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SPLINTING
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DEFINITION
Any apparatus, appliance or device
employed to prevent motion or
displacement of fractured ormovable parts
In dentistry, stabilization or
splintingrefers to tying teethtogether , either unilaterally or
bilaterally, to convey increased
stability to the entire unit.
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TYPES OF SPLINTS
TEMPORARY
PROVISIONAL
PERMANENT
REMOVABLE
FIXED
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TEMPORARY SPLINTS- worn for
less than 6 months and may not be
followed by additional splint therapy
PROVISIONAL SPLINTS- for
months up to several years with a
definitive end to splint therapy
PERMANENT SPLINTS- long term
stability of the dentition
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TEMPORARY SPLINTS
1. EXTRACORONAL
a. Wire and acrylic splint
b. Orthodontic band splint
c. Acid-etch splint
2. INTRACORONAL
a. A-splint
b. Composite and wire splint
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WIRE AND ACRYLICSPLINT
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A SPLINT
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Placement of interproximal
amalgam restorations is essential A retentive channel is cut through
amalgam
Stainless steel wire placed & fixedwith cold cure acrylic
A SPLINT
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WIRE & COMPOSITESPLINT
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FIBER SPLINT -RIBBOND
Flexible fiber adapted onto tooth
surfaces & bonded by resin
Easier adaptation & more
comfortable to patient
Economic unfeasibility
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PROVISIONAL SPLINTS
It is eventually replaced by
permanent full coverage crowns so
minimal preparation of the teeth is
required.
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FIXED SPLINTS
Cast metal partial dentures
Resin retained cast metal splints
Cast restorations
Partial veneer crowns
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RATIONALE FORSPLINTING
Control of forces of parafunction or
bruxing
Stabilization of mobile teeth for
masticatory comfort
Stabilization of mobile teeth during
surgical phase, especially
regenerative therapy
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Cross arch stabilization of an intact
or virtually intact natural dentition or
preservation of arch integrity
Stabilization of a severely
periodontally compromised toothwhen more definitive treatment is
not possible
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Restoration of the vertical
dimension of occlusion in a case
of posterior bite collapse
Prevention of the eruption of an
unopposed tooth
Post-orthodontic retention
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No satisfactory evidence that
splinting has a biological effect on
the progression of periodontal
disease.
It is no more than a mechanical
means to control mobility and tooth
position
CURRENT STATUS
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ADVANTAGES OF SPLINTING
Enhances the functional comfort of
the patient by reducing excessive
mobility
Renewed sense of confidence and
security to the patient
Achievement of a functional criteria
of acceptable occlusion
Teeth with diminished periodontal
support can function as abutments
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DISADVANTAGES OFSPLINTING
Not time and cost effective even
with simple methods employed
Fixed splints may mask importantsigns of continuing disease so that
they escape detection at
reassessment Removable splints are less
effective in providing stabilization
and may lead to increased mobility
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May apply excessive forces on theantagonists, or lead to functional
occlusal problems
Plaque control especiallyinterproximal difficult
Tooth preparations involves
otherwise intact teeth and mayinduce pulpal injury or
hypersenstivity
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Rigid splinting deprives their
periodontal ligaments of functional
stimulation and may lead to
atrophy.
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