Al-Husain: The Third Imam
By A.S. Hashim. MD
Early Childhood
Born in Medina, 3rd Yr of Hijrah
Prophet gives him and his brother their names
The Prophet loves them very much
Al-Husain was born after Ohod confrontation
Along with his brother, they fill the house with joy
Early Childhood II
The Prophet loves the two boys dearly and plays with them
The Prophet calls them His own Children
Prophet Visits them almost daily
They go with him to the Masjid often
Early Childhood III
At 2, a sister is born, Zainab
At 3, another sister is born, Umm Kalthoom
At 5, Ayah of Tat’heer is revealed
Al-Husain is one of Ahlul Bayt
Ayah of Tat’heer and Ahlul Bayt
Al-Kisaa as narrated by Jabir Al-Ansaari
Took place in Umm Salama’s house
Ali, Fatima, Al-Hasan, and Al-Husain under one cover along with the Prophet
The Prophet declares: These are my Ahlul Bayt
Ayah of Tat’heer
�ْذ�ِه�َب� �ُي ِل �ُه� اِلَّل �ِر�يُد� ي �َم�ا �َّن ِإ�ِه�َل� َأ ْج�َس� اِلِر� �ُم� َع�نُك
ا ��ْط�ِه�ُيِر َت �ُم� ُك �ْط�ِه�ِر� َو�ي �ِت� �ُي �َب اِل(Surah 33: Ayah 33. According to
A'isha, Ayah of Tat'heer (Purification) was revealed on
behalf of Fatima, Ali, Al-Hasan, and Al-Husain, see Sahih Muslim Vol.
3, Page 130.)
VERILY, ALLAH HAS DECREED TO PURIFY YOU, O' AHLUL BAYT,
AND SANCTIFY YOU IN A PERFECT WAY
Early Childhood IV
Christians from Najran visit Muhammad
They inquire about Islam, and
The Quran challenges them (Mubaahala)
They agree to invoke Damnation of God on the liars
Next day, seeing that Muhammad brought Ahlul Bayt for Mubaahala,
The Christians retreat, asking to be excused from Mubaahala
Ayah for Mubaahala: Surah 3: Ayah 61.
"THEN SAY: LET US CALL UPON OUR CHILDREN AND
YOUR CHILDREN, OUR LADIES AND YOUR LADIES,OURSELVES AND
YOURSELVES,THEN WE PRAY SO THATALLAH'S WRATH WILL BE
UPON THOSE WHO TELL UNTRUTH"
�ْع�ُد� َب ِم�ن ِف�ُيُه� َح�آْج�َك� ِف�َم�ن� � �ُم �ْع�َّل اِل ِم�ن� ْج�اءَك� ِم�ا
�ا �اءَّن �ن �َب َأ �ُد�ُع� َّن � �ْو�ا �ْع�اِل َت ِف�ُق�َل��ا اءَّن �َس� َو�َّن �ُم� �اءُك �ن َب
� َو�َأ�ا ن َّنُف�َس�
� َو�َأ �ُم� اءُك �َس� َو�َّن�ُم� ُك َّنُف�َس�
� َوَأ5ُه� اِلَّل �ُة� �ْع�ن ِل �ْج�ْع�َل ِف�ن �ِه�َل� �َت �َب َّن �ُم� ُث
�ُين �اِذ�َب �ُك اِل َع�َّل�ى
Hadiths about Hasan and Husain
سـُيُدا َواِلحَسـُين اِلحَسـناِلْجنُه اِهَل شـَباب
َواِلحَسـُين اِلحَسـن� َأَحَب� Aِم��ن
َأَبَغ�َض�ـِه�َما Aَوِم�ن �ي �ن َأَحَب ِفُقُدَأَبَغ�َض�ني ِفُقُد
ساِلَمـَتُم، �َم�ن ِل Fَّلُم س� َأَّنا�ُم َحارَبَت �َم�ن ِل �Fَوَحِرب
AL-HASAN AND AL-HUSAIN ARE EACH A PRINCE OVER THE YOUTHFUL IN HEAVEN".
THE ONE WHO LOVES HASAN AND HUSAIN WILL ALSO HAVE LOVED ME, AND HE WHO DETESTS THEM,WILL HAVE DETESTED ME.
"IN PEACE I AM WITH HIM WHOM YOU ARE IN PEACE WITH AND IN BATTLE I AM WITH HIM WHOM YOU ARE IN BATTLE WITH
Al-Husain: Age 6-7 Yrs Old
Al-Husain at age 6-7: the Prophet dies
Saqifa happenings and its aftermath of Khilaafah
Father works in Grove to support family
Father tutors Al-Hasan and Al-Husain along with Ibn Abbas
Mother is sick
Lineage
FatherAli
MotherFatima
Al-Husain
GrandfathersMuhammad and Abu Talib
GrandmothersKhadijah and Fatima
Tutored at Home
Ali tutors Al-Hasan and Al-Husain every night
Ali also tutors Ibn Abbas
Ibn Abbas was 13 Yrs old
Tutoring continues for many years
Age 7 Yrs Old
Mother Fatima dies
Buried at night, as per her wishesSo buried to avoid connection with some people who had angered her
Al-Husain misses his mother very much
In mourning
Father continues to tutor them
New Step Mother
Father marries Asmaa bint Umais
Asmaa was wife of Abu Bakr
Asmaa had Abu Bakr’s baby by name of Muhammad
Asmaa was previously wife of Ja’far, brother of Ali. Ja’far was killed in Mu’ta battle
As a Child
Al-Husain at 9, Abu Bakr dies, Omar the Khalifa
Family busy with Muhammad son of Abu Bakr and other children
Full of questions in quest of knowledge
Family visitation and interaction
As a Youth
Participates in religious discourses and discussions
Omar’s ruleStrict, Islamic
Sahaaba are forbidden from leaving Medina
Islamic expansion into Persia and Byzantine territories
Along with Al-Hasan, helps father in writing the Corpus of Knowledge
Tutors brothers and sisters
At Age 19
Omar dies, being stabbed by Abu Lu’lua
Omar appoint 6 to choose a Khalifa from among them
Uthman becomes Khalifa
Al-Hasan and Al-Husain continue to help father in writing the Corpus of Knowledge
Discourses at the Masjid Al-Nabawi
Al-Husain in his Twenties
Gets married
Neat, dignified, and well groomed
At first Uthman’s Rule was mellow but good
Uthman starts to appoint corrupt family clan to high offices all over: Dynasty Rule
Corruption of the rulers lead to complaints
Ali marries Umm Al-Baneen
Corpus of Knowledge
Ali’s writings during:Abu Bakr,Omar, and
Uthman’s Khilaafah:
Corpus of Knowledge consists of the
following:
1. Quran in chorological order
2. Tafseer (Mus’haf Fatima)
3. Hadith (Saheefa of Ali)4. Ah’kaam5. Al-Jafr
a. White Jafr: Prophets and early times
b. Red Jafr: Rules of war in Islam
Al-Husain in his Twenties II
Al-Hasan and Al-Husain participate in North Africa Campaign
Feels the anger of the society about the rule of Uthman
The uprising against Uthman
Defends Uthman from the rebels surrounding Uthman’s house
Al-Husain in his Twenties III
Has many brothers through Umm Al-Baneen
Is very close to his brother Al-Abbas
Tutors his brother Al-Abbas, and other brothers
The house is very active with the expanded family
Continues his discourses at Masjid Al-Nabawi
Al-Husain in his Thirties
Ali is elected for Khilaafah
Some People agitate against Ali
A’isha, Talha, and Zubair lead a force and head toward Basrah
Ali and his family head toward Kufa
Toward Kufa
Ali, family, and 500 people arrive from Medina to Kufa
Al-Husain during travel
In Kufa, they get to work immediately
They build support to fight off the insurgents in Basrah
Al-Husain at Jamal Confrontation
During the battle Ali was very protective of Al-Hasan and Al-HusainAli urged his other son (Muhammad ibn Al-Hanafiyyah) to face the rebelsWhen asked about Al-Hasan and Al-Husain, he replied:
I don’t want to expose the lineage of Rasool Allah to be cut off (up to Al-Mahdi)
Al-Husain at Jamal Confrontation
Al-Husain did well during the battle
Al-Husain was 32 years old at the time
Feels for the many who lost their lives needlessly
Sees his father Ali giving freedom to Benu Umayya who fought him at Jamal battle
Al-Husain at Age 31-35
Helps father in administration matters in Kufa
Kufa had become the Capital of the Islamic Ummah
In Preparation for the forthcoming confrontation with Mu’awiya
Participates in the Islamic Discourses in Kufa
At Age of 33
Heads to Siffin to confront Mu’awiya
Participates in the 9 day battle
Fighting was severe sometimes
Numerous widows and orphans as a result
Disappointment about the arbitration
At Age of 33
On the way to confront Mu’awiya, they passed by a dreary placeAli asked about the name of the placeThe answer was KarbalaAli’s face got sad and he said:
ر�َحاِلِهُم Hِمحُّط ِهنادِمائِهُم َوِمِهِراق
"IT IS HERE WHERE THEY WILL BE STOPPED
AND IT IS HERE WILL BE THE BLOOD-SHED."
Al-Husain at Siffin
Is aware of the intrigues of Mu’awiya
Could see the role of Ammar who was promised by the Prophet that the Vicious and Malicious fighters would kill him
Al-Husain witnesses the debacle of Khariji and the call for arbitrations
They return to Kufa disheartened
Al-Husain at Age of 34-36
Witnesses the suffering of the widows and orphansAware of Nahrawan and the trouble of its aftermathAware of the havoc caused by Mu’awiya
In IraqIn YemenIn other territories
Al-Husain at Age of 36
Ibn Muljim wounds Ali, Ali gives Al-Hasan his last advice
Ali designates Al-Hasan as the 2nd Imam
Ali’s advice is for all of his children
They bury Ali in Najaf
People give Al-Hasan allegiance, he is to face Mu'awiya
Al-Husain at Age of 36
Sees the deceit of Mu’awiya about the agreement with his brother Al-Hasan
Listens to Al-Hasan giving the speech to the worshippers at the Grand Mosque of Kufa
Listens to Mu’awiya’s speech, and is flabbergasted at the rudeness and gall of this man
Al-Husain, Al-Hasan and family return to Medina
In Medina, age: 36-57 Yrs
Teaches Islamic discourses in Medina along with Al-Hasan
Very popular
Helps people as well as educate them
Is pained by Mu’awiya’s deception
Is pained by hearing Ali being damned in every Jumu’ah Prayer all over the country
Cursing Ali was made the State Policy by Mu’awiya
Al-Husain at Age 37
Al-Hasan, being sick with the poison:vomiting blood materialJaundiced and feeling very weak
Al-Hasan designates Al-Husain as the 3rd ImamAl-Hasan wants to be buried by the Prophet if possibleAl-Husain’s Imamah starts
TO CONTINUE, Go to al-Husain to Karbala
Thank you and May God Bless you.
Dr. A.S. Hashim
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