NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
HUMAN MEDICIN FACULTY
Pedro Ruiz Gallo
SUBJECT: MEDICAL ENGLISH
PROFESSOR: Rosa Gonzáles Llontop
ONCOLOGY
TEAM 8:Burga Cueva Jonatan
Cabanillas Ventura JorgeChapoñán Bances Cristhian
Torres Tafur KarinaZulueta Santacruz JaroslavZúñiga Callacna Gustavo
ONCOLOGY
Branch of science that deals with tumours and cancers
“ONCO” “-LOGY”
mass, or tumor study
Literally means
CANCERBegins
When cells in a part of the body start to grow out of control
There are many kinds of cancer, but they all start because of abnormal cells which GROW OUT OF
CONTROL.
Role of an oncologist
«Cancer specialists» Called:
Oncologists have several specific roles
Diagnosis of the cancer
Staging the cancer
Grading the aggressive nature of the cancer
Treatment of cancer may involve other specialists as:
Surgeons
Radiation oncologists
Radiotherapist however, The cancer therapy is coordinated by the oncologists
NEW METHODS OF CANCER DETECTION
Recent research for cancer are based on early detection
People usually start treatment when there are physical symptoms of disease
COMMONLY in BREAST CANCER, it’s been used a new mammography to detect tumors.
GAMMA RAY DETECTORS.
It has higher resolution machine, specifically dedicated to detecting breast cancer at early
stages and its assessment in later
But now we have
A team of British researchers has developed a SYSTEM TO DIAGNOSE TUMORS UP TO FIVE YEARS,before it is detected with conventional methods
The system is based on how the immune system responds in the early stages of tumor
development
METHOD: Analyzing only 10 milliliters of blood, the cancer is detected.
Surgeons who operate strive cancer kill cancer cells preserve as much healthy tissue as they can
Unfortunately, cancer cells are notoriously difficult to identify with the eyes
A group of the National Cancer Institute, has developed a FLUORESCENT SPRAY CAN HIGHLIGHT CANCER CELLS
But now
CANCER TREATMENTS
Surgery
In cases where the cancer is detected at an early stage, surgery may be ENOUGH TO CURE the patient by removing all cancer cells.
Radiation
Chemotherapy
The radiation to kill cancer cells directly by damaging them with high energy beams.
Chemotherapy drugs work by damaging cancer cells keep dividing and preventing their reproduction.
Antibodies
These antibodies can work through several different mechanisms, either depriving cancer cells of necessary signals or the direct death.
Specific inhibitors
They work by targeting specific proteins and processes that are almost always limited to cancer cells.
Inhibition of these processes prevents growth and division of cancerous cells.
For their specificity, the antibodies can be considered a type of specific inhibitors.
Vaccines
The purpose of cancer vaccines is to stimulate our body's defenses.
Biological Response Modifiers
These treatments use normal proteins that occur naturally in our bodies to stimulate own defenses against cancer.
In administering these proteins, treatment focuses on increasing the immune response of our bodies against cancer cells.
NANOTECHNOLOGY AGAINST TUMORS
new perspectives in cancer treatment
NANOTECHNOLOGY AGAINST TUMORS
In treating cancer with nanotechnology
could detect early tumors or destroy
cancer cells.
NANOTECHNOLOGY AGAINST TUMORS
PHOTOLUMINESCENT NANOPARTICLES
They help to recognize between cancerous cells and healthy cells Cell fluorescence microscopy loaded
nanoparticles.
NANOTECHNOLOGY AGAINST TUMORS
NANODEVICES
• They can produce a specific anticancer drug, particularly in deep tumors of the body.
WHAT IS METASTA
SIS?It is the spread
of a disease from one organ
to another NON-AFFECTED organ
Some cancer cells penetrate and infiltrate
normal tissues
What is metastasi
s?EXAMPLE
colon cancer has a tendency to metastasize
to the liver.
EXAMPLEStomach cancer
often metastasize to the ovary in
women, then called a Krukenberg tumor
metastasis and
primary cancer
BIOPSY can investigate the subpopulation of
cancer cells, except subpopulation with
metastatic potential.
THANK YOU!
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