Arman Azamian
Professor Stephens
Architecture 12
29 November 2015
The terms below represent the architectural terms from different time eras that show what it takes to put building structures together, either the materials that goes into the building such as, stucco, or the outcome from the material such as, bricks. The class of Architecture History has really interested me in the nature of buildings, especially of the Classical age era. It is because of this reason that I chose many of my terms on what it takes to build huge buildings with humongous columns, domes and geometrical stones. Although my terms mostly relate to the medieval age building structure and what it takes to construct these buildings, it shouldn’t limit one’s understanding of what it takes to build other structures of different ages since many of the tools and structures are similar for different eras, from gothic to modern. In my project I tried to use various terms to introduce as much as I can about the history of architecture. I have included terms that represent the base of a building or the exterior building structures that gives the skeleton of the whole unit. I also tried to include many terms that discuss the interior decorations. My goal in this project was to represent a combination of both exterior and interior design.
# TERM PRECISE DEFINITION
3 RELATED TERMS
IMAGE CITATION
1. Minaret A tall slender tower.
Mosque, Turret, Dome
orexca.com
2. Corbel Structural piece of wood or stone.
Console, Bracket, Ledge
Britannica.com
3. Buttress Support stone on sides of walls
Column, Mainstay, Framework
essential-humanities.net
4. Portico A porch with a roof and columns for support
Balcony, Patio, terrace
Artlex.com
5. Quoin Corner of building reinforced with bricks
Keystone, Cornerstone, Wedge
Architecture.about.com
6. Shaft Middle section of a column
Column, Rod, Pole
Studyblue.com
7. Gable A triangular portion of a wall
Ceiling, Rooftop, House covering
Architecturaldictionary.org
8. Pavilion Free standing structure
Tent, Canopy, Awning
Architecturaldictionary.org
9. Aisle Passageway between two sides
Yle, Alley, Walkway
Studyblue.com
10.
Baluster One of a series of short vertical posts
Rail, Handrail, Support
Architecturaldictionary.org
11.
Gadrooning
Curved molding as a decor
Flutings, silverware, Beadings
Architecturaldictionary.com
12.
Naos Inner chamber of a temple in classical architecture
Cella, Domus, Chamber
Architecturaldictionary.com
13.
Base The lowest member of column
Column, Shaft, Capital
courses.missouristate.edu
14.
Stylobate
The top step of a temple, forming the platform for the columns.
Column, Doric order, Crepidoma
courses.missouristate.edu
15.
Flutes The vertical channels in the columns of shaft
Shaft, Column, style
courses.missouristate.edu
16.
Metope The sunken pictorial panels between triglyphs in the Doric order.
Entablature, frieze, Triglyph
courses.missouristate.edu
17.
Echinus The convex molding supporting the abacus of a Doric capital.
Column, Capital, Abacus
Doric-column.com
18.
Cornice The upper member of the entablature.
Entablature, Ionic order, Raking cornice
courses.missouristate.edu
19.
Pronaos The porch in front of the naos or cella.
Cella, Naos, Stylobate
courses.missouristate.edu
20.
Abacus The uppermost member of a capital.
Doric order, Ionic order, Capital
Doric-column.com
21.
Frieze The middle member of entablature, usually decorated with sculpture.
Molding, Embellishment, Metope
courses.missouristate.edu
22.
Cupola A small dome located at top of a building
Lantern, Vault, Belfry
Architectrualtrust.org
23.
Facade An exterior wall of a building.
Face, Gothic, Frontage
Architectrualtrust.org
24.
Masonry Being of stone, brick, concrete
Texture, Pattern, Scale
Architectrualtrust.org
25.
Arcade A series of arches supported by columns or other vertical elements.
Colonnade, Dome, Covering
Architectrualtrust.org
26.
Apse A vaulted extension or projection usually in a circular or polygonal shape.
Chapel, Crypt, Niche
Pitt.edu
27.
Blind Arch
An arch applied to a wall
Blind Arcade, Relieving arch, Gallery
Pitt.edu
28.
Boss A projecting stone at the top of a dome
Rib, Vault, Keystone
Pitt.edu
29.
Crypt An underground chamber for relics or tombs
Confessio, Hall crypt, Cathedral
Pitt.edu
30.
Cinqfoil A five-lobed ornamental shape
Medieval, trefoil, quatrefoil
Pitt.edu
31.
Drum A cylindrical wall which supports a dome.
Dome, façade, Base for dome
Pitt.edu
32.
Drum pier
A massive cylindrical support
Column, Pier, Capital
Pitt.edu
33.
Fan vault A vault, which consists of fan-shaped half cones meeting in the center.
Net vault, Barrel, Groin
Pitt.edu
34.
Infilling The vault surface between the ribs of a rib vault
Webbing, Boss, Keystone
Pitt.edu
35.
Interlace Thread decoration in forms of laces
Style, decoration, Medieval
Pitt.edu
36.
Jamb A vertical element of a doorway
Window frame, Column, Trumeau
Pitt.edu
37.
Lancet Pointed windows that are slandered
Mullion, Gothic, decorative
Pitt.edu
38.
Soffit The underside on an arch with unique crafts.
Arch, Keystone, Springer
Pitt.edu
39.
Transept A Rectangular area that gives the church a shape of Latin cross
Medieval church, Choir, Crossing
Pitt.edu
40.
Voussoir A kind of wedge shaped stone used for constructing an arch.
Key stone, Springer, Archivolt
Pitt.edu
41.
Atrium An open courtyard at the entrance of a church
Yard, Cloister, Aisles
Pitt.edu
42.
Stucco A thin coating of plaster applied over exterior walls.
Ceiling, Render, Brick
Phmc.state.pa.us
43.
Pendant An Ornamental piece of wood or metal hanging down form a porch
Cornice, Bracket, hanging downward
Phmc.state.pa.us
44.
Parapet A low stone or brick wall at the top of a building.
Post, Base, Cap
Doric-column.com
45.
Oriel Window
A projecting window supported by brackets.
Triangular, Opening, Niche
Phmc.state.pa.us
46.
Mortar A mixture of sand, water, lime and cement for constructing building blocks
Bricks, stone, tile
Phmc.state.pa.us
47.
Lintel The flat horizontal piece at the top of a window or opening.
Columns, Sill, Post
Phmc.state.pa.us
48.
Finial A decorative piece on a gatepost.
Cupola, Gable, spire
Phmc.state.pa.us
49.
Eaves The edge of the roof that overhangs the exterior walls.
Surface protection, Ceilings, Roof
Doric-column.com
50.
Astragal A small convex molding on top of columns
Necking, Echinus, Abacus
Doric-column.com
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