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LOGO
Digesh Shah
AGRICULTURAL POLICY
AND DEVELOPMENT ININDIA
AGRICULTURAL POLICY
AND DEVELOPMENT ININDIA
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OBJECTIVES
Economic Upliftment
Export Promotion
Land Reforms
Input Supply
Water Management
Credit Support
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TYPES OF AGRICULTURAL POLICIES
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PRICE POLICY
Aim Needs of economy
Elements of Present Agricultural Price Policy
Market Intervention Scheme (MIS)
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ELEMENTS OF PRESENT
AGRICULTURAL PRICE POLICY Fixation of support prices for importantagricultural commodities before sowing.
Periodic directions from Government of India.
Provision of levy on rice millers and sugarfactories.
Use of input subsidies and product price
support. Distribution of food grains at subsidized rates.
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STRUCTURAL POLICY Irrigation Fertilizers
High Yielding Varieties of Seeds
Pesticides
Land Reforms
Credit Plan Schemes
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IRRIGATION Major Scheme: Cultivable Command Area (CCA)>10,000 hectares
Bhakra Nangal Project (Punjab),
Beas Project (Punjab, Haryana),
Hirakund Dam Project (Orissa),
Damodar Valley Corporation (Bihar and West Bengal),
Nagarjun Sagar Project (Andhra Pradesh & Karnataka),
Medium Scheme: 4,000 hectares< CCA < 10,000 hectares
Minor Scheme: CCA < 4,000 hectares
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FERTILIZERS
Indian farmers use only one-tenth of the amount of manurethat is necessary to maintain the productivity of soil.
Accordingly, proper use of manure and fertilizers alone can
considerable enhance the productivity of soil.
Indias soil is deficient in nitrogen and phosphorus and thisdeficiency can be made good by an increased use of fertilizers.
The use of fertilizers in Indian agriculture has received a boost
at the initiation of the High Yielding Varieties Programme
(HYVP) in 1966. This was a package programme wherein
due emphasis had been given to the use of chemicalfertilizers.
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HIGH YIELDING VARIETIES
OF SEEDS Under the new agricultural strategy, special emphasis has
been placed on the development of high yielding varieties of
seeds.
Also the Government has been paying attention to induce
qualitative improvement in seeds ever since the initiation of
planning process in the country, the real impetus to this effort
was given by the adoption of the new agricultural strategy in
the Kharif season of 1966.
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PESTICIDES It has been estimated that in India, monetary loss in
agriculture due to weeds, diseased, insects, pests,rodents and birds runs into about Rs 6,000 crores prannum.
The major thrust of the government policy on plant
protection in the coming years is proposed to be onIntegrated Pest Management (IPM). The IPM approachimplies the adoption of cultural, mechanical, biologicaland chemical methods of control.
Training to the farmers should be provided through thecommunication media like radio and televisionregarding the correct use of pesticides so that theirindiscriminate application is avoided.
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LAND REFORMS
Policies and Measures regarding Abolition ofIntermediaries
Measures of Tenancy Reforms
Ceiling on Land Holdings
Reasons for Poor Performance of thisProgramme
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CREDIT PLAN SCHEMES Investment in debentures of State Land
Development Banks (SLDBs)
Credit Planning and Monitoring
Centre for International Cooperation and Training
in Agricultural Banking (CICTAB) Assistance to Cooperative Credit Institutions
Agricultural Credit Stabilization Fund
Special Scheme for SCs/STs
Comprehensive Crop Insurance Scheme (CCIS)
Experimental Crop Insurance Scheme (ECIS)
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AGRICULTURAL MARKETING ANDWAREHOUSING
The Present State ofAgricultural Marketing inIndia: The first and the most common method is to sell away
ones surplus produce to the trader. It is estimated that inPunjab, 60 percent of wheat, 70 percent of oils and 35percent of cotton is sold in the village itself.
The second method adopted by the Indian farmer is todispose off his produce in the weekly village markets,
known as HAA
THs. The third method of agricultural marketing is through the
mandis in small and large towns.
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(CONTuD)
Steps taken to Improve Agricultural Marketing The government has taken various steps to improve the
conditions of agricultural marketing.
It has set up the All-India Warehousing Corporation to
construct and manage a whole network of warehouses in alltowns and mandis.
To promote warehousing in villages the cooperative societies
are given necessary financial and technical facilities.
Foodgrain prices are being stabilized by the governmentthrough the recommendations of the Agricultural Prices
Commission.
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(CONTuD)
Regulated Markets The purpose of regulated market is to eliminate unhealthy
market practices, to reduce marketing charges and to ensure
fair prices. All the states have now passed legislation for the
establishment of regulated markets.
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(CONTuD)
Cooperative Marketing The marketing of agricultural products through cooperatives,
has registered a remarkable growth. Agricultural cooperatives
require godowns for undertaking various functions like
marketing of agricultural produce, supply of agricultural
inputs and distribution of consumer goods.
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(CONTuD)
Warehousing in India Warehousing facilities are necessary to prevent the loss
arising out of defective storage and also to equip the farmers
with a convenient instrument of credit.
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CONCLUSION
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THANK YOUu
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