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Ablative Absolutes!
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Ablative Absolutes
• The ablative absolute is a VERYcommon construction in Latin.
•
It’s a great example of ho Latinuses ust a fe or"s to express alonger concept.
• Let’s loo# at the to components ofablative absolutes$
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%here Ablative Absolutes&ome 'rom
• In Latin( ablative absolutes are phrases.
• The) usuall) have one noun * oneparticiple.
• The) can also have + nouns * noparticiple.
• ,ince e’ve been or#ing ith
participles recentl)( )ou’ll see a lot ofthose in )our exercises.
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Ablative Absolutes
• -art I /Ablative0
• This is prett) straightforar". Theablative absolute is a phrase of atleast 2 words, and those wordsare in the ablative case.
• That narros "on the en"ings e can
use – A( 12( 1E( 13 4singular5
– I,( 1I63,( 1E63, 4plural5
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Ablative Absolutes
• -art II /Absolute0
• This part is a little strange( but e "o
have absolutes in English.• /Absolute0 means /free from.0
• The or"s in the ablative absolute
phrase can’t be grammaticall)connecte" to an) other or"s in thesentence.
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Ablative Absolutes
• A fe examples of /absolutes0 in English – All things considered, I thin# the team pla)e" prett)
ell.
– That being the case, there’s reall) nothing she can"o.
The /absolute0 outlines the circumstances orbac#groun" against hich the main action of thesentence ta#es place.
RE7E76ER the absolute cannot contain an) or"srepeate" in the rest of the sentence( orgrammatically connecte" to an) other or"s in thesentence.
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I"entif)ing Absolutes
• The bo)( sent to visit his aunt( lost his a).
• After the bo) ha" been free"( ever)one ashapp).
•
After the mone) as given( the bo) asreturne" to his parents.
• The bo)s having been compelle" to stop8ghting( the principal ent bac# to her o9ce.
•
:aving rea" the boo#s( e returne" them tothe librar).
• After putting the prisoner in ail( thepoliceoman ent home.
;;; ;;;; ;;
;;;;; ;;;;
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:o To Translate ’Em
•
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:o to Translate ’Em
• 2l")1but1goo") version II 4for noun* noun5
• %IT: ;;;;;;; A, ;;;;;;;;;
– &aesare "uce( milites bene pugnaverunt.
– %ith &aesar as lea"er( the sol"iers foughtell.
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:o to Translate ’Em•
Those ol")1but1goo") versions or# 2@( but)ou can ma#e them soun" better. – Libro amisso( puella legere non poterat. – %ith the boo# having been lost( the girl as
not able to rea".
• 6ecause the boo# ha" been lost( the girlas not able to rea".
• ,ince the boo# ha" been lost( the girl asnot able to rea".
• %hen the boo# ha" been lost( the girl asnot able to rea".
• RE7E76ER ablative absolutes "escribe thecircumstances or con"itions 4bac#groun"5
against hich the sentence ta#es place.
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:o to Translate ’Em
• Those /ol")1but1goo")0 versions or# 2@( but )ou canma#e them soun" better. – &aesare "uce( milites bene pugnaverunt. – %ith &aesar as lea"er( the sol"iers fought ell.
•
6ecause &aesar as the lea"er( the sol"iers fought ell.• %hen &aesar as the lea"er( the sol"iers fought ell.• ,ince &aesar as the lea"er( the sol"iers fought ell.
Words used to translate AA’s
(depends on the overall meaning of the sentence…check carefull!"
when, was, since, after, because, if, although,when…was….
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