American Robin
American Robin
Foods
Earthworms, insects & spiders, and soft mast.
Control non-native invasive vegetation Fish or wildlife surveyNesting structuresPlant shrubsPlant treesMowing
Water
Require water daily in warm seasons; obtain water from low-lying areas, ponds, even yard irrigation and rain-filled gutters.
cover
Shrubs, evergreen trees, and deciduous trees used for nesting and escape; evergreen trees often used for early nests.
Male American robin
Female American robin
Baby American robin
Common nighthawk
Foods
Insects & spiders
Control non-native invasive vegetation Fish or wildlife surveymowing
water
Obtain ample water from diet, but water sources attract insects, which provide food for the nighthawks.
Cover
Riparian areas, ridge tops, flat rooftops, and other places with numerous sand and gravel areas are favorite nesting locations.
Common nighthawk male
Common nighthawk female
Common nighthawk babies
Big brown bat
Foods
Insects and spiders
Control non-native invasive vegetationFish or wildlife surveyNesting structurePlant treesWater developments for wildlifeWildlife damage management
Water
Free-standing water is required daily when they are active.
cover
Buildings and hollow trees are often used for daytime roosts; bat houses may also be used for daytime roosting; caves, mines and buildings are used for hibernation.
Big brown bat male
Big brown bat female
Big brown bat baby
Eastern gray squirrel
Foods
Bark, buds, fungi, grain, hard mast, insects and spiders, seeds, and soft mast.
Control non-native invasive vegetation Fish or wildlife surveyNesting structure Plant shrubsPlant treesWildlife damage managementArtificial feeders
water
Necessary water is generally obtained through diet, but free-standing water is also used.
cover
Stage 6forest and woodlands; suburban and urban areas with mature trees; den in tree cavities and also build nests of leaves and twigs
Eastern gray squirrel male
Eastern gray squirrel female
Eastern gray squirrel baby
Northern flicker
Foods
Hard mast, insects and spiders, seeds, soft mast.
Control non-native invasive vegetationFish or wildlife surveyPlant shrubsPlant treesWildlife damage managementArtificial feedersmowing
Water
Daily water requirements unknown; sufficient water is probably obtained from diet.
cover
Tree cavities are used for nesting; old mature trees that show signs of dying or rotting are often used; softwood trees such as yellow poplar, cottonwood and willow are preferred; flickers will nest in posts, holes in banks, and holes in houses and structures where trees are unavailable.
Male northern flicker
Female northern flicker
Baby northern flicker
Eastern bluebird
Foods
Insects and spiders, and soft mast.
Control non-native invasive vegetation Establish native grasses and forbs Fish or wildlife surveyNesting structurePlant shrubsPlant treesmowing
water
Obtain necessary water from diet but may use other water sources when available.
Cover
Nest in cavities of trees and fence posts; old woodpecker posts are especially important; readily nest in the nesting boxes, which have had a major impact in restoring bluebird populations In some areas.
male Eastern bluebird
Female eastern bluebird
Baby eastern bluebird
Western bluebird
Foods
Insects and spiders, and soft mast.
Control non-native invasive vegetationEstablish native grasses and forbsFish or wildlife surveyNesting structuresPlant shrubsPlant treesArtificial feedersMowingPlant flowers
water
Obtain necessary water from diet but may use other water sources when available.
cover
Nest in cavities of trees and fence posts; old woodpecker cavities are especially important; readily nest in nesting boxes, which have had a major impact in restoring blue-bird populations in some areas.
Male western bluebird
Female western bluebird
Baby western bluebird
Rock pigeon
Foods
Grains and seeds.
Fish or wildlife surveyWildlife damage management
water
Free-standing water is required frequently during warm seasons.
cover
Barn lofts, window ledges, roof tops, bridges and a variety of other structures.
Male rock pigeon
Female rock pigeon
Baby rock pigeon
European starling
Foods
Earthworms, grain, insects and spiders, seeds, and soft mast.
Fish or wildlife survey Wildlife damage management
water
Require water during warm seasons.
cover
Nest in tree cavities, old buildings.
Male European starling
Female European starling
Baby European starling
House wren
Foods
Earthworms, and insects and spiders.
Water
Necessary water is obtained from the diet.
Control non-native invasive vegetation Fish or wildlife survey Nesting structure Plant shrubsPlant trees
Cover
Nest in natural cavities in trees, old buildings and other structures.
House wren male
House wren female
House wren baby
Ruby-throated hummingbird
Foods
Insects and spiders, and nectar
Control non-native invasive vegetation Fish or wildlife surveyPlant shrubsPlant treesArtificial feedersPlant flowersRooftop/balcony gardens
Water
Necessary water obtained from diet.
Cover
Trees and shrubs for nesting; flowers for feeding.
Ruby-throated hummingbird male
Ruby-throated hummingbird female
Ruby-throated hummingbird baby
Desert cottontail
Foods
Bark, buds, forbs, grain, grass, leaves and twigs, and soft mast.
Control non-native invasive vegetation Establish native grasses and forbsFish or wildlife surveyPlant shrubsWildlife damage managementMowing
Water
Necessary water obtained from diet.
Cover
Grassland, shrub vegetation and ground burrows for hiding and nesting cover.
Desert cottontail male
Desert cottontail female
Desert cottontail baby
Song sparrow
Foods
Insects and spiders, seeds, and soft mast.
Control non-native invasive vegetationEstablish native grasses and forbsFish or wildlife survey Plant shrubsWater developments for wildlifeArtificial feeders
Water
Free-standing water is required frequently during the warm seasons.
Cover
Thick shrubs and herbaceous cover for nesting, loafing, and escape.
Song sparrow female
Song sparrow male
Song sparrow baby
House sparrow
Foods
Buds, earthworms, grain, insects and spiders, seeds, and soft mast.
Fish or wildlife surveyWildlife damage management
Water
Free-standing water is required daily in warm seasons.
Cover
Nest in natural cavities, low branches of trees and bushes 5 feet to 7 feet above the ground, and on any projection or ledge they can find on buildings or other structures.
Male house sparrow
Female house sparrow
Baby house sparrow
House finch
Foods
Buds, insects and spiders, seeds, and soft mast.
Control non-native invasive vegetation Establish native grasses and forbs Fish or wildlife surveyPlant shrubsPlant treesArtificial feedersMowing
Water
Free-standing water is needed daily in the warm season.
Cover
Nest 5 feet to 7 feet above the ground on low branches of trees, branches of bushes, in natural cavities, old holes excavated by woodpeckers, and any projection or ledge they can find on houses and buildings.
Male house finch
Female house finch
Baby house finch
Northern raccoon
Control non-native invasive vegetation Fish or wildlife survey Plant shrubsPlant treesWater control structures Water development for wildlife Wildlife damage management
Foods
Birds, carrion, crayfish, earthworms, eggs, fish, frogs and salamanders, grain, hard mast, insects and spiders, lizards, mammals, mussels, seeds, snails, snakes, soft mast, and tubers.
Water
Require water frequently during warm seasons.
Cover
Riparian areas, bottomland hardwoods and along other wetlands; natural tree cavities are used for denning and daytime loafing; also dens in ground burrows under stumps, brush and junk piles, old abandoned buildings and rocky cliffs and ledges.
Male northern raccoon
Female northern raccoon
Baby northern raccoon
Eastern cottontail
Foods
Bark, buds, forbs, grain, grass, leaves and twigs, and soft mast
Control non-native invasive vegetation Establish native grasses and forbsFish or wildlife surveyPlant shrubsWildlife damage management mowing
Water
Necessary water obtained from diet.
Cover
Shrub cover, brushpiles, native perennial warm-season grasses and forbs(stage 3) for loafing and escape cover; burrows are also used for denning and escape.
Male eastern cottontail
Female eastern cottontail
Baby eastern cottontail
Mountain cottontail
Foods
Bark, buds, forbs, grain, grass, leaves and twigs, and soft mast
Control non-native invasive vegetationEstablish native grasses and forbs Fish or wildlife surveyPlant shrubsWildlife damage management Mowing
Cover
Thick shrubs and burrows for nesting and cover.
Water
Necessary water obtained from diet.
Male mountain cottontail
Female mountain cottontail
Baby mountain cottontail
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