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SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGNInformation System for a Car Re-sale Center
TRUEVALUE
Submitted to:
Prof. Malathi Sriram
Date: 21.02.2011
SubmittedBy:Group: 9
Amit Kumar Jha 10064
Ashish Arora 10071
K Swetha Nandana 10081
Monalisa Mazumdar 10088
Ragunandan V R 10095
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Table of Contents
1. Acknowledgement ................................................................................................. 3
2. Executive Summary .............................................................................................. 4
3. Overall Business Process ...................................................................................... 5
Existing System DFD ........................................................................................................... 6
4. New Information System ...................................................................................... 7
Context Analysis Diagram .................................................................................................. 7
5. Data Flow Diagrams (DFDs) ............................................................................... 8
Purchase Process.................................................................................................................. 8
Checking and Maintenance Process................................................................................... 9
Customer Order Process ..................................................................................................... 9
Delivery Process ................................................................................................................. 10
Report Generation ............................................................................................................. 11
6. DECISION TABLE ................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
Decision Table for Profit Calculation .............................................................................. 12Decision Tree for Profit Calculation ................................................................................ 13
7. NORMALISATION ............................................................................................ 14
Owner Table ....................................................................................................................... 15
Car Table ............................................................................................................................ 15
Customer Table.................................................................................................................. 16
Order Table ........................................................................................................................ 16
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Acknowledgement
We would like to thank Prof Malathi Sriram for guiding us and for providing encouragement
and much needed moral support.
We are thankful to her for assigning us such an interesting project with a lot of learning involved
in it. The development of this project has enabled us to understand the contents of this course in
a better way. The project has given us a practical experience, which will prove to be very
beneficial in our future corporate life.
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Executive Summary
This Project is about creating an Information System for a Car Re-sale Center : Truevalue.
The Centre will buy used cars from the owners, will repair and maintain them and then sell them
to customers who are willing to buy second-hand cars.
We have to study such an existing Information System, find out what are the flaws in that
system, and describe the improvements required in terms of automation. Also, we have to
describe and structure the functional requirements of a new system.
Although the business process tends to be the same in both the cases, the manual process has
certain disadvantages:
Manual records are very difficult to be maintained safe Manual records are subject to greater human error Business can see itself in fines and penalties if records are lost Manual records are easier to be falsified, modified, altered or vanished, as compared
to computerized records which become very safe when using passwords, firewalls,
and back-ups.
Having all such disadvantages, there is a need to develop and design the information system for
the same in order to ease down the tedious manual process.
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Overall Business Process
The overall Business Process consists of the following steps:
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The existing system is a manual system where entries are made in the process registers. The
company purchases old cars from the owner and makes entries in the purchase register. Once
this is done the cars are sent for checking and maintenance by the employees and an updated
entry is made in the car register. Simultaneously the potential customers enquire for the cars.
Such an enquiry is followed by the tedious task of searching for the car availability in various
registers. This is the biggest disadvantage which calls for a lot of manual work and time. Once a
suitable match is found, whether through the registers or through the manual search, the details
are then given to the customers. Again the negotiation process is carried out and the final order
is taken and updated in the order register. Lastly the delivery is made to the customer and the
final update is made in the car register and the order register.
Car Owner Purchase Process Checking &Maintenance
OwnerRegister
CarRegister
Delivery Process Order Process
CustomerRegister
OrderRegister
Customer
Request for
Details
Owner personalDetails
CarDetails
Status
Update
CarDetails
CustomerPersonal
DetailsStatus
UpdateStatus
Update
CarDelivery
Delivery
Details
Order
Details
Existing System DFD
Initiates
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New Information System
The new Information System will do away with the manual process and put in place an
automated system. The new system will have a database with separate tables for Car Owners,
Car Details, Customer details and Transaction Details.
The CAD and DFDs for the New Information System are shown below:
Computer Aided DesignComputer-aided design (CAD), also known as computer-aided design and drafting (CADD), is
the use ofcomputer technology for the process of design and design-documentation. Computer
Aided Drafting describes the process of drafting with a computer. CADD software, orenvironments, provides the user with input-tools for the purpose of streamlining design
processes; drafting, documentation, and manufacturing processes. CADD output is often in the
form of electronic files for print or machining operations.
Car Owner Customer
TRUEVALUE
Manager
Sells car Enquiresabout Cars
GeneratesReports
Context Analysis Diagram
Purchases car
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DataFlow Diagrams (DFDs)
A data flow diagram (DFD) is a graphical representation of the "flow" of data through an
information system. DFDs can also be used for the visualization of data processing (structured
design).On a DFD, data items flow from an external data source or an internal data store to aninternal data store or an external data sink, via an internal process.
The owner of the car would first enquire about the company and the sale process of the
company. As soon as the manager comes to know that there is a prospective seller, there is a
negotiation process between the company and the seller. In this stage the negotiation is done on
factors such as price and mode of payment. After this stage, the purchase process is carried out,
where the owner details are updated in the owner database. The transaction and payment process
succeed this stage. Once the entire process is carried out the car database is updated.
Car owner
Manager
Enquiry Process Negotiation Process
Purchase Process
OwnerDatabase
Car Database Payment Process
Details
FinalPrice
Date of PurchasePrice & Car Details
Owner & CarCar
Details
Transaction
Details
OwnerDetails
Initiates
Purchase Process
Car Details
Car Details
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This stage is an intermediate stage where the manager checks the car details in the car database
using the car details. He checks the current status of the particular car, if the car is ready to be
sold or needs maintenance and assigns tasks to his employees accordingly.
Next is the customer order process, any potential customer enquires about the availability of the
cars with the company. This information can be acquired from the car database. Similar to thepurchase process, the next stage is the negotiation process with the manger where a mutually
CustomerEnquiry Process Negotiation
Process
Manager
Order ProcessCar Database
Payment Process
CustomerDatabase
OrderDatabase
Seeks
Information
CarDetails Car
Details
Final
Price
Car
Details
Customer
Details
Transaction
DetailsCar Status
CustomerDetails,Price
Initiates
Customer Order Process
Manager Checking &Maintenance
Car Database
Car details
Car Status
Initiates
Checking and Maintenance Process
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agreeable price is fixed. The agreeable price of the car is based on the profit margin calculated
through the decision table (explained below). Once the final price is decided the details of the
customer are entered in the customer database. Customer details are also forwarded for the
payment process to be carried out. Once the payment is made the transaction details are updated
in the order database. After the entire process is completed the status of the particular car is
updated in the car database, i.e. from R(ready) to S(sold). The final updating to D deliveredis made only after the car is delivered to the customer.
In this stage, the employee checks the current status of the car from the car database and also the
proposed delivery date from the order database. If not delivered the employee checks with the
customer (gets the customer details from the customer database) and delivers the car. Once the
car is delivered the order database is updated to the actual date of delivery. The car status is alsoupdated from the S (sold) to D (delivered).
EmployeeDelivery Check Check with
Customer
Delivery
Car DatabaseCustomer
Database
OrderDatabase
Car ID Status
Detailsof Order
Delivery
Details
Customer ID
Customer IDCustomerDetails
Status Update
Customer Details
Initiates
Delivery Process
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Since the job of the manager is to make sure that all the processes are running smoothly, he can
seek information of any process at any given time through the query process. All the databases
(Order, owner, customer, and car) can generate reports for the manager as and when required.
Report Generation
Manager
Enquiry aboutCustomers
CustomerDatabase
Enquiry aboutCars
Car Database
OrderDatabase
OwnerDatabase
Order EnquiryEnquiry about
Owners
ReportaboutCustomers
Seek CustomerInformation
Queryabout Customers
CustomerDetails
SeekOrderInformation
QueryaboutOrders
OrderDetails
ReportaboutOrders
SeekOwnerInformation
QueryaboutOwners
Owner
Details
ReportsaboutOwners
Seek CarInformation Report
about Cars
QueryaboutCars
CarDetails
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Decision Table
Decision tables are a precise yet compact way to model complicated logic. Decision tables, like
flowcharts and if-then-else and switch-case statements, associate conditions with actions to
perform, but in many cases do so in a more elegant way.
Decision Table for Profit Calculation
Model >= 2006 Y N N Y N N
2000 < Model
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Model>=2006?
No
Yes
2000
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An entity-relationship (ER) diagram is a specialized graphic that illustrates the interrelationships
between entities in a database. ER diagrams often use symbols to represent three different types
of information. Boxes are commonly used to represent entities. Diamonds are normally used to
represent relationships and ovals are used to represent attributes.
In this ER diagram we have five basic entities namely Manager, Employee, Owner, Customer,
Car.
All these entities are inter- related The owner sells the car. One owner can sell many cars but a car can have only one
owner.
The manager purchases car from the owner. A Manager can purchase from manyowners but there is only one Manager.
A Customer can buy many cars but a car can have only one customer. The manager sells to the customer. One manager can sell to many customers but there is
only one manger.
A Manager manages many employees but an employee has only one manager. An employee delivers to the customer. One employee caters to many customers but a
customer is handled by only one employee.
An employee checks and maintains a car. Here a many-to-many relation is established,many cars are maintained by many employees.
Customer Deliver
Buys Car
Employee Owner
Checks
Sells
Manages
PurchasesFromManager
Sells to
Pur_Dt MakeModel
Address
Name
Car Id
Address
Name
Ph_No
Ma_IdName
Ph_No
Name
Emp_Id
Ph_No
Ow_ID
Status
Car
ID
Cus_ID Ow_Id
Entity Relationship Diagram
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Normalization
Normalization is the process of taking data from a problem and reducing it to a set of
relations while ensuring data integrity and eliminating data redundancy
Data integrity - all of the data in the database are consistent, and satisfy all integrityconstraints.
Data redundancyif data in the database can be found in two different locations (directredundancy) or if data can be calculated from other data items (indirect redundancy) then
the data is said to contain redundancy.
Owner Table
Owner ID Owner Name Address Contact Number
Pimary key : Owner ID
Car Table
Car ID Owner
ID
Make Model Owner
Number
Last
PurchaseDate by
Owner
Initial
PurchaseDate
Purchase
Price
Status*
*status: UM: Under maintenance, R: Ready, S: Sold, D: Delivered;Pimary key : Car ID, Foreign key: Owner ID
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Customer Table
Customer Id Customer name Address Contact Number
Primary key: Customer ID
Order Table
Customer ID Car ID Date of
Selling
Selling
Price
Date of
Delivery(proposed)
Date of
Delivery(actual)
-thank you
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