1. Mechanical Ventilation and Air Conditioning System
In the ACMV system stands for Air conditioning and Mechanical
Ventilation.
Mechanical Ventilation is the process of changing air in an enclosed
space by withdrawing the indoor air and replace it by fresh air
continuously. Fresh air is supplied by clean external source.
It uses mechanical devices like fans. In SS2 Mall, we actually
discovered an exhaust system for fire protect, which is the
pressurization fan system
Pressurization fan unit
1.1. Mechanical Ventilation in SS2 Mall.
How pressurization fan work for
fire protection
1.2. Centralized Air Conditioning System in SS2 Mall.
Air conditioning is important to maintain the thermal comfort in the
room. It control the temperature, humidity, air cleanliness and air
movement and heat radiation with mechanical means.
Besides to achieve thermal comfort, air conditioning system also
served to maintain the performance of the running machinery to
prevent it from overheat.
How is the Centralized Air Conditioning System work in SS2 Mall
1.3. Piping
(Dark Green) CWS: Condensed water
supply. To lose the heat on the
mechanical equipment.
(Light Green) CWR: Condensed water
return. To maintain the heat gained of the
mechanical equipment.
CWS CWR
(Dark blue) CHWS: Chilled Water
Supply: In the SS2 Mall, the water supply
is 25 degree Celsius to cool the
refrigerant.
(Light blue) CHWR: Chilled Water
Return: In the SS2 Mall, the hot water
return is 36 degree Celsius to the cooling
tower.
CHWRCHWS
CWS and CWR which connect the
cooling tower and chiller plant.
CHWS and CHWR which connect
the chiller plant and the AHU/
FCU.
1.4. Cooling Tower
The cooling tower creates cold water streams that runs through a
heat exchanger, to cool down the hot condenser coils (Brain, Bryant
and Elliot, 2013).
1.5. Chilled water plant
1.5.1. Refrigerant pump
1.6. Air Handling Unit (AHU)
According to Gopinath (2008), the Air
Handling Unit (AHU), is a device used to
condition and circulate air as part of a
heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning
(HVAC) system.
3. Mechanism Transportation Systemin a building refer to a system or a machine that can carry passenger and goods
from one floor to another. Basically, there are three types of mechanism
transportation system that can be found in SSTwo Mall.
Elevator
Elevator as also known as lift, it is a vertical transportation system that help to
move goods and people vertically in a building. UBBL lift shall be provided for
non-residential building which exceed 4 storeys or above (by Law 124 of UBBL
1984). 3 major types of lift are the passenger lift, service lift and fireman’s lift
(Bomba lift).
Escalator
Escalator is a moving staircase that transport passengers between floors in
building, escalator with Infrared motion sensors which stop operating when there
are no people using it.
Moving walking
Moving walking are commonly called travelator, it is a slowly moving transport
mechanism that move people across horizontal or inclined plane in short to
medium distance. Normally travelator are not use to transport for more than 2
floors as the space occupied are bigger and time taken to travel are slower
compared to elevator and escalator.
Source: http://www.saarelevo.com/basic_training_elevator_persons.html
Schematic of elevator that showing every component of a lift.
Elevator control system.
Source: http://www.electrical-knowhow.com/2012_04_01_archive.html
Schematic of escalator showing its component.
Escalator
Elevator
Source: http://www.electricalknowhow.com/2012_04_01_archive.html
Schematic of travelator showing its component.
Travelator
(Source: http://omelectricalautomation.com/category/fire-alarm-system/)
Building Services (ARC 2423)
Project 1: Case Study & Documentation of Building Services Systems
Daniel Yap Chung Kiat 0309100
Loo Giap Sheng 0310390
Teo Kean Hui 0310165
Christiody 0304191
Ho Leon 0310402
Ye Min Aung 1006A79600
4. Fire Protection System
(Source: http://qualityelectric-inc.com/blog/structured-wiring/intercom/ )
Fire Alarm System
Fire Intercom System
Active Fire Protection (AFP)
Active fire protection is a process of slowing down and protecting a building structure from
fire with mechanical mechanism such as fire sprinkler system, fire extinguisher, fire alarm
system, fire shutter door and etc. During fire emergency, all electrics will be cut off except for
the power to active fire protection system as it is a very essential system during the
emergency.
Fire Extinguisher
Fire Pump System Room
Passive Fire Protection (PFP)
Passive fire protection (PFP) is a fire protection system which integrated the constructional
fabric to the design of the building to prevent fire and smoke from moving from one
compartment to another. This is to make sure that fire will not be able to spread to other
place in a short time so that the escape routes are clear for the victims to escape.
In order to perform fire protection, fire rated partitions and doors were designed at each of
the escape route to the fire staircases. Besides the prevention of fire and smoke escape, PFP
is also designed to delay the collapse of the building structure by the coating or the materials
used.
Passive fire protection design and the incorporated fire protection materials contributed in
protect life, secure the building structure, protect assets and etc.
Fire Rated Door
Door Closer
Labels of Fire Door
Emergency Exit Indicator
Fire Staircase Design
(Source:http://www.builderbill-diy-help.com/image-files/dogleg.gif)
2. Electrical Supply System
Electricity is one of the discoveries that have changed the daily life of everybody on the planet by providing power for mechanical
ventilation and artificial lighting in the buildings. The electrical distribution system starts from a power plant, which produces high voltage
current to consumer. During the process, called power distribution Grid, voltage rises and drops depending on function and locations.
Dry Transformer Room Low Voltage Room
Schematic of Genset
Components of electrical supply system distribution at each
floor