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Skin CancerPrevention and EarlyDetection
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What is Cancer?
Occurs when cells in a body part begin togrow out of control and crowd out normalcells.
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What is
Skin Cancer?
Skin cancer is the
most common of
all cancers.
Most skin cancers are:
slow-growing
easy to recognize
relatively easy to treat when detected early
Most skin cancers are caused by too much
exposure to ultraviolet (UV) rays, mostly
from the sun but also from tanning beds.
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The American Cancer Society Estimates
More than one million new cases of basal andsquamous cell cancers occur annually in the UnitedStates.
The most serious form of skin cancer is melanoma.
This year approximately 68,720 people will bediagnosed with melanoma and approximately 8,650will die.
Melanoma rates are more than 10 times higher inCaucasians than in African Americans.
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Two Types of Skin Cancer
1. Non-Melanomas
(most common skin cancers) Include Basal Cell and Squamous Cell Cancers Can be fast or slow growing, but rarely spread
Found on sun exposed parts of body like the head and neck
This year approximately2,940 people will die from non-melanomaskin cancer
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Types of Skin Cancer
2. Melanomas
Can occur anywhere on the body
Less common, but more serious
Almost always curable when detectedearly
More likely to spread to other parts of
body
This year approximately 8,650 people willdie from melanoma
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What is Ultraviolet (UV) Radiation?
Ultraviolet (UV) rays are a form of invisible energy
given off by the sun
UV rays are divided into 3 wavelength ranges:
UVA Rays, causes long-term skin damage such
as wrinkles, but also play a role in some skincancers.
UVB Rays, direct damage to DNA, these rayscause sunburns, cause most skin cancers.
UVC Rays, do not penetrate atmosphere, notpresent in sunlight.
There are NO safe UV Rays!
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What is a tan?
Tanning, like sunburn, is literally a form of skininjury.
Ultraviolet radiation can damage your DNA at
a cellular level, which can lead to cancer.
Although people with light skin are more
susceptible, darker skinned people can also
be affected.
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What about tanning beds?
There is no evidence that tanning in a bed is anysafer than tanning in the sun -- in fact, sometanning beds release much stronger UV light thanthe sun does.
There is a 75% increase in risk for melanomaamong those who first use tanning beds in theirteens and early twenties.
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What is My Risk For Skin Cancer?
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Who is prone to sun damage?
Everyone!Everyone's skin and eyes can be affected by
the sun and other forms of UV rays.
Although people with light skin are much more
likely to have sun damage, darker-skinned
people, including African Americans and
Hispanic Americans, also can be affected.
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Factors that Increase Risk of Skin Cancer
Individuals who are lighter skinned, have
freckles, and have blond, red, or light
brown hair.
Individuals who work outdoors and or live
in high altitudes (due to increased UVrays).
Prior treatment with immune suppressing
medicine. Excessive exposure to light from tanning
lamps, booths or sunlight.
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How Can I Protect
Myself
From Skin Cancer?
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Steps for Sun Protection
Limit your sun exposure during
10am-4pm
Cover up your skin, especially your
arms and legs.
Wear a wide brimmed hat toprotect eyes, ears, and face.
Wear wrap-around sunglasses.
Use sunscreen of SPF 15 or
higher, and be sure to re-apply.
Avoid artificial sources of UV light
(tanning beds)
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What About Tanning Products?
Tanning Pills
The additives are distributed throughout the body,
especially the skin, turning it an orange-like color.
They are not approved for use as tanning agents and may
be harmful.
Tanning Accelerators
Such as lotions or pills that contain the amino acid
tyrosine or its derivatives, are not effective and may be
dangerous.
Bronzers and Extenders
Not considered harmful when used properly. These
products do not protect against UV exposure.
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What Should I
Know About EarlyDetection of Skin
Cancer?
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When Should I be Screened?
Get a cancer-related checkup by a doctor,including skin examination, every three years
between ages 20 and 40 and annually for those
40 and older.
See a doctor immediately if you notice any
warning signs.
Its important to check your own skin, preferably
once per month.
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What Should I Look For?
Basal cell cancers and squamous cell cancers aremost often found in areas that get exposed to a lot
of sun, such as the head, neck, and arms, but
they can occur elsewhere.
Look for new growths, spots, bumps, patches, or
sores that don't heal after 2 to 3 months.
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A (Asymmetry) one portionof the mole does notmatch the other
B (Border) edges are
irregular, notched, orblurred
C (Color) different shades ofblack or brown, patchy
colorsD (Diameter) spot is 6
millimeters across, orgrowing larger
A B
C D
Use ABCD Rule to Spot Melanoma
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Signs and Symptoms of Melanoma
Change in the size, shape or color of a mole, such as:
Signs that a moles border is becoming
more ragged
Spread of pigmentation beyond its border
Scaliness, bleeding or change in the appearance of a bump or
nodule
Change in sensation, itchiness, tenderness or pain in a
mole or other growth
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Face the mirror:
Check your face,
ears, neck, chest,
and belly. Womenwill need to lift
breasts to check the
skin underneath.
How to Check Your Skin:
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Face the Mirror
Check the underarm
areas, both sides of the
arms, the tops and
bottoms of your hands,
in between your
fingers, and fingernail
beds.
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Sit Down
Check the front of your
thighs, shins, tops of
your feet, in between
your toes, and toenail
beds.
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You will need a hand mirror for yourthighs, back, and scalp.
Now look at the bottoms of your feet,
your calves, and the backs of your
thighs, first checking one leg and then
the other.
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Use the hand mirror
to check the
buttocks, genital
area, lower back,upper back, and the
back of the neck.
Or it may be easier
to look at your back
in the wall mirrorusing a hand mirror.
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Use a comb or hair
dryer to part your
hair so that you can
check your scalp.
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How is Skin
Cancer
Diagnosed?
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Skin Cancer Diagnosis
History and Physical Exam
Dermascopy
Skin Biopsy
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How Is Skin
Cancer Treated?
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Treatment Options
Surgeryo Cryosurgery
o Laser Surgery
o Skin Grafting & Reconstructive Surgery
Chemotherapy
Radiation Therapy
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Why Is It So Important To
Get REGULAR Skin
Cancer Screenings?
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Survival Rates for Melanoma
Five-year survival rate when melanoma is found
early at its earliest stage..99%
Five-year survival rate when melanoma is found
after it has spread..18%
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Three Things To Remember
Nearly all skin cancers are preventable by limiting
unprotected exposure to the sun.
Most skin cancers can be treated successfully if
detected early even melanoma.
When out in the sun, seek shade and
Slip! Slop! Slap!Wrap!
Slip on a shirt
Slop on SPF 15+ sunscreen
Slap on a hat
Wrap on sunglasses
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Having Cancer is Hard.
Finding help isnt.Information on Cancer. Rides to Treatment. Financial
Assistance. Wigs. Emotional Support.
All American Cancer Society services are free.
Call 1.800.ACS.2345 today!
If you are affected by cancer
Call Us!
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How to get involved
with ACS
More than two million volunteersnationwide are currently making a
difference in the fight
against cancer.
We invite you to join them.
Volunteer in local cancer centers
Provide rides to cancer treatment
Join a community event
Join ACS Cancer Action Network and
contact legislators on cancer issues
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Want to learnmore?
Call 1-800-ACS-2345 orvisit www.cancer.org for
more information
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Questions?
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