services Center Geoffrey Measel - StructuralGeoffrey Measel - Structural
Const. MgmtConst. Mgmtcost summarycost summary
Existing Auger Cast PilesExisting Auger Cast Piles– 374 Piles *( 50’) * $30.00/ft = $561,000374 Piles *( 50’) * $30.00/ft = $561,000– Schedule: 50’ (374 piles) / 350 = 53 daysSchedule: 50’ (374 piles) / 350 = 53 days
Micro-Piles (Mini-Piles)Micro-Piles (Mini-Piles)– 300 Mini-piles*($55.00/ft) 50’ = $825,000300 Mini-piles*($55.00/ft) 50’ = $825,000
– 300 mini-piles * 50’ / 275ft/day = 54.5 days300 mini-piles * 50’ / 275ft/day = 54.5 days
Foundation Comparison
Alcoa Business Services Center Alcoa Business Services Center Geoffrey Measel - StructuralGeoffrey Measel - Structural
Const. MgmtConst. Mgmtcost summarycost summary
Reduction of Construction Cost:Reduction of Construction Cost:-HVAC Cost = $283,040-HVAC Cost = $283,040
Enhancement of Property Value:Enhancement of Property Value:-Tenant Re-Occupancy = $312,131
Improvement in Tenant Attractiveness:Improvement in Tenant Attractiveness:-Life Cycle Savings (1st Year) = $304,168-Staff Productivity (1st Year) = $635,400
Projected Mechanical Savings
Alcoa Business Services Center Alcoa Business Services Center Geoffrey Measel - StructuralGeoffrey Measel - Structural
Summary & Summary & Conclusions Conclusions Structural:Structural:
– Floor Framing: 70% Composite UnshoredFloor Framing: 70% Composite Unshored– Watch Steel Prices- 100% Comp. Watch Steel Prices- 100% Comp.
ShoredShored– Foundation: Stay with Auger Cast PilesFoundation: Stay with Auger Cast Piles
– If Schedule becomes an issue go with If Schedule becomes an issue go with Mini-PilesMini-Piles
– Core Framing: Raise the CoreCore Framing: Raise the Core
Mechanical: Under Floor Air DistributionMechanical: Under Floor Air Distribution
Alcoa Business Services Center Alcoa Business Services Center Geoffrey Measel - StructuralGeoffrey Measel - Structural
Special ThanksSpecial Thanks
Atlantic Engineering Atlantic Engineering ServicesServices– John SchneiderJohn Schneider– Andy VerrangiaAndy Verrangia
PJ DickPJ Dick– Frank BabicFrank Babic– Matt WetzelMatt Wetzel
Pfaffman & AssociatesPfaffman & Associates
G.E.M. Inc.G.E.M. Inc.
AE FacultyAE Faculty– Kevin ParfittKevin Parfitt– Walt SchneiderWalt Schneider– Jonathan DoughertyJonathan Dougherty
AE ClassmatesAE Classmates
My FamilyMy Family
Alcoa Business Services Center Alcoa Business Services Center Geoffrey Measel - StructuralGeoffrey Measel - Structural
QuestionsQuestions
?
Alcoa Business Services Center Alcoa Business Services Center Geoffrey Measel - StructuralGeoffrey Measel - Structural
Floor Framing Floor Framing SummarySummary
Alcoa Business Services Center Alcoa Business Services Center Geoffrey Measel - StructuralGeoffrey Measel - Structural
StructuralStructuralfloor re-designfloor re-design
Composite Comparison
3.81 3.81 3.81 3.81 3.83 3.83 3.90 4.00
7.75 7.75 7.75 7.68 7.64 7.64 7.68 7.83
0.001.002.003.004.005.006.007.008.009.00
100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30
Percent Composite
Va
lue
/sq
.ft
Steel Cost per Sq. ft
Steel Weight per Sq. ft
Percentage Composite Comparison Unshored
Alcoa Business Services Center Alcoa Business Services Center Geoffrey Measel - StructuralGeoffrey Measel - Structural
StructuralStructuralfloor re-designfloor re-design
Composite Comparison (Shored)
3.00 3.00 3.11 3.11 3.14 3.22 3.27 3.27
6.44 6.44 6.49 6.50 6.44 6.37 6.43 6.43
0.001.002.003.004.005.006.007.00
100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30
Pe rce nt Composite
va
lue
/sq
. ft
Steel Cost per Sq. ft
Steel Weight per Sq. ft
Percentage Composite Comparison Shored
Alcoa Business Services Center Alcoa Business Services Center Geoffrey Measel - StructuralGeoffrey Measel - Structural
StructuralStructuralfloor re-designfloor re-design
Existing System Comparison
3.473.90
6.78
8.07
0.00
1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00
6.00
7.00
8.00
9.00
AES My Existing
Val
ue/
Sq
. ft
Steel Cost per Sq. ft
Steel W eight per Sq. ft
Existing Floor Comparison
Alcoa Business Services Center Alcoa Business Services Center Geoffrey Measel - StructuralGeoffrey Measel - Structural
Existing Core Comparisons
5.05 5.28
8.80
10.56
0.00
2.00
4.00
6.00
8.00
10.00
12.00
AES Existing My Existing
Val
ue/
Sq
. ft
Steel Cost per Sq. ft
Steel Weight per Sq. ft
StructuralStructuralCore Re-DesignCore Re-Design
Steel Systems Comparison
Alcoa Business Services Center Alcoa Business Services Center Geoffrey Measel - StructuralGeoffrey Measel - Structural
StructuralStructuralFoundation Re-designFoundation Re-design
Pile Cap Re-Design
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