Zaidul Ariff Project Additional Mathematics Work 2 SPM 2012
SEKOLAH BERASRAMA PENUH
INTEGRASI SELANDAR, MELAKA
NAME : ZAIDUL ARIFF BIN ABDUL MALEK
CLASS : 5 AL-RAZI
I/C No : 950201-03-6587
TEACHER : EN. AMIRULFAIZAN BIN AHMAD
CONTENTS
NO CONTENT PAGE
ADDITIONAL
MATHEMATICS
PROJECT WORK 2/2012
Zaidul Ariff Project Additional Mathematics Work 2 SPM 2012
1 OBJECTIVES
2 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
3 INTRODUCTION
4 PART 1
PART 1 (a)
PART 1 (b)(i)
PART 1 (b)(ii)
5 PART 2
6 PART 3
7 FURTHER EXPLORATION
8 CONCLUSION
9 REFLECTION
OBJECTIVES
The aims of carrying this project works are :
Zaidul Ariff Project Additional Mathematics Work 2 SPM 2012
To apply and adapt a variety of problem-solving strategies to solve problems
To improve thinking skills
To promote effective mathematical communication
To develop mathematical knowledge to problem solving in a way that increases student
interest and confidence
To use the language of mathematics to express mathematical ideas precisely
To develop positive attitude towards mathematics
Acknowledgements
We praise Allah for His favour to us in completing this project work. Our gratitude to the
Almighty for good health and compelling strength throughout this research and project. First and
foremost, I would like to say thanks to Principal of Sekolah Berasrama Penuh Integrasi Selandar,
Zaidul Ariff Project Additional Mathematics Work 2 SPM 2012
Melaka, Ayahanda En. Karim Bin Bayok who allows us to create AdditionalMathematics Project
Work 2 Folio 2012 until it is done. I would like to say extremely thankful to our additional
mathematic teacher,En. Amirulfaizan for sacrificing his precious time for us. Also thanks to my
parents, En. Abdul Malek bin Alias and Pn. Nublini bt. Hj Mohd Ghazali for their support and
always help me to finish this folio. Their invaluable guidance, advices and subtle direction of our
effort throughout the development of this research are much appreciated.I am deeply grateful to
our friends and families for helping us out. Their concerning and guidance help me in completing
this assignment. Hopefully God may bless your kindness.
Thank you.
Introduction
There are are a lot of things around us related to the food especially about the
calories intake in our daily life. Have you ever chart your calories? Our body burn the
calories obtained from food for energy. Many people pay close attention to the number
of calories they consume each day. Some may be concerned with losing or gaining
Zaidul Ariff Project Additional Mathematics Work 2 SPM 2012
weight, while others simply wish to keep track of what they eat.For many people ,
becoming aware of their caloric intake is an important part of understanding the body’s
overall nutritional needs.
For years now, calories have been all the rage -- people are counting them and
cutting them, and you'd be hard-pressed to find something at the supermarket that does
not list its calories per serving somewhere on the package. But have you ever wondered
what exactly a calorie is?
In this article, we'll find out what calories are and why we need them, and examine the
relationship between calories and weight.
Definition
A calorie is a measure of energy expenditure. The calories referred to in diet and exercise
are kilocalories (kcal) - 1000 of the calories referred to in science labs for measuring chemical
reactions.
Zaidul Ariff Project Additional Mathematics Work 2 SPM 2012
A pound of fat stores 3500 calories (kcal). To lose a pound of fat a week a person must
eat approximately 500 fewer calories (kcal) per day than he/she expends.
The range of daily calorie burning is from 1600 for a sedentary woman or older people to
2800 for active men, very active women and teenage boys. Walking expends approximately 100
calories per mile for a 150 pound person.
Pronunciation: cal er ee
Common Misspellings: calourie
Examples:
I will walk for 3.5 miles to burn off the calories in that Snickers bar.
History
The calorie was not a unit of heat in the original metric system. Some histories state that a
defined Calorie (modern kcal) originated with Favre and Silbermann in 1852 or Mayer in 1848.
However, Nicholas Clément introduced Calories in lectures on heat engines that were given in
Zaidul Ariff Project Additional Mathematics Work 2 SPM 2012
Paris between 1819 and 1824. The Calorie was already defined in Bescherelle's
1845 Dictionnaire National. In 1863, the word entered the English language through translation
of Ganot's popular French physics text, which defined a Calorie as the heat needed to raise the
temperature of 1 kg of water from 0 to 1°C. Berthelot distinguished between g- and kg-calories
by 1879, and Raymond used the kcal in a discussion of human energy needs in an 1894 medical
physiology text. The capitalized Calorie as used to indicate 1 kcal on U.S. food labels derives
from Atwater's 1887 article on food energy in Century magazine and Farmers' Bulletin 23 in
1894. Formal recognition began in 1896 when the g-calorie was defined as a secondary unit of
energy in the cm-g-s measurement system. The thermal calorie was not fully defined until the
20th century, by which time the nutritional Calorie was embedded in U.S. popular culture and
nutritional policy.
Zaidul Ariff Project Additional Mathematics Work 2 SPM 2012
Zaidul Ariff Project Additional Mathematics Work 2 SPM 2012
Guidelines for the Implementation ofAdditional Mathematics Project Work 2012
1. Every student taking Additional Mathematics is required to carry out a project work in Form 5.
2. The aims of carrying out this project work are to enable students to:a) apply mathematics to everyday situations and appreciate the importance and the beauty of
mathematics in everyday lives;b) improve problem-solving skills, thinking skills, reasoning and mathematical communication;c) develop positive attitude and personalities and intrinsic mathematical values such as accuracy,
confidence and systematic reasoning;d) stimulate learning environment that enhances effective learning, inquiry-based and team-
work.e) develop mathematical knowledge in a way which increases students’ interest and confidence.
3. The project work can be done in groups or individually but each student is expected to submit an individual written report. The written report should emphasise among others problem-solving strategies, communication in mathematics and reasoning, as clearly outlined in the rubric. The
duration to complete this project work should not exceed three weeks.
4. The task and the rubric are to be distributed to the students together with the guidelines. Teachers need to discuss with their students the content of the guidelines and the rubric so that’ students are able to gauge the needs and requirements to complete their project work. It is also necessary that teachers organize, guide and monitor groups so that each member of the group
would be able to work effectively as a team.
5. The individually written report must be handed in by the end of the third week. Students’ written report will be marked according to the rubric. Oral presentation by the students is highly
encouraged in order to develop social skills and presentation skills.
6. The use of technology such as graphing calculator and computer software is strongly encouraged. Using software such as Microsoft Excel, Geometer’s Sketchpad and GeoGebra as
aids in solving problems will enable complex calculations to be solved much easier besides giving the students experience and useful skills in using technologies.
7. It is suggested that this project work contributes 10% of the marks for the trial examination of the Sijil Pelajaran Malaysia (SPM). Certificates will be awarded to students who hand in their
written reports. Certificates are based on the following scores and grades.
Zaidul Ariff Project Additional Mathematics Work 2 SPM 2012
PART I
For this part of the project, you will have to work individually.
(a) Make a list of the number of calories per serving of at least ten common or popular food amongst Malaysians.
(b) Record the number of calories you consume over a one-week period (seven days). At the end of the period, you will find your average calorific consumption and write a brief
summary of your findings. Use the chart shown to record the number of calories contained in each food you eat at every meal including snacks.
(c) Find the recommended average daily caloric intake amounts recommended by the Malaysian government and compare that to your average daily caloric intake.
CHARTING YOUR CALORIES
Our body burn the calories obtained from food for energy. Many people pay close attention to the number of calories they consume each day. Some may be concerned with losing or gaining weight, while others simply wish to keep track of what they eat.For many people , becoming aware of their caloric intake is an important part of understanding the body’s overall nutritional needs.
Zaidul Ariff Project Additional Mathematics Work 2 SPM 2012
NUMBER OF CALORIES PER SERVING OF MALAYSIAN FOODS
Ayam Masak MerahServing Size: 110g, Calories: 81.6, Fat: 4.8g, Carbs: 1.8g, Protein: 7.8g
Char Kuey TeowServing Size: 1plate, Calories: 321.9, Fat: 15.5g, Carbs: 36.2g, Protein: 9.4g
Fish Head CurryServing Size: 414 g, Calories: 385, Fat: 2g, Carbs: 0g, Protein: 18g
Kuih Seri MukaServing Size: 99 g, Calories: 192.2, Fat: 0g, Carbs: 35.9g, Protein: 3.6g
Penang Asam LaksaServing Size: 1 bowl, Calories: 432, Fat: 2g, Carbs: 83g, Protein: 21.1g
Nasi AyamServing Size: 250 g, Calories: 277.2, Fat: 3.2g, Carbs: 46g, Protein: 16.1g
Nasi GorengServing Size: 330 g, Calories: 637.9, Fat: 25.1g, Carbs: 86.8g, Protein: 16.2g
Nasli LemakServing Size: 230 g, Calories: 389.5, Fat: 13.1g, Carbs: 58.2g, Protein: 9.7g
Teh TarikServing Size: 1 cup, Calories: 142, Fat: 0g, Carbs: 22.8g, Protein: 4g
TomYam ChickenServing Size: 400 g, Calories: 204.6, Fat: 7g, Carbs: 12.4g, Protein: 25g
Zaidul Ariff Project Additional Mathematics Work 2 SPM 2012
CALORIES CONSUME OVER A ONE-WEEK PERIOD
Meal Plan for a whole day :
MONDAY
BREAKFASTFried rice - 1 plate 400.70 calMilk, Low Fat (Susu Lemak Rendah) - 240 gram 207.50calSubtotal 608.20 cal
LUNCHWater (Air Kosong) - 8 oz 0.00 calNasi Goreng - 1 plate 637.90calFruit 137.00calSubtotal 774.90cal
SNACK ( TEA)Tea Tarik - 120gram 148.55calCookies - 2pieces 292.20calSubtotal 440.75cal
DINNERNasi Putih (White Rice) - 1 plate 166.50calFish Curry 433.00calWater (Air Kosong) - 8 oz 0.00 calVegetables, mixed - 1 plate 157.40calSubtotal 756.90cal
LATE NIGHT SNACKTea Tarik - 120gram 148.55calWholemeal bread - 2 slices 257.40calSubtotal 423.95calTotal 3004.70cal
Zaidul Ariff Project Additional Mathematics Work 2 SPM 2012
TUESDAY
BREAKFASTCereal For Breakfast - 3Ogram 209.00 cal3 in 1 MILO packet 218.10calSubtotal 427.10 cal
LUNCHWater (Air Kosong) - 8 oz 0.00 calNasi Ayam - 1 plate 477.20calVegetables - 1 plate 257.40calFruit 137.00calSubtotal 871.60cal
SNACK ( TEA)Tea Tarik - 120gram 148.55calCookies - 2pieces 292.20calSubtotal 240.75cal
DINNERNasi Putih (White Rice) - 1 plate 166.50calChicken, soup - 200gram 201.30calFruit 137.00calWater (Air Kosong) - 8 oz 0.00 calVegetables, mixed - 1 plate 257.40calSubtotal 762.20cal
LATE NIGHT SNACKMilk, Low Fat (Susu Lemak Rendah) - 240 gram 207.50 calWholemeal bread - 4 slices 514.80calSubtotal 722.30calTotal 3023.95cal
WEDNESDAY
BREAKFASTNasi Lemak - 1 plate 389.50 cal3 in 1 MILO packet 118.10calSubtotal 507.60 cal
LUNCHWater (Air Kosong) - 8 oz 0.00 calChicken curry with rice - 1 plate 470.70calVegetables mixed - 1 plate 257.40calFruit 137.00calSubtotal 865.10cal
SNACK ( TEA)Nescafe 3 in 1 88.70calCookies - 2pieces 192.20calSubtotal 280.90cal
DINNERNasi Goreng(fried rice) - 1 plate 637.90calWater (Air Kosong) - 8 oz 0.00 calFried Chicken 232.20calSubtotal 870.10cal
LATE NIGHT SNACKBread, white - 2 slices 242.80calTeh Tarik 148.55calSubtotal 391.35calTotal 2915.65cal
Zaidul Ariff Project Additional Mathematics Work 2 SPM 2012
THURSDAY
BREAKFASTNasi Goreng (fried rice) -330gram 637.90 calTeh Tarik 148.55calSubtotal 735.60 cal
LUNCHWater (Air Kosong) - 8 oz 0.00 calNasi putih (White Rice) - 1 plate 166.50calVegetables mixed - 1 plate 257.40calFried Chicken 432.20calFruit 37.00calSubtotal 893.10cal
SNACK ( TEA)Tea Tarik - 120gram 148.55calBiscuits – 28gram 311.30calSubtotal 459.85cal
DINNERNasi Putih (White Rice) - 1 plate 166.50calAyam Masak Merah – 110gram 181.60calWater (Air Kosong) - 8 oz 0.00 calVegetables, mixed - 1 plate 257.40calFruit – 242gram 120.00calSubtotal 625.50cal
LATE NIGHT SNACKWater (Air Kosong) - 8 oz 0.00 calJacobs Hi-Fibre – 28gram 111.30calBihun Soup – 325gram 356.20calSubtotal 467.50calTotal 3081.55cal
FRIDAY
BREAKFASTBihun Soup – 325gram 356.20calWater (Air Kosong) - 8 oz 0.00 calSubtotal 356.20cal
LUNCHWater (Air Kosong) - 8 oz 0.00 calNasi putih (White Rice) - 1 plate 166.50calChicken Curry – 200gram 402.20calEgg – 60gram 68.50calFruit 137.00calSubtotal 774.20cal
SNACK ( TEA)Tea O’ 0.00calCookies - 4pieces 384.40calSubtotal 384.40cal
DINNERNasi Putih (White Rice) - 1 plate 166.50calFried fish 381.00calWater (Air Kosong) - 8 oz 0.00 calSpinach – I cup 6.10calFruit – 242gram 120.00calSubtotal 673.60cal
LATE NIGHT SNACKMilk, Low Fat (Susu Lemak Rendah) - 240 gram 207.50 calNasi Goreng (fried rice) -330gram 637.90 calSubtotal 845.40calTotal 3033.80cal
Zaidul Ariff Project Additional Mathematics Work 2 SPM 2012
SATURDAY
BREAKFASTRoti Canai – 95gram 301.50cal3 in 1 MILO packet 118.10calSubtotal 419.60cal
LUNCHWater (Air Kosong) - 8 oz 0.00 calNasi Ayam - 1 plate 277.20calVegetables - 1 plate 80.00calFruit 137.00calSubtotal 494.20cal
SNACK ( TEA)Tea Tarik - 120gram 148.55calCookies - 2pieces 192.20calSubtotal 340.75cal
DINNERNasi Goreng (fried rice) -330gram 637.90 calEgg Sambal – 80gram 174.10calFried Checken 232.20calWater (Air Kosong) - 8 oz 0.00 calVegetables, mixed - 1 plate 157.40calSubtotal 1201.60cal
LATE NIGHT SNACKMilk, Low Fat (Susu Lemak Rendah) - 240 gram 207.50 calFast food (burger) – 100gram 558.80calSubtotal 766.30calTotal 3104.35cal
SUNDAY
BREAKFASTNasi Lemak – 230gram 389.50calNescafe, Mocha 92.50calSubtotal 482.00cal
LUNCHOrange Juice – 24gram 100.00 calChicken rice - 1 plate 555.60calVegetables - 1 plate 80.00calFruit 137.00calSubtotal 872.60cal
SNACK ( TEA)Water (Air Kosong) - 8 oz 0.00 calCookies - 4pieces 384.40calSubtotal 384.40cal
DINNERNasi Putih (White Rice) - 1 plate 166.50calCreamy Checken & Vegetables 437.00calWater (Air Kosong) - 8 oz 0.00 calVegetables, mixed - 1 plate 157.40calSubtotal 760.90cal
LATE NIGHT SNACKWhite Coffee 197.70calRoti Bakar –Wholemeal bread - 3 slices 352.20calSubtotal 550.20calTotal 3050.10cal
Zaidul Ariff Project Additional Mathematics Work 2 SPM 2012
ONE-WEEK PERIOD CALORIES CONSUMPTION
Total of caloriesover a one-week period :
3004.70 + 2529.55 + 2815.65 + 2205.35 +2261.10 + 2532.95 + 2440.40
= 17 789.70kcal
Average Caloric Consumption:
Formula:
Average,mean = ∑ calories per day over a one-week period
N, Number of days over a one-week period
= 3004.70 + 2529.55 + 2815.65 + 2205.35 + 2261.10 + 2532.95 + 2440.40
7= 17 789.70
MONDAY
3004.70kcal
TUESDAY
3023.95kcal
WEDNESD
AY
2915.65kcal
THURSDAY
3081.55kcal
FRIDAY
3033.80kcal
SATURDAY
3104.35kcal
SUNDAY
3050.10kcal
Zaidul Ariff Project Additional Mathematics Work 2 SPM 2012
7= 2541.40
Average caloric consumption in a day is : 2541.40kcal
Brief summary:
Based on the results of the number of calories that I have consumed over a one-week period (seven days) shown in the table, I have consumed about 2541.40kcal in a day. For Monday, the
total number of calories intake for a whole day are 3004.10kcal, followed by Tuesday-2529.55kcal, Wednesday-2815.65kcal, Thursday-2205.35kcal, Friday-2261.10kcal, Saturday-
2532.95kcal, and Sunday-2440.40kcal. On Monday, the total of calories intake is the highest one compared to the others. This is because of the energy needed for the day is very high with the
sports training activity besides the starter of school day after two days of weekend days, Saturday and Sunday.
BAR CHART
Bar chart above shows the number of calories intake per day over a one-week period
Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
Friday
Saturday
Sunday
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500
Number of Calories intake
Number of Calories intake
Zaidul Ariff Project Additional Mathematics Work 2 SPM 2012
RECOMMENDED AVERAGE DAILY CALORIC INTAKE
Zaidul Ariff Project Additional Mathematics Work 2 SPM 2012
Recommended average daily caloric intake amounts recommended by the Malaysian Government
&The comparison between the government average daily
caloric intake and my average daily calorific intake
The table showed the number of recommended average daily calorific intake amounts for all stages from many ages.
Recommended average daily calorific intake amounts recommended by the Malaysian government based on the summary table shown is:
For the age around 16-18years (adolescent-boys),
the recommended calorific intake amounts for a day is = 2840kcal
The Comparison calorific intake:
Recommended by the Malaysian Government : 2840kcalMy calorific intake in a day (based on the calculation) : 2541.4kcal
Difference between both calorific intake: = 2840cal – 2541.4kcal= 298.6kcal
Based on the calculation above, the differences between the recommended calorific intake amounts and my calorific intake amounts in a day is about 298.6cal. So, I need about 298.6cal
more to reach the best value of calorific intake amounts suggested by the government.
Zaidul Ariff Project Additional Mathematics Work 2 SPM 2012
PART II
You can estimate the number of calories you burn during an activity by using this formula:
Your weight(kg) x calories per hour per kg x time(hour) = total caloriesOr use the calorie calculator from http://www.nutriweb.org.my/calorieburner.php
(a) Make a chart for the time you spend on your daily activities over the period of seven days and the calories that you burn during activities.
(b) Find out wether all the activities that you do are enough to help you keep your ideal weight. Give reasons and suggestions.
HOW MANY CALORIES DO YOU BURN EACH DAY?
Physical activities burn calories. But do you know how many calories you burn each day? This part of the project will help you find out. Besides keeping track of your daily caloric intake, you will also keep track of your daily activities for seven days. Based on the time you spend in each activity, you will calculate the total number of calories you need for the activity. You will then find the total number of calories you burn each day.
Zaidul Ariff Project Additional Mathematics Work 2 SPM 2012
Total calories expenditure for a 24 hour period per day over a one-week period
MONDAYACTIVITY DURATION(min) CALORIES BURNT
Walking slowly (4km/h) 240 635.2Sleeping 420 453.6
Sitting Quietly 240 302.4Sitting (eating) 60 82.8Sitting (writing) 345 400.3
Ironing 10 19.8Sweeping floor 10 37.2
Badminton 75 436.5Solat (prayer) 40 80.0
Total Duration : 1440 Total Calories : 2367.8
TUESDAYACTIVITY DURATION(min) CALORIES BURNT
Walking slowly (4km/h) 270 739.6Sleeping 360 388.8
Sitting Quietly 240 302.4Sitting (eating) 60 82.8Sitting (writing) 330 374.2
Ironing 10 19.8Walking briskly (6km/h) 40 177.6
Footbal 90 512.8Solat (prayer) 40 80.0
Total Duration : 1440 Total Calories : 2678.0
Zaidul Ariff Project Additional Mathematics Work 2 SPM 2012
WEDNESDAYACTIVITY DURATION(min) CALORIES BURNT
Walking slowly (4km/h) 240 635.2Sleeping 420 453.6
Sitting Quietly 225 283.5Sitting (eating) 60 82.8Sitting (writing) 345 400.3
Ironing 10 19.8Walking briskly (6km/h) 10 44.4
Badminton 90 523.8Solat (prayer) 40 80.0
Total Duration : 1440 Total Calories : 2523.4
THURSDAYACTIVITY DURATION(min) CALORIES BURNT
Sleeping 450 486Sitting Quietly 240 302.4Sitting (eating) 60 82.8Sitting (writing) 330 374.2
Ironing 10 19.8Walking slowly (4km/h) 240 635.2Walking briskly (6km/h) 10 44.4
Tennis 50 327Jogging 10 67.2
Solat (prayer) 40 80.0Total Duration : 1440 Total Calories : 2419.0
Zaidul Ariff Project Additional Mathematics Work 2 SPM 2012
FRIDAYACTIVITY DURATION(min) CALORIES BURNT
Sleeping 420 453.6Sitting Quietly 195 245.7Sitting (eating) 60 82.8Sitting (writing) 315 396.1
Ironing 10 19.8Walking slowly (4km/h) 300 744Walking briskly (6km/h) 50 222
Basketball 30 248.4Running (slow)(8km/h) 20 183.6
Solat (prayer) 40 80.0Total Duration : 1440 Total Calories : 2500.0
SATURDAYACTIVITY DURATION(min) CALORIES BURNT
Sleeping 420 453.6Sitting Quietly 195 245.7Sitting (eating) 60 82.8Sitting (writing) 320 400.1
Ironing 10 19.8Walking slowly (4km/h) 300 744Walking briskly (6km/h) 50 222
Basketball 30 248.4Running (slow)(8km/h) 20 183.6
Solat (prayer) 40 80.0Total Duration : 1440 Total Calories : 2504.0
Zaidul Ariff Project Additional Mathematics Work 2 SPM 2012
SUNDAYACTIVITY DURATION(min) CALORIES BURNT
Walking slowly (4km/h) 190 441.2Sleeping 450 486
Sitting Quietly 240 302.4Sitting (eating) 60 82.8Sitting (writing) 345 400.3
Ironing 20 39.6Sweeping floor 10 37.2
Badminton 75 436.5Solat (prayer) 40 80.0
Total Duration : 1440 Total Calories : 2246.0
Chart the number of calories burnt against days
Monday
Tuesd
ay
Wed
nesday
Thursd
ayFri
day
Saturd
ay
Sunday
2000
2100
2200
2300
2400
2500
2600
2700
2800
2367.8
2678
2523.4
2419
2500 2504.1
2246
The calories burnt during activities per day
The calories burnt during activi-ties per day
Days
Num
ber o
f cal
orie
s bur
nt
The chart above showed the number of calories burnt in a day through the time I spend on my daily physical activities over the period of seven days.
Brief explanation:
Zaidul Ariff Project Additional Mathematics Work 2 SPM 2012
Do all the activities that I have done are enough to help I keep my ideal weight?
The answer:
Based on all the activities that I have done throughout my daily life, I found that there is not good enough and need to improve of my daily activities to increase the total number of calories burnt. But, this matter is not too serius and still around the normal level in keeping my ideal weight.
Reasons and Suggestions:
My average daily caloric intake amounts = 2542.4cal
My average daily caloric burnt throughout physical activities in a day :
Average Caloric Burnt in a day:
Formula:
Average,mean = ∑ calories burnt per day over a one-week period through daily activities
N, Number of days over a one-week period
= 2367.8 + 2678.0 + 2523.4 + 2419.0 + 2500.0 + 2504.1 + 2246.0
7= 17 238.3
7= 2462.6kcal
Average caloric burnt in a day is : 2462.6kcal
Reasons and Suggestions:
Zaidul Ariff Project Additional Mathematics Work 2 SPM 2012
The reason why my daily activities are not perfect enough to keep my ideal weight is as we know, to maintain our ideal weight, the calories intake amounts from foods in a day should be stabilised by the amount of calories burnt throughout our daily activities, where both must have similar input and output. In my case, the suggestion is I need to increase my total number of calories burnt to reach the same value as calories intake amounts by improving my basic level of daily activities. For additional informations, in order to lose my weight, I need to eat less calories per day than my body needs. To lose 1lb, equal to 1kg a week I need a negative calorie balance of 500 calories per day. To lose weight at 2lb, equal to 2kg a week I need to reduce my calorie intake by 1000 calories a day.
There are included some suggestions on how to speed up my rate of burning calories
Build Muscle
Increase the amount of muscle in your body. For every extra pound of muscle you put on, your body uses around 50 extra calories a day. In a recent study, researchers found that regular weight
training boosts basal metabolic rate by about 15%. This is because muscle is ‘metabolically active’ and burns more calories than other body tissue even when you’re not moving.
Training with weights just 3 times a week for around 20 minutes is enough to build muscle. Not only will you be burning more calories, you’ll look better – whatever your weight.
Move More
INFORMATION FROM WEIGHT LOSS RESOURCES AGENCY
A body that consumes 2500 calories a day, and burns 2500 calories a day will stay at the same weight. A body
consuming 2500 calories daily but burning only 2000 will gain weight at the rate of about 1lb a week.
Zaidul Ariff Project Additional Mathematics Work 2 SPM 2012
Although the average person burns around 30% of calories through daily activity, many sedentary people only use around 15%. Simply being aware of this fact – and taking every
opportunity to move can make quite a dramatic difference to the amount of calories you burn.
The trick is to keep the ‘keep moving’ message in mind. Write the word ‘move’ on post-it notes and put them in places you’ll notice them when you’re sitting still. Then, take every opportunity
to move – here’s some ideas for burning calories:
Tap your feetSwing your legs
Drum your fingersStand up and stretch
Move your head from side to sideChange position
Wriggle and fidgetPace up and down
Don’t use the internal phone – go in personUse the upstairs loo
Park in the furthest corner of the car parkStand up when you’re on the phone
Clench and release your musclesYou’ll find lots of opportunities for burning more calories if you remember that you’re looking
for them! Keep thinking ‘keep moving’.
Eat Spicy Food
There is evidence to show that spices, especially chilli, can raise the metabolic rate by up to 50% for up to 3 hours after you’ve eaten a spicy meal.
Drinks containing caffeine also stimulate the metabolism, as does green tea.
Aerobic Exercise
As well as the actual amount of calories burned during exercise – studies have shown that sustained, high-intensity exercise makes you burn more calories for several hours afterwards.
Zaidul Ariff Project Additional Mathematics Work 2 SPM 2012
Try 30 minute sessions of heart rate raising exercise, such as vigorous walking, step aerobics, jogging, cycling or swimming, 3-4 times a week.
Eat Little and Often
There is some evidence to suggest that eating small, regular meals will keep your metabolism going faster than larger, less frequent meals. There are two reasons why meal frequency may
affect your metabolism. Firstly, levels of thyroid hormones begin to drop within hours of eating a meal, and metabolism slows. Secondly, it may be that the thermogenic effect of eating several
small meals is slightly higher than eating the same amount of calories all at once.
Provided your small meals don’t degenerate into quick-fix, high fat, high sugar snacks, eating little and often can also help to control hunger and make you less likely binge.
Zaidul Ariff Project Additional Mathematics Work 2 SPM 2012
PART III
Work in a group of 5 individuals.
(a) Make a frequency table with a suitable class interval for the daily calorie burn for a one-week period. (From data in Part II)
(b) Draw a histogram and find the mode of the average calorie burn for your group.
Calorie Burnt(kcal)
Midpoint Frequency
2201-2300 2250.5 1
2301-2400 2350.5 1
2401-2500 2450.5 1
2501-2600 2550.5 3
2601-2700 2650.5 1
Frequency table for daily caloric burnt for a one-week period
Zaidul Ariff Project Additional Mathematics Work 2 SPM 2012
Calorie Burnt(kcal)
Midpoint Upper Boundary
LowerBoundary
Frequency
2201-2300 2250.5 2300.5 2200.5 12301-2400 2350.5 2400.5 2300.5 12401-2500 2450.5 2500.5 2400.5 12501-2600 2550.5 2600.5 2500.5 32601-2700 2650.5 2700.5 2600.5 1
Grouped data of caloric burnt over a one-week period
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
Histogram of caloric burnt over a one-week period
caloric burnt (kcal)
Frequency
2200.5 2300.5 2400.5 2500.5 2600.5 2700.52550.5
Zaidul Ariff Project Additional Mathematics Work 2 SPM 2012
Histogram of caloric burnt over a one-week period
Modal class = 2501-2600kcal
Mode (from the histogram above) = 2550.5kcal
FURTHER EXPLORATION
Calculate the variance and standard deviation from your data above.
*The calculation is based on the caloric burnt data over a one-week period.
Mean, = ∑ calories burnt per day over a one-week period through daily activities
N, Number of days over a one-week period
= 2367.8 + 2678.0 + 2523.4 + 2419.0 + 2500.0 + 2504.1 + 2246.0
7= 17 238.3
7= 2462.6
Variance, σ2 = ∑x2
N = 2367.82 + 2678.02 + 2523.42 + 2419.02 + 2500.02 + 2504.12 + 2246.02 2462.62
7 = 42 562 302.2 _ 2462.62
7 = 15 930.127
Standard deviation, σ = √15 930.127
= 126.215
x̅G2
x̅G
Zaidul Ariff Project Additional Mathematics Work 2 SPM 2012
CONCLUSION
After I accomplished this project, I have found that the mathematics is fun and very
useful in daily life. I have learnt the important of perseverance as time will be inverted to ensure
the completion and excellence of this project.
On the other hands , I have learnt the virtue to making together as I have helped and received
help from my fellow peers in the production of this project. I realised the important to be
thankful and appreciative during completing this task. This is because I able to apply my
mathematical knowledge in daily life and appreciate the beauty of mathematic.
This project is a several training stage for me to prepare myself for the demands of my future
undertaking in the university and work life.
Zaidul Ariff Project Additional Mathematics Work 2 SPM 2012
REFLECTION
While I conducting this project, there is a lot of information that I have found. I have learnt how
loan is calculated. Apart from that, this project encourages the student to work together and share
their knowledge. It is also encourages student to gather information from the internet, improve
thinking skills and promote effective mathematical communication. Not only that, I had learned
some moral values that I can practice. This project had taught me to responsible on the works
that are given to me to be completed. This project also had made me felt more confidence to do
works and not to give easily when we could not find the solution for the question. I also learned
to be more discipline on time, which I was given only 3 weeks to complete this project and pass
up to my teacher just in time. I also enjoy doing this project as I need to spend my time with
friends to complete this project and it had tightens our friendship.