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A STUDY ON THE CATALYTIC ACTIVITY OF THE
ZEOLITE ZSM-5 IN HETEROGENEOUS PHASE
Mr. Balin Kumar Bhuyan
Department of Chemistry, Gauhati University, Guwahati-781014, Assam
The thesis entitled A STUDY ON THE CATALYTIC ACTIVITY OF THE
ZEOLITE ZSM-5 IN HETEROGENEOUS PHASE includes six chapters as
follows.
1. Introduction
2. Synthesis and characterisation of Ti-ZSM-5
3. Ti-exchanged ZSM-5 as heterogeneous catalyst for
allylation of aldehydes with allyltributylstannane
4. Acetylation of various alcohols using Ti-ZSM-5 as catalyst
5. Oxidation of alcohols and carbonyl compounds using Ti-ZSM-5 as
catalyst .
6. Mukaiyama aldol reaction of ketene silyl acetals with aldehyde catalyzed
by Ti-ZSM-5
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
Chapter I gives a general introduction about the zeolite emphasizing its
wide scientific interest as a solid acid catalyst. This chapter describes briefly
the definition, structure, nomenclature, classification and properties of the
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zeolites. The applications of zeolites in various fields are highlighted with a
special reference to ZSM-5. Some shape selective reactions and a few ZSM-5
catalysed reactions studied so far have been incorporated in this chapter with
references.
CHAPTER II
SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERISATION OF Ti-ZSM-5
Chapter II gives a brief description of chronological development in the history
of zeolite synthesis science so far. Parameters influencing zeolite synthesis
and modification of zeolites by metal substitution are also discussed. An
efficient method of incorporation of Titanium in ZSM-5 by ion-exchange is
included in this chapter. Characterisations of the various samples of
synthesized Ti-ZSM-5 by different analytical techniques such as X-ray Powder
diffraction, FTIR spectroscopy. SEM, EDX analysis and UV-VIS spectroscopy
are described and analyses are given.
CHAPTER III
Ti-exchanged ZSM-5 as heterogeneous catalyst for allylation
of aldehydes with allyltributylstannane
The addition of allyl metal reagents to aldehydes is an important method for
formation of carbon-carbon bond. Allyltributylstannane is one of the most
common reagents used for the synthesis of homoallylic alcohols. A method
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has been described in this chapter, for the synthesis of homoallylic alcohols
using Ti-exchanged ZSM-5 as heterogeneous catalyst (Scheme 1).
O
R H
SnBu3 Ti-ZSM
Toluene, r.t. R
OH
+-5
Scheme 1
CHAPTER IV
ACETYLATION OF VARIOUS ALCOHOLS USING Ti-ZSM-5
AS CATALYST
The acetylation of alcohols occupies an important role in organic
synthesis and biochemistry. Conventional acetylations have been carried out
by using homogeneous acid or base catalysts. In order to overcome the
difficulties associated with homogeneous catalysts the development and
utilization of solid catalysts are important. This chapter deals with the catalytic
evaluation of Ti-ZSM-5 as heterogeneous catalyst for the acetylation of
alcohols (Scheme 2).
OHOAcAc2O
Ti-ZSM-5,room temp
Scheme 2
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CHAPTER V
OXIDATION OF ALCOHOLS WITH AQUEOUS TBHP INPRESENCE OF Ti-ZSM-5 AS CATALYST.
Since the first synthesis of TS-1 by Tarramasso et al. in 1983, TS-1 has
attracted much attention for its unique catalytic oxidation properties, especially
in selective oxidation reactions under mild conditions. In this chapter, oxidation
reactions have been investigated for certain secondary alcohols and benzyl
alcohols with aqueous tert-butyl hydroperoxide as oxidant in presence of Ti-
ZSM-5 as catalyst. (scheme 3).
OH
Ti-ZSM
TBHP,MeOH
O
5
scheme 3
CHAPTER VI
MUKAIYAMA ALDOL REACTION OF KETEN SILYL ACETALSWITH ALDEHYDE CATALYZED BY Ti-ZSM-5
Mukaiyama aldol reaction is an efficient methodology of carbon-carbon bond
formation reaction. Both Lewis acids and bases are known to catalyze this
reaction. Various metal compounds have been developed to catalyse
Mukaiyama aldol reaction.
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This chapter presents an investigation on the catalytic activity of Ti-
ZSM-5 for Mukaiyama aldol reaction of silyl keten acetal with various
aldehydes. (Scheme 4).
R-CHOOTMS
OMeOMe
OHO
+Ti-ZSM-5 , DMF
Scheme 4
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