gamo
mc
eml
oba
1
da
zo
ge
T e
ne
rg
ia
da
fi
na
ns
eb
i
1970-iani wl
ebis energetikul
ma krizisma daafiqra msof-
lio imaze,
Tu ra gziT ganviTarebul
iyo energetikul
i
seqtori
raTa,
msgavsi
krizisul
i
situacia
SemdgomSi
aRar g
anmeorebul
iyo.
am periodSi, fizikosma amori l
ovinsma gamoaqveyna publ
i-
kacia,
romel
ic mouwodebda mosaxl
eobas energo resur-
sebze moTxovnil
ebis efeqturi marTvisaken da ara energe-
tikul
i
obieqtebis
simZl
avreebis
zrdisken,
romel
sac
mzardi e
nergomoTxovnil
eba u
nda d
aekmayofil
ebina.
am periodidan dRemde Catarda ara erTi kvl
eva da Semu-
Savda mraval
i meTodol
ogia,
romel
ic xel
s uwyobs ener-
goefeqturobis z
rdas.
sabinao seqtorSi energoefeqturoba anu energiis dazogva
- im RonisZiebaTa erTobl
iobaa,
romel
Ta ganxorciel
ebac
saSual
ebas gvaZl
evs nakl
ebi raodenobis energiis moxmare-
biT SevinarCunoT an gavaumjobesoT sacxovrebel
i pirobe-
bi.
mniSvnel
ovania avRniSnoT,
rom energoefeqturobis gaum-
jobeseba Tqvens sacxovrebel
Si ar niSnavs mxol
od kom-
fortis gaumjobesebas,
es Tqveni gadasaxadebisa da gare-
moze mavne zemoqmedebis Semcirebacaa. dResdReobiT, ener-
getikul
resursebze moTxovnil
ebis zrdasTan erTad maTi
fasebic ganuwyvetel
iv izrdeba,
TiToeul
i ojaxis dana-
xarjebi energetikul
uzrunvel
yofaze momaval
Sic zrdis
tendencias SeinarCunebs da mZime tvirTad daawveba ojaxis
biujets.
amitom,
Tqvens sacxovrisSi energetikul
i da Se-
sabamisad
ekonomikuri
dazogvis
misaRwevad
upirvel
es
yovl
isa,
saWiroa Semdegi saxis dakvirvebis (m
artivi ener-
go a
uditis ) C
atareba:
- daaTval
iereT Tqveni saxl
is kedl
ebi,
fan-
jrebi,
karebi.
daakvirdiT dazianebebs,
Rio-
bebs s
aidanac S
esaZl
ebel
ia S
enobidan s
iTbos
gadineba a
nda c
ivi h
aeris S
emosvl
a;
2
- Seiswavl
eT
Tqveni
bina
(saxl
i),
daadgineT
sad ufro met energias moixmarT:
sasadil
o
oTaxSi, samzareul
oSi T
u g
anaTebisaTvis;
- daakvirdiT
rogori
ganaTebis
sistemebi
gaqvT;
- rogori gamaTbobl
ebi gaqvT damontaJebul
i,
ra raodenobis SeSa, gazi, el
eqtroenergia an
sxva r
esursi g
exarjebaT g
aTbobisaTvis;
- daiTval
eT Tqveni biujeti da gamoiangari-
SeT,
daaxl
oebiT ra Tanxa gexarjebaT gada-
saxadebze.
vimedovnebT,
rom am broSuris daxmarebiT SesZl
ebT gaar-
kvioT,
romel
i
RonisZiebebis
danergviTaa
SesaZl
ebel
i
energiisa d
a o
jaxis b
iujetis d
azogva.
Tb
ur
i d
an
ak
ar
ge
bi
Tq
ve
ns
sa
xl
Si
saqarTvel
oSi arsebul
i mraval
sarTul
iani da kerZo Seno-
bebi
umetesad
sabWoTa
periodSia
aSenebul
i
rodesac,
energiis dabal
i fasis gamo ignorirebul
i iyo konstruq-
ciebis s
iTbodamcavi R
onisZiebebi. aseTi S
enobebis g
aTboba
ki d
idi r
aodenobiT e
nergiis d
anaxarjs m
oiTxovs.
xSirad Senobebis umetesobas dazianebul
i aqvs SemomzRudi
konstruqciebi
(saxuravi,
fanjrebi,
kedl
ebi,
iataki
da
a.S
.).
CamoTvl
il
i dazianebebi ki energiis didi danakarge-
bis Z
iriTadi m
izezia.
energoefeqturi
RonisZiebebis
danergva
unda
daviwyoT
zemoT aRniSnul
i dazianebebis aRmofxvriT, raTa zamTarSi
nakl
ebi Tburi danakargebi gvqondes.
rogorc wesi,
siTbo
ZiriTadad f
anjrebidan, karebidan, sxvenidan d
a d
auTbune-
bel
i iatakidan ikargeba.
qvemoT warmodgenil
suraTze
Tval
naTl
iv Cans Senobis Tburi danakargebi. amis sail
us-
traciod infrawiTel
sxivebze (infrawiTel
i gamosxivebis
saSual
ebiT,
SesaZl
ebel
ia Tburi danakargebisa da Tboi-
zol
aciis defeqtebis aRmoCena) momuSave TermografiT ga-
daRebul
i suraTi gamodgeba.
suraTze TeTri,
yviTel
i da
wiTel
i ferebi siTbos danakargia. wiTel
i feri gviCvenebs
im a
real
s s
adac y
vel
aze m
eti r
aodenobis s
iTbo i
kargeba.
27
2.
energetikul
i kl
asis Taobaze: feradi kodis (A
- dan
G-mde) mixedviT m
iiRebT i
nformacias x
el
sawyos m
ier
moxmarebul
i e
nergiis r
aodenobis S
esaxeb.
3.
energiis
moxmarebaze,
mowyobil
obis
simZl
avreze
(mag.
macivrebisaTvis
kvt.s
T/w
, sarecxis
manqanebi-
saTvis k
vt.s
T/c
ikl
i).
en
er
go
ef
eq
tu
ro
bi
s
me
Sv
eo
bi
T
ga
da
sa
xa
de
bi
s
Se
mc
ir
eb
a
rogorc zemoT aRvniSneT,
energoefeqtruroba dagexmare-
baT,
SeamciroT
gadasaxadebi,
gaaumjobesoT
komforti
Tqvens sacxovrebel
saxl
ebSi da SeamciroT saTburi gaze-
bis emisiebi, rac xel
s SeuSl
is kl
imatis gl
obal
ur cvl
i-
lebas.
Tu Tqven gaiTval
iswinebT im rCevebs, roml
ebic am broSu-
raSia w
armodgenil
i d
a d
anergavT e
nergoefeqtur R
onisZi-
ebebs, miiRebT T
qvenTvis s
asurvel
Sedegebs.
26
Sesyidvis fasi da misi eqspl
uataciis periodSi moxmarebu-
li el
eqtroenergiis Rirebul
eba.
nu dagaviwydebaT,
rom
nivTis SeZenis Rirebul
ebas Tqven erTxel
ixdiT xol
o mis
mier moxmarebul
i energiis fass ki yovel
Tviurad,
daax-
loebiT 1
0- 2
0 w
lis g
anmavl
obaSi m
owyobil
obis s
aeqspl
ua-
tacio v
adis S
esabamisad.
magal
iTad macivrebisaTvis eqspl
uataciis vada 13 wel
ia,
kondincionerisa da WurWl
is sarecxis manqanebisaTvis 11
wel
i, s
arecxis m
anqanebisaTvis 9
wel
i d
a a
.S.
amitom el
eqtromowyobil
obebis SeZenisas yuradReba unda
miaqcioT energetikul
iarl
iys.
iarl
iyze mocemul
i unda
iyos informacia,
Tu ramdenad efeqtur mowyobil
obas yi-
dul
obT, am mowyobil
obis wl
iuri energomoxmareba da Ti-
Toeul
i mowyobil
obis eqspl
uataciis vada, amiT Tqven ar-
Cevanis g
akeTebis S
esaZl
ebl
oba g
eqnebaT.
saqarTvel
o ar aris sayofacxovrebo el
eqtromowyobil
o-
bebis mwarmoebel
i qveyana da gayidvaSi myofi mowyobil
o-
bebi ZiriTadad ekonomikurad ganviTarebul
iseT qveynebSi
iwarmoeba sadac energetikul
i iarl
iyis ganTavseba saval
-
debul
oa.
amitom,
aucil
ebl
ad daakvirdiT energetikul
iarl
iys r
odesac i
ZenT s
ayofacxovrebo t
eqnikas.
el
eqtromowyobil
obebis
ener-
goefeqturoba dayofil
ia kl
a-
sebis mixedviT A
-dan G
-mde. A
kl
asi ufro efeqturia,
vidre
G kl
asi. G
kl
asis mowyobil
o-
bebSi moxmarebul
i energiis ra-
odenoba
xSirad
3-j
er
metia,
vidre A
kl
asis mowyobil
obeb-
Si.
da
radganac,
rac
ufro
energoefeqturia mowyobil
oba,
miT ufro nakl
eb energias mo-
ixmars muSaobisas,
swored ami-
tomaa saWiro daukvirdeT iarl
iys el
eqtromowyobil
obis
SeZenis d
ros. i
arl
iyi g
awvdiT S
emdeg i
nformacias:
1.
el
eqtromowyobil
obis model
is, tipis da specifika-
ciis S
esaxeb.
3
d
aT
bu
ne
ba
-T
bo
iz
ol
ac
ia
da
ha
er
is
na
ka
di
s
ga
di
ne
bi
s S
eC
er
eb
a
Tqvens saxl
Si energodanakargebis anu haeris nakadis gadi-
nebis Z
iriTadi k
vanZebia:
1.
kedl
ebi;
2.
fanjrebi/k
arebi;
3 saxuravi/s
xveni.
4.
iataki; 5
.sakvamurebi;
ganvixil
oT T
iToeul
i m
aTgani:
1.
ke
dl
eb
i
saqarTvel
oSi arsebul
i Senobebi Zal
ian dabal
i efeqtu-
robiT xasiaTdebian.
qveyanaSi iatakis farTobis 1 m2
gaT-
bobisaTvis moixmareba 40-50%
-iT meti energia vidre msgav-
si kl
imaturi zonis evrokavSiris qveynebSi. Cvens qveyanaSi
Senobebi S
endeboda e
rTmagi f
anjrebiT, m
Zime b
etonis g
are
kedl
ebiT an bl
okiT/a
guriT. amis gamo Senobebi saqarTve-
los energomoxmarebis 60%
moixmaren gaTbobisa da gacie-
bisaTvis. isini warmoadgenen energiis yvel
aze did momxma-
rebl
ebs d
a s
aTburi g
azebis e
misiis y
vel
aze d
id w
yaros.
Senobis
SemomzRudi
konstruqciebis
Tboizol
acia
erT-
erTi mniSvnel
ovani energoefeqturi RonisZiebaa.
Senobis
daTbunebis anu Tboizol
aciis dros gasaTval
iswinebel
ia
Senobis dizaini, kl
imaturi pirobebi, energiis gadasaxade-
bi d
a s
akuTari b
iujeti.
4
arsebul
i Senobis kedl
ebis Tboizol
acia aramarto zrdis
komforts aramed zogavs energoresursebs, romel
ic saWi-
roa S
enobis g
aTbobisa d
a g
aciebisaTvis.
axal
i Senobis mSenebl
obis dros unda gvaxsovdes, rom Se-
nobis adgil
mdebareoba did rol
s TamaSobs Senobis Sida
temperaturisa da ganaTebis regul
irebaSi. magal
iTad,
xe-
ebs, l
andSafts da gorakebs SeuZl
iaT uzrunvel
yon Crdi-
li da daicvan Senoba qarisagan. ufro mkacr kl
imatur pi-
robebSi,
Senobis fanjrebi daproeqtebul
ia samxreTis mi-
marTul
ebiT.
es xel
s uwyobs mzis sxivebis naTebiTa da
mzis pasiuri gaTbobiT Semcirdes ganaTebisaTvis da gaT-
bobisaTvis
saWiro
energomoxmareba.
aseve
mSenebl
obis
dros,
aucil
ebl
ad unda gaiTval
iswinoT kedl
ebis saizo-
lacio m
asal
iT d
afarva.
energodanakargebis Semcirebis mizniT pirvel
rigSi,
saWi-
roa Senobis karkasis yuradRebiT daTval
iereba da haeris
gadinebis k
vanZebis a
RmoCena d
a a
Rmofxvra.
kedl
is T
boizol
aciis d
awyebamde u
nda S
emowmdes a
rsebobs
Tu a
ra k
edl
ebze b
zarebi, radga-
nac
nebismieri
sididis
bzari
Tbodanakargebis anu infil
tra-
ciis k
eraa.
pirvel
rigSi saWiroa bzaris ga-
sufTaveba da amovseba iseTi masal
iT rogoricaa:
saamSe-
nebl
o qafi, (avsebs 2 sm da meti sididis bzars) Tu bzari
3-6 mm-ia SesaZl
ebel
ia gajiT an webo cementiT SefiTxvna
(daSpakl
a). 5 sm-z
e meti bzari SesaZl
ebel
ia saizol
acio
masal
iT amoivsos,
magram saWiroa darwmuneba imaSi,
rom
saizol
acio masal
a ar dasvel
deba mag. wvimis wyl
iT, rad-
ganac n
esti S
eamcirebs m
is T
bogamtarobis T
visebebs.
kedel
Si bzaris amovsebis Semdeg saWiroa SeirCes Tbosai-
zol
acio m
asal
a r
iTic S
esaZl
ebel
ia k
edl
ebis d
aTbuneba.
saqarTvel
os bazarze SesaZl
ebel
ia Semdegi Tbosaizol
a-
cio masal
is SeZena:
pol
ieTil
enis qafi,
penopl
asti,
po-
listerinisa da pol
iureTanis fil
ebi,
mineral
uri da Su-
Sis
bamba d
a s
xva.
25
• darwmundiT,
rom aveji xel
s ar uSl
is civi haeris ga-
mosvl
as k
ondincioneridan. daxureT i
m o
Taxis k
arebebi
roml
ebSic a
r i
myofebiT.
• fanjrebze gaafareT sqel
i fardebi an daamontaJeT da-
rabebi, oRond ise rom xel
i ar SeuSal
oT kondicione-
ridan gamomaval
haers. amiT xel
s SeuSl
iT mzis siTbos
SemoRwevas Tqvens saxl
Si da nakl
eb el
eqrtoenergias
daxarjavT g
aciebisaTvis.
te
lev
iz
or
i d
a a
ud
io
-vi
deo
te
qn
ik
a
macivrebis msgavsad, am el
eqtromowyobi-
lobebis simZl
avre dabal
ia,
magram misi
gamoyenebis sixSire didia.
es ganapiro-
bebs energiis mniSvnel
ovani raodenobis
moxmarebas.
pr
aq
ti
ku
li
rC
ev
eb
i:
erTi tel
evizori mol
odinis reJimSi (ekranze gamosaxul
e-
bis gareSe da anTebul
i marTvis sistemiT) moixmars norma-
luri muSaobisas saWiro energiis 10%
-s.
amitom RamiT da
saxl
idan gasvl
is SemTxvevaSi tel
evizori da audio-vide-
oteqnika g
amorTeT q
sel
idan.
- gamoiyeneT portatul
i kompiuteri,
radagnac igi ufro
nakl
eb e
nergias x
arjavs v
idre s
tacionarul
i k
ompiuteri.
en
er
ge
ti
ku
li
ia
rl
iy
i s
ay
of
ac
xo
vr
eb
o
el
eq
tr
ot
eq
ni
ka
ze
Tqveni saxl
is saerTo energomoxmarebis daaxl
oebiT 10-
15%
-s el
eqtromowyobil
obebi moixmars. el
eqtromowyobi-
lobebis yidvisas,
unda gaiTval
iswinoT ori ram - nivTis
24
ko
nd
in
ci
on
er
i
arsebobs sxvadasxva tipis kon-
dincionerebi:
fanjris
(fanja-
raze montaJdeba),
mobil
uri (S
e-
giZl
iaT gorgol
aWebis saSual
e-
biT
gadaadgil
eba)
da
“spl
it
sistemis”
(kompresori
montaJ-
deba gasagril
ebel
i sivrcis ga-
reT da Sida bl
oki gasagril
e-
bel
sivrceSi).
rodesac irCevT kondicioners SeamowmeT misi energetiku-
li iarl
iyi da SearCieT igi energoefeqturobis faqto-
riT.
energoefeqtur
kondicioners
ufro
maRal
i
fasi
aqvs, magram radganac nakl
eb energias moixmars, mis sawyis
fasze damatebul
Rirebul
ebas el
eqtroenergiis dazogviT
amoiRebT.
pr
aqt
ik
ul
i r
Cev
eb
i:
• kondincioneris SeZenis dros mimarTeT profesional
s,
raTa farTis mixedviT SegirCioT,
Tu ra simZl
avris
kondincioneri g
WirdebaT.
• gaciebis t
emperatura d
aayeneT a
raumetes 2
5 0C
-ze.
• CarTvis dros ar daayenoT Termostati dabal
tempera-
turaze,
amiT saxl
i swrafad ar civdeba,
magram met
energias x
arjavT.
• kondincioneri daamontaJeT iseT adgil
as, sadac dacu-
li i
qneba m
zis s
xivebis p
irdapiri k
ontaqtisagan.
• fil
tri
gawmindeT
TveSi
erTxel
an
gamocval
eT.
mtvriani fil
tri amcirebs kondicioneridan gamosas-
vl
el
i
haeris
nakads.
sufTa
fil
trs
SeuZl
ia
5-d
an
15%
-mde S
eamciros e
nergiis m
oxmareba.
• kondicioneris montaJis dros kedel
Si an fanjris Car-
CoSi w
armoqmnil
i R
reCoebi s
il
ikoniT S
eavseT.
5
Senobis gare kedl
ebis (karkasi) daTbunebis dros unda ga-
dawydes kedl
is Sida mxridan keTdeba saizol
acio masal
a
Tu kedl
is garedan.
es ZiriTadad damokidebul
ia Tqvens
biujetze.
kedl
is daTbunebis dros,
mas ek-
vreba Tbosaizol
acio masal
a,
mag.
mineral
uri
an
SuSis
bamba,
(100-
120mm
sisqis)
romel
ic
mWidrod
magrdeba xis pl
intusebiT,
pl
in-
tusebs
Soris
manZil
i
araumetes
0,7
5 - 1 metri unda iyos.
ise rom
saizol
acio masal
is fenebs Soris ar darCes RreCoebi.
daTbuneba Tu keTdeba myari saizol
acio masal
iT mag.
pe-
nopl
astiT an pol
iureTanis fil
ebiT (6
0mm-100mm sisqis),
maSin m
as k
edel
ze
amagreben
msxvil
Taviani
lursme-
biT.
lursmnebs Soris manZil
i 406
mm an 610 mm unda iyos.
mimagrebu-
li Tboizol
aciis zemodan magrde-
ba
armirebul
i
bade,
romel
zec
keTdeba 10 mm TabaSirmuyaos fil
e-
bi, iSpakl
eba da Semdgom an iRebeba
an
Spal
eri
ekvreba.
daTbunebis
dros diskomforts qmnis el
eqtro
budeebisa (S
tefsel
ebi) d
a g
asaTbo-
bi saSual
ebebis (r
adiatorebis,
gasaTbobi Rumel
ebis)
ga-
datana.
Senobis karkasis garedan daTbuneba,
Sida daTbunebisgan
gansxvavebiT umjobesia gaakeTos am saqmis profesional
ma.
radgan igi gaiTval
iswinebs ra Senobis adgil
mdebareobas,
regionis kl
imatur pirobebs,
swored SearCevs Tbosaizo-
lacio masal
as da gaukeTebs iseT dafarvas,
rom masSi ar
SeaRwios n
estma a
n w
vimis w
yal
ma.
zemoTxsenebul
i
saizol
acio
masal
ebis
garda,
kedl
is
daTbuneba SesaZl
ebel
ia saRebavis universal
uri danamati
- “t
ermil
ati”T
ac.
misi gamoyeneba SegiZl
iaT Senobis ro-
gorc gare,
aseve Sida kedel
zec.
igi aumjobesebs Senobis
Tbomedegobis xarisxs 50%
-iT da amcirebs siTbos danakar-
gebs Senobis SigniT.
Senobis karkasis garedan Tboizol
a-
6
ciisaTvis aRniSnul
i saRebavis gamoyeneba nakl
eb sirTu-
leebs q
mnis v
idre s
xva T
bosaizol
acio m
asal
iT k
edl
is g
a-
re daTbuneba.
SesaZl
ebel
ia termil
ats nebismieri feris
pigmenti SeurioT,
ase rom,
kedl
ebi SegiZl
iaT TqvenTvis
sasurvel
ferad S
eReboT.
Senobis Sida kedl
ebis, iseve rogorc gare kedl
ebis Tboi-
zol
acia, amcirebs e
nergoresursebis m
oxmarebas 2
0-25%
-iT
da C
O2 emisiebs.
Senobis Sida kedl
ebis (t
ixrebis)
izol
aciis dros samuSa-
os msvl
el
oba da Tbosaizol
acio masal
ebi zustad igivea
rogorc gare (s
ayrdeni) kedl
ebis Tboizol
aciis dros. Si-
da kedl
ebis daTbunebisaTvis saizol
acio masal
is sisqe
SesaZl
ebel
ia iyos 3sm-d
an -5 sm-m
de.
daTbunebis dros ga-
iTval
iswineT,
rom kedl
is Tboizol
acia daaxl
oebiT 1%
-
iT amcirebs oTaxis Sida farTs.
Tu oTaxSi gesaWiroebaT
xmis CamxSobi izol
acia, saqarTvel
os bazarze misi SeZenac
SesaZl
ebel
ia. es gaxl
avT al
uformi `b
~ xmis CamxSobi izo-
lacia. misi sisqe 8 -12 mm-ia. igi orive mxridan dafarul
ia
fol
giT da misi gakvra kedel
ze igive principiT xdeba ro-
gorc e
s z
emoTaa a
Rweril
i.
cxril
Si mocemul
ia daaxl
oebiT ra sisqis saizol
acio ma-
sal
a dagWirdebaT gare kedl
is Sida mxridan daTbunebi-
saTvis,
Tu saizol
acio masal
as zemodan TabaSir-m
uyaos 1
sm-i
an f
il
as a
akravT.
kedl
ebi a
Sene-
bul
ia:
kedl
is s
isqe
sm
mineral
u-
ri b
amba
sm
minabam-
ba s
m
penopl
as-
ti s
m
aguri
25
5
5
5
bl
oki
20
5
10
5-1
0
rkinabetoni
40
5-1
0
5-1
0
5-1
0
kedl
ebis daTbuneba efeqturi da amavdroul
ad ZviradRi-
rebul
i RonisZiebaa,
am RonisZiebis danergva umjobesia
daisaxoT s
axl
is m
Senebl
obis a
n r
ekonstruqciis d
ros.
samwuxarod,
saqarTvel
os mosaxl
eobis umetes nawil
s am
RonisZiebis real
izacia ar SeuZl
ia. magram kedl
is bzare-
23
sar
ec
xi
s m
an
qan
a
sarecxis manqana saSual
od kviraSi 3-
jer mainc gamoiyeneba.
A k
lasis man-
qana
wel
iwadSi
daaxl
oebiT
250
kvt.s
T.
el
eqtroenergias
moixmars,
maSin rodesac dabal
i kl
asis sarec-
xis
manqanebi
magal
iTad
G
kl
asis
570 kvtsT.
energoefeqturi sarecxi manqanebi garda imisa
rom 70%
-iT nakl
eb energias moixmaren,
isini 50%
-iT nak-
leb w
yal
s x
arjaven.
pr
aq
ti
ku
li
rC
ev
eb
i:
• SeiZineT s
arecxis m
anqanebi A
kl
asis e
nergetikul
i i
ar-
liyiT, amiT d
azogavT e
leqtroenergiasa d
a f
ul
s.
• SeecadeT, amuSaoT Tqveni sarecxis manqana srul
i dat-
virTviT.
• SeiZineT n
axevrad a
vtomaturi r
egul
irebis r
eJimSi m
o-
muSave manqanebi,
radganac mniSvnel
ovnad Segimcirde-
baT e
nergiis m
oxmareba.
• regul
arul
ad
gawmindeT
sarecxi
manqanis
fil
tri,
radgan tumbo ukeTesad imuSavebs da nakl
eb energias
moixmars.
• sarecxi garecxeT Tbil
wyal
Si, radganac Sedegi igivea,
rogorc cxel
i wyl
iT recxvis dros, gavl
ebisas ki man-
qana daayeneT civi wyl
is reJimze.
SearCieT iseTi sa-
recxi saSual
ebebi,
roml
ebic kargad recxaven sarecxs
Tbil
i w
yl
is r
eJimiT r
ecxvis d
ros.
• mziani amindis dros umjobesia sarecxi gasaSrobad ga-
kidoT gareT,
vidre gamoiyenoT sarecxi manqanis gaS-
robis r
eJimi.
22
Rvrel
i ori A
kl
asi: A
+kl
asis macivrebi 42%
-iT nakl
eb
energias m
oixmaren, x
ol
o A
++ k
lasis 3
0%
-iT n
akl
ebs.
pr
aq
ti
ku
li
rC
ev
eb
i:
• SeiZineT
A+ da
A++ kl
asis macivrebi,
isini zogaven
el
eqtroenergiasa d
a f
ul
s.
• nu SeiZenT imaze ufro didi tevadobis macivrebs, vid-
re g
WirdebaT.
• moaTavseT macivari kedl
idan 8-1
0 sm-i
sa da siTbos ga-
momcemi w
yaroebidan d
aSorebiT.
• wel
iwadSi e
rTxel
gawmindeT m
acivris u
kana m
xare.
• gawmindeT s
ayinul
e, s
anam y
inul
is s
isqe m
iaRwevs 3
mm-s
,
amiT e
nergiis 3
0%
-s d
azogavT.
• ar S
einaxoT m
acivarSi c
xel
i s
aWmel
i.
• macivarSi siTxis Senaxvis SemTxvevaSi aucil
ebl
ad daa-
fareT WurWel
s,
radganac aorTql
ebul
i siTxe amci-
rebs m
acivris e
feqtur m
uSaobas.
• daayeneT
Termostati
+6
0C
temperaturaze
macivris
qveda ganyofil
ebisaTvis,
xol
o sayinul
isaTvis -15
0C-
ze.
• ecadeT,
didi xniT ar gaaRoT macivris karebs da dar-
wmundiT, r
om k
argad d
axureT.
• daakvirdiT macivris karebis Suasadebi (r
ezina)
dazia-
nebul
i xom ar aris. moaTavseT karebSi qaRal
dis fur-
cel
i da daxureT. Tu furcel
i advil
ad gamoiReT da-
xurul
i karebidan es niSnavs rom Suasadebi dazianebu-
lia d
a m
acivridan i
kargeba s
icive.
7
bis gasufTaveba da amovseba,
rac infil
tracias SeuSl
is
xel
s n
ebismier C
vengans S
euZl
ia g
aakeTos d
amoukidebl
ad.
mcired,
magram mainc Seamcirebs kedl
idan siTbos gadine-
bas kedl
ebze xal
iCebis Camokideba, aseve saxl
is Crdil
oe-
Tis m
xares m
imarTul
i k
edel
ebis a
vejiT d
atvirTva.
unda gvaxsovdes, rom kedl
ebis Tboizol
acia sasurvel
Se-
degs ver mogvcems, Tu Senobas aqvs fanjrebisa da karebis
defeqtebi,
iataki da Weri ar aris daTbunebul
i,
rac iw-
vevs S
enobidan h
aeris n
akadis m
udmiv g
adinebas.
us
af
rT
xo
eb
is
mi
zn
iT
saizol
acio m
asal
is d
agebis d
ros g
a-
TiSeT el
eqtroenergiis miwodeba avtomaturi amomrTve-
liT,
ixmareT samuSao tansacmel
i,
respiratori da saTva-
le raTa daicvaT sasunTqi organoebi, Tval
ebi da kani da-
zianebisagan.
2. f
an
jr
eb
i d
a k
ar
eb
i fanjrebidan da karebidan siTbos gadinebis monakveTebis
martivad d
adgena S
esaZl
ebel
ia:
- anTebul
i sanTl
is meSveobiT.
qarian amindSi daxu-
rul
karTan an fanjarasTan CarCoebis gaswvriv rom
gaataroT anTebul
i sanTel
i,
al
is rxeva gaCvenebT
orpiri q
aris a
dgil
ebs.
- civi haeris Semodineba fanjrebis/k
aris CarCoebsa
da
kedel
s
Soris
arsebul
i
RreCoebidan
(sadac
sxvadasxva tipis masal
a uerTdeba erTmaneTs.
mag.
bl
oki da xis CarCo)
aseve CarCos SuSasTan SeerTe-
bis adgil
idan xel
is midebiTac SegiZl
iaT igrZnoT
sicive.
- fanjris/k
aris CarCos CaataneT qaRal
dis furcel
i
da daketeT. Tu Tqven furcel
s Tavisufl
ad gamoi-
RebT daxurul
i kar-fanjris CarCodan es niSnavs,
rom CarCos aqvs RreCo saidanac siTbo gaedineba
Tqveni s
axl
idan.
gax
so
vd
eT
, r
om
mowesrigebul
i fanjrebi da karebi 10-dan
15%
-mde amcirebs siTbos gadinebas da ra T
qma u
nda gaTbo-
bis/g
aciebis g
adasaxadebs.
8
Zvel
i fanjrebis Secvl
a axal
i metal
opl
astmasis an al
u-
minis CarCoiani ormagi Seminvis fanjrebiT ZviradRirebu-
li RonisZiebaa.
magram Tqven SegiZl
iaT TiTqmis imave Se-
degis miRweva ufro dabal
i Rirebul
ebis RonisZiebebis sa-
Sul
ebiTac.
esenia:
- arsebul
i fanjris al
aTaSi Raris amoReba da damatebi-
Ti minis Casma.
mina myarad rom ijdes fanjris CarCoSi,
mis gasamagrebl
ad SegiZl
iaT gamoiyenoT sil
ikonis her-
metiki, romel
sac d
aitanT m
inis Z
irSi. umjobesia, Tu m
i-
nas amoiRebT, CarCos gaasufTavebT da hermetiks CarCo-
ze daitanT, amis Semdgom CasvamT minas
. amiT Tqven TiT-
qmis miaRwevT metal
opl
asmasis fanjrebSi gamoyenebul
i
minapaketis efets da SeamcirebT fanjrebidan siTbos
danakargebs.
- erTminian farjrebze SegiZl
iaT gaakraT siTbos damzogi
gamWvirval
e firi (S
eiZl
eba gamoiyenoT yvavil
ebis Sesafu-
Ti firi)
an cel
ofani,
romel
ic xel
s uSl
is minidan siT-
bos danakargebs.
firi/c
el
ofani iWreba fanjris CarCos
zomaze, ekvreba CarCos da magrdeba webovani l
entiT (s
ko-
CiT). CarCoze firis mikvris dros warmoqmnil
i naoWebis
gasworeba SegiZl
iaT Tmis saSrobi fenis gamoyenebiT. cxe-
li haeris nakadi gaasworebs firze gakvris dros warmoq-
mnil
naoWebs.
ukeTes Sedegs iZl
eva amerikul
i warmoebis firi,
roml
is
SeZenac saqarTvel
oSi SesaZl
ebel
ia.
es firebi 65-70%
-iT
amcirebs fanjris minidan siTbos gasvl
as. aseve mina xdeba
aramsxvrevadi,
oTaxSi myof adamianebs icavs gareSe el
eq-
tromagnituri tal
Rebisagan.
igi 99,9
%-iT STanTqavs ra
ul
traiisfer sxivebs,
fanjris minas unarCuneben gamWvir-
val
obas. fanjrebze aseve SegiZl
iaT aakraT amrekl
i fire-
bi. isini zafxul
is periodSi xel
s uSl
ian mzis siTbos Se-
moRwevas
sacxovrisSi.
am
firebis
gamoyeneba
umjobesia
iseT regionebSi sadac cxel
i kl
imatia.
firebs akraven
umetesad samxreTiT, dasavl
eTiT da aRmosavl
eTiT ganl
a-
gebul
fanjrebze,
saidanac ufro meti raodenobiT Semo-
dis m
zis s
iTbo.
21
pr
aq
ti
ku
li
rC
ev
eb
i:
• daicaviT naTurebisa da brebis sisufTave,
radganac
WuWyiani n
aTura d
a b
ra n
akl
eb n
aTebas m
ogcems;
• SeZl
ebisdagvarad g
amoiyeneT b
unebrivi g
anaTeba;
• oTaxi SeRebeT ufro naTel
i ferebiT,
amiT SesZl
ebT
xel
ovnuri g
anaTebis S
emcirebas;
• nu datovebT anTebul
naTurebs im oTaxebSi,
sadac ar
imyofebiT;
• Secval
eT varvara naTurebi efeqturi naTurebiT,
amiT
dazogavT g
anaTebaze m
oxmarebul
i e
nergiis 7
0%
;
• magidasTan muSaobisas Werze mdebare naTuris nacvl
ad
gamoiyeneT pirdapiri naTebis magidis sanaTuri,
amiT
geqnebaT u
keTesi n
aTeba d
a k
omforti;
• gamoiyeneT dRis naTebis naTurebi iq,
sadac meti si-
naTl
e g
WirdebaT;
• avtofarexSi,
sadarbazoSi,
vestibiul
Si
daamontaJeT
moZraobis
deteqtorebi,
raTa
sinaTl
e
avtomaturad
ainTos d
a C
aqres;
sa
yo
fa
cx
ov
re
bo
el
eq
tr
om
ow
yo
bi
lo
be
bi
mac
iv
re
bi
axal
i tipis macivrebi xarjavs 40%
-iT
nakl
eb energias,
vidre is macivrebi,
roml
ebic gamoSvebul
ia 2001 wl
amde.
energomoxmarebis Tval
sazrisiT didi
mniSvnel
oba aqvs,
Tu sad ganaTavsebT
macivars.
aucil
ebel
ia
macivris
mo-
Tavseba siTbos gamomcemi wyaroebidan
moSorebiT.
macivrebisaTvis da sayinul
eebisaTvis
Seiqmna
energoefeqturobis
ganmsaz-
20
anu 2
19 k
vt/s
T.
6 sT-i
s ganmavl
obaSi anTebul
i 20 vt-i
ani naTura moixmars
120 v
t.s
T/d
ReSi a
nu w
el
iwadSi 4
3 8
00 v
t.s
T/w
=44 k
vt.s
T.
es i
mas n
iSnavs, r
om w
el
iwadSi f
luorescenciul
i n
aTuriT
varvara naTuris Canacvl
eba dagizogavT 175 kvt.s
T anu 32
lars (t
arifi 1
kvt s
T=0,1
8 l
ari).
varvara naTuris erT-e
rTi upiratesoba misi fasia 0,5
-0,6
lari. 20 vt-iani fl
uorescenciul
i naTuris fasi 5-dan 12
laramde meryeobs,
magram Tu gaviTval
iswinebT imas,
rom
wel
iwadSi 32 l
aris ekonomias gavakeTebT naTuris SesaZe-
nad f
ul
i n
amdvil
ad a
r u
nda d
agvenanos.
naTuris SeZenis dros gaiTval
iswineT,
rom arsebobs civi
da Tbil
i naTebis fl
uorescenciul
naTura. aarCieT iseTi
naTura,
roml
is naTebis (T
eTri an yviTel
i)
feri Tqvens
Tval
s a
r g
aaRizianebs.
fl
uorescenciul
i naTura Zal
ian iSviaTad tydeba.
mag-
ram radganac igi Seicavs mcire raodenobiT vercxl
is-
wyal
s,
usafrTxoebisTvis unda daicvaT Semdegi wesebi:
SuSis namsxvrevebs nu SeexebiT xel
iT, gaikeTeT xel
TaTma-
ni, dauyovnebl
iv gaaniaveT oTaxi da gawmindeT iataki tii-
loTi,
romel
sac gatexil
naTurasTan erTad moaTavsebT
pol
ieTil
enis
parkSi
da
gadaagdebT.
nu
gamoiyenebT
mTversasruts,
igi
xel
s
Seuwyobs
vercxl
iswyl
is
aor-
Tql
ebas.
mn
aT
i d
io
di
LED
an
u s
in
aT
li
s g
am
om
sx
iv
eb
el
i d
io
deb
i (a
se-
Ti tipis naTurebs gamoiyeneben iseT mowyobil
obebSi sa-
dac simZl
avre 10 vt-ze nakl
ebia. magal
iTad, jibis an Ra-
mis f
arani, d
ekoratiul
i g
anaTebebi d
a s
xva).
var
var
a n
aT
ur
eb
i
eq
vi
val
en
tu
ri
naT
eb
is
fl
uo
re
s-
ce
nc
iu
li
naT
ur
eb
i
25 v
t
5-6 v
t
40 v
t
7-10 v
t
60 v
t
11-18 v
t
100 v
t
20-25 v
t
9
- amoavseT fanjris CarCosa da
kedl
is gadabmis adgil
ebSi ar-
sebul
i
napral
ebi
samontaJo
qafiT,
sil
ikoniT an germeti-
kiT.
fanjarasa da kedel
s So-
ris
arsebul
i
didi
(1-2
sm)
RreCoebis amosavsebad umjobe-
sia g
amoiyenoT s
amontaJo q
afi;
- fanjrebisa da karebis CarCo-
ebis SeerTebebis dazianebis SemTxvevaSi,
napral
ebis amo-
savsebad SegiZl
iaT gamoiyenoT sil
ikonis hermetiki.
unda
gaiTval
iswinoT Tqveni raionis haeris temperatura,
rad-
ganac Tu Tqvens raionSi zamTris periodSi -5
0C-z
e ufro
dabal
i temperaturaa, maSin unda gamoiyenoT “zamTris sa-
montaJo q
afebi”. C
arCoze a
seve S
egiZl
iaT g
amoiyenoT s
xva-
dasxva tipis sinTeTikuri SemamWidrovebl
ebi:
magal
iTad,
paral
onis, rezinis, sil
ikonis, TviTwebadi SemamWidroveb-
lebi, p
lastel
ini.
napral
ebis
amosavsebi
saSual
ebebi
erTmaneTisagan
gan-
sxvavdebian
simtkiciT,
maxasiaTebl
ebiTa
da
fasebiT.
cxril
Si mocemul
ia sxvadasxva tipis amosavsebi saSual
ebe-
bis S
esaxeb i
nformacia:
nap
ral
eb
is
am
os
av
se
bi
saS
ual
eb
eb
i
am
os
av
se
bi
sa-
Su
al
eb
eb
i
re
ko
me
nd
ir
eb
ul
ia g
am
oy
en
eb
a g
as
uf
Tav
eb
a
si
li
ko
ni
: s
ao
jax
o s
aq
mi
-
saT
vi
s
avsebs RreCoebs abazanasa da sam-
zareul
oSi svel
i wertil
ebis ka-
fel
Tan S
eerTebis a
dgil
ebSi
Tu
tansacmel
ze
moge-
doT
dauyovnebl
iv
gaw-
mindeT mSral
i wmendiT.
aseve iwmindeba spirtiT
an n
avTiT.
si
li
ko
ni
: mS
e-
ne
bl
ob
is
aT
vi
s
gamoiyeneba SenobaSi gansxvavebu-
li tipis masal
ebis SeerTebebis
adgil
ebSi
arsebul
RreCoebis
amosavsebad mag. rogoricaa xe da
qva, m
etal
i d
a a
guri.
Tu
tansacmel
ze
moge-
doT
dauyovnebl
iv
gaw-
mindeT mSral
i wmendiT.
aseve iwmindeba spirtiT
an n
avTiT.
po
li
ur
eT
an
is
,
qaf
i, p
ul
ve
ri
-
zat
or
i
gaiTval
iswineT,
rom gamoyenebis
dros m
ocul
obaSi i
matebs. g
amoi-
yeneba didi napral
ebis amosavse-
bad S
enobis S
igniT d
a g
areT.
Tu
tansacmel
ze
moge-
doT
dauyovnebl
iv
gaw-
mindeT
laqis
gamxsne-
liT.
10
ge
rm
et
ik
is
qaf
i
axal
i Senobis fanjrebisa da ka-
rebis SeerTebis adgil
ebis Se-
mamWidrovebel
i.
ixmareba patara
RreCoebis a
mosavsebad.
iwmindeba w
yl
iT
re
zi
ni
s S
em
am
-
Wi
dr
ov
eb
el
i
gamoiyeneba
fanjrebis/k
arebis
CarCos SemamWirdovebl
ad.
SesaZ-
lebel
ia misi gamoyeneba minis, me-
tal
is,
pl
astmasis,
xis da beto-
nis m
asal
ebze.
lat
eq
si
avseben gadabmis adgil
ebs xel
sa-
banTan
da
saSxapesTan.
avsebs
RreCoebs
kafel
Tan,
minasTan,
pl
astmasis m
asal
ebTan.
iwmindeba w
yl
iT
gai
Tv
al
is
wi
ne
d S
em
de
gi
:
- sanam daiwyebdeT napral
ebis amovsebas aucil
ebl
ad
unda gaasufTaoT amosavsebi adgil
ebi,
(mag.
Zvel
i
amosavsebi s
aSual
ebebisagan a
n s
aRebavisagan);
- darwmundiT r
om a
mosavsebi a
dgil
i s
vel
i a
r a
ris;
- fanjris/k
aris
gadabmebis
adgil
ebSi
da
aseve
ke-
del
sa
da
fanjris/k
aris
CarCos
Soris
daitaneT
amosavsebi s
aSual
ebebi.
- pistol
eti,
romel
zec mag-
rdeba saamSenebl
o qafis an
germetikis
tubi
daxareT
daaxl
oebiT
45
0-iT,
raTa
amosavsebi saSual
ebebi uf-
ro Rrmad Sevides napral
-
Si.
- ecadeT,
rom amosavsebi saSual
eba erTnairad SeuS-
vad napral
Si da Tavi aa-
rideT
procesis
Sewyve-
tas da Tavidan dawyebas,
raTa ar warmoiqmnes hae-
ris b
uStul
akebi;
- kar-f
anjris
al
aTasa
da
CarCos
Soris
arsebul
i
RreCoebis dasagmanad ga-
19
ga
na
Te
bi
s s
is
te
me
bi
energogadasaxedebis Semcirebis erT-erTi gza ganaTebis
sistemaSi cvl
il
ebebis Setanaa.
sayo-
facxovrebo
seqtorSi
saSual
od
energo
biujetis
11
%
ganaTebas
xmardeba.
ganaTebis sistemebis axal
teqnol
ogiebs
SeuZl
iaT
el
eqtroe-
nergiis moxmareba 50-75%
-iT Seamci-
ros.
saqarTvel
oSi
ZiriTadad
60-
100-1
50vt-i
s simZl
avris varvara na-
Turebs moixmaren.
maTi saeqspl
uata-
cio vada 800-1000 sT-ia. am naTurebisa erTaderTi dadebi-
Ti m
xare m
aTi s
iiafea.
arsebobs s
xvadasxva t
ipis e
feqturi n
aTurebi:
hal
og
en
ur
i n
aT
ur
eb
i.
hal
ogenur naTurebs moixmaren ro-
desac sWirdebaT pirdapiri minaTeba ama Tu im saganze,
varvara n
aTurebTan S
edarebiT i
sini 1
0-20%
-iT u
fro e
feq-
turia,
magram didi raodenobis siTbos gamoyofs da xan-
ZarsaSiSroeba m
etia v
idre f
luorescenciul
naTurebSi).
fl
uo
re
sc
en
ci
ul
i
(ef
eqt
ur
i)
naT
ur
eb
i
(isini
moixmaren
75%
-iT
nakl
eb
el
eqtroenergias
vidre
varvara
naTurebi,
maTi
si-
cocxl
isunarianoba
8-10-jer
ufro
metia d
a
iyeneben iseT adgil
ebSi,
sadac xan-
grZl
ivi
periodis
ganmavl
obaSi
sWirdebaT s
inaTl
e.
23-30 vt-ian fl
uorescenciul
naTuras iseTive naTebis
simZl
avre (1
600 l
umeni)
aqvT,
rogorc 100 vt varvara na-
Turas.
ol
ad SeiZl
eba daviTval
oT,
100 vt-iani varvara
naTuris 20 vt-iani fl
uorescenciul
i naTuris Secvl
iT
miRebul
i d
azogva:
100
vt-iani
naTura
6
sT-is
ganmavl
obaSi
moixmars
600
vt.s
T el
eqtroenergias,
xol
o wel
iwadSi 219 000 vt/s
T
18
gazze
momuSave
wyal
gamacxel
ebl
ebi
ufro
ekonomiuria,
vidre el
eqtroenergiaze momuSave.
samomxmarebl
o Tvise-
bebiT isini faqtobrivad ar gansxvavdebian erTmaneTisagan.
magram usafrTxoebisaTvis aucil
ebel
ia,
rom gazze momu-
Save
wyal
gamacxel
ebl
ebi
damontaJdes
saeqspl
uatacio
normebis S
esabamisad.
arsebobs cxel
wyal
momaragebaze gadasaxadebis Semcirebis
ramodenime g
za:
_ g
amoiyeneT n
akl
ebi r
aodenobis c
xel
i w
yal
i,
_ d
auwieT w
yl
is g
amacxel
ebl
is T
ermostats 6
00C
-mde,
_ daaTbuneT Tqveni wyl
is gamacxel
ebel
i rezervuari ise,
rom a
r d
afaroT T
ermostati,
_ daamontaJeT duSis efeqturi Tavsacmi romel
ic mravl
a-
daa C
vens b
azarze,
_ gaukeTeT Tboizol
acia cxel
i da civi wyl
is mil
ebs,
roml
ebic uerTdebian wyl
is gamacxel
ebel
s,
raTa Seamci-
roT d
anakargebi.
_ el
eqtroenergiaze momuSave wyl
is axal
i gamacxel
ebel
is
SeZenisas y
uradReba m
iaqcieT m
is e
nergetikul
iarl
iys.
gai
Tv
al
is
wi
ne
T, rom wyl
is onkanebisa da mil
ebis daziane-
bebisas, wyl
is didi raodenobis danakargi gaqvT (T
u dazi-
anebul
i wyl
is sistemidan iRvreba 1 l
wyal
i 1 wuTis gan-
mavl
obaSi, e
s i
mas n
iSnavs, r
om e
rT w
el
iwadSi T
qven 0
,5 m
i-
lion l
itr wyal
s kargavT.)
amitom,
aucil
ebel
ia drou-
lad aRmoaCinoT da aRmofxvraT dazianebebi onkanebsa da
wyal
gayvanil
obis mil
ebze, raTa ar dakargoT didi raode-
nobis c
xel
i w
yal
i.
cxel
i wyl
is miReba gazis,
el
eqtroenergiisa da Txevadi
sawvavis garda SesaZl
ebel
ia mzis energiis gamoyenebiTac -
mzis kol
eqtorebis damontaJebis saSual
ebiT. mzis kol
eq-
torebs amontaJeben saxl
is saxuravze da Tqven zamTarsa
da zafxul
Si cxel
wyal
momaragebis probl
ema gadaWril
i
geqnebaT.
11
moiyeneba paral
onis,
rezinis,
sil
ikonis TviTweb-
vadi SemamWidrovebl
ebi.
maT awepeben CarCos mTel
sigrZeze,
CarCos
kuTxeebTan
SemamWirdovebel
i
mWidrod u
nda i
yos m
iwepebul
i.
pr
aq
ti
ku
li
rC
ev
eb
i:
• zamTris periodSi dRis ganmavl
obaSi gadawieT sqe-
li fardebi da SemouSviT oTaxebSi mzis siTbo da
sinaTl
e, saRamos ki daxureT fardebi, raTa Seinar-
CunoT o
TaxSi a
rsebul
i s
iTbo.
• Tu SesaZl
ebl
oba gaqvT daamontaJeT (S
ida da gare)
darabebi, e
s d
agexmarebaT z
amTris p
eriodSi S
einar-
CunoT s
iTbo, x
ol
o z
afxul
is p
eriodSi x
el
i S
euSa-
loT m
zis s
iTbos S
emoRwevas T
qvens s
acxovrebel
Si.
• daamontaJeT tentebi, radganac isini zamTris peri-
odSi amcireben siTbos danakargebs,
xol
o zafxul
-
Si x
el
s U
uwyoben o
TaxSi s
igril
is S
enarCunebas.
3.
sa
xu
ra
vi
da
sx
ve
ni
;
Tuki sxveni ar aris Tboizol
irebul
i, maSin Tqveni saxl
i-
dan xdeba siTbos gadineba,
risi Sekavebac SesaZl
ebel
ia
sxvenis iatakisa da saxuravis zedapiris daTbunebiT. saxu-
ravis zedapirisa da misi iatakis daTbuneba aucil
ebel
ia
im SemTxvevaSi rodesac Tqven gaqvT mansarda.
Tu saxl
s
mansarda ar aqvs,
maSin sakmarisia mxol
od sxvenis iatakis
daTbuneba.
mansardis saxuravis Tboizo-
laciis
dawyebamde
daakvir-
diT
gadaxurvis
defeqtebs.
radganac saxuravis RreCoeb-
Si SesaZl
ebel
ia wvimis wyal
i
an Tovl
i Cavides, rac daazi-
anebs Tbosaizol
acio masal
as
da
Seamcirebs
mis
teqnikur
maxasiaTebl
ebs.
amitom
saxuravi
hidroizol
irebul
i
unda iyos. mansardis saxuravis Tboizol
acia kedl
is Tbo-
12
izol
aciis msgavsad keTdeba.
Tbosaizol
acio masal
a ek-
vreba saxuravs xis pl
intusebiT, ise rom saizol
acio masa-
lasa da saxuravs Soris darCes daaxl
oebiT 3-5 sm-mde sa-
ventil
acio (s
ahaero)
sivrce.
Semdgom magrdeba hidrosai-
zol
acio
masal
a,
radganac
temperaturul
i
cvl
il
ebis
dros w
armoqmnil
i k
ondensati s
azianoa T
bosaizol
acio m
a-
sal
isaTvis.
hidroizol
aciisaTvis iyeneben superdifuzi-
ur membranebs. SesaZl
ebel
ia aseve difuziuri firis gamo-
yenebac.
isini warmoadgenen pol
ipropil
enis an pol
ieTi-
lenis firebs Zal
ian wvril
i naxvretebiT,
saidanac xdeba
nestis gadineba. maTi orTql
gamtaroba ufro dabal
ia vid-
re superdifuziuri membranebisa.
amitom,
maTi pirdapiri
montaJi Tbosaizol
acio masal
aze araa rekomendirebul
i.
aseTi firis gamoyenebis dros dacil
eba firsa da Tbosai-
zol
acio m
asal
as S
oris u
nda i
yos 8
-10 s
m.
mansardis iatakis/s
xvenis daTbu-
neba xdeba sxvadasxva Tbosaizo-
lacio masal
iT.
mag.
cel
ul
oza,
mineral
uri bamba,
SuSis bamba da
sxva.
mineral
uri an minis bambis sagebi
SegiZl
iaT Tqven TviTon daagoT
sxvenze,
misi sisqe aranakl
eb 15-
20 sm-i
sa unda iyos da zemodan
unda g
aukeToT d
amcvel
i S
re, ma-
gal
iTad -
kil
iti (fol
ga).
sxvenis
daTbuneba
SeiZl
eba
da-
sayrel
i damTbunebel
i masal
iTac.
magal
iTad,
keramzitu-
li xreSiT.
dasayrel
i damaTbunebl
is sisqe 25 sm aRwevs.
gare kedl
ebis mimdebare gadaxurvis ubnebSi misi sisqe 3-5
sm-i
T meti unda iyos.
droTa ganmavl
obaSi dasayrel
i da-
maTbunebl
ebis
Tbosaizol
acio
Tvisebebi
mcirdeba,
ami-
tom,
rekomendirebul
ia misi gafxviereba dagebidan ramo-
denime w
lis S
emdeg.
sxvenis Tboizol
acia SesaZl
ebel
ia ufro iafi masal
iTac
gakeTdes. rogoricaa magal
iTad, Zafebis, qaRal
dis rul
o-
nebi an Sal
is gadasafarebl
ebi, pemza, nafoti, kvercxis Ca-
sadebi konteinerebi,
cariel
i pl
astmasis boTl
ebi.
(pl
as-
tmasis Tavdaxurul
cariel
boTl
ebs aTavseben tomaraSi
17
_ radiatorebis ukan,
kedel
ze daamagreT siTbos amrekl
i
firi.
SegiZl
iaT gamoiyenoT terafomi erTmagi fol
giT.
fol
gis mxare unda iyos radiatorisken mimarTul
i.
mas
Wrian radiatoris zomaze da kedel
ze amagreben samagre-
biT.
_ gamaTbobel
i mowyobil
obebis arCevisas gaiTval
iswineT,
rom el
eqtroenergiiT gaTboba bunebrivi gaziT gaTbobas-
Tan SedarebiT ufro Zviria.
amasTan,
kustarul
ad damza-
debul
i Ria spiral
is el
eqtromowyobil
obeba xanZarsaSi-
Sia.
cx
el
wy
al
mo
ma
ra
ge
ba
saojaxo energomoxmarebis daaxl
oebiT 15%
-i
cxel
wyal
momaragebas W
irdeba.
saqarTvel
oSi
arsebobs
sxvadasxva
saxis
wyal
gamacxel
ebl
ebi.
isini
erTmaneTisagan
gansxvavdebian mocul
obis,
simZl
avris,
mon-
taJisa
da
muSaobis
principebis
mixedviT.
wyal
gamacxel
ebl
is SeZenis dros,
ecadeT Se-
arCioT m
isi s
imZl
avre T
qveni m
oTxovnebis m
i-
xedviT. unda gaarkvioT, daaxl
oebiT ramdeni
litri c
xel
i w
yal
i g
WirdebaT d
ReSi.
saqarTvel
os
bazarze
iyideba
gazze,
el
eqtroenergiaze
momuSave rezervuariani an wyl
is gamdinare nakadze momu-
Save w
yal
gamacxel
ebl
ebi.
Cvens qveyanaSi yvel
aze gavrcel
ebul
ia dagrovebiTi (r
e-
zervuariani) tipis wyal
gamacxel
ebl
ebi. isini ufro nakl
eb
el
eqtroenergias moixmaren,
vidre gamdinare wyal
ze momu-
Save g
amacxel
ebl
ebi, radganac a
seTi t
ipis g
amacxel
ebl
ebSi
wyal
i T
andaTanobiT T
beba d
a 5
5-7
50C-s
aRwevs. amis S
edegad
is a
vtomatur r
eJimSi i
narCunebs t
emperaturas.
gamdinare
wyal
gamacxel
ebl
ebSi
wyal
i
momental
urad
cxel
deba,
radganac is gadis didi simZl
avris (5
-dan 27
kvt-m
de) gamaTbobel
el
ementSi, amitom boil
erebTan Seda-
rebiT a
m t
ipis w
yal
gamacxel
ebl
ebi d
idi r
aodenobis e
ner-
gias m
oixmaren.
16
gaTbobis sistema -
sxvadasxva el
ementebis kompl
eqsia, ro-
mel
ic g
ankuTvnil
ia gasaTbobi farTisaTvis saWiro rao-
denobis siTbos miRebisaTvis da gadacemisaTvis.
gaTbobis
sistemis simZl
avris regul
ireba mniSvnel
ovania gaTbobis
sistemis efeqturobis amaRl
ebisa da SenobaSi optimal
uri
kl
imaturi
pirobebis
SeqmnisaTvis.
SenobisaTvis
saWiro
gaTbobis
sistemis
simZl
avris
optimal
uri
gaangariSeba,
mimarTul
ia energiis dazogvasTan.
gamaTbobel
sistemebs
rogoc wesi Tan axl
avs teqnikuri pasporti da maTze miTi-
Tebul
ia qvabis simZl
avre.
gamaTbobel
i qvabis simZl
avre
unda airCioT gasaTbobi oTaxis mocul
obis mixedviT.
Tu
CavTvl
iT, rom saqarTvel
oSi arsebul
i Senobebis oTaxebis
simaRl
e 3 metris fargl
ebSia,
unda gaiTval
iswinoT,
rom
aseTi Weris simaRl
is mqone 1 m2
farTobis gasaTbobaT _
0,0
7 kvt simZl
avrea saWiro.
anu 20 m2
farTis gasaTbobad
unda airCioT 1,5
kvt simZl
avris gamaTbobel
i mowyobil
o-
ba, xol
o Tu farTobi didia _ 100 m2,
maSin unda airCioT 7
kvt s
imZl
avris g
amaTbobl
ebi.
gaTbobis sistemis regul
irebisaTvis saWiroa radiatoreb-
ze damontaJdes Termostatul
i ventil
ebi,
roml
ebic ba-
lansirebas ukeTeben sistemas.
Termostatul
ventil
s Ca-
montaJebul
i aqvs temperaturis deteqto-
ri-T
ermostati, romel
ic reagirebs oTax-
Si arsebul
temperaturaze, amis mixedviT
aRebs
an
ketavs
sarqvel
s,
aregul
irebs
radiatorSi gamaval
i Tbomatarebl
is (w
ya-
li)
raodenobas da amiT oTaxis tempera-
turas.
swored SerCeul
i gaTbobis qvabis simZl
avre,
gasaTbobi
mowyobil
obebi,
Termostatul
i ventil
ebi,
roml
ebis sis-
temas bal
ansirebas ukeTeben, niSnavs, rom Tqveni gaTbobis
sistema e
feqturia, e
nergodamzogi d
a k
omfortul
i.
gai
Tv
al
is
wi
ne
T S
em
de
gi
:
_ gazze momuSave gamaTbobel
qvabSi l
urji feris al
i un-
da Candes.
Tu al
i yviTel
i ferisaa es niSnavs,
rom qvabi
araefeqturad w
vavs g
azs d
a m
as r
egul
ireba s
Wirdeba.
_ gaTiSeT gaTbobis sistema,
rodesac saxl
s ramodenime
dRiT t
ovebT.
13
da amateben penopl
astis burTul
ebs.
keraven tomrebs da
fenen s
xvenSi).
Tu s
axuravze d
amontaJebul
ia f
anjara, m
as i
seTive d
aTbu-
neba u
nda g
aukeTod, r
ogorc z
emoTaa a
Rweril
i.
brtyel
i gadaxurvis dros saxuravs Tbosaizol
acio masa-
la SeiZl
eba gaukeTdes rogorc Sida mxridan aseve gare-
danac.
garedan daTbuneba unda gaakeTos am saqmis profe-
sional
ma.
gai
Tv
al
is
wi
ne
T, r
om Tu sxvenSi moTavsebul
ia wyal
gayvani-
lobis mil
ebi aucil
ebel
ad unda SefuTod Tbosaizol
a-
cio m
asal
iT.
us
af
rT
xo
eb
is
mi
zn
iT
saizol
acio m
asal
is d
agebis d
ros i
x-
mareT samuSao tansacmel
i,
respiratori da saTval
e raTa
daicvaT sasunTqi organoebi, Tval
ebi da kani dazianebisa-
gan.
4.
ia
ta
ki
Tuki iataki anda sardafis kedl
ebi/i
ataki ar aris Tboi-
zol
irebul
i,
sardafidan amosul
i civi haeri moqmedebs
Tqveni
sacxovrebel
i
oTaxebis
temperaturaze,
amitom
Tqven g
WirdebaT u
fro m
eti r
aodenobis s
awvavis m
oxmareba
siTbos SesanarCunebl
ad. iatakis daTbuneba ar aris saWi-
ro mxol
od im SemTxvevaSi, Tu Tqveni sardafi Tbeba. iata-
kis daTbunebis dros,
aseve unda gaiTval
iswinoT nestis
probl
emebi ramac SeiZl
eba zemoqmedeba moaxdinos saizo-
lacio
masal
aze.
am
SemTxvevaSi
dagWirdebaT
Sesabamisi
sadrenaJo sistemis gakeTeba iatakis izol
aciis dawyebam-
de.
umjobesia saxl
is mSenebl
obis dawyebis dros gaiTval
iswi-
noT iatakis daTbuneba. saZirkvel
is an sxvenis iatakis mo-
Wimvis dros betonis narevSi SegiZl
iaT gamoiyenoT Tbosa-
izol
acio masal
isagan -
pol
istirol
isagan damzadebul
i
Semavsebel
i “pol
iTermi”.
igi warmoadgens qafpol
istiro-
lis TeTri feris burTul
ebs,
dafasoebul
ia tomrebSi da
misi SeZena SesaZl
ebel
ia saqarTvel
os saamSenebl
o masal
e-
14
bis b
azarze. iatakis m
oWimvis d
ros, betonis f
enis z
emodan
sakmarisia 50 mm-iani narevis dasxma.
am narevis dasamzadebl
ad unda ai-
RoT 2 tomara pol
iTermi (5
0 kg),
300 kg cementi da 75 l
wyal
i.
es
narevi dafaravs 20 m2 farTobs da
misi sisqe iqneba 50mm. sxvenis iata-
kisaTvis ki aiReT 2 tomara pol
i-
Termi (5
0 kg), 200 kg cementi da 50
l wyal
i. es narevi dafaravs 10 m2 farTs da misi sisqe 100
mm.-ia.
Tu gadawyvitavT iatakis dasaTbu-
nebel
masal
ad
gamoiyenioT
myari
izol
acia (m
ag.
penopl
asti,
pol
is-
terinisa da pol
iureTanis fil
ebi)
ecadeT,
ise daWraT izol
acia,
rom
ar daaziandes igi da CadeT iatakis
koWebs Soris Zal
ian mWidrod.
ga-
dabmis adgil
ebi amoavseT igive izol
aciiT an saamSenebl
o
qafiT.
Tu gadawyvitavT gamoiyenoT saizol
acio masal
ad mag mi-
neral
uri bambis,
SuSis bambis da
sxva.
rul
onebi,
esec iatakis ko-
Webs Soris mWirdod unda CadoT
da
daamagroT
xis
pl
intusebiT.
ise rom saizol
acio masal
is fe-
nebs S
oris a
r d
arCes R
reCoebi.
sardafis daTbunebis dros Tboi-
zol
acia
unda
gaukeTdes
mis
Wers, iataks, agreTve a
rsebul
fanjrebsa d
a k
arebs.
sardafis Tbosaizol
aciod gamoiyeneba igive masal
ebi rac
sxvenis daTbunebis dros.
esaa:
cel
ul
oza,
mineral
uri
bamba,
SuSis bamba da sxva.
aseve dasayrel
i damaTbunebel
i
masal
a s
ardafis i
atakze.
Tu sardafi nestiania maSin unda gamoiyenod nestis sawina-
aRmdego hidro saRebavi - hiper desno,
roml
is SeZenac
saqarTvel
os bazarze SesaZl
ebel
ia. saRebavi esmeva iataks
/ kedl
ebs da nestisgan icavs maT. gaxsovdeT, rom Tu sar-
15
dafi nestiania mis daTbunebas Sedegi ar eqneba.
pirvel
rigSi unda gadaWraT nestis probl
ema,
sanam daiwyendeT
daTbunebas.
sardafis fanjrebsa da karebs igive principiT ukeTdeba
Tboizol
acia, rogorc e
s z
emoTa a
Rweril
i.
5.
sa
kv
am
ur
eb
i
sakvamurs a
ucil
ebl
ad u
nda d
aumontaJoT C
amketi, raTa
zamTris p
eriodSi m
il
idan c
ivi h
aeri a
r S
emovides T
qvens
saxl
Si.
ga
Tb
ob
is
s
is
te
me
bi
binebSi moxmarebul
i energiis yvel
aze didi wil
i mis gaT-
bobaze ixarjeba. Sesabamisad gadasaxadebis TiTqmis naxeva-
ric gaTbobaze modis. garda imisa, rom xarjavT didi rao-
denobiT energoresursebs da gamonabol
qviT abinZurebT
atmosferos.
saqarTvel
os
regionebSi
umetesad
iseT
SeSis
Rumel
ebs
iyeneben, roml
ebic bevr SeSas wvaven. maTi efeqturoba 20-
25%
-s ar aRemateba. rac imas niSnavs, rom maTSi, SeSis wvis
dros warmoqmnil
i siTbos mxol
od 20-2
5%
gamoiyeneba sa-
sargebl
od. arsebobs efeqturi SeSis wvis Rumel
ebi. aseTi
Rumel
ebi nakl
ebad abinZurebs garemos, nakl
eb SeSas moix-
maren da met siTbos gamoscemen vidre Cveul
ebrivi SeSis
Rumel
ebi.
SeSis Rumel
ebis garda,
zamTarSi gaTbobisa da saWml
is
momzadebisaTvis sawvavad naxerxic gamoiyeneba.
naxerxi
aris xis gadamuSavebis Sedegad miRebul
i narCeni produq-
ti, romel
sac xis damamuSavebel
i sawarmoebi an yrian anda
yidian minimal
ur fasSi.
mSral
i naxerxis dawva SeiZl
eba
special
urad damzadebul
Rumel
Si.
naxerxis wvis Rumel
e-
bi SeSis wvis Rumel
ebTan SedarebiT ufro maRal
ia da ci-
lindrul
i f
ormis.
saqarTvel
oSi im dasaxl
ebul
punqtebSi, roml
ebic gazifi-
cirebul
ia,
gaTboba bunebriv airze momuSave Rumel
ebiTa
da c
entral
uri g
aTbobis s
istemebiT x
orciel
deba.
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