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& Utilization 12-13th February, 2019 SMRDU’19 ___________________________________________________________________
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | ii
Editorial Board:
Prof. Dr. Khadija Qureshi
Prof. Dr. Shaheen Aziz
Prof. Dr. Suhail A. Soomro
Dr. Manzoor ul Haq Rajput
Dr. Imran Nazir Unar
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PREFACE
Mehran University of Engineering and Technology (MUET) is an ISO certified institute that has
been active in various disciplines of engineering, constituting different departments, institutes, and
directorates offering undergraduate and postgraduate program since 1963. It is emerging as one of
the leading universities of the country, as being recognized by the Higher Education Commission
and Pakistan Engineering Council. The University has academic alliance with leading universities
and industrial collaboration with various organization around the globe.
Mehran UET has been always striving for the high quality research by encouraging the faculty,
utilizing indigenous resources of the country and learning from fellow researchers all over the
world. For achieving the goal, Mehran UET faculty is frequently attending the conference all over
the world to enhance research capacity.
Mehran UET has been always active in arranging National and International Seminars, workshops,
and Conferences for the growth of national and international researchers and now hosting 1st
International Conference on “Sustainable Mineral Resource Development & Utilization
(SMRDU’19)” from February 12-13, 2019.
SMRDU’2019 aims to help related professionals to meet their future challenges by exchange of
ideas under the umbrella of the event. This Conference meet the needs of researchers, policy
makers and corporate sector alike and we work closely with professional bodies and leading
industry figures to promote the event widely engaging the right kind of audience for the event.
SMRDU’2019 has been triumphant in attracting National and International speakers and
participants from public and private organizations.
Editorial Board
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ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The organizing committee of “Sustainable Mineral Resource Development & Utilization
(SMRDU’19)” acknowledges the collaboration and support of Higher Education Commission of
Pakistan (HEC), British Council, Pakistan council of scientific and industrial research (PCSIR),
United Energy Petroleum (UEP) Power Cement Limited and Pakistan Petroleum Limited (PPL),
Sindh Engro Coal Mine Company.
The active participation of National and International keynote Speakers, Authors and Participants
is highly appreciable.
The technical committee of members who utilized their efforts and work hard in reviewing the
Abstract/ Full papers manuscript.
Also acknowledged the efforts of Engr.Junaid Ghaffar Korai, Engr. Aziz Ahmed, Engr, Meer Khan
and Engr, Abdul Samee Memon, who were involved in composing, editing and printing of Abstract
book.
We also acknowledged the contribution of all conveners of conference committees and members
for their extreme support towards success of conference.
High gratitude for the rigorous efforts of the conference organization committees.
.
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CONNFERENCE ORGANIZING COMMITTEE
ORGANIZING COMMITTEE
Prof. Dr. Muhammad Aslam Uqaili Chief Patron, Vice Chancellor
Prof. Dr. Tauha Hussain Ali Patron, Pro Vice Chancellor
Prof. Dr. Muhammad Moazam Baloch Convener, Dean Faculty of Engineering
Mr. Muhammad Aleem Ahmed Convener PCSIR Labs KLC
Dr. Shahzad Alam PCSIR LABS
Prof. Dr. Suhail A. Soomro Conference Chair
Dr. Stuart M. Holmes Conference Co-Chair
Prof. Dr. Shaheen Aziz Secretary
Dr. Manzoor ul Haq Co-Secretary
Engr. Razia Begum Coordinator PCSIR LABS KLC (Principal Engineer)
1. FUNDING COMMITTEE
S.No. Name Designation
1 Prof. Dr Suhail Ahmed Soomro
(Convener) Professor, Chemical Engineering Department
2 Prof. Dr. Rasool Bux Mahar Professor and Co-director, USPCAS-W
3 Prof. Dr. Shaheen Aziz Professor, Chemical Engineering Department
4 Prof. Dr. Tanveer Phulphoto Professor, Mechanical Engineering Department
5 Dr. Nayyar Hussain Mirjat Assistant Professor, Electrical Engineering Department
6 Engr. Razia Begum Principal Engineer PCSIR-KLC
7 Prof. Dr. Shagufta Aslam Chairperson, Chemical Engineering Department, KU
2. TECHNICAL COMMITTEE
S.No Name Designation
INTERNATIONAL
1 Dr. Stuart M. Holmes Manchester University, UK
2 Dr. Mark Schrimshaw Brunel University UK
3 Dr. Susan Benal Lopez University of Leeds, UK
4 Dr. Zeeshan Nawaz Sabic, Saudi Arabi
5 Dr. A.J. Chaudhary Brunel University UK
6 Dr. John Andereson School of Engineering & Physical Sciences Heriot
WattUniversity UK
7 Dr. Fayaz Memon Exeter University, UK
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8 Dr. Mukhtar ul Hasan UK
9 Dr. Saboor UK
NATIONAL
1 Prof. Dr. Khadija Qureshi
(Convener) Professor, Chemical Engineering Department
2 Prof. Dr. A. G. Pathan Professor, Mining Engineering Department
3 Prof. Dr. Saeed Gul Dept. of Chemical Engineering, UET, Peshawar
4 Dr. Aqeel Bazmi COMSAT Lahore
5 Prof. Dr. Najma Memon Professor, CEAC, Sindh University Jamshoro
6 Prof. Dr. A. Waheed Bhutto Dawood UET, Karachi
7 Prof. Dr. Amna Baloch Professor, Sindh University Jamshoro
8 Prof. Dr. Mudassar Habib Department of Chemical Engineering, UET, Peshawar
9 Prof. Dr. M. Hayyat Jokhio Dawood UET, Karachi
10 Prof. Dr. M. Younas Department of Chemical Engineering, UET, Peshawar
11 Dr. Farah Talpur Professor, Sindh University Jamshoro
12 Prof. Dr. Sirajuddin Memon CEAC, University of Sindh
13 Prof. Dr. Sarfaraz H. Soalngi Professor, Sindh University Jamshoro
14 Prof. Dr. Tahir Shah FATA University, Kohat
15 Dr. Ali Dad Chandio Department of Metallurgical & Material
Engineering,NED, UET
16 Dr. A. Majeed Shar Department of Petroleum Engineering, NED UET,
Karachi
17 Prof. Dr. Shagufta Aslam Department of Chemical Engineering, Karachi University
18
Prof. Dr. M. Ishaque Abro
Department of Metallurgical and Material Engineering
MUET, Jmashoro
19 Dr. Liaqat Ali National Center of Excellence in Geology, Peshawar
University
20 Dr. Yasir Khan Department of Chemical Engineering, University of
Karachi
21 Prof. Dr. Nergis Yasmin Department of Earth Sciences, Bahria University, Karachi
22 Dr. Shahnaz Parveen Director P & D PCSIR-KLC
23 Dr. Nussarat Jalbani Senior Scientific Officer PCSIR-KLC
24 Dr. Tahir Rafique Senior Scientific Officer PCSIR-KLC
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3. PROTOCOL COMMITTEE
S.No Name Designation
1 Prof. Dr. Farman Ali Shah
(Convener) Professor Chemical Engineering Department
2 Prof. Dr. Khanji Harijan Professor and Director, Post Graduate Studies, MUET,
Jamshoro
3 Prof. Dr. Zubair Memon Professor, Electrical Engineering Department
4 Dr. Sheeraz Memon Director, Institute of Environment Engg: and Management
5 Prof. Dr. A. R. Memon Professor, Chemical Engineering Department
6 Prof. Dr. Aziza Aftab Professor, Chemical Engineering Department
7 Prof. Dr. Zeenat M. Ali Professor, Chemical Engineering Department
8 Engr. Ashfaque H. Pirzada Assistant Professor, Chemical Engineering Department
9 Engr. Annand Principal Engr. PCSIR-KLC
10 Aijaz Panwhar Senior Engr. PCSIR-KLC
11 Dr. Sohail Shaukat Senior Scientific Officer PCSIR-KLC
12 Mr. Naiz Ahmed Scientific Officer PCSIR-KLC
13 Engr. Dildar Memon Principal Engr. PCSIR-KLC
4. FOOD & ENTERTAINMENT COMMITTEE
S.No. Name Designation
1 Prof. Dr. Aziza Aftab
(Convener)
Professor, Chemical Engineering Department
2 Prof. Dr. Feroz Shah Professor and Co-Director, Post Graduate Studies,
MUET Jamshoro
3 Dr Imran Nazir Unar Asst. Professor, Chemical Engineering Department
4 Engr. Abdul Qadeer Laghari Lab. Supervisor, Chemical Engineering Department
5 Engr. Junaid Ghaffar Korai Teaching Assistant, Chemical Engineering Department
6 Engr. Meer Khan Teaching Assistant, Chemical Engineering Department
7 Mr. Mansoor Hai Incharge MIS Section PCSIR-KLC
8 Mr. Noman MIS Section PCSIR-KLC
9 Mr. Mujahid MIS Section PCSIR-KLC
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5. BOARDING & LODGING/MULTI MEDIA TEAM
S.No. Name Designation
1 Dr. Zulfiqar Ali Bhatti
(Convener) Assistant Professor, Chemical Engineering Department
2 Dr. Muhammad Yasir Khan Assistant Professor, University of Karachi
3 Engr. Miaraj M. Khanzada Lecturer, Chemical Engineering Department
4 Engr. Abdul Qadeer Laghari Lab. Supervisor, Chemical Engineering Department
5 Engr. Junaid Ghaffar Korai Teaching Assistant, Chemical Engineering Department
6 Engr. Meer Khan Teaching Assistant, Chemical Engineering Department
7 Mr. Mansoor Hai Incharge MIS Section PCSIR-KLC
8 Mr. Noman MIS Section PCSIR-KLC
9 Mr. Mujahid MIS Section PCSIR-KLC
10 Mr. Kazim ESC-PCSIR-KLC
6. CONFERENCE HALL & STAGE COMMITTEE
S. No. Name Designation
1 Mr. Pervez Shakel
(Convener)
Mining Engineering Department, MUET Jamshoro
2 Dr. Fahad Irfan Siddiqui Asst. Professor, Mining Engineering Department
3 Engr. Zulfiqar Ali Solangi Lecturer, Chemical Engineering Department
4 Engr. Naveed Koondhar Lab Engineer
5 Dr. Akhtar Shareef Senior Scientific Officer PCSIR-KLC
6 Dr. Sofia Alvi Principal scientific officer PCSIR-KLC
7 Dr. Beena Naqvi Senior Scientific Officer
8 Dr. Shazia Senior Scientific Officer
9 Ms. Tahmina Sohail Senior Scientific Officer
10 Engr. Inayat Principal scientific officer PCSIR-KLC
7. PRINTING & PUBLICATION & WEB DEVELOPMENT
S.No. Name Designation
1 Dr. Imran Nazir Unar
(Convener) Asst. Professor, Chemical Engineering Department
2 Engr. Aziz Soomro Chemical Engineering Department
3 Engr. Abdul Samee Memon Chemical Engineering Department
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4 Engr. Naveed Koondhar Chemical Engineering Department
5 Dr. Durdana .R. Hashami Principal scientific officer PCSIR-KLC
6 Dr. Uzama Rashid Senior Scientific Officer
7 Mr. Imdad Soomro PRO, Mehran UET
8 Mr. Ashfaque PRO office
8. REGISTRATION COMMITTEE
S.No. Name Designation
1 Dr. Muhammad Shuaib
(Convener) Associate Professor, Chemical Engineering Department
2 Engr. Aisha Kousar Assistant Professor, Chemical Engineering Department
3 Engr. Naveed Koondhar Chemical Engineering Department
4 Engr. Junaid Ghaffar Korai Chemical Engineering Department
5 Engr. Aziz Ahmed Soomro Chemical Engineering Department
6 Dr. Hina Ahson Senior Scientific Officer
7 Dr. Tooba Naveed Senior Scientific Officer
8 Mrs. Aisha Junior Experimental Officer PCSIR-KLC
9 Mr. Junaid Akhtar Scientific Officer PCSIR-KLC
10 Mrs. Nisra S.L PCSIR-KLC
11 Mr. Zain QMR PCSIR-KLC
9. TRANSPORT COMMITTEE
S.No Name Designation
1 Dr. Zulfiqar Bhatti
(Convener) Asst. Professor, Chemical Engineering Department
2 Engr. Abdul Qadeer Laghari Lab. Supervisor, Chemical Engineering Department
3 Engr. Arshad Iqbal Jarwar Lab. Supervisor, Chemical Engineering Department
4 Engr. Abdul Qudoos Teaching Assistant, Chemical Engineering Department
5 Engr. Junaid Ghaffar Korai Teaching Assistant, Chemical Engineering Department
6 Mr. Amrat Lal Senior Scientific Officer
7 Mr. Bashir Ahmed Sheikh P.A to D.G PCSIR-KLC
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10. SECURITY COMMITTEE
S.No Name Designation
1 Prof. Dr. Abdul Waheed Umrani
(Convener) Registrar, MUET Jamshoro
2 Dr. Sohail Shoukat OIC-security PCSIR-KLC
3 Abdul Rasheed Assistant Security officer PCSIR-KLC
11. SECTARAITE COMMITTEE
S.No. Name Designation
1 Dr. Imran Nazir Unar
(Convener) Chemical Engineering Department
2 Engr. Junaid Ghaffar Korai Chemical Engineering Department
3 Engr. Aziz Ahmed Chemical Engineering Department
4 Engr. Meer Khan Chemical Engineering Department
5 Engr. Abdul Samee Memon Chemical Engineering Department
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INVITED / KEY NOTE SPEAKER
INTERNATIONAL
S.No NAME AFFILIATION TITLE OF KEYNOTE TALK
1. Prof. Dr. Mahfooz
Soomro
Western Sydney University,
Australia
Chemical Activation of Ceramic,
Glass, Pozzolan to make Geo-
polymers.
2. Dr. Mukhtar ul Hassan
Western Road Southall
Middlesex UB2 5DX London
UK
Treatment of mixed Industrial
Effluent (heavy metal ions,
organic pollutants, herbicides and
dyes) by a novel combination of
photolytic ,electrochemical and
carbon concentrator system.
3. Prof. Dr. N. Emre Altun
Middle East Technical
University, Mining
Engineering Department
Ankara, Turkey
Centrifugal Gravity
Concentration as a Novel Tool
for Extending the Metallurgical
Outcomes of Conventional
Processing Circuits
4. Prof. Dr. Suzana Yusup Malaysia
Thermal Conversion
Technologies of Biomass to
Gaseous Fuel.
5. Dr. Zeeshan Nawaz Riyadh Saudi Arabia
Technologies for
Dehydrogenation of Light
Alkane to Light Olefin:
Comprehensive review
6. Dr M Ayub khan Malaysia
Economization and Optimization
of Biodiesel Production via
Latest Technologies in Malaysia
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NATIONAL
S. No NAME AFFILIATION TITLE OF KEYNOTE TALK
1. Prof. Dr. Mohammad
Younas
Department of Chemical
Engineering, University of
Engineering & Technology,
Peshawar
Post combustion CO2 capture
through PVDF/PDMS hollow
fiber membrane module with
sweep gas
2. Prof. Dr. Muddasar
Habib
HOD,Chemical
Engineering.,UET Peshawar,
Pakistan
Sustainable Mineral Resource
Utilization
3. Prof. Dr. Mohammad
Tahir Shah
Vice Chancellor, FATA
University, Akhurwal, FR
Kohat
Present and Future Prospects
of Mineral Resources of
Pakistan in the context of its
Tectonic Framework
4. Dr. Mehmood Saleem Institute of Chemical
Engineering, University of
Punjab
The role of Indigenous Coal in
National Energy Mix: Present
and Future
5. Dr. Hassan Agheem Center of Advanced Studies in
Pure and Applied Geology,
University of Sindh
Kaolinite (China Clay)
deposits of Nagar Parkar:
Origin and uses
6. Dr. Sarfaraz Hussain
Solangi Pro Vice Chancellor, Thatta
Campus, University of Sindh.
Global context of fossil energy
utilization and sustainability
with special reference to
Pakistan
7. Prof. Dr. Sirajuddin
Khan
National Center of Excellence
in Analytical Chemistry,
University of Sindh
Monitoring of Water
Pollutants via Nanomaterials.
8. Dr. Tajnees Pirazada Institute of Chemistry, Shah
Abdul Latif University,
Khairpur
Extraction and characterization
of humic acid extracted from
Pakistani coals
9. Dr. Shagufta Aslam Department of Chemical
Engineering, University of
Karachi
Design of Catalytic Cracking
unit for Refinery meet the
Energy Crises of Pakistan
10. Prof. Dr. Abdul Khaliq
Ansari
Ex. Director Institute of
Environmental Engineering &
Management Mehran
University of Engineering
&Technology Jamshoro
The Environmental Safeguard
Policies for Sustainable Mine
Development
11. Dr. Ali Dad Chandio
Department of Metallurgy and
Materials Engineering, NED
UET University, Karachi
Strategies to iron ore
Beneficiation: Revival of steel
sector of Pakistan
12. Dr. Ahmad Hussain Director ORIC, Szabist
Karachi
Clean Coal Technologies for
Power Generation
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13. Engr. Zulfiqar Ali
Dakhan
Chief Executive
ZADTECH International
ISO-45001:2018 Occupational
Health and Safety Management
System
14. Engr. Zulfiqar Ali
Dakhan
Chief Executive
ZADTECH International
ISO-14001:2015 Environmental
Management System
15. S. M. Imran Director Project, Power
Cement Limited
Sustainable Utilization of
Mineral Resources at Power
Cement Limited.
16. Dr. Liaqat Ali
Associate Professor of Mineral
Exploration
NCE in Geology
University of Peshawar
The use of Automated
QEMSCAN techniques in
stream sediment exploration: A
case study from northern
Pakistan
17. Prof. Dr. Mir Munsif
Ali Talpur
Institute of Chemistry, Shah
Abdul Latif University,
Khairpur, Sindh, Pakistan
Evaluation of adsorption
capacities of commercial humic
acid for application to remove
18. Prof. M Zahid Qureshi Department of Chemistry
G C University, Lahore
Nanotechnology- Science of
Every Science
19. Dr. Yasmeen Nargis
Department of Earth and
Environmental Sciences Bahria
University, Karachi Campus,
Pakistan
Environmental Impacts And
Mitigation of TLC Mine
Dewatering Operation, Sindh,
Pakistan
20. Ubedullah Ansari Mehran UET Jamshoro
Simulating the Drilling Profile in
Coal Formation to Extract Coal
Bed Methane Using Finite
Element Method Over Pore
Pressure Envelop
21. Engr. Yunas Khan Askari Cement Ltd.
Efficient energy Management
of Low rank coal to tackle its
Quality Problems
22. Mr. Shahid Bhutto PCSIR Labs Karachi Complex.
Synthesis of silver
impregnated Graphene Oxide
and Reduced Graphene Oxide
By Re-Modified HUMMERs
Method and Its Application’s
23. Akhter Sharif
Centre for Environmental
Studies (CES), PCSIR Labs
Complex, Karachi
Impact of coal Mining on
Environment and Human Health
24. M. Ishaque Abro Chairmen department of
Metallurgy and Mining
Beneficiation of Low Grade
Ores: Current and Future
Challenges
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TABLE OF CONTENT
Preface ii
Acknowledgement iii
Conference Organizing Committee iv
International Invited Speakers ix
National Invited Speakers x
Paper ID Title Page No.
Geology, Mining & Beneficiation (GMB)
GMB-101
(Keynote)
The use of Automated QEMSCAN techniques in stream sediment
exploration: A case study from northern Pakistan
Liaqat Ali, Ben Williamson and Charles John Moon
2
GMB-102
(Keynote)
Environmental Impacts and Mitigation of TLC mine Dewatering
operation, Sindh, Pakistan
Yasmin Nergis, Muhammad Jahangir khan and Mughal Sharif
3
GMB-103
(Keynote)
Beneficiation of Low Grade Ores: Current and Future Challenges
Prof Dr Ishaque Abro 4
GMB-104
(Keynote)
Global context of fossil energy utilization and sustainability with special
reference to Pakistan
Sarfraz Hussain Solangi
5
GMB-105
Production of three-way catalytic converter (50 units per day) for the
reduction of pollutants generated from internal combustion engines
Fahad Jamil, Muhammad Bilal, Basit Ali Khan, and Naseer Ahmed Khan
Naveed H. Syed, and Ali Imran Bangash
7
GMB-106
Detection and Monitoring of Underground Coal Mine Gases at Lakhra
Coal Mines
Niaz Muhammad Shahani, Zhijun Wan
8
Mineral Processing (MP)
MP-201
(Keynote)
Chemical activation of Pozzolan, Ceramics, Glass to produce
Geopolymers
Dr. Mahfooz Soomro
10
MP-202
(Keynote)
Centrifugal gravity concentration as a novel tool for extending the
metallurgical outcones of conventional processing circuits
N. Emre Altun
12
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MP-203
(Keynote)
Treatment of mixed industrial effluent (heavy metals ions, organic
pollutants, herbicides and dyes) by novel combination of photolytic,
electrochemical and carbon concentrator system
Prof. Dr. Muddasar Habib
14
MP-204
(Keynote)
Present and Future Prospects of Mineral Resources of Pakistan in the
context of its Tectonic Framework
Mohamamd Tahir Shah
15
MP-205
(Keynote)
Kaolinite (China Clay) deposits of Nagar Parkar: Origin and uses
Muhammad Hassan Agheem, Akhtar Hussain Markhand, Riaz Hussain Rajpar 16
MP-206
(Keynote)
Strategies to Iron Ore Beneficiation: Revival of Steel Sector of Pakistan
A.D. Chandio 17
MP-207
(Keynote)
Sustainable Utilization of Mineral Resources at Power Cement Limited
S.M. Imran, 18
MP-208
(Keynote)
Challenges and Oppertunities in mineral based industrial sector of
Pakistan
Prof. Dr. Viqar Husain
20
MP-209
A theoretical study of transport behavior of particle species in fluidized
bed separators
Naveed H. Syed, Naseer A. Khan
21
MP-210
Synthesis Of Copper acetate metallic Nanoparticles Using Cruciferous
Vegetables
Kanwal Zohra, G.Zuhra Memon
22
MP-211
Selective Flocculation Study of hematite in hematite-quartz-kaolinite
system in presence of C2+, Mg2+ and Fe3+ ions: Part 1. Optimization of
ligand.
Abro M. I., Pathan A. G., Lagari A. J, Khatri U. A., Channa S. A., and
Mukesh K
23
MP-212
Designing production flowline using Heuristic techniques. A case study at
Zeal Pak Cement Factory Ltd (ZPCFL) Hyderabad
Yasir Hashmi, Prof. Dr. Abdul Salam Soomro, Hammad Hashmi
24
MP-213
Development and characterization of Nano-Hydroxyapatite by Freeze
drying
Maheera Abdul Ghani, Ehsan Ul Haq , Gul Hameed ,Sidrah Majeed
25
MP-214
Occupational exposure to mercury among the workers in a lighting
product manufacturing factory, SITE, industrial area, karachi Pakistan.
Dr Uzma Rashid , Dr Nusrat Jalbani, Farooq Ahmed Khan
26
Energy Minerals (EM)
EM-301
(keynote)
Thermal Conversion Technologies of Biomass to Gaseous Fuel.
Prof. Dr. Suzana Yusup 28
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EM-302
(keynote)
Technologies for dehydrogenation of light Alkane to Light Olefin: A
comprehensive Review
Dr. Zeeshan Nawaz
29
EM-303
(keynote)
Post combustion CO2 capture through PVDF/PDMS hollow fiber
membrane module with sweep gas
Sub topics: Advanced Membrane Modules, Emerging Membrane Processes
M. Younas, A. Muhammad, G. Gong, J. Li
30
EM-304
(Keynote)
The role of indigenous coal in National Energy Mix: Present and Future
Dr. Mahmood Saleem 32
EM-305
(Keynote
Extraction and characterization of humic acid extracted from Pakistani
coals
Prof. Dr. Tajnees Pirzada
33
EM-306
(Keynote)
Design of Catalytic Cracking unit for Refinery meet the Energy Crises of
Pakistan
Danish Jawed, Muhammad Shoaib Ahmed Ansari, Muzzammil Shehnoz
Khatri, Shagufta Ishteyaque
34
EM-307
(Keynote)
Clean Coal Technologies for Power Generation
Prof. Dr. Ahmad Hussain 35
EM-308
(Keynote)
Efficient energy Management of Low rank coal to tackle its Quality
Problems
Engr. Yunus
36
EM-309
(Keynote)
Lakhra Coal is also a resource of Minerals
Professor Tasneem G Kazi 37
EM-310 Thar Coal Present and Future Prospects
Engr. Faisal Iqbal 38
EM-311 Analyzing Effects of Skin in Horizontal and Vertical Well
Asad Ahmed Memon, Assistant Professor Naveed Ahmed Ghirano 39
EM-312 Performance evaluation of Biodiesel form waste cooking oil
Engr. Abid Ali Khaskheli 40
EM-313
Parametric investigation dibenzothiophene removal from Pakistani low
rank coal using native microorganism.
Abdul Sattar Jatoi, Shaheen Aziz, Suhail Ahmed Soomro
41
EM-314
Facile Organic Ligand Assisted Hydrothermal Synthesis of MoSX-MoOX
Nanocomposites for Hydrogen Production
Umair Aftab, Muhammad Ishaque Abro, Muhammad Moazam Baloch,
Sirajuddin Khan
42
EM-315 Mineralogical and Microstrutural characterization of carbonate rocks of
lower Indus Basin, Pakistan
Abdul Majeed shar, Waheed Ali Abro, Asad Ali Narejo, Kun Sang Lee
43
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EM-316
Synthesis of Gamman Alumina by using Acid treatment from Nagar
Parker kaolin
Ahsan Ali, Suhail A. Soomro, Sanwal Hussain
44
EM-317
Effective and Environmental Friendly Utilization of Biomass, Plastic and
Lignite coal Briquettes
Sanwal Hussain, Suhail A. Soomro, Shaheen Aziz, Ahsan Ali, Naveed Ali
45
Technological Advance Material(TAM)
TAM-401
(Keynote)
Monitoring of Water Pollutants via Nanomaterials
Prof. Dr. Sirajuddin 47
TAM-402
(keynote)
Synthesis of silver impregnated Graphene Oxide and Reduced Graphene
Oxide By Re-Modified HUMMERs Method and Its Application’s
Dr Shahid Bhutto
48
TAM-403
(keynote)
Simulating the Drilling Profile in Coal Formation to Extract Coal Bed
Methane Using Finite Element Method Over Pore Pressure Envelop
Ubedullah Ansari, Suhail A. Soomro, Abdul Haque Tunio, Li QingChao,
YuanFang Cheng
49
TAM-404
(keynote)
Smart Imprinted Polymer for Selective Recognition and Removal of
Toxic Ions from Aqueous Syste
Aamna Balouch
50
TAM-405
Copper nanoparticles as colorimetric sensor for detection of trace level
Arsenic 3+
Gul Naz Laghari Baloch, Sirajuddin, Syed Tufail Hussain Sherezi
51
TAM-406
Synthesis and applications of imprinted Semi-IPN cryogel composite for
selective removal of aluminum from aqueous matrices
Shahnila Shah, Huma Shaikh and Najma Memon
52
TAM-407
Synthesis of Insulin Intercalated Graphene Oxide (IN @ GO) Nanogel/
Nanocomposite for the Controlled Drug Delivery
Shabana Gul, Huma Shaikh, Shahabuddin Memon, Ayaz Ali Memon
53
TAM-408
Synthesis, Characterization and properties of Copper Oxide
Nanoparticles using different capping agents
Shabana Bhagat
54
TAM-409
Synthesis of Novel Nanoliposomes for Effective Delivery of
CoQ10
Ammara Rasheed, Huma Shaikh, Shahabuddin Memon
55
TAM-410 Simulation of Carbon Capture Process at Kunar oil Field
Syeda Saman Zehra Zaidi Muhammad Awais Imran Nazir Unar 56
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TAM-411
Energy Conservation in distillation Column with PETYLUK
Arrangement
Fahad Hussain Noonari, Imran Nazir Unar, Suhail A. Soomro,Shaheen Aziz
57
TAM-412
Dimethyl ether production from coal based synthesis gas: process
simulation and modelling - A review
Abdul Jabbar Kalhoro, Shaheen Aziz, Suhail A. Soomro, Fahad Hussain
Noonari
58
TAM-413
Comparative study of Fluoride Removal from Water Using Indigenous China
Clay and Fly Ash as an adsorbent: A laboratory Scale Study
Manzoor ul haq Rajput, Shaheen aziz, Suhail A.soomro, Abdul Khaliq
Ansari2,Abdul Sattar jatoi, Junaid Ghaffar Korai.
59
TAM-414
Effective Bioremediation of Endocrine-Disrupting Phthalate Esters, Mediated by
Bacillus Strains
Muhammad Ali Surhio, Farah Naz talpur, Shafi Muhammad Nizamani, Hassan
Imran Afridi
60
Environment, Health, Safety and Management(EHSM)
ESHM-
501
(Keynote)
Treatment of mixed Industrial Effluent (heavy metal ions, organic
pollutants, herbicides and dyes) by a novel combination of photolytic
,electrochemical and carbon concentrator system
Mukhtar-ul-Hassan , Zahid Qureshi , Javed Iqbal , Mudsar Natt
62
ESHM-
502
(Keynote)
The Environmental Safeguard Policies for Sustainable Mine Development
Prof. Dr. Abdul Khalique Ansari 63
ESHM-
503
(Keynote)
ISO 45001:2018
Occupational health and Safety Management Systems
Engr. Zulfiqar A Dhakan
64
ESHM-
504
(Keynote)
ISO 14001:2015
Environmental Management Systems
Engr. Zulfiqar A Dhakan
65
ESHM-
505
(Keynote)
Evaluation of adsorption capacities of commercial humic acid for
application to remove pollutants such as Cu2+, Zn2+, Cd2+ and Ni2+ and
characterization with FT-IR spectroscopy
Mir Munsif Ali Talpur, Tajnees Pirzada, Mir Ali Raza Talpur
66
ESHM-
506
(Keynote)
Impact of coal Mining on Environment and Human Health
Akhtar Shareef, Durdana Rais Hashmi and Rzaia Begum 67
ESHM-
507
To Investigate the Impact of Recycled Coarse Aggregate as a Partial
Substituent of Natural Aggregate
Mohammad Asim, Mujeeb-ur-Rehman,Waheed Ahmed, Gohr Nadeem
68
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ESHM-
508
Occupational Health and Safety in Mining
Naseem Ibrahim, 69
ESHM-
509
Impact Evaluation of coal Mine drainage on physiochemical properties
of soil and aquifer around coal mining areas in Chakwal, Punjab,
Pakistan
Waqas Ahmed, Tahseenullah Khan, Fiza Sarwar
70
ESHM-
510
Large-scale application of iron-containing clay in environmental
engineering
Zubair Ahmed , Evgen Shapovalov, Viktor Stabnikov, Sergei Zhadan,
Anatoliy Salyuk, Shan Saleem, and Volodymyr Ivanov
72
ESHM-
511
Conversion of Waste Plastic to Synthetic Crude Oil through Pyrolysis
Amir Muhammad, Junaid Shehzad, Junaid Afridi, Haris Khattak, Mohammad
Younas
73
ESHM-
512
Environment, Health, and Safety: Where We Stand and Where We Need
to Go.
Mahmood Arshad, Muhammad Waqas, Maryum Khan
74
ESHM-
513
GIS based Analysis of Ground Water Quality: A Case Study of Districts
of Punjab- Pakistan
Falak Naeem, Lubna Ghazal
75
ESHM-
514
Successful Installation of Defluoridation Water Treatment Plant in the
Thar Desert, Pakistan
Tahir Rafique, Muhammad Anas, Sofia Khalique Alvi, Khaula Shirin
76
ESHM-
515
Efficient imprinted materials for the selective recognition of targeted
toxic ions in aqueous system
Ameet Kumara, Aamna Baloucha
77
ESHM-
516
Arsenic Removal from Ground Water through untreated Rice Husk Bed
A.Qudoos, S.Farman, A.Sikander, M.Saeed, M.Khan , K.Junaid 78
ESHM-
517
Low Cost Environmental Friendly Water Desalination through DC Power
Electro dialysis for Arid and Semi Arid Regions
Muhammad Awais, Shaheen Aziz, Suhail A. Soomro
79
ESHM-
518
Utilization of Pleurotus eryngii biosorbent as an environmental bioremedy
for the decontamination of trace cadmium(II) ions from water system
Farah Amin, Farah Naz Talpur, Aamna Balouch, Hassan Imran Afridi
80
ESHM-
519
Assessment of Medium Density Fiber (MDF) Board process for cleaner
production
Shokat Ali Abbassi, Sheeraz Memon, Saad Memon, Fahad Hussain Nnonari
81
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CONFERENCE PROGRAMDAY 01, TUESDAY, 12 FEBRUARY 2019
Inauguration Ceremony
09:00 Registration09:45 Recitation of Holy Quran10:00 SMRDU’19 Overview - Conference Chair, Prof. Dr. Suhail Ahmed Soomro10:15 Welcome Speech by Vice Chancellor, MUET, Prof. Dr. M. Aslam Uqaili10:30 Keynote Talk 1 by Dr. Mahfooz Soomro from Australia
Title of Talk: “Chemical activation of Pozzolan, Ceramics, Glass to produce”.11:00 Keynote Talk 2 by Dr. Sarfaraz H. Solangi, Pro Vice Chancellor, Thatta Campus,
University of Sindh.Title of Talk: “Global context of fossil energy utilization and sustainability with specialreference to Pakistan”.
11:30 Address by Guest of Honor11:45 Address by Chief Guest12:00 Vote of Thanks12:15 Poster Presentations13:15 Lunch Break
DAY 01, TUESDAY, 12 FEBRUARY 2019
Timing
Session – 1AGeology, Mining & Beneficiation (GMB)/
Energy Minerals (EM)
Session – 1BMineral Processing (MP)/ Energy, Health, Safety
and Management (EHSM)Session Chair
Dr. Mahfooz A.Soomro
Session SecretaryDr. Shugufta Aslam
Session ChairDr. M. Tahir Shah
Session SecretaryDr. Hasan Agheem
14:00 to 14:15
Key Note SpeakerGMB-101: The use of Automated QEMSCANtechniques in stream sediment exploration: A
case study from northern Pakistan
Key Note SpeakerMP-203: Treatment of mixed industrial effluent
(heavy metals ions, organic pollutants, herbicidesand dyes) by novel combination of photolytic,
electrochemical and carbon concentrator systemDr. Liaqat Ali Prof. Dr. Muddasar Habib
14:15 to 14:30
Key Note SpeakerGMB-102: Environmental Impacts and
Mitigation of TLC mine Dewatering operation,Sindh, Pakistan
Key Note SpeakerMP-204: Present and Future Prospects of Mineral
Resources of Pakistan in the context of its TectonicFramework
Dr. Yasmin Nergis Dr. Mohamamd Tahir Shah
14:30 to 14:40
Key Note SpeakerEM-305: Extraction and characterization ofhumic acid extracted from Pakistani coals
Key Note SpeakerMP-205: Kaolinite (China Clay) deposits of Nagar
Parkar: Origin and usesProf. Dr. Tajnees Pirzada Dr. Muhammad Hassan Agheem
14:40 to 14:50
GMB-103: Beneficiation of Low Grade Ores:Current and Future Challenges
Key Note SpeakerMP-208: Challenges and Oppertunities in mineral
based industrial sector of PakistanProf. Dr. Ishaque Abro Prof. Dr. Vikar Hussain
14:50 to 15:00
GMB-105: Production of three-way catalyticconverter (50 units per day) for the reduction ofpollutants generated from internal combustion
engines
MP-209: A theoretical study of transport behavior ofparticle species in fluidized bed separators
Fahad Jamil Naveed H. Syed
15:00 to 15:10
GMB-106: Detection and Monitoring ofUnderground Coal Mine Gases at Lakhra Coal
Mines
MP-210: Synthesis of Copper acetate metallicNanoparticles Using Cruciferous Vegetables
Niaz Muhammad Shahani Kanwal Zohra
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15:10 to 15:20
EM-316: Synthesis of Gamman Alumina byusing Acid treatment from Nagar Parker kaolin
MP-212: Designing production flowline usingHeuristic techniques. A case study at Zeal Pak
Cement Factory Ltd (ZPCFL) HyderabadAhsan Ali Yasir Hashmi
15:20 to 15:30EM-317: Preparation of Emission free coal-
biomass-plastic brequitesMP-213: Development and characterization of Nano-
Hydroxyapatite by Freeze dryingSanwal Hussain Maheera Abdul Ghani
15:30 to 15:40
EM-310: Thar Coal Present and FutureProspects
MP-214: -201Occupational exposure to mercuryamong the workers in a lighting product
manufacturing factory, SITE, industrial area, karachiPakistan
Faisal Iqbal Dr. Uzma Rashid
15:40 to 15:50
EHSM: 513: GIS based Analysis of Ground WaterQuality: A Case Study of Districts of Punjab-
PakistanFalak Naeem
15:50 to 16:00EHSM-514: Successful Installation of DefluoridationWater Treatment Plant in the Thar Desert, Pakistan
Tahir Rafique16:00 to 16:30 Tea Break
Session – 2ATechnology Advance Materail (TAM)
Session – 2BEnergy Minerals (EM)
Session ChairDr. M. Ayub
Session ChairProf. Yasmin Nargis
Session ChairDr. A. Hussain
Session SecretaryDr. Yunas
16:30 to 16:45
Key Note SpeakerEHSM-505: Evaluation of adsorption capacities
of commercial humic acid for application toremove pollutants such as Cu2+, Zn2+, Cd2+
and Ni2+ and characterization with FT-IRspectroscopy
Key Note SpeakerEM-307: Clean Coal Technologies for Power
Generation
Prof. Dr. Mir Munsif Ali Talpur Prof. Dr. Ahmad Hussain
16:45 to 17:00
Key Note SpeakerTAM-401: Monitoring of Water Pollutants via
Nanomaterials
Key Note SpeakerEM-303: Post combustion CO2 capture through
PVDF/PDMS hollow fiber membrane module withsweep gas
Prof. Dr. Sirajuddin Prof. Dr. M. Younas
17:00 to 17:10
Key Note SpeakerTAM-402: Synthesis of silver impregnated
Graphene Oxide and Reduced Graphene Oxideby Re-Modified HUMMERs Method and Its
Application’s
Key Note SpeakerEM-308: Efficient energy Management of Low rank
coal to tackle its Quality Problems
Dr. Shahid Bhutto Engr.Yunus Khan
17:10 to 17:20TAM-405: Copper nanoparticles as colorimetric
sensor for detection of trace level ArsenicEM-311: Analyzing Effects of Skin in Horizontal
and Vertical WellGul Naz Laghari Baloch Asad Ahmed Memon
17:20 to 17:30
TAM-406: Synthesis and applications ofimprinted Semi-IPN cryogel composite for
selective removal of aluminum from aqueousmatrices
EM-312: Performance evaluation of Biodiesel formwaste cooking oil
Shahnila Shah Engr. Abid Ali Khaskheli
17:30 to 17:40
TAM-407: Synthesis of Insulin IntercalatedGraphene Oxide (IN @ GO) Nanogel/
Nanocomposite for the Controlled DrugDelivery
EM-313: Parametric investigation dibenzothiopheneremoval from Pakistani low rank coal using native
microorganism.
Shabana Gul Abdul Sattar Jatoi
17:40 to 17:50
TAM-408: Synthesis, Characterization andproperties of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles using
different capping agents
EM-314: Facile Organic Ligand AssistedHydrothermal Synthesis of MoSX-MoOXNanocomposites for Hydrogen Production
Shabana Bhagat Umair Aftab
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17:50 to 18:00
TAM-409: Synthesis of Novel Nanoliposomesfor Effective Delivery of CoQ10
EM:-315: Mineralogical and Microstruturalcharacterization of carbonate rocks of lower Indus
Basin, PakistanAmmara Rasheed Abdul Majeed shar
20:00 Conference Dinner
DAY - 2, WEDNESDAY, 13 FEBRUARY 2019
Timing
Session – 3AEnvironment, Health, Safety & Management (EHSM)/ Geology, Mining & Beneficiation (GMB)
Session ChairProf. Dr. Vikar Hussain
Session SecretaryDr. M. Ishaque Abro
09:00 to 09:15
Key Note SpeakerESHM-501: Treatment of mixed Industrial Effluent (heavy metal ions, organic pollutants, herbicides
and dyes) by a novel combination of photolytic, electrochemical and carbon concentrator systemMukhtar-ul-Hassan
09:15 to 09:30Key Note Speaker
ESHM-502: The Environmental Safeguard Policies for Sustainable Mine DevelopmentProf. Dr. Abdul Khalique Ansari
09:30 to 09:40Key Note Speaker
ESHM-503: ISO 45001:2018 Occupational health and Safety Management SystemsEngr. Zulfiqar Ali Dakhan
09:40 to 09:50Key Note Speaker
ESHM-504: ISO 14001:2015 Environmental Management SystemsEngr. Zulfiqar Ali Dakhan
09:50 to 10:00EHSM-506: Impact of coal Mining on Environment and Human Health
Akhtar Shareef
10:00 to 10:10ESHM-507: To Investigate the Impact of Recycled Coarse Aggregate as a Partial Substituent of Natural
AggregateMohammad Asim
10:10 to 10:20ESHM-508: Occupational Health and Safety in Mining
Naseem Ibrahim
10:20 to 10:30ESHM-509: Impact Evaluation of coal Mine drainage on physiochemical properties of soil and aquifer
around coal mining areas in Chakwal, Punjab, PakistanWaqas Ahmeda
10:30 to 10:40ESHM-510: Large-scale application of iron-containing clay in environmental engineering
Zubair Ahmed
10:40 to 10:50ESHM-511: Conversion of Waste Plastic to Synthetic Crude Oil through Pyrolysis
Amir Muhammad
10:50 to 11:00ESHM-512: Environment, Health, and Safety: Where We Stand and Where We Need to Go.
Mahmood Arshad11:00 to 11:30 Tea Break
Timing
Session – 4AMineral Procesing (MP)/Energy Minerals (EM)/EHSM
Session ChairProf. Dr. Muddasar
Habib
Session SecretaryProf. Dr. Mir Munsif Talpur
Session Secretary
11:30 to 11:45Key Note Speaker
MP-206: Strategies to Iron Ore Beneficiation: Revival of Steel Sector of PakistanA.D. Chandio
11:45 to 12:00Key Note Speaker
MP-207: Sustainable Utilization of Mineral Resources at Power Cement LimitedS. M. Imran
12:00 to 12:10Key Note Speaker
EM-309: Lakhra Coal is also a resource of MineralsProf. Dr. Tasneem G. Kazi
12:10 to 12:20 Key Note SpeakerEM-304: The role of indigenous coal in National Energy Mix: Present and Future
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Dr. Mahmood Saleem
12:20 to 12:30Key Note Speaker
EM-306: Design of Catalytic Cracking unit for Refinery meet the Energy Crises of PakistanDr. Shagufta Ishteyaque
12:30 to 12:40EHSM-515: Efficient imprinted materials for the selective recognition of targeted toxic ions in aqueous
systemAmeet Kumara
12:40 to 12:50EHSM-516: Arsenic Removal from Ground Water through untreated Rice Husk Bed
A.Qudoos
12:50 to 13:00MP-211: Selective Flocculation Study of hematite in hematite-quartz-kaolinite system in presence of
C2+, Mg2+ and Fe3+ ions: Part 1. Optimization of ligand.Prof. Dr. Muhammad Ishaque Abro
13:00 to 14:00 Lunch Break
Timing
Session – 5ATechnology Advance Materail (TAM)/ Energy, Health, Safety and Management (EHSM)
Session ChairProf. Dr. Sirajuddin
Session SecretoryDr. Ahmed Hussain
14:00 to 14:15
Key Note SpeakerTAM-404: Smart Imprinted Polymer for Selective Recognition and Removal of Toxic Ions from
Aqueous SysteAmna Balouch
14:15 to 14:30Key Note Speaker
Nanotechnology- Science of Every ScienceProf. M Zahid Qureshi
14:30 to 14:40TAM-403: Simulating the Drilling Profile in Coal Formation to Extract Coal Bed Methane Using Finite
Element Method Over Pore Pressure EnvelopUbedullah Ansari
14:40 to 14:50TAM-410: Simulation of Carbon Capture Process at Kunar oil Field
Syeda Saman Zehra Zaidi
14:50 to 15:00TAM-411: Energy Conservation in distillation Column with PETYLUK Arrangement
Fahad Hussain Noonari
15:00 to 15:10TAM-412: Dimethyl ether production from coal-based synthesis gas: process simulation and modelling -A review
Abdul Jabbar Kalhoro
15:10 to 15:20TAM-413: Comparative study of Fluoride Removal from Water Using Indigenous China Clay and FlyAsh as an adsorbent: A laboratory Scale Study
Dr. Manzoor-ul-Haque Rajput
15:20 to 15:30TAM-414: Effective Bioremediation of Endocrine-Disrupting Phthalate Esters, Mediated by BacillusStrains
Muhammad Ali Surhio
15:30 to 15:40EHSM-517: Low Cost Environmental Friendly Water Desalination through DC Power Electro dialysisfor Arid and Semi Arid Regions
Muhammad Awais
15:40 to 15:50EHSM-518: Utilization of Pleurotus eryngii biosorbent as an environmental bioremedy for thedecontamination of trace cadmium (II) ions from water system
Farah Amin
15:50 to 16:00EHSM-519: Assessment of Medium Density Fiber (MDF) Board process for cleaner production
Shokat Ali Abbassi16:00 to 17:00 Conclusion Ceremony17:00 to 17:30 Tea Break
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DISCLAIMER
Facts and opinions in articles published in the proceedings of 1st
International Conference on Sustainable Mineral Resources Development
& Utilization (SMRDU’19) are solely the personal statements of
respective authors. Authors are responsible for all contents in their
article(s) including accuracy of the facts, statements, citing resources,
plagiarism and so on.
Editorial Board
1st International Conference on Sustainable Mineral Resource Development
& Utilization 12-13th February, 2019 SMRDU’19 ___________________________________________________________________
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 1
GEOLOGY MINING
& BENEFICATION
(GMB)
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 2
The use of Automated QEMSCAN techniques in stream sediment exploration:
A case study from northern Pakistan
Liaqat Ali1, Ben Williamson2 and Charles John Moon2
1 National Centre of Excellence in Geology, University of Peshawar 2 Camborne School of Mines, University of Exeter UK
Abstract
The use of automated QEMSCAN techniques are widely used in the mining industry, especially
in the field of mineral exploration and processing. These techniques provide a comprehensive
overview of the mineralogy of samples as well as locating rare grains. Mineralogical analysis of
stream sediments has traditionally been carried out using light microscopy, scanning electron
microscopy (SEM), electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Although
these techniques are still important in determining basic textural and mineralogical data, the
production of large, statistically significant datasets is time consuming and therefore expensive,
and are very often operator dependent. These issues can be overcome by using automated
mineralogical assessment systems such as the Mineral Liberation Analyser (MLA) and
QEMSCAN.
A pilot study was conducted on stream sediments and heavy minerals from Pakistan. The purpose
of the study was to address the application of QEMSCAN automated mineralogical system in
order to develop new methodology acceptable for worldwide exploration. Automated
mineralogical analysis of the stream sediments using a QEMSCAN system, indicated diagnostic
mineralogy and mineral associations and can be integrated with geochemical data to give
significant interpretation. The effectiveness of the automated mineralogical analysis for
exploration in northern Pakistan was found to be very effective, and recommendations made for
future exploration.
Keywords: Automated QEMSCAN, Stream Sediment.
GMB-101
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 3
Environmental Impacts and Mitigation of TLC mine Dewatering operation,
Sindh, Pakistan
Yasmin Nergis*, Muhammad Jhangir khan, Mugghak Sharif
Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Bahria University, Karachi Campus, Pakistan
Email: [email protected]
Abstract
This study aimed at identification of dewatering hazards and impacts in block-II of Thar coal
mining areas. This study focuses impacts of dewatering on soil, ground water, flora & fauna,
physical local environment and geomorphology of the block-II. This study is based on
physiochemical tests of water samples collected from 58 community wells in Thar coal mining
areas of block-II. There are three aquifers in Thar coal mining areas. The constraints noted above
are likely to pose moderate to major hazards at and during the pre-mining, mining and post-mining
stages. The presence of aquifers at the subsurface and basal level is considered a major hazard at
all the three stages. The extracted natural ground water from first aquifer is being disposed in
multiple depression areas, near villages of Gorano, Kathar and Dhukar Shah. The dewatering of
aquifer from TLC mining area is being discharged in Gorano pond. With the progress in coal
mining, the groundwater is being dewatering from top aquifer. It is expected that the dewatering
surplus from the mining action must not be depleted in the adjacent water bodies to avoid the
dewatering surplus to be infused back in the aquifers. Future decline in water table in community
wells therefore a mitigation plan needs to be designed for community development. The
dewatering may be discharged into Arabian sea through drainage patterns and gravitational flow.
keywords: Ground Water Hazard, Thar coal, TDS, Dewatering, Pakistan.
GMB-102
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Beneficiation of Low Grade Ores: Current and Future Challenges
Prof. Dr. Ishaque Abro
Depratment of Metallurgical and Mining Engineering, Mehran University of Engineering & technology
Jamshoro, Pakistan
Abstract
Mineral industry of today is facing multi challenges due to dwelling of high grade ores which
includes processing of large tonnage of poor grade ores, production of large amount of wastes, and
increased energy and water consumption. Low grade ores tends to have finely dissemination of
gangue minerals, gangue minerals diversity, and high content of polyvalent metal ions and clay
minerals. Because of these issues the mesh of liberation is ultrafine and the difference in physico-
chemical attributes between gangue minerals and valuable minerals is very marginal. Henceforth,
challenges to beneficiation of low\ grade ore are increasing which necessitate the development of
new chemical reagents and processing techniques.
The first part of this talk emphasis on the challenges existing and the innovations made so for,
whereas second part is focused to the future trends and research needs for the sustainability of
many mining operations. For example, in floatation and flocculation the existing difficulties and
their solutions are addressed. The advancement in the design of environment friendly reagents
required for the flotation of coal and coal desulfurization techniques are addressed.
Kewords: Low grade ores, Energy and water consumption.
GMB-103
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Global context of fossil energy utilization and sustainability with special
reference to Pakistan
Sarfraz Hussain Solangi Meritorious Professor of Geology, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan
Abstract
The Global consumption of fossil fuel energy increased 1300 times since the industrialization
began in 1780s. Initially coal was the only fuel until hydrocarbons were discovered in 1860s. More
recent studies and projections also indicate that Fossil energy will remain as the major source
(about 80%) for Global power generation including about 30% share of coal. In addition to
significant conventional fossil fuel still in place, the large scale deposits of unconventional
hydrocarbon resources such as Shale gas and oil, Tar sand, tight gas reservoirs, and Coal Bed
Methane ensure long term sustainability of fossil energy. As per estimates the Shale gas alone has
potential of 15000 TCF occurring throughout the world.
Though Pakistan has long history of using indigenous hydrocarbons, but still it relies on imported
petroleum products as its domestic production can only meet its 15% needs. As such Pakistan has
been suffering a serious shortage of energy resource supply. Pakistan’s current fossil fuel energy
resource largely comprises of conventional hydrocarbon resources including mainly oil and gas.
While Pakistan has one of the largest coal resources in Thar area of Sindh, so far it has not been
utilized for power production. Recent initiatives of open pit mining and power plant installation in
Thar is going to open a new chapter in the use of lignite coal deposits for power generation in
country. As per US Energy Information Administration (EIA), Pakistan is listed among the top 10
countries of the world with the largest shale gas and oil resources. In addition, other
unconventional energy resources like Coal Bed Methane (CBM), tight gas and oil reservoirs are
yet to be explored and exploited in Pakistan. The studies in Lower and Middle Indus basin in Sindh
and parts of Punjab indicate presence of 3778 TCF of shale gas in only 33% of sedimentary basin
of Pakistan. The unconventional oil and gas potential and Thar coal present a new outlook for
Pakistan which can ensure sufficient energy supply at affordable price.
Despite significant advancements in renewable energy resources and global agreements to reduce
atmospheric green house gases, the large scale use of fossil fuels as the major energy resource in
future decades cannot be ignored. Under this scenario, the fossil energy as the major source for
power generation will remain focus of development strategies not only in developing but in
GMB-104
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developed countries too. With the acquisition of appropriate technology and expertise, the
utilization of conventional as well as unconventional indigenous Fossil energy in Pakistan would
become feasible to meet the needs of country.
Keywords: Fossil Energy, Sustainable Utilization, Global Context.
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Production of three-way catalytic converter (50 units per day) for the
reduction of pollutants generated from internal combustion engines
Fahad Jamil, Muhammad Bilal, Basit Ali Khan, and Naseer Ahmed Khan*, Naveed H. Syed, Ali Imran
Bangash, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology (UET)
Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK), Pakistan.
Email: [email protected]
Abstract
Environmental degradation is a major concern of the present world. Certainly, chemical and
transportation industries are now a vital component of modern society, however, at the same time
these industries are also responsible for releasing tons of toxic chemicals into the environment.
The effective technologies for the reduction of toxic compounds greatly varies and are still in a
development phase, particularly for automobiles (concentration of exhaust gases are dependent on
the engine quality). Besides carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O), almost all vehicles emit a
considerable amounts of carbon (C), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and
unconverted hydrocarbons (HC) [1]. Nowadays, smart ceramic catalysts are employed in an
exhaust line of vehicles for the conversion of HC, CO, and NOx into inactive compounds (CO2,
H2O, N2 and O2) [3]. These catalytic composites (Cordierite) have a honeycomb structure, a
chemical composition of magnesium oxide (MgO), aluminum oxide (Al2O3), and silica oxide
(SiO2), whereas dispersed platinum/rhodium nano particles are the actual active sites [2].
Unfortunately, the cost of catalytic converter unit is too expensive (̴ Rs 40,000) for our local
market, thus most of automobiles running on different roads of Pakistan are not environmental
friendly [4]. The minerals used for the catalyst preparation are commonly available in our country.
For this reason, a research team from the university of engineering and technology Peshawar has
recently prepared a detailed process design report for the production of three way catalytic
converter. Material and energy balance was applied on each equipment and the designing of
process equipment is also provided in present work. The capital cost for the construction of
chemical plant was around 5 million rupees. More importantly, the cost of catalytic converter
reduced to Rs.800 per unit. This project will not only be beneficial for our environment, but will
also generate a huge revenue for our country.
Key words: Ceramic oxide catalyst, environmental degradation, mass and energy balances.
GMB-105
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 8
Detection and Monitoring of Underground Coal Mine Gases at Lakhra Coal
Mines
Niaz Muhammad Shahani, Zhijun Wan
School of Mines, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221008 Jiangsu China
Email: [email protected]
Abstract
Generally, the coal or coal bearing strata covers the substantial amount of gases especially when
the underground coal mining. These coal mine gases are very dangerous when mixed with air. The
gases which are mostly found in underground mines are the combination of atmospheric air or
oxygen, CO, CO2, CH4, H2S etc. In this study, the sufficient measures of few toxic gases in Mine
No. 28, Block-C at Lakhra Coal Mines, such as CO is 388ppm and CO2 is 0.7% are detected by
using a portable Multi Gas Detector (IMR-2800). Therefore, care should be taken at these locations
to remove such poisonous gases by an adequate supply of air or such locations must be sealed off
forever and closed from the working environment, if not, this may cause serious effects on the
health of mine workers in mine or sometime causes death.
Keyword: Coal mine gases, Lakhra Coal Mine, Multi Gas Detector, Mine safety, Mine ventilation
GMB-106
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 9
MINERAL PROCESSING
(MP)
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 10
Chemical activation of Pozzolan, Ceramics, Glass to produce
Geopolymers
Dr. Mahfooz Soomro
Western Sydney University, Kingswood, Sydney, Australia.
Abstract
Geopolymer materials are a new class of inorganic (mineral) polymers which can be produced by
the activation of minerals containing alumino-silicates (for example:- kaolinite, fly-ash, blast-
furnace slag, ceramics waste, glass waste, rice husk ash, bagasse ash etc., or a combination
thereof). The activating chemicals could be NaOH, KOH, Na2SO4, MgCO3, Na2SiO3, K2SiO3 etc.
The geopolymerisation of blast-furnace slag by alkali activation produce calcium-silicate hydrate
(C-S-H) similar as produced by the hydration of Portland cement and calcium + sodium alumino-
silicate hydrate (zeolite), as solidification products. The ultimate structure of geopolymer depends
largely on the ratio (Si:Al) and typically have Si:Al between 2 to 3.5, for the materials most often
considered for use in transportation, infrastructure, precast concrete elements and residential
building components.
The temperature during curing is very important and depending upon the source material and
activating solution, heat (60oC – 90oC) is most often required to facilitate polymerisation while,
recently some combination methods have been developed which can be cured at ambient
temperatures.
Though there are 9 different classes of geopolymers, but the class with substantial potential
application for infrastructure, transportation, precast concrete structural elements and residential
building components are comprised of alumino-silicate materials that can be used to completely
replace Portland cement in conventional as well as recycled aggregate concrete.
Because of its resistance to sulfate and acid attack (with zeolitic properties), alkali-aggregate
expansion, freeze-thaw deterioration and the development of early high strength i.e. 20MPa (2900
psi) in 4 hours as compared to same strength developed by conventional concrete in 72 hours
(minimum), makes this material highly desirable and has huge potential for constructing bridges,
precast structural elements and decks, repairs of airport runways, pavements and roads.
Geopolymer is a cost effective material which fills the gap between conventional concrete
technology and vitrification methods. The production of 1 Ton of kaolin based geopolymer
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 11
generates 0.18 Tons of CO2 as compared to 0.9 to 1.0 Tons of CO2 produced in the manufacture
of 1 Ton of Portland cement i.e. 5.2 times less. Flyash based geopolymers emit even less CO2, up
to 9 times less than Portland cement.
Water resistant ceramic tiles can be fabricated from kaolinite geopolymer at temperatures below
450 oC without firing.
Geopolymer produced from kaolin, fly-ash, blast-furnace slag when heated slowly (4–5 degrees /
min) over 4 hours to 1000 oC remain stable due to nano-porous sponge like micro-structure. No
evidence of sintering or grain growth was observed. The micro-structure of flyash based
geopolymer resembled alumino-silicate particulates of 5–20 nanometer dimension, interconnected
forming nano-channels and pores in the geopolymer matrix.
Other applications of geopolymers include;
Thermal insulation
Low energy ceramic tiles
Refractory materials
Foundry applications
Precast concrete components
Architecture & cultural heritage prevention & rehabilitation
Composites for infrastructure repairs
High tech composites for aircraft & automobiles
High tech resins Radioactive and toxic waste containment
1st International Conference on Sustainable Mineral Resource Development
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 12
Centrifugal gravity concentration as a novel tool for extending the
metallurgical outcones of conventional processing circuits
N. Emre Altun
Middle East Technical University, Mining Engineering Department, Ankara, Turkey
Abstract
Centrifugal gravity concentrators (CGC’s) combine the effect of gravity with the effect of
centrifuging. These units can significantly extend the limits and usage of conventional gravity
concentration, particularly in the processing of metallic ores. The superiority of these units is due
to their competence of recovering target entities and separation of valuables from gangue at lower
specific gravity differences as compared to the conventional gravity concentration methods. This
mainly relies on the sophisticated separation mechanism that is comprised of centrifugal and
gravitational effects as well as effective use of air and water inside centrifugal gravity
concentrators. Another outstanding feature of centrifugal gravity concentration is their ability to
provide separation at relatively finer sizes, which is a direct outcome of the high centrifugal
acceleration inside the concentration chamber. Several examples are already available in market
produced by Knelson, Falcon, Kelsey, Mozley. These concentrators also find industrial scale
application in direct recovery of precious metals, but centrifugal concentrators have found
application only over the last two decades and mainly limited for the recovery of gold. Yet, efforts
have shown that other uses are also likely and centrifugal gravity concentrators can provide niche,
tailored solutions for a variety of other processing applications. These include separation of
magnesium silicates from iron oxides, rejection of silicates in the concentration of metallic ores
and concentration of base metals and chromite ores. Current situation demonstrates that mineral
processing industry has not fully explored and exploited the processing edge of centrifugal gravity
concentrators. This is due to insufficient operational knowledge and experience with these units,
conservative professionals in the minerals industry and perceptions on the capacity and
implementation of the CGC’s to new and/or existing process circuits. Outstanding performance of
CGC’s in full scale suggest an opportunity for other potential areas where conventional
gravitational concentration solutions are insufficient. Further, these units possess the potential to
improve performance and concentration efficiency of customary flowsheets.
This keynote presents results from three novel applications of CGC. The goal is to demonstrate
the metallurgical opportunities and processing options offered by continuous centrifugal gravity
concentration technology, which is an additional asset to CGC’s utilization in gold beneficiation.
MP-202
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 13
The first case presents integration of a continuous CGC unit into an existing comminution circuit.
In this case the duty of the CGC is treating the classifier U/F, particularly. This approach reduces
the loss of metals, which used to be a major problem in the former version of the processing circuit.
It also suggested other benefits such as implementation of a coarser grind-size, early rejection of
gangue, savings in pumping requirements. In the second case, the use of a CGC unit along with
flotation is suggested. The result is a hybrid centrifugal gravity concentration-flotation circuit for
enhancing the limits and efficiency of precious metals processing. This hybrid utilization produced
improved metal recoveries, reduction of loss of target values to the tailings, and possible decrease
in the energy consumption in the comminution circuit. The third novel example presents
modification of the base-metal flotation circuits by integration of centrifugal gravity concentration.
For the presented approcah, rejection of talc, a major challenge in the flotation of metallic ores,
was also aimed. The results showed outstanding benefits with the integration of CGC to base-
metal flotation circuits, providing an effective solution for rejection of Mg-silicates, increased
throughput and metal recoveries from the process. In this keynote, applied/suggested flowsheets
for the discussed novel applications will also be presented to reveal the use of CGC for the new
and/or existing processing circuits.
Keywords: Centrifugal Gravity Concentration, Metallic Ores, Flotation.
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 14
Treatment of mixed industrial effluent (heavy metals ions, organic pollutants,
herbicides and dyes) by novel combination of photolytic, electrochemical and
carbon concentrator system
Prof. Dr. Muddasar Habib
HOD, Chem. Engg., UET Peshawar, Pakistan.
Abstract
The geologically scare mineral resources are a great feeder and important for the technical,
economic, social and cultural development of the global society. However, their current use needs
to be sustainable so as the future generations are not deprived from them. So far there has been no
global concrete reaction to this growing concern. Whilst the metals are recyclable, global mineral
deposits are “non-renewable” at least in human timescale and are hence regarded as finite.
The sustainable use of these finite mineral resources necessitates the understanding and dynamic
monitoring of production, recycling and reuse so as the link between the resource demand and
resource generated from their sale are established which will help in improving the circular
economy, use efficiency and thus sustainability.
Taking a sustainable approach, this talk will explore the urban mining recycling approach
considering the economic, technical and scarcity factors under the environmental and social
constraints in Pakistan. Thus, profound implications of local/regional/global mineral use with a
focus on sustainability and forecasted constraint availability in future will be discussed to develop
a consensus for strategies to maximize the returns from mineral wealth over generations.
Keywords: Mineral Resources, Sustainability, Circular Economy
MP-203
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 15
Present and Future Prospects of Mineral Resources of Pakistan in the context
of its Tectonic Framework
Mohamamd Tahir Shah
FATA University, FR Kohat, Pakistan
Abstract
The geology of Pakistan is very complex which is the manifestation of the collision of the Indian
plate with the Eurasian plate. This collision caused the closure of Neo-Tethys and resultantly
various tectonic zones have been formed in Pakistan. These are known as Karakoram Block,
Kohistan-Ladakh island arc, Northwest Himalayan fold and thrust belt, Indus suture zone,
Baluchistan ophiolite and thrust belt, Sulaiman Kirthar fold belt, Chagai magmatic arc, Kakar
Khorasan flysh basin and Makran accretionary zone and Indus plateform fore deep.
Pakistan has plenty of mineral resources of limestone, marble, rock salt, barite, coal, gypsum,
magnesite, phosphate, gemstone, chromite, manganese, copper, lead-zinc and iron. It has the world
largest salt mines, coal deposits and the Saindak and Riko Dek porphyry copper and gold deposits.
All these mineral resources are found in the various tectonic zones of Pakistan. It is the well-
established fact now that the plate tectonic is playing a greater role in understanding the
distribution and genesis of mineral deposits in any region as there are plenty of examples world
over where the type of mineral deposits, on the basis of their mineralogical, geochemical and
structural characteristics, can be correlated with the specific types of tectonic settings such as
divergent plate boundary, convergent plate boundary and collisional environments. Therefore,
keeping in view the type of tectonic environment of any region, its potential for the occurrence of
specific type of mineral deposit can be predicted. In this respect, keeping in view the production
and accumulation of mineral deposits in various tectonic zones of Pakistan, the prospects of
mineral deposits can be evaluated for strategizing the mineral exploration programs in future.
In the context of tectonic framework of Pakistan, exploration for porphyry Cu-Au deposits,
epithermal Au-Ag veins and Karoko type stratiform base metals deposits in the Kohistan-Ladakh
and Chagai magmatic arcs; gem-bearing pegmatites, Sn-W-U mineralization and carbonate hosted
Pb-Zn deposits in the Karakoram block and NW Himalayan fold and thrust belt; chromite,
manganese, massive sulfide, asbestos, talc and magnesite deposits and Ni, Fe, Ti, Au, Pt deposits
in the Indus suture zone and Baluchistan ophiolite and thrust belt and placer Au and U deposits
and hydrocarbon (ie., coal and gas) deposits in the Kakar Khorasan flysch basin and the Indus
platform fore deep may result in the economically viable resources of the country in future.
Keywords: Mineral Resources, future Prospects, Tectonic Framework.
MP-204
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 16
Kaolinite (China Clay) deposits of Nagar Parkar: Origin and uses
Muhammad Hassan Agheem, Akhtar Hussain Markhand, Riaz Hussain Rajpar
Centre for Pure and Applied Geology, University of Sindh, Jamshoro.
Abstract
Kaolinite belonging to the group of industrial minerals is the weathered (chemical weathering)
product of the feldspar bearing rocks; particularly the acidic igneous rocks. The word “Kaolin”
was originally derived from Chinese language word “Kauling” which later in English language
was pronounced as “Kaolin”. The formation of kaolinite is either in Situ or due to transportation.
Kazmi and Khan (1973) and Kella (1983) are amongst the early workers who presented details on
the China clay occurrences of Nagar Parkar area. The Nagar Parkar kaolinite deposits are of the in
Situ type formed due to the alteration of acidic igneous rocks (granites), especially in the low-lying
areas. Though, the signatures of alteration have been observed throughout the area but at present
the deposits have been reported mostly from the surroundings of Chanida-Dhanagaon, Dhedh
Vero, Paro Dharo, Jodhe Jo Wandio and few other places. The open pit mining of the deposits is
being carried through decades and in most of the cases, the deposits are very shallow and occur at
a depth of six or seven feet. The white colored kaolinite is normally associated with the angular
and euhedral grains of quartz along with few strips of iron oxide and minor calcite at various depths
and places.
The Kaolinite deposits in/from the adjoining Neoproterozoic neighbours are also reported i.e.,
from Arabian Nubian Shield in Egypt at Aswan and Sinai regions (Baioumy, H.M., 2014), Malani
Igneous Suite (Sharma, 2004), Seychelles (Baker, 1963), and South China (Chen, et al., 1997).
In terms of origin, different hypotheses are proposed but on the basis of field features and
petrographic findings, it is concluded that the Kaolinite deposits of Nagar Parkar area are the result
of alteration of acidic igneous rocks, especially from different varieties of granites and
granodiorites. Though, at present different techniques of processing are available but in the case
of kaolinite deposits of Nagar Parkar, the most conventional processing units are available in the
surrounding of Nagar Parkar town, where indigenous kaolinite is being processed and sent to
various parts of Pakistan, especially to Karachi and Lahore for various uses. Though, there are
different uses but the indigenous deposits are mostly being used in the ceramic industry.
Keywords: Kaolinite, Nagar Parker deposits.
MP-205
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 17
Strategies to Iron Ore Beneficiation: Revival of Steel Sector of Pakistan
A.D. Chandio
Mineral Processing and Alloy Design Laboratories
Department of Metallurgical Engineering, NED University of Engineering & Technology, Karachi,
Sindh, Pakistan
Abstract
In developed world, steel production is one of the key components governing national GDPs.
Countries who maintain at least deterrent or balanced steel production could survive in longer runs.
From Pakistan perspective, balanced import and export bills could bring the prosperity. Such
balance is an instrumental to bring back the national pride in terms of routing towards the
independent economy. For infrastructural and other needs; Pakistan necessitate to revive giant
steel plants such as Pakistan Steel Mills etc. and best utilize the local resources such as Dilband
iron ore, Nagarparkar ore etc. Unfortunately, the steel sector of country is in ever down fall
situation e.g. plants are being shut down most frequently. This is because of several reasons such
as; bare minimum interest of government in local industry, poor export and import policies, energy
crisis and inefficient or no utilization of local resources etc. Consequently, this has widened the
huge gap between the imports and exports. As a result economy is moving towards the free fall
direction and becoming ever complicated. Moreover, from steel production perspective two hitting
hard facts are witnessed roughly in last two decades i.e. i) shutdown of giant steel plants and no
effective research for utilization of local resources of iron.
Therefore, in this study, factors behind the poor performance of steel sector of the country and
possible research to best utilize the local resources such as Dilband iron ore are discussed.
Keywords; Review on iron and steel, ore beneficiation, steel plants shutdown, Dilband iron ore,
froth floatation process and steel production
MP-206
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 18
Sustainable Utilization of Mineral Resources at Power Cement Limited
S.M. Imran, Director (Project)
Power Cement Limited
Abstract
Cement plays a key role in our lives. It is a basic material for all types of construction, including
housing, roads, schools, hospitals, dams and ports. In Pakistan the cement domestic consumption
per capita is still low (~171 kg) compared to global average (~>500 kg) and regional average
(~>220kg). Housing policy of the new government to construct 5 million housing units during the
next five years is expected to be the major demand-driving factor along with the energy,
transportation infrastructure and industrial cooperation projects under the China Pakistan
Economic Corridor (CPEC). Therefore, many cement manufacturers are expanding their market
shares in the emerging market scenario. Likewise, Power Cement Limited (PCL) is expanding its
cement production capacity by putting up a new integrated state of the art cement plant having
7700 tpd clinker capacity. The new line will be close to its existing two lines located in Nooriabad
which is at a distance of about 80 kilometers from Karachi.
PCL is a unit of Arif Habib Group. Arif Habib Group holds interests in the securities brokerage,
investment and financial advisory, investment management, commercial banking, commodities,
and private equity, cement and fertilizer industries.
Cement is produced from burning a mixture of cancerous and siliceous material with smaller
amounts of alumina (Al2O3) and iron oxide (Fe2O3) together at high temperature. Raw material
reserves, suitable for cement manufacturing, are available in abundant quantities near the PCL
plant.
This paper describes mineral resources and their demand for cement manufacturing at PCL, taking
into account the dynamics and the trends in the economy of raw materials. It presents the
importance of mineral resources in the cement manufacturing, and the importance of mineral
resources that are critical for economical cement production.
The main considerations presented in this paper relate to the sustainable development of the
quarries, the ones that will significantly shape the development of quarries in the future operation
of the PCL cement plants.
MP-207
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 19
There is a need to conserve limestone used in cement production. More effective quarrying
methods can contribute to increased sustainability in the process of making OPC. Therefore, In
order to ensure the availability of adequate quantity and quality of limestone and shale/clay, a
detailed exploration program was developed for evaluation of raw material deposit, planning and
designing of raw materials’ quarry faces. Core drilling was carried out at different locations for
extensive sampling for studies and appropriate mine planning to blend high-grade with low-grade
raw materials for increasing the life of the raw materials’ reserves.
PCL new production line will be equipped with the real time mechanism for proportioning of raw
materials to ensure proper blending of raw materials without compromising on the quality of
cement.
PCL production line is also equipped with blending of various types of coal to ensure sustainability
in the utilization of coal.
Keywords: Mineral Resources, PCl, Sustainable.
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 20
Challenges and Oppertunities in mineral based industrial sector of Pakistan
Prof. Dr. Viqar Husain
Department of Geology, University of Karachi & Federal Urdu University Karachi, Pakistan
Abstract
The availability of wide range of minerals is a key factor in economic development and essential
for future economic growth of a nation. Though, Pakistan has very extensive and unestimated
reserves of industrial rocks like marble, granite, limestone and dolomite. While, Pakistan’s rich
inventory of industrial minerals include huge deposits of gypsum, rock salt, rock phosphate, barite,
silica sand, fire and China clay, magnesite and soapstone with estimated reserves of several billion
tons to over 20 million tons respectively. Besides, one of the world’s largest lignite to sub-
bituminous coal deposits with estimated reserves of 186 billion tons occur in Pakistan, but its
annual production is only 4 million tons. Country’s metallic minerals wealth comprises medium
to large size deposits of chromite, lead-zinc, copper and gold. While, Pakistan’s north-western part
of Himalaya is gifted with good quality and large deposits precious and semiprecious stones.
Despite rich mineral wealth, Pakistan’s mining and processing industries remain backward. As a
result annual mineral production in the country is far lower than their size of reserves available in
the country. It is also evident from the mineral production data for 2014-2015 that limestone and
gypsum with annual output of 46 and 19 million tons are in greater demand by domestic cement
and construction industries. The marble production is about 3 million tons per anum, and rest of
the industrial minerals production mostly ranges between1.0 to 0.5 million tons. The challenges
before the Government and policy makers are revising the mining laws, providing financial and
technological inputs and necessary infrastructure to create opportunities for local and foreign
private investors to launch large scale mining and mineral based industrial plants for ensuring
greater self-sufficiency.
Keywords: Mineral wealth, development, mining, mineral based industries, self-reliance.
MP-208
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 21
A theoretical study of transport behavior of particle species in fluidized bed separators
*Naveed H. Syed, Naseer A. Khan
1, 2Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar, Pakistan.
Abstract
Study of transport mechanism of solid particle species in fluidized bed separators is an important
area of research in mineral processing industry. A theoretical investigation has been carried out to
examine the transport behavior of solid particle species in fluidized bed separators using a
computational segregation-dispersion model under continuous process conditions. Simulations
were performed for a multicomponent system comprising particle species of size ranging -2.0 +
0.25 mm with similar densities equal to 2450 kg/m3. For a continuous system, there was a
continuous supply of feed from a feed inlet point. Similarly, the solid particles moved out of the
system in the underflow and overflow. The transport/separation of particle species has been
demonstrated by producing partition curves from the simulation data. The simulation results
accurately predicted the movement of solid particles within the fluidized bed by showing the larger
particle species with higher settling velocities discharging from the base of the fluidized bed,
whereas the smaller particles with lower settling velocities moved out in the overflow. Total solid
volume fraction within the fluidized bed under dynamic and steady state conditions has also been
demonstrated. The study was further extended to examine the transport behavior of particle species
in a fluidized bed separator incorporating inclined channels, a newly developed device for coal
beneficiation and mineral processing.
Key words: Dispersion, fluidization, partition curves, mineral processing.
MP-209
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 22
Synthesis Of Copper acetate metallic Nanoparticles Using Cruciferous
Vegetables
Kanwal Zohra*, G.Zuhra Memon
Dr. M.A Kazi Institute of Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan
Abstract
Nanotechnology is very vital field of research it includes nanoscience the study of the phenomena
at 1-100nm and also includes Nanomaterials those which have structured components with at least
one dimension less than 100nm. Nanoparticles can be made by using various physiochemical
methods, their synthesis using non toxic and environmentally begnin biological methods are
attractive specially if they are intended for invasive applications in medicine ,several routes are
developed for biogenic synthesis of nanoparticles from salt of the corresponding metals[1-
5].Micro-organisms whole plant ,plant extract ,plant tissue and fruits ,plant extract marine Algae
have been used to produce nanoparticles [6-8]. In this study the Cu nanoparticles were synthesized
using cruciferous vegetables. The fabricated nanoparticles were characterized using different
analytical techniques. Finally the synthesized Cu nanoparticles were applied in catalytic activity,
nanostructures are more active catalyst than their solid counterparts towards the electrochemical
reactions. Nanoparticles exhibit enhanced catalytic activity, the catalytic properties of metal
nanoparticles were examined by the analysis of the kinetic of the reduction of 4-nitrophenol.Colour
of solution changes from pale yellow to tight yellow, due to formation of 4-nitrophenolate ions.
Key words: Cu nanoparticles; cruciferous vegetables; catalytic activity; 4- nitro phenol.
MP-210
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 23
Selective Flocculation Study of hematite in hematite-quartz-kaolinite system
in presence of C2+ Mg2+ and Fe3+ ions: Part 1. Optimization of ligand.
Abro M. I., Pathan A. G., Lagari A. J, Khatri U. A., Channa S. A., and Mukesh K
Abstract
Separation of ultrafine hematite from quartz and kaolinite gangue minerals using selective
flocculation technique is markedly affected by the state of inter mineral interaction which is
governed by type and content of polyvalent metal ions. This study has shown that state of strong
interaction of gangue minerals with hematite due to presence of C2+ Mg2+ and Fe3+ ions can be
weakened by addition of optimal dose of sodium hexametaphosphate (SHMP) ligand. The
optimization of ligand dose is achieved through analysis of zeta potential (ZP) as a function of
slurry pH.
Keywords: hematite; quartz; kaolinite; SHMP, EDTA, metal ions
MP-211
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 24
Designing production flowline using Heuristic techniques. A case study at Zeal
Pak Cement Factory Ltd (ZPCFL) Hyderabad
Yasir Hashmi, Prof. Dr. Abdul Salam Soomro, Hammad Hashmi
Mehran University of Engineering & Technology, Jamshoro 76062 Sindh Pakistan
Email: [email protected]
Abstract
Heuristics has always been a vital method of decision making it enables us to make choices among
number of options. There are many techniques in Heuristics that have been used in many sectors
of science like computer software development, statistics and engineering. Various techniques
have been discovered with the research in Heuristics, this research work is particularly based on a
technique named as Ranked Positional Weight. In this research work flowline of a cement factory
has been redesigned to increase the efficiency of system which leads to increased productivity and
more profits. Results shown that it is not mandatory that Ranked Positional Weight increases the
efficiency of system though it helps in providing us enough knowledge regarding flaws of the
system which enables us in taking better decisions and modify them to achieve increased
productivity.
Keywords: Heuristic, Line balancing, Decision making
MP-212
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 25
Development and Characterization of Nano-Hydroxyapatite by Freeze-Drying
Method.
Maheera Abdul Ghani, Ehsan Ul Haq , Gul Hameed ,Sidrah Majeed .
University of Engineering & Technology, Lahore 54000 Punjab Pakistan.
Email: [email protected]
Abstract
Problem associated with nano-particles is that these are more reactive and convert to bulk particles
more readily. Freeze drying method can be a good technique to improve the shelf life of NANO-
particles. In this study nano-hydroxyapatite powder was successfully prepared through sol gel
assisted with freeze drying method. This method resulted in a Nano-hydroxyapatite with increased
shelf life and controlled particle size. Calcium Nitrate tetra hydrate and phosphoric acid with few
drops of ammonia are the precursors for synthesis of hydroxyapatite. The solution was freezed at
-40 C and then dried in vacuum for 24 hrs. Secondly, freeze drying method was used by lowering
temperature as well as applying vacuum, simultaneously, for Nano-HAP particles production. The
prepared NANO-HAP powder was used to coat a titanium sample with varying time by dip coating
method assisted by ultrasonic bath. Through FTIR the molecular composition of the prepared
NANO-HAP powder was studied. The crystalline phase, determined by XRD shows that the
particle or crystallite size is of 4-6nm. Microstructure, chemical composition, morphology, opted
by SEM/EDS indicate that due to high vacuum, solution converts into porous body. In order to
determine the effectiveness of the process, the nano particles were coated on titanium metal
substrate. Frictional properties of nano-hydroxyapatite coated titanium were characterized by
tribological analysis. Adhesion and mechanical properties of coating was determined by NANO-
indentation and scratch test. It has been concluded that freeze-drying can be used for nanoparticle
production with greater stability and low particle size. Hence, coating titanium with nano-HAP
makes the coating properties better.
Keywords: Nano-particles, particle size, freeze drying, nano-hydroxyapatite, coated titanium
MP-213
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 26
Occupational Exposure to Mercury among the workers in a lighting product
manufacturing Factory, SITE Industrial Area, Karachi, Pakistan.
Dr Uzma Rashid , Dr Nusrat Jalbani, Farooq Ahmed Khan
Abstract
Mercury is the global pollutant and is distributed in the natural environment, even low doses of
mercury are toxic. Exposure to mercury can occur from breathing contaminated air, or from
improper use or disposal of mercury and mercury-containing objects, for example, after spills of
elemental mercury or improper disposal of fluorescent light bulbs. With the fast growth in the
market of fluorescent lamps, the associated risk of mercury exposure, which is an essential
component in all types of fluorescent lamps, has received increasing public attention worldwide.
In this study 120 urine samples were collected from the employees working in different units of
fluorescent factory like MMD, QCD, Store and TL. Levels of mercury were estimated with
Mercury analyzer unit equipped with Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer following the
conversion of all the mercury to atomic mercury vapor.
A simple method was developed and validated using standard addition technique with 95%
recovery. The results showed alarming levels of mercury in the workers urine samples and 92%
samples were beyond the normal range of 10 ppb in 24 hours collected urine samples. The health
consequences of occupational exposure to mercury in factory employees were also monitored
through monitoring some prominent symptoms in terms of their neuro behavioral status; when
interviewed.
This study also reinforces the need for effective preventive programs for florescent lamp industry
work places especially in developing countries with the lowest unhygienic work conditions.
Keywords: Mercury, Lighting product, Industrial Area, Environment, Health.
MP-214
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 27
ENERGY MINERAL
(EM)
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 28
Thermal Conversion Technologies of Biomass to Gaseous Fuel.
Prof. Dr. Suzana Yusup
Abstract
The talk focusses on thermal conversion technologies of biomass to gaseous fuel. Various case
studies are highlighted ranging from potential of palm wastes, co-gasification of palm wastes with
plastics, and utilization of coal bottom ash as the catalyst for the production of syngas. Gasification
involves thermal conversion of carbonaceous materials at elevated temperatures in the presence of
gasifying agent such as nitrogen, steam or oxygen in partial or in pure form. Solid residue known
as char and liquid by products that is rich in oxygenated compound are presence as the by-products
of gasification process. The syngas produced can be used to support Fisher Tropsch process.
Gasification is mainly used for power generation. Types of gasifiers include fixed bed, moving
bed, fluidized bed and entrained flow are presented.
Keywords: Biomass, Gaseous fuel, thermal Conversion.
EM-301
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 29
Technologies for dehydrogenation of light Alkane to Light Olefin: A
comprehensive Review
Dr. Zeeshan Nawaz
SABIC Technology & Innovation
Lead Scientist
Abstract
The dehydrogenation of light alkanes, especially propane and butane, is widely exploited for the
large-scale production of corresponding olefins. The industrial application of the direct
dehydrogenation of light alkanes is limited due to reaction and thermodynamic constraints. The
dehydrogenation of light hydrocarbons involves the breaking of two carbon–hydrogen bonds with
the simultaneous formation of a hydrogen and carbon-carbon double bond selectively. It may
appear to be simple, but their endothermic nature and selectivity control at higher temperature is
difficult. The same technologies with minor changes in process and catalyst were used for the
production of both propane and isobutane dehydrogenation. The economic analysis of the available
technologies based on the specific consumption of feedstock, operational ease, and capital
investment indicates an internal rate of return ~25%. The attractiveness of light alkane
dehydrogenation is largely dependent on the difference in feedstock and the price of olefins
produced. The available technologies and how they manage reaction constraints at commercial
scale have been compared. The possible solution for improvement is by focusing on catalyst
improvements and the unique design of reactors.
Keywords: dehydration, Hydrocarbons, review.
EM-302
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 30
Post combustion CO2 capture through PVDF/PDMS hollow fiber membrane
module with sweep gas
M. Younas, A. Muhammad, G. Gong, J. Li
Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar, P.O. Box
814, University Campus, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
State key lab of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, Tianjin Polytechnic University, China
Email: [email protected]
Abstract
Emission of CO2 in atmosphere has adverse environmental effects such as global warming. There
is a definite need for development of less energy intensive separation processes for removal of
CO2 from flue gases. In the last few decades, hollow fiber membrane contactors (HFMCs) have
been emerged as new modules that provide the surface of contact between two phases. In these
contactors CO2 contaminated gas flows on one side of membrane while air (sweep gas) with a low
concentration of CO2 is allowed to flow on other side.
However, microporous hydrophobic membrane which is non-selective for CO2/N2 provides week
driving force in terms of partial pressure difference. Moreover, reverse O2 flow also lowers the
efficiency. On the other hand, dense selective membrane for CO2/N2 need high operating pressure.
It was desired to synthesise the microporous selective membrane for CO2/N2 which should operate
on atmospheric pressure and results in high efficiency for CO2 capture.
The current research work is focussed on the synthesis of microporous hollow fiber membranes
produces from PVDF with PDMS as selective layer. Various hollow fiber membranes were
produced of PVDF with 2, 6 and 10 wt % of PDMS casting solution. Similarly, PDMS tri-layer
on PVDF substrate with 1, 10 and 20 minutes time for 3rd layer reaction were also produced. The
membranes were tested for CO2/N2 capture with sweep gas counter currently with 1 bar, 1.5 bar
and 2 bar operating pressure. A mass transfer and fluid flow model were also developed for
description of CO2 removal from post combustion flue gas with air as sweep gas in a hollow-fiber
membrane contactor. Computational fluid dynamics technique is used for numerical simulation of
the HFMC module to develop the detailed concentration and pressure profiles and to investigate
the effects of operating parameters on efficiency.
EM-303
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 31
Simulation was performed to investigate the transfer of CO2 from inside fiber to shell side of
hollow fiber membrane contactor. Concentration profile of CO2 was studied and plotted. It was
observed that CO2 concentration is increasing along the flow path in permeate because of the
continuous transfer of CO2 from feed to permeate
Keywords: Hollow fiber membrane contactor; Post combustion CO2 capture; Sweep gas; CFD
1st International Conference on Sustainable Mineral Resource Development
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 32
The role of indigenous coal in National Energy Mix: Present and Future
Dr. Mahmood Saleem Director Centre for Coal Technology
University of Punjab, Lahore
Abstract
Pakistan possesses huge untapped coal reserves. Incorporated in its energy mix, the indigenous
coal shall reduce reliance on imported energy leading to improved balance of payments. The
development of coal sector shall create many jobs and business. This talk shall cover the present
status of coal utilization along with its future possibilities and challenges.
Keywords: indigrnous coal, National Energy, future prospects.
EM-304
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 33
Extraction and characterization of humic acid extracted from Pakistani coals Prof. Dr. Tajnees Pirzada
Institute of Chemistry, Shah Abdul Latif University, Khairpur, Sindh, Pakistan
Abstract
Humic acid (HA), is considered as the black gold of agriculture, gradually becoming popular for
use in agriculture. This study deals with the extraction and characterization of HAs from coal
samples of Lakhra and Thar. The coal samples were initially oxidized with 2% HNO3 and then
treated with 0.1, 0.5 and 1.0 N NaOH solutions for the extraction of HAs. The 0.5 concentration
of NaOH was found to be the optimum for the extraction of HA. The extracted HA was
investigated for its quantitative assessment through gravimetric and UV-Vis spectrophotometer
procedures. The gravimetric method showed 26.6 to 20.0% of HA extraction from the specific
coal samples, whereas more quantity of HA was indicated by UV-Vis spectrophotometric analysis.
FTIR studies of extracted HA samples have shown the distinct clear absorption bands indicating
the presence of major functional groups carboxylic, phenols, alcoholic, and amines. This study
could be useful for selection of suitable coals for extraction of humic acids.
keywords: FTIR; humic acid; Pakistani coals; UV and FT-IR Spectrophotometery
EM-305
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 34
Design of Catalytic Cracking unit for Refinery meet the Energy Crises of
Pakistan
Danish Jawed, Muhammad Shoaib Ahmed Ansari, Muzzammil Shehnoz Khatri,
Shagufta Ishteyaque*
Department of Chemical Engineering-University of Karachi-Karachi, Pakistan
Email: [email protected]
Abstract
Energy Crises in Pakistan causing public unrest with long outages of electricity , gas and petrol.
Therefore, there is need of a refinery having low capital cost investment. To resolve the problems
related to production of motor fuel/diesel crude refinery unit having Zeolite based catalytic
arrangement is proposed. Catalytic cracking process based on Zeolite containing catalyst is low
cost technology . However in most of the existing Refineries of Pakistan is based on Platforming
process with platinium catalyst for the production of Gasoline which is based on high capital and
operating cost. That process uses metals likes Platinum, Palladium and other heavy metals which
are hazardous for environment. Further, proposed unit construction cost 8-10 million US Dollar
for a capacity of 50000 tons/year while a Platforming Unit cost 15-20 million US Dollar for a same
unit capacity. In comparison with reforming unit our proposed design is characterized by lower
amount of aromatic/saturated hydrocarbon, particularly benzene.
Keywords: Catalytic cracking, Environment, Cost-effective ,Zeolite and platinium
EM-306
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 35
Clean Coal Technologies for Power Generation
Prof. Dr. Ahmad Hussain
Director, Office of Research Innovation and Commercialization (ORIC)
Shaheed Zulfikar Ali Bhutto Institute of Science and Technology (SZABIST), Karachi, Pakistan
Email of author: [email protected]
Abstract
When we talk about the development of power stations based on sub bituminous coals, it is
important to take into account certain characteristics of coals that require special consideration
when selecting the type of equipment for mining and power generation, e.g. high moisture content
will reduce the efficiency of power generation and add to the cost of capital for the equipment
required to burn the coal. Fluidized Bed Combustion is a proven technology for low-grade coal
combustion for producing power. In addition, it helps in achieving a significant reduction of
pollutant emission as well greenhouse gases. One of the potential objective of this talk is focused
on utilization of low-grade coal from Thar, which is to be used in a circulating fluidized bed
combustor (CFBC). In order to investigate the suitability of coal for combustion, it is necessary to
understand the its fluidization as well as thermal behavior before it could be commercially utilized
in large coal power plants. Smart Combustion of low grade of coal and is a relatively new area. Its
applications in fluidized bed boilers is associated with many technical issues related to fuel and
need investigation. A lab-scale cold CFBC test rig was built at the NFCIET Multan for
understanding the fluidization behavior. Influence of fluidizing air on the fluidization behavior
was observed. It was found that voidage along the riser height is affected by riser geometry. The
influence of the fluidizing air on the combustion performance was examined and their effect on
emissions was established. The temperature in the riser of the CFB rose quickly to around 900°C.
This rise in temperature has caused an increase in the amount of exhaust gasses, which has their
influence on the suspension density. From this study, a firsthand experience of combustion
behavior of low-grade Pakistani coals is documented.
Keywords: circulating fluidized bed (CFB); combustion; fluidization; low-grade coal;
temperature profile.
EM-307
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 36
Efficient Energy Management of Low Rank Coal to tackle its Quality
Problems.
Engr Yunus
HOD/Senior Manager Quality Control
Askari Cement Limited
Abstract
Coal is the main source of thermal energy in the world and its deposits are spread all over the
globe, but almost half of the world's coal reserves i.e.500 billion tons are of low quality having
the High Moisture, high Ash, High Sulphur, Low Volatile Matters or low Calorific Value.
Therefore, Coal quality up-gradation has been the hot research area for hundreds of researchers.
The Talk will cover the integrated approach to simultaneously tackle the problems of low quality
coals through engineering practices & Management tools. The talk is based on the research work
done by the Speaker on commercial/Industrial scale. The results of the research work are
tremendous and very much encouraging for the future work. The talk will cover the methodology
used for the tackling the LRC problems and the results attained from the research. The
methodology is Green & Sustainable as there is no Chemical, Mechanical or Separation involved
and with Zero waste of coal during process. This is the green treatment of low quality coal. The
coston process of coal is less than 0.50 USD per ton, whereas, the saving in terms of coal quality
enhancement is 9.5 USD per ton. This research opens doors for utility of about 500 billion tons of
low quality coal around the globe, having worth of 5.8 ten trillion USD.
Keywords: coal, energy management, Quality problems.
EM-308
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 37
Lakhra Coal is also a resource of Minerals
Professor Tasneem G Kazi
National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro
Abstract
The mineral matter in coal determines its utility in nearly all its commercial uses, that’s why its
quantification is important. Transition metals in coal have diverse modes of occurrence that greatly
influence their behavior in many coal utilization processes. The present study investigates the
details on the aspects of Coal quality such as proximate and ultimate analysis of Lakhra coal field
Sindh. With extensive mining and combustion of coal, the metals like (Cr, Fe and Mn), deposited
in fly ash disperse into the surrounding environment and contaminate the air, soil and surface as
well as the ground water resources of the region. Current study shows that the Total contents of
Iron, chromium and manganese in three mining areas, (Irfan Coal company, Indus Coal Company
and PMDC). The high amount of Cr, Fe and Mn contents in laboratory made ash might give
information to use it for other industrial purpose, instead of dumping, which creates adverse impact
on groundwater reservoirs.
Keywords: Mineral Resources, Lakhra Coal.
EM-309
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 38
Thar Coal Present and Future Prospects
Engr. Faisal Iqbal
Production Manager Sindh Engro Coal Mining Company
Abstract
Coal is at present world's fastest growing fuel, particularly in the developing countries. Coal's
importance can be judged from the fact that it provides 26% of primary energy and 40% of world
electricity supply. Pakistan's major known coal reserves are located in the province of Sindh,
specifically in Thar, estimated at 175.5 billion tons which account for the bulk of Pakistan's total
reserves, estimated at 185 billion tons. Other coal deposits of significance in Sindh are located at
Sonda (Jharruk) 5.5 billion tons and Lakhra (Dadu) 1.33 billion tons. Current estimated value of
the Thar coal deposits is S 8 trillion and if converted into energy its values comes to $25 trillion.
It has the potential to generate 100,000 MW of electricity for 300 years. Pakistan is 6th largest
coal rich country in the world and the aggregate energy potential of these resources is more than
the combined energy potential of the resources that Saudi Arabia and Iran possess.
GoP is committed to increase substantially the share of coal in Pakistan's current energy mix.
Under the Vision 2030 strategic plan, Pakistan's coal power generation is planned to be increased
from present 200 MW (which is about 1 % of total power generation) to 1060 MW by 2010 and
to 19,910 MW by 2030. Also share of coal in the overall energy mix is planned to be increased
from 5% to 19% by 2030 and to 50% by 2050. The exploitation of cheaply available indigenous
coal would help Pakistan benefit in two ways. Firstly it would help achieve objective of self
reliance and relieving burden of costly oil imports and secondly to generate power, as a least cost
solution.
Keywords: Coal, Power Generation, Energy Potential & Energy Mix.
EM-310
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 39
Analyzing Effects of Skin in Horizontal and Vertical Well
Asad Ahmed Memon, Assistant Professor Naveed Ahmed Ghirano
Mehran University of Engineering & Technology, Jamshoro Sindh Pakistan
Abstract
Most of the wells in oil and gas industry are vertical well. These wells have low risk in terms of
its construction and maintenance while horizontal drilling is very popular in oil and gas industry.
Horizontal wells are drilled to enhance production and performance of well by providing wide
range of well bore with reservoir. Horizontal and vertical wells though have number of advantages
but there are some disadvantages also one of them is skin. Skin is basically measure of amount of
damage around the well bore. Damage near well bore may cause by fine migration, wet ability
reverse, solid plugging, drilling fluid etc. Intensity of Positive skin (damage) ranges from 0 to 50
while intensity of negative skin (improvement) ranges from -0 to -5. It is estimated that production
from two third of horizontal and vertical wells are reduced because of skin. For to minimize
formation damage reactive solution of chemicals either Hydro Caloric Acid or Hydro Fluoric Acid
technique is used known as acidizing. The objectives of this paper are to Estimate Skin Damage
in Horizontal and vertical well by modeling of reservoir using prosper, find Recoverable
productivity factor from horizontal well as well as vertical well, comparative analysis between
vertical improved permeability to Horizontal improved permeability and what percentage
acidizing job required in each well i-e horizontal well and vertical well.
The Research methodology is to first collect information/data from fields regarding formation
damage in vertical well and horizontal well having the same reservoir then by using simulation
base software (Prosper) comparative analysis between horizontal well and vertical well take place.
As the advance methods are required in order to make the wellbore scenario safe and economically
feasible the industries are working and researching on the application of new methodology to
remove skin damage around the wellbore.
Keywords: Completion, Wellbore, Plugging, Acidizing.
EM-311
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 40
Performance Evaluation of Biodesiel from Waste Cooking Oil
Abid Ali Khaskheli
Abstract
Increasing environmental concerns, such as consumption of finite fossil fuel resources, extensive
greenhouse gas emissions, throughout the world have forced the policymakers to look for the
cheaper, reliable and secure sources of energy. Fossil fuels like oil, coal, and natural gas are having
limited supplies and are depleting very fast to be exhausted soon. Both the energy security and
environmental concerns have resulted into inclination towards the renewable energy sources. The
biodiesel does not contain petroleum, but it can be blended with petrodiesel, and recently becoming
an essential fuel around the world. Under this study, the biodiesel was produced by using cheaper
waste cooking oil, collected from the local market of Nawabshah city in Pakistan. The collected
waste oil was converted into biodiesel by Trans-esterification process at PCSIR Laboratory,
Karachi. The fuel samples were tested in bed diesel engine unit (DWE-6/10-JS-DV) at the
Thermodynamics Laboratory of Quaid-e-Awam University, Nawabshah. The performance of the
biodiesel was evaluated based on exhaust emissions and noise and it was compared with the
conventional diesel fuel and the biodiesel blends. The comparative analysis of the performance
parameters concluded that the brake thermal efficiency of blend 30% biodiesel + 70% diesel (B30)
was decreased by 4.75% and emission of CO2 was reduced 0.37% that of conventional diesel fuel.
Keywords: Cooking oil, Biodiesel, waste oil.
EM-312
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 41
Parametric investigation dibenzothiophene removal from Pakistani low rank
coal using native microorganism.
Abdul Sattar Jatoi, Shaheen Aziz, Suhail Ahmed Soomro
Department of Chemical Engineering Mehran University of Engineering & Techmology, Jamshoro 76062
Sindh Paksiatn
email: [email protected]
Abstract
Coal combustion emits many harmful gases, causing huge problems to the environment. Among
these gases, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and carbon dioxide maintain stability in alleviating
environmental problems. The pollution caused by coal combustion is the biggest problem in the
current use of coal, and it is also the biggest constraint to the increase in the use of coal. Sulfur
emissions from coal combustion are considered to be the main cause of acid rain. There is no cost-
effective technology for desulphurization of coal, but biotechnology may provide solutions. Sulfur
emissions harmful to the environment and human health after coal combustion. It is necessary to
explore economic and environmental technologies, namely biotechnology. Current work focus on
degradation of dibenzothiophene couple with parametric effect. Rhodococcus speci was ultilized
as bio-catalyst for conversion DBT(dibenzothiophene) into 2-HBP (hydroxybiphenyl) followed
by 4S-Pathway.The isolate could degrade 0.26 mM DBT through the 4S pathway within 6 days.
Preliminary studies for sulphur removal using isolate indicated Pakistani coal to be more amenable
(61% sulphur removal) followed by Lignite (9.2%). Different operational parameters include pH,
Temperature, Rpm, pulp density and different carbon source. The maximum degradation of DBT
compound into 2-HBP by utilizing 30 oC, 160 rpm, 15pulp density and glucose as carbon source.
This could suggest that isolate Rhodococcus speci had ability to degrade DBT compound from
coal.
Key words: Bio-degradation, dibenzothiophene, Pakistani low rank coal, native microorganism
EM-313
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 42
Facile Organic Ligand Assisted Hydrothermal Synthesis of MoSX-MoOX
Nanocomposites for Hydrogen Production
Umair Aftab, Muhammad Ishaque Abro, Muhammad Moazam Baloch, Sirajuddin Khan
1- Mehran University of Engineering & Technology, Jamshoro 76062 Sindh Pakistan
2- University of Sindh, Jamshoro 76062 Sindh Pakistan
email: [email protected]
Abstract
In recent years, much effort has been devoted to the study of molybdenum based nanostructures
specially oxides and sulphides due to their unique catalytic and electronic properties. These
nanostructures have significant applications in sensors, optical device applications and
electrochemical energy production. The potential application for higher hydrogen evolution of
these nanostructure could not exploited yet due to poor conductivity, limited surface area, and
phase transformation during reaction. It is therefore highly acknowledged in the literature that
efforts are required to produce the molybdenum oxide/ molybdenum sulphide nanostructures
having sharp surface edges so that electrochemical reaction at applicable rate can be achieved.
Therefore present work aims to synthesize MoSX-MoOX nanocomposites in presence of organic
ligand (adrenaline) for enhanced catalytic properties. The optimal MoSX-MoOX nanocomposite
synthesized using 25mg adrenaline, hereinafter referred as ATAD-25, showed stable low
overpotentials (500 mV) at a current density of 10 mA cm−2 in 0.5 M H2SO4. ATAD-25 also
exhibited larger effective electrochemical active surface area (7.5 mF cm-2) due to the presence of
nano features in the structure.
Keywords: molybdenum oxide, molybdenum sulphide, Nanocomposites, Surface Area,
Hydrogen.
EM-314
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 43
Mineralogical and microstructural characterization of carbonate rocks of
lower Indus Basin, Pakistan
Abdul Majeed Shar, Waheed Ali Abro, Asad Ali Narejo, Kung Sang Lee.
Petroleum Engineering department NED University of Engineering and Technology Karachi,
Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University South Korea
Minstry of Petroleum and Natural resources Geological survey of Pakistan
Email: [email protected]
Abstract
Characterization of carbonate reservoir rocks is essential for production forecasting and reservoir
management. Production from low permeability carbonate reservoirs is very challenging, due to
the fact that the oil and gas are held in tight rock formations having poor pore connectivity. Another
problem with carbonates rocks is their severe heterogeneity. For production from such low
permeability rocks at commercial rates, it is essential to determine the key properties i.e. the rock
mineralogy and their microstructure. For this reason, the carbonate samples were collected from
Jakkar area of Balochistan lower Indus basin. The experiments performed include the Quantitative
X-ray diffraction (QXRD), Scanning electron microscopy and Energy-Dispersive X-ray
Spectroscopy. The results revealed that the carbonates contain the minerals and is dominated by
quartz, and microcline also associated with small quantity of other minerals. The microstructure
examination showed the two different types of pores in the range of micro to nanometer size
(250µm to 60nm). Hence, this manuscript provides a comprehensive investigation of the
microstructural and mineralogical characteristics of carbonate rocks of lower Indus basin Pakistan.
Key words: Lower Indus Basin; tight rocks, mineral composition; microstructure.
EM-315
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 44
Ahsan Ali1, Suhail A. Soomro2, Sanwal Hussain3
Department of Chemical Engineering, Mehran Univeristy of Engineering Technology Jamshoro Pakistan
Abstract
Kaolin or china clay is not only composed of single mineral, although it contains hydrated
aluminum silicate minerals kaolinite about (85 to 95%) with minor amount of quartz, mica also
Some time possess montmorillonite, feldspar and other clay minerals. In kaolin there is presence
of alumina in good percentage and alumina has vast technological and industrial applications. In
Pakistan many industries pay out huge amount of money & pay heavy taxes on imports. Synthesis
of gamma alumina from indigenous kaolin plays an important role for boast the economy of
Pakistan. The current work is concentrated on the recovery of value added product from kaolin in
order to achieve this gamma alumina was synthesized. . Kaolin samples have been collected from
Nagar Parker mining sites. The raw clay was beneficiated, Metakaolinized ,Dealuminated and
crystallized . Formless aluminum hydroxide was precipitated from the aluminum sulfate using
NaOH solution as the precipitating agent. Mineralogical, physiochemical and morphological
analyses of the products were carried out using XRF and XRD . The A produced was subjected to
thermal treatment of variable calcination temperatures at 300,600 & 900°C. Gradual phase
alteration was observed, a fully formed gamma alumina phase was observed at 900°C.
Keywords: Nagar parker, Gamma alumina, Nano Size material, Raw Kaolin.
Synthesis of Gamma Alumina by Using Acid Treatment from Nagar Parker
Kaolin
EM-316
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 45
Effictive and Environmental Friendly Utilization of Biomass, coal and Lignite
Briquettes
Sanwal Hussain, Suhail A. Soomro, Shaheen Aziz, Ahsan Ali and Naveed Ali.
Department of Chemical Engineering, Mehran University of Engineering & Technology Jamshoro
Pakistan
Abstract
Coal is available globally in abundance and is a major source of energy in many countries. Lignite
coal is one type of coal that emit pollutants and have adverse impacts on environment. As Pakistan
also have huge deposits of lignite coal. It is necessary to utilize coal in environmentally friendly
manner. In this research, efforts have been taken to prepare low emission coal briquettes. Lignite
coal from Lakhara mine in Sindh, Pakistan and locally available plastic and bio waste materials
(PET bottles, polythene bags, sawdust, rice husk) are used. Materials were carbonized and
pulverized and blended in varying proportions with limestone dust. The blended samples were
characterized by testing for, ignition and heating value, moisture content, volatile matter and ash
content using proximate and ultimate analysis. During emission analysis the maximum amount of
CO were observed in B90 (90% coal+10% lime dust and binder) and the lowest value of CO were
observed in B10 (10% coal+70% biomass 10% plastic and 10 % lime dust and binder). The highest
value of Sulphur dioxide SO2 is observed in B90 (90% coal + 10% limedust and binder) and the
lowest value of SO2 is observed in B10 (10% coal+70% biomass 10% plastic and 10 % lime dust
and binder). The samples having larger amount of coal burns longer as compared to low amount
of coal in their composition. The blended materials used by this technique are good alternative to
fuel wood for outdoor and indoor cooking and for mitigation of deforestation, desertification, and
environmental pollution and degradation. Recycling of the plastic waste into refuse-derived fuel
by incorporation in production of these bio coal briquettes shows great technique to waste
management.
Keywords: coal, biomass, plastic, heating value, lakhra, lignite, proximate and ultimate analysis
EM-317
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 46
TECHNOLOGICAL
ADVANCE MATERIAL
(TAM)
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 47
Monitoring of Water Pollutants via Nanomaterials
Prof. Dr. Sirajuddin
National Center of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry University of Sindh, Jamshoro
Abstract
Nanotechnology is considered as most influential and electrifying amalgam field and spread over
many scientific disciplines including Engineering, Physics, Electronics, Chemistry, Biology,
Pharmacy, Biotechnology, Environment, Microbiology and so on via sturdy but springy networks.
Despite its uncountable contributions in numerous fields, it plays crucial role in environmental
safety to curtail or omit the hazardous threats to living beings under its congenital covering.
Incredible and mind blowing applications of this extraordinary and amazing technology have been
explored regarding the elimination, reduction and demolition of contaminants especially for
establishment of safer aquatic environment in order to make the polluted water suitable for
drinking or other usage. Numerous imminent properties of nanoscale materials are based on their
outstandingly tiny sizes with larger surface areas and peculiar shapes that rare associated with their
unique catalytic properties as demonstrated in copious reports. All remediation and purification
approaches for harmless aquatic environment are principally reliant on authentic, accurate,
exceptionally sensitive and extremely selective diagnostic procedures to monitor extremely level
of pollutants. In other words, aqueous safety is basically dependent on extremely accurate
detection tool or technique for toxicants. Numerous reports disclose that nanomaterials play crucial
role in monitoring of pollutants on account of their congenital catalytic nature, greener aspects and
outstanding sensitivity owing to tiny sizes with great surface areas and shape dependency.
Nanomaterials based sensors are significantly applied for environmental detection of impurities as
they have clear edge over conventional techniques.
In order to prove practicality of sensing nanomaterials it is essential to display simplistic
preparation protocol for metal and metal oxide nanomaterials and their application as rapid, greatly
economical, highly sensitive and extremely selective colorimetric and electrochemical sensors
detection of impurities in various types of waters.
Keyword: Nanomaterials, Synthesis, Colorimetric and electrochemical sensing, Detection of
pollutants in water
TAM-401
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 48
Synthesis of silver impregnated Graphene Oxide and Reduced Graphene
Oxide By Re-Modified HUMMERs Method and Its Application’s
Dr Shahid Bhutto
Abstract
The groundwater of Pakistan is highly contaminated and unsafe for drinking purposes because
most of contaminants exceed their standard limit based on the WHO and NEQS (National
Environment Quality Standards). Graphene Oxide (GO) and Reduced graphene oxide (RGO) have
been reported with enhanced removal properties. The contaminated water with high concentrations
of Fe, Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd were subjected to pass through silver impregnated GO and rGO coated
sand. The microbial load of 10,000 bacteria per ml and Heavy metals 10 ppm for Fe, Cu & Zn and
1 ppm for Pb and Cd maintained water was passed through coated sand. The disinfection of
polluted water observed 100% for one liter per 50 gram of coated sand, which reduced to 77% for
next one liter. Similarly Cu, Fe and Zn removal were observed 97%, 99% and 98% respectively
for first one liter and reduced to 93%, 95% & 92% respectively. On the other hand Pb and Cd
removal were observed excellent around 97% and 99.5% for first one liter and reduced to 91.3%
and 92.7% for next one liter. The enhanced properties of disinfection and heavy metal removal
properties make its application in water treatment feasible. However further research is needed to
reduce the cost of synthesis.
Keywords: Graphene oxide, HUMMERs Method, Silver.
TAM-402
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 49
Simulating the Drilling Profile in Coal Formation to Extract Coal Bed
Methane Using Finite Element Method Over Pore Pressure Envelop
Ubedullah Ansari, Suhail A. Soomro, Abdul Haque Tunio, Li QingChao, YuanFang Cheng
Mehran University fo Engineering & Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan
China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, China
Abstract
Drilling a horizontal wells at shallow depth is considered to be the most challenging task in drilling
engineering. Whereas coal is found at shallow depths thus there has been various techniques to
conclude the horizontal well under eco1omic and secure conditions. The seriousness for drilling a
horizontal well occur when its horizontal section is to be drilled within coal with presence of
absorbed gas. In such case the wellbore is highly instable and may lead to wellbore failure. In order
to deal with such issue rock mechanical analysis is developed to investigate the desorption limits
of coal and drilling plan is selected accordingly. Thus, this paper presents a numerical
methodology to develop a 3D simulation model based on coupling of subsurface stress field
analysis and finite element technique. The results of this study suggested that the walls of the
wellbore at the boundaries of the horizontal section remain stable with certain pressure
fluctuations. The interpretation of this study provided that wellbore walls could be damaged due
to presence of absorbed gas, therefore taking the advantage of finite element simulation model the
displacement of the walls was estimated which revealed the level of wellbore damage. Further, the
displacement of wellbore walls under stresses are evaluated which presented the collapse occurring
into wellbore and how much it can be avoided. Additionally, the influence of pore compaction is
observed which indicated that pressure anomaly exists in nonlinear pattern. Sub surface pressure
profile is the function of collapse volume, if the pressure magnitude is high the collapse volume
will be higher and if pressure magnitude is lower the collapse volume will be less. Moreover, the
maximum collapse is observed in the direction parallel to vertical stress and minimum is in the
direction perpendicular to vertical stress. The outcome of this study can be considered as the
validation to proposed numerical simulation technique and hence it can be adopted to drill a
horizontal coal bed methane well under secure environment.
Keywords: coal bed Methane, drilling profile, Simulation.
TAM-403
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 50
Smart Imprinted Polymer for Selective Recognition and Removal of Toxic
Ions from Aqueous System
Aamna Balouch National Center of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro
Abstract
Imprinting technology is a promising synthetic approach for the synthesis of selective recognition
sites in polymers network with the memory of imprint or template molecules.
The exposure of toxic metals such as Lead, Cadmium, Mercury and Arsenic in water is a serious
environmental and health concern and most dangerous problems globally. Due to continuous
increase in environmental pollution, the development of novel and economically feasible
enrichment techniques or materials for selective separation of these toxic species has been the main
focus of research. These heavy metals, contamination have brought great threat to the human and
ecological environment due to its toxicity at microgram exposure levels. Therefore, an innovative
technique with ion imprinting polymer was developed for efficient and selective removal and
preconcentration of toxic ion from aqueous system.
Keywords: Imprinted polymer, Toxic ions, Aqueous System.
TAM-404
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 51
Copper nanoparticles as colorimetric sensor for detection of trace level
Arsenic 3+
Gul Naz Laghari Baloch1, Sirajuddin1, Syed Tufail Hussain Sherezi1
1 National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro-76080 Pakistan
Abstract
Arsenic contamination in drinking water and groundwater is becoming a serious worldwide threat
to human. It is associated with a number of diseases such as skin damage or problems with the
circulatory system and high risk of getting cancer. In this Present research work represents an
environmentally friendly synthesis of copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs) in the aqueous medium
without provided inert environment. The UV-Visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy was employed to
monitor the Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance (LSPR) band of functionalized copper
nanoparticles (Cu NPs) based at 573 nm. The Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) was used for the
size and morphological characterization. The average size of Rano-Cu NPs was found to be 40±2
nm was recorded. Copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs) demonstrated highly sensitive and selective
colorimetric detection of As3+ in the linear range of 3.3×10-7 to 6×10-6 mol/ L based on the
decreased in intensity with the R² value of 0.989 by UV–Vis spectrophotometer. The color change
of Cu NPs with different concentrations of As3+ could make it convenient to be observed by the
bare eyes. The resulting sensor is highly economical, simple compared to other sensors and
sensitive to detect As3+ with a detection limit down to 1.6×10-8 mol/ L. In addition, the Cu NPs
sensor also selectivity in the presence of potentially interfering compounds. Finally, such simple,
convenient, cost-effective, highly selective and sensitive colorimetric sensing assay was
successfully applied in the detection of As3+ in groundwater samples. The developed sensor will
give new opportunity for the applications in health safety as well as environmental monitoring.
Keywords: Copper nanoparticles, Ranolazine, Colorimetric sensor, Arsenic, Localized Surface
Plasmon Resonance and Health safety.
TAM-405
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 52
Synthesis and applications of imprinted Semi-IPN cryogel composite for
selective removal of aluminum from aqueous matrices
Shahnila Shah1, Huma Shaikh1 and Najma Memon1
1National Center of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro
76080, Pakistan.
Email: [email protected]
Abstract
Aluminum is a nonessential metal to which humans are frequently exposed. Whilst being
environmentally abundant, aluminum is not essential for life. Aluminum has been described as "a
protoplasmic poison and a pernicious and persistent neurotoxin". The central nervous system is a
particular target of the deleterious effects of aluminum metal. The selective removal of aluminum
ions has been extensively investigated by applying several techniques. Among them, the use of
specific polymeric adsorbents has been considered one of the most promising techniques. The aim
of this study was to investigate the usability of macroporous cryogel composite discs for the
purification of environmental and drinking waters from aluminum. Poly (2-hydroxyethyl
methacrylate) (pHEMA) discs were produced via cryogenic treatment. The surface of poly (2-
hydroxyethyl methacrylate) discs was further modified using 3-(trimethoxysilyl) propyl acrylate
and aluminum imprinted pHEMA was grafted on cryogel discs. Adsorption experiments were
carried out to optimize pH of sample medium, adsorption time, adsorption capacity and selectivity
of Al3+ imprinted semi-IPN cryogel composite. The selectivity of Al3+ imprinted semi-IPN cryogel
composite was evaluated by performing competitive adsorption experiments between Al3+, Fe3+,
Cu2+ and Ni2+. The synthesized material showed excellent selectivity for Al3+ ions even in the
presence of other similar metal ions. Application of Al3+ imprinted semi-IPN cryogel composite
has also been checked on real water samples (tap water, river water etc). The fine selectivity of
Al3+ imprinted semi-IPN cryogel composite makes them an eligible candidate for the purification
of drinking water from Al3+ leaving important minerals remained in the water.
Key words: Adsorption, interpenetrating polymeric network (IPN), drinking water, aluminum,
ion imprinting
TAM-406
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 53
Synthesis of Insulin Intercalated Graphene Oxide (IN @ GO) Nanogel/
Nanocomposite for the Controlled Drug Delivery
Shabana Gul1, Huma Shaikh1, Shahabuddin Memon1, Ayaz Ali Memon1
National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro1
Abstract
Drug delivery system is the process of controlling pharmaceutical drugs to provide a beneficial
outcome in living beings. In this regard, current efforts include the development of targeted drug
delivery systems by applying different functional materials in a manner to increase the absorption
of medication in some specific parts of the body. Different synthetic and natural materials have
contributed significantly to drug delivery. Among synthetic materials hydrogel is one of the most
biocompatible, smart and robust material. Due to high water content, these gels resemble natural
living tissue more than any other type of synthetic biomaterial. For this reason, hydrogels can be
used for site-specific controlled drug delivery.
In this study, Insulin intercalated GO based p-HEMA nanogel Nano-composite (IN@GO
Nanogel/Nano-composite) was prepared where intercalated graphene oxide (GO) is nano-carrier
for the model drug Insulin. Insulin intercalated into the layers of GO and the intercalation process
was mainly driven by the mutual electrostatic interaction. By introducing IN@GO a more compact
GO centered network structure formed for the nanogel. The GO based nanogel/Nano-composite
was thoroughly characterized via SEM/EDS, XRD, DSC Zetasizer and FTIR spectroscopy for
morphology and composition. The swelling study of the nanogel were investigated in Deionized
water and buffer at different pH. Furthermore, the drug loading efficiency and release study at
different pH was analyzed. The drug loading and release pattern of Nanogel at different
physiological conditions revealed that IN@GO/nanogel Nano-composite has better loading
efficiency and release at intestinal condition. Furthermore the IN@GO/nanogel Nano-composite
is more stable towards enzymatic degradation.
Keywords: Nanogel, Sustained drug delivery, Composite, Insulin.
TAM-407
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 54
Synthesis, Characterization and properties of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles
using different capping agents
Shabana Bhagat*
Abstract
Nanoparticles (Nps) are tiny materials having size ranges from 1 to 100 nm. They can be classified
into different classes based on their properties, shapes or sizes. Nps possess unique physical and
chemical properties due to their high surface area and nanoscale size. Copper oxide nanoparticles
are famous due to their interesting properties, low cost preparation and many potential applications
in catalysis, sensing , electroanalysis and optoelectronics. In this study Copper oxide (CuO)
nanoparticles have been synthesized using glutamic acid, aspartic acid, cupferron and melamine
as capping agent in aqueous medium without using inert gas protection through an assisted
precipitation followed by hydrothermal method. Synthesized CuO Nps were characterized by
Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray
diffraction (XRD) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) in order to verify their morphology, size,
crystalline nature and other properties.
Keywords: copper oxide, nanoparticles, capping agents.
TAM-408
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 55
Synthesis of Novel Nanoliposomes for Effective Delivery of
CoQ10
Ammara Rasheed, Huma Shaikh, Shahabuddin Mmon
Mehran University of Engineering & Technology, Jamshoro 76062 Sindh Pakistan
email: [email protected]
Abstract
CoQ10 is classified as a fat-soluble vitamin, when described chemically it is a basic quinone
skeleton containing compound having a 10 carbon isoprenyl side chain, exists naturally in oxidised
quinone form, and chemically represented as 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-decaprenyl-1,4-
benzoquinone. Due to its isoprenoid side chain, CoQ10 is found to be extremely lipophilic. CoQ10
occurs in crystalline state. while crystalline form shows poor water solubility and associated with
bioavailability problems. To improve its bioavailability, we prepared COQ10-loaded
Nanoliposomes (NL) stabilized with graphene oxide by using sonication and magnetic stirring
method. In this study, a liposomal formulation composed of soy Lecithin (LC) and GO was utilized
to encapsulate CoQ10 for oral application. Latest technical developments reveal that encapsulation
of CoQ10 in nanoliposomes esults in a significantly enhanced bioavailability, as Phospholipids
are a major component of al cell membranes. Graphene oxide has been extensively explored as
one of the most promising nanocarrier for biomedical applications due to their unique properties:
two-dimensional planar structure, large surface area, chemical and mechanical stability, superb
conductivity and good biocompatibility. These properties result in promising applications for the
design of advanced drug delivery systems and delivery of a broad range of therapeutics. The
phenomena of bioavailability enhancement by formulations comprising of phospholipids extracted
from plant and stabilized with graphene oxide is a completely innovative strategy for improving
the bioavailability of CoQ10.The liposomes were homogeneous, less than 9 nm in diameter and
had a narrow size distribution.
Keywords: COQ10, particle size, bavailability,liposomes.
TAM-409
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 56
Simulation Of Carbon Capture Process at Kunar Oil Field
Syeda Saman Zehra Zaidi1, Muhammad Awais1, Imran Nazir Unar1
1Department of Chemical Engineering, Mehran University of Engineering & technology, Jamshoro.
Abstract
‘Water, Water everywhere Water but no drop to drink’, world is wrapping blanket of global
warming rapidly due to depletion of ozone layer which results in scarcity of rain, contaminated
water cycle, melting of glaciers and extremely hot weather in summer around the world, it is all
because of millions of industries expelling their flue gases having carbon in it without treatment
under the nose of international environmental protection agencies. Pakistan, being a third a world
country has limited resources of survival for its individuals to provide them quality standard life
style in which oil production is major GDP boaster, for, which different companies are allotted the
regions to dig and do Like Oil and Gas Development Company Limited (OGDCL).
OGDCL has several plants around the country from which Kunar Oil field has been Diagnosed
and analyzed in this project on advance level of simulation through optimizing the different
parameters like temperature, pressure reflux ratio, composition, flow rate and nature of adsorbents.
ASPEN HYSYS®8.4 was used in this project utilizing Extended NRTL as Fluid package having
mono ethanol amine as solvent in amine absorption process unit to get results having efficiency of
99.8% which is remarkable. It is highly recommended to every oil facility expelling flue gases into
environment to treat them before leaving. This work of study will help researchers and developers
to stop slaughter of atmosphere.
Keywords: Carbon, Simulation, Absorption, Mono Ethyl Amine
TAM-410
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 57
Energy Conservation in Distillation column with PETYLUK Arrangement –
A Simulation based case Study Fahad Hussain Noonari, Imran Nazir Unar, Suhail A. Soomro, Shaheen Aziz
Email: [email protected]
Abstract
Distillation is responsible for a significant amount of energy consumptions of the world’s process
industry and also in natural gas processing. There is significant energy saving potential that can be
obtained by applying new energy saving distillation technology. Petlyuk arrangement (also known
as FTCDS) possesses attractive features of both saving in energy consumption and reduction of
investment cost. The design of (FTCDS) or its thermodynamically equivalent arrangement
(DWC), is more complex than conventional arrangement because of the greater number of degree
of freedom before rigorous simulation all these degree of freedom must be initialized. The main
objective of present research is to reduce the energy over distillation operation mainly in petroleum
refinery through Petyluk Arrangement. An attempt has made to suggest new method over a base
case (conventional case) and proposed case in which FTCDS (Petlyuk arrangement) technique was
used in distillation column were designed on ASPNEN HYSYS®7.1. The comparisons were made
between conventional and proposed case and economic analysis was also conducted. It was finally
concluded that the case study that more than 40% of energy could be saved by implementing
(FTCDS) Petyluk arrangement in distillation column. The initial cost of this arrangement could
also be reduced up to 6%.
Keywords: Energy conversion, Distillation column, PETYLUK arrangement.
TAM-411
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 58
Dimethyl ether production from coal based synthesis gas: process simulation
and modelling - A review
Abdul Jabbar Kalhoro, Shaheen Aziz, Suhail A. Soomro, Fahad Hussain Noonari
Department of Chemical engineering Mehran university of Engineering & Technology, Jamshoro, Sindh,
Pakistan
Email: [email protected]
Abstract
Dimethyl ether (DME) is a clean and multipurpose fuel which can be used to overcome energy
supply demands and reducing global environmental problems. Coal based synthesis gas (CO, H2)
is important source of DME production and it offers exceptional opportunities based on
environmental and economic performance. DME can be utilized as a diesel substitute since it has
high cetane number (55-60). It experiences nearly without smoke burning as a result of its low
auto-start temperature, high oxygen substance and nonattendance of C-C bond in the atomic
structure. DME can likewise utilized as a LPG substitute for domestic applications since it has
comparable properties. Production of DME fuel from coal can be suitable choice for proper
utilization of coal reserves in Pakistan. Coal is first converted in to syngas (CO, H2) through
gasification process then syngas is converted in to DME through liquefaction process. DME
production from syngas requires effective process simulation and modelling in order to get
maximum yield of DME. Process simulation is very useful for design, simulate and optimization
of simple to complex chemical processes. Process simulation model can be used for finding
optimum process conditions for maximum process efficiency and economic analysis of process.
The aim of this research work is to study and compare different production processes for DME
production from coal based synthesis gas.
Keywords: Dimethyl ether, Process simulation, Synthesis gas.
TAM-412
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 59
Comparative study of Fluoride Removal from Water Using Indigenous China Clay
and Fly Ash as an adsorbent: A laboratory Scale Study
Manzoor ul haq Rajput1.,Shaheen azi1z, Suhail A.soomro1., Abdul Khaliq Ansari2,Abdul Sattar jatoi3.,
Junaid Ghaffar Korai4.
1Chemical Engineering Department, Mehran University of Engineering & Technology, Jamshoro. Sindh,
Pakistan 3Dawood University of Engineering & Technology, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan
2,4 Quaid- e - Awam University of Engineering Science & Technology, Nawab Shah, Sindh, Pakistan
Email: [email protected]
Abstract
Fluoride is essential for human health, but the excessive amount of fluoride in drinking water
(groundwater) can cause fluorosis. A disease that causes bone deformation and also prolongs
intakze dose to death. Adsorption technique is a cost-effective approach for defluoridation of water
for underdeveloped countries like Pakistan. In the Present work two adsorbents like China Clay or
“kaolinite” (Nagarparkar, Thar) and fly ash (Coal-fired Power Plants) were used. In this study, two
adsorption methods like agitation and column (Fixed bed) were investigated on a laboratory scale.
The results revealed that the fly ash performance for fluoride removal was found 90.6% as
compared to the china clay (kaolinite) up to 28% in agitation mode while it was improved to 74%
under column study.
Keywords: Adsorption, Fluoride, Clay, Flyash.
TAM-413
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 60
Effective Bioremediation of Endocrine-Disrupting Phthalate Esters,
Mediated by Bacillus Strains
Muhammad Ali Surhio, Farah Naz talpur, Shafi Muhammad Nizamani, Hassan Imran Afridi
National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro
76080, Pakistan
Abstract
Phthalic acid esters (PAEs) are a class of refractory organic compounds, widely used as additives
or plasticizers in plastic industry. PAEs are ubiquitous endocrine-disrupting pollutants and can be
degraded by microorganisms. The present study described the assimilation of four PAE mixture
(dimethyl, diethyl, dipropyl, and dibutyl phthalate) by two bacillus species: Bacillus thuringiensis
and Bacillus cereus, isolated from different agricultural soil and their consortium. Among which,
the optimal degradation of 82–96% was achieved by B. thuringiensis. This is the first report on the
metabolic breakdown of four basic PAE’s mixture. The optimum conditions for biodegradation
were found to be pH 7, temperature 30 °C, inoculum size 10 mL, and concentration 400 mg/L.
Moreover, the respective biodegradation followed the first-order kinetic model. Our results
proffered supplementary confirmation of the wide spectrum of PAE utilization by B. thuringiensis
and suggest the possibility of applying it for the remediation of PAE contamination waste.
Keywords: Phthalates, bioremediation, B. thuringiensis , contaminated water
TAM-414
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 61
Environment, Health, Safety
and Management (EHSM)
1st International Conference on Sustainable Mineral Resource Development
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 62
Treatment of mixed Industrial Effluent (heavy metal ions, organic pollutants,
herbicides and dyes) by a novel combination of photolytic ,electrochemical
and carbon concentrator system Mukhtar-ul-Hassan1, 2, 4, Zahid Qureshi1, 3, Javed Iqbal5, Mudsar Natt5
Institute of Environment Brunel University West London UB8 3PH1
Armed forces Hospital KSA2, Gov. College University Lahore3
Institute of Chemistry University of Punjab Lahore 4
West London College UK5
Email: [email protected]
Abstract
The industrial wastewater generally consists of chlorinated organic compounds, phenols, heavy
metals (As,Cr,Cu, Pb, Hg, Ni, etc.), salts, , herbicides, pesticides, dyes etc. In mixed wastewater
streams organic species and heavy metal ions retard the destruction of organic contaminants and
the efficiency of recovery of the metal is reduced by the organic species has been studied. The
reduction in the efficiency of these metals is due to the formation of complexes between the organic
species and the metal ions. Results of number of investigations are presented for copper,
chromium, zinc and organic system in which both effects occur. A photolytic cell alone can
achieve the complete degradation of organic pollutants, Atrazine, MCPA (2-methyl-4-
chlorophenoxyacetic acid) in the presence of TiO2 or H2O2, at different pH has been studied. The
addition of heavy metals, Cu(II)ions, however, retards the degradation of Atrazine, MCPA organic
species and complete mineralization of organic species was not achieved and the system leaves
heavy metal ions Cu(II) ions in solution. An electrolytic cell alone can be used to recover heavy
metal copper but is not capable of achieving complete disappearance of Atrazine, MCPA
pollutants by anodic oxidation. A photolytic or electrolytic system alone incapable of achieving
simultaneous destruction of Atrazine MCPA and recovery of heavy metals, copper from mixed
wastewater streams. For complete effluent treatment the destruction of organic species and the
recovery of heavy metals, can be achieved by using a combined photolytic, activated carbon
concentrator and an electrolytic cell system.
Keywords: Heavy Metal, Photolytic, electrochemical, Carbon concentrator.
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 63
The Environmental Safeguard Policies for Sustainable Mine Development
Prof. Dr. Abdul Khalique Ansari
Department of Chemical Engineering
Mehran UET Jamshoro
Abstract
The environmental Safeguard Policies aim to ensure that the people and the environment are
protected from potential adverse impacts. The current environment and social policies of the world
Bank provide a framework for consultation with communities and for public disclosure. Example
of these requirements include.
a) Conducting environmental and social impact Assessments
b) Consulting with affected communities about potential project impacts, and
c) Restoring the livelihoods of displaced people
For Sustainable Mine Develoment, it is necessary to carry out the mining operations in such a
manner so as to ensure systematic development of the mine or quarry, conservation of mineral,
protection of the environment and safety of the man and machinery.
This paper will discuss this and other Safeguard Guidelines.
Keywords: Environmental Policies, Sustainable development.
EHSM-502
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 64
ISO 14001:2015
Environmental Management Sysytems
Engr. Zulfiqar A Dhakan
BE., LLB., ME., MBA. (Ph.D)
CEO ZEDTECH Interantional
Abstract
ISO 14001:2015 is an internationally agreed standard that sets out the requirements for an
environmental management system. It helps organizations improve their environmental
performance through more efficient use of resources and reduction of waste, gaining a competitive
advantage and the trust of stakeholders. An environmental management system helps
organizations identify, manage, monitor and control their environmental issues in a “holistic”
manner. ISO 14001 is suitable for organizations of all types and sizes, be they private, not-for-
profit or governmental. It requires that an organization considers all environmental issues relevant
to its operations, such as air pollution, water and sewage issues, waste management, soil
contamination, climate change mitigation and adaptation, and resource use and efficiency.
Keywords: Safety Policy, Environmental Managemnet.
EHSM-503
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 65
ISO 45001:2018
Occupational health and Safety Management Systems
Engr. Zulfiqar A Dhakan
BE., LLB., ME., MBA. (Ph.D)
CEO ZEDTECH Interantional
Abstract
The ISO 45001:2018 standard has been approved in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part
1, 2017, clause 2.6.3. Potentially one of the most significant occupational health and safety
standard ever be promulgated. As an OHS/HSE Professional, you work with safety management
systems standard on an almost daily basis. This standard has the potential to move health and safety
management to global level and as a professional it is imperative that you understand this standard,
implementation, and implication for your company, colleagues, and clients. You will be in the
position to advise and guide significant health and safety decisions. This ISO 45001:2018 standard
for occupational health and safety management systems will provide a framework from which
OHS objectives can be effectively managed and ISO 45001:2018 will help drive solutions for
improving worker safety across the globe.
Keywords: Safety Policy, Environmental Managemnet.
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 66
Impact of Coal Mining on Environment and Human Heath
Akhtar Shareef, Durdana Rais Hashmi and Razia Begum
Centre for Environmental Studies (CES), PCSIR Labs Complex, Karachi
[email protected], [email protected]
Abstract
Present study was carried out to determine the concentration of ambient air quality and noise level
measurement in coal mining areas. Air quality has been collected in terms of atmospheric trace
gases like Carbon Monoxide (CO), Sulphur dioxide (SO2), Nitrogen Oxide (NO), Nitrogen dioxide
(NO2) at 03 different Blocks (Block – IX Islamkot Area, Block – X, Mithrio Sumra and Block –
XI, Baparana) in Thar Coal Field, Sindh Pakistan. At Each selected Blocks the study was carried
out to determine the noise level and the concentrations of trace gases during the year, 2010 and
2011. In each block samples were collected before drilling, during drilling and after drilling at
each selected locations in Thar Coal Field, Sindh Pakistan.
Experimental Results were used to analyze the concentrations of the pollutants and their effects on
environment and on human health. Results received from different air quality categories were
calculate according to National Environmental Quality Standard (NEQS) at selected locations, as
during the drilling process in each blocks showing high pollution level for trace gases and high
level of noise pollution may be due to the emission of impurities and fly-ash during the drilling
process and noise pollution due to use of heavy duty machinery.
This study shows that coal mining or drilling activity produces persistent pollutants in that area,
thus posing a threat to biodiversity. Huge quantities of waste material are produced by several
mining activities in the coal mining region. If proper care is not taken for waste disposal, mining
will degrade the surrounding environment. The method of waste disposal affects land, water and
air and in turns the quality of life of the people in the adjacent areas. This study present the issues
and effects of coal mines and its impact on the environment and human health and can range from
nausea, difficulty in breathing, skin irritation, to cancer.
Keywords: Coal mining, Explosive pollution, Environmental effects, Health hazards.
EHSM-505
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 67
Evaluation of adsorption capacities of commercial humic acid for application
to remove pollutants such as Cu2+, Zn2+, Cd2+ and Ni2+ and characterization
with FT-IR spectroscopy
Mir Munsif Ali Talpur*, Tajnees Pirzada, Mir Ali Raza Talpur
Institute of Chemistry, Shah Abdul Latif University, Khairpur, Sindh, Pakistan
Institute of Chemistry, Shah Abdul Latif University, Khairpur, Sindh, Pakistan
Email: [email protected]
Abstract
In this study commercial Humic acid was used to evaluate the adsorption behavior of metal ions
Cu2+, Zn2+, Cd2+ and Ni2+. The mathematical model described by Langmuir's adsorption equation
was applied and the values of the maximum adsorption capacity ‘b’ and those of the constant
related to the bonding energy ‘a’ were obtained. Aliquots of salts of copper, cadmium, nickel and
zinc solutions of different concentrations were added to the humic acid suspensions and the effect
of pH, contact time, metal ion initial concentration, adsorbent dose, agitation rate and temperature
were optimized. The rate and the amount of adsorbed humic acid onto metal ions increased with
increasing ionic strength, decreasing pH. The adsorbent worked well for the Cu2+, Zn2+, Cd2+ and
Ni2+. The FTIR investigation of adsorbent before and after loading metal ions indicated clear
differences in the spectra. The adsorption equilibrium data showed that adsorption behavior of
humic acid could be described more reasonably by Freundlich adsorption isotherm than Langmiur
adsorption isotherm.
Keywords: FTIR, Adsorption, Pollutants, Spectroscopy.
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 68
To Investigate the Impact of Recycled Coarse Aggregate as a Partial
Substituent of Natural Aggregate
1Mohammad Asim, 1Mujeeb-ur-Rehman, 1Waheed Ahmed, 2Engr.Gohr Nadeem
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected]
[email protected] 1Students of Civil Engineering Department Balochistan UET Khuzdar
2Assistant Prof. in UET Khuzdar
Abstract
The Concrete industry has stepped towards Sustainable development, the timeworn buildings and
infra sturctures being demolished for the construction of new and modern structures, thus the
dumping of smashed waste became a foremost problem in urban areas, and on further the pressure
on devastating of natural aggregate is tremendously rising. The above stated disputes initiating a
serious problem and polluting Environment. The only resolution to overwhelm these serious issues
is to recycle the demolished structures. This reseach targeted to discourse the the possibilites of
replacment of Natural aggregate with Recycled aggregates.The work comprises the use of recycled
aggregates achieved from different neighborhood of District Khuzdar. For experimental works the
Physical and Mechanical properties of 28 cylinders (6`` dia and 12`` height) and 10 beam of
6``x6``x20`` was determined and cured for 28 days. The experimental results shown that up to
40% of replacement of natural aggregate by recycled aggregate has no effect on Compressive
strength of concrete, Tensile strength and Flexural strength. The strength of specimens to some
extent reduced when replaced by recycled aggregate over and above 40%.
Keywords: Natural Aggregate, Recycled aggregate, demolished waste, Concrete.
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 69
Occupational Health and Safety in Mining
Naseem Ibrahim,
Inspectorate of Mines, Mines and Mineral Development
Department, Government of Sindh.
Abstract
The mining industry is a high health risk occupation. Companies/ industries need to implement
occupational health and safety act, rules and regulations. These companies face a rapidly booming
mining sector. Being aware of the influential factors on the occupational safety and health in
mining is needed to reduce work-related fatalities and increase the company's efficiency. Few
studies identified that the influential factors on the implementation of Mines Act, 1923 and its
rules and regulations available in the mining industry. This study provides a general overview of
occupational safety and health and investigates the relationship between five factors influencing
the implementation of occupational health and safety management among currently operational
mining companies. The results show that the correlation of the five domains varies. Using factor
loading to examine the most influential factor to the least influential factors, the order is shown as
follows: act and regulation, stakeholder pressure, investment, integrated occupational safety and
health management and organizational culture. In addition, lack of adequate investment from the
government was reported by the majority of the occupational safety and health (OHS) specialists.
This finding is noteworthy in that there was an occupational safety and health (OHS) specialist
agreement that their companies do not spend at least 1% of their production and service cost to
implement occupational safety and health requirements.
Keywords: Influential factors, Investment, Stakeholder pressure, Organizational culture, Act and
regulation, occupational safety and health implementation.
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 70
Impact Evaluation of coal mine drainage on Physicochemical properties of
Soil and Aquifer around coal Mining areas in Chakwal, Punjab, Pakistan
Waqas Ahmeda*, Tahseenullah Khana, Fiza Sarwara
a Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Bahria University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Abstract
Natural energy resources are playing vital role in fulfilling the demands of growing population.
Especially in developing countries the extraction rate of these natural resources is increasing day
by day. In Pakistan, Coal mining is major industry which is being used for power generation. The
problems associated with coal mining are not properly addressed and it is becoming the major
causative agent for environmental problems in surrounding areas. The major potential source of
contamination in coal mining are waste rocks and mine drainage which cause environmental
pollution and acid mine drainage. This research was carried out to evaluate the potential impact of
coal mine drainage on soil and ground water of coal mines surrounding areas. The study area is
located near Chakwal district, Punjab province, Pakistan. Study area is divided into two blocks A
and B based on the difference in surface topography. Comparative study is conducted for these
two blocks. Ground water and soil samples are analyzed to evaluate the potential impact of coal
mine drainage. 13 ground water samples from bore wells, one Dam water sample, 11 soil samples
from agricultural land, 4 coal mine waste rock samples and 2 coal mine water discharge samples
were taken in duplicates. Physicochemical parameters such as pH, EC, TDS, salinity, total
hardness, chlorides, nitrates, sulphates and heavy metals (chromium, cadmium, zinc and iron) were
analyzed in ground water and soil samples using standard operating procedures. Ground water
were compared with Pak-EPA Drinking water standards and soil samples were compared with
FAO/WHO agricultural soil standards. pH, TDS, total Hardness and chlorides lied within
permissible limit whereas EC, salinity, nitrate and sulphates showed higher concentration in both
water and soil samples. Heavy metals were in higher concentration in water samples
(Zn>Cr>Cd>Fe) whereas in soil samples all the heavy metals were within permissible limit except
cadmium in B block (4.28 mg/kg). In comparison block B showed higher concentration of almost
all the physicochemical parameters and heavy metals due to coal mining waste. The elevation and
water flow direction of the area is from A block toward B block which ultimately accumulates in
Dam water present at some distance. In dam water sample salinity, nitrate, sulphate and iron were
found in higher concentration. Coal mine solid and effluent discharge showed very high
concentration of all the parameters and heavy metals except chlorides and nitrate. In addition two
EHSM-509
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 71
statistical tools Pearson correlation and PCA were also used and their results also revealed strong
positive correlation between these physicochemical parameters. A strong contamination in ground
water samples were found whereas soil of surrounding area was affected with sulphate and
cadmium in major. Coal mine solid and effluent wastes were major causative agents for area’s soil
and water pollution.
Keywords: Coal Mine, Aquifer, Impact Evalution.
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 72
Large-scale application of iron-containing clay in environmental engineering
Zubair Ahmeda , Evgen Shapovalovb, Viktor Stabnikovb, Sergei Zhadanb, Anatoliy Salyukb, Shan
Saleema, and Volodymyr Ivanovb a USPCASW, Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan
bNational University of Food Technologies, 68 Volodymyrska Str., Kiev, Ukraine
Abstract
It was shown in this study that iron-containing clay can be used in large scale to enhance anaerobic
digestion of several million tons of municipal, agricultural, and food-processing organic wastes.
Conventional anaerobic digestion is performed as either solid-phase process with the content of
organic solids above 60% or liquid-phase process with the content of organic solids below 10%.
Both processes have a lot of disadvantages. Meanwhile, a slurry-phase process, in which organic
waste is combined with iron-containing clay and water with the content of organic solids 30 - 40%
can ensure strictly anaerobic conditions and save up to 40% of consumed water in comparison
with the liquid-phase anaerobic digestion. Additionally, clay slurry process creates the favorable
conditions for methanogenesis due to adsorption of ammonium by clay and chemical binding of
other strong inhibitors of methanogenesis such as dihydrogen sulphide and fatty acids anions.
There is no secondary liquid effluent in slurry-phase process because used clay slurry with
adsorbed ammonium and phosphate can be applied directly for the fertilization of sandy soil.
Keyworkds: anaerobic digestion, organic wastes, agriculture wastes, fertilizer.
EHSM-510
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 73
Conversion of Waste Plastic to Synthetic Crude Oil through Pyrolysis
Amir Muhammad*, Junaid Shehzad, Junaid Afridi, Haris Khattak, Mohammad Younas
Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar, P.O. Box
814, University Campus, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
Abstract
Plastics are durable and have a long life. Due to the same fact they have become a major
environmental problem. Over the years tons and tons of plastics have been produced and are
wasted after use. These waste plastics can be converted into petroleum products as both plastics
and petroleum derived products are hydrocarbons. The only difference is that plastics have longer
chains compared to the petroleum products that include LPG, petrol and diesel fuels.
The main objective of our study was to design a reactor for the pyrolysis of the waste plastic to
produce a high grade fuel. Among the solid plastic wastes that used in our study were PET, LDPE,
HDPE and PS. HDPE had the largest fraction by mass in the feed and polystyrene had the lowest
fraction because of their densities. The feed size was reduced to small pieces to increase surface
area. Fast pyrolysis was the dominant process inside reactor which involved high heating rates,
low residences time for the vapours formed and high temperatures up to 650⁰C for a targeted liquid
product. Oil production started at an elapsed time of 103 minutes at a temperature and pressure of
205⁰C and 1 bar gauge pressure. After an additional 23 minutes, 125 ml of liquid synthetic crude
was collected. A concentric tube heat exchanger was used to cool down the vapours. The product
oil produced has brown brickish colour and the properties are comparable to petroleum products
available in market.
Keywords: Plastic wastes; pyrolysis; fuel
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 74
Environment, Health, and Safety: Where We Stand and Where We Need to
Go.
Mahmood Arshad, Muhammad Waqas, Maryum Khan
Abstract:
Environment, health, and safety is a growing concern worldwide. Decision makers, stakeholders,
and pressure groups are getting more critical and rational about the EHS considerations. Even
though Pakistan is a mineral rich country and has a competitive mineral production, the industry
lacks far behind the minimum international EHS standards. This paper develops a critical
comparison of EHS scenario in Pakistan vs the industry leaders in terms of EHS. It establishes a
benchmark of practices, legal framework, and implementation of EHS laws round the globe,
identifies where we stand as of now, highlights the weaknesses of our existing system, and
furnishes recommendations for better EHS compliant future.
Keywords: EHS, Mining, Minerals, Pakistan, EPA
EHSM-512
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 75
GIS based Analysis of Ground Water Quality: A Case Study of Districts of
Punjab- Pakistan
Falak Naeem1, Lubna Ghazal2
1Institute of Environmental Studies, 2 Department of Geography, University of Karachi
[email protected], [email protected]
Abstract
A part of the developing countries retrieved in pursuance of lifting its economic status along with
other disputes to be satisfied, Pakistan, is found to be immersed in a challenging era. As the major
contribution of the agricultural sector towards the country’s economy, it is important to conserve
its requirements and secure its sustainability for a longer period of time. This performed study is
based on use of spatial analysis techniques of Geo-informatics through which hazards and risks
were assessed to the agricultural fields being irrigated by groundwater of the districts of Punjab
province. It was objectified about the quality and availability of groundwater for irrigation and
target was set to monitor the characteristics of groundwater resource through mapping in Arc GIS
environment. The sampled wells were observed in the pre and post monsoon time span of 2006,
2010 and 2013. Secondary data taken from Punjab Irrigation Department estimated 422 selected
sampled areas out of 625 which showed that water was found in the particular wells at varying
depths of 30-68 feet, whereas 63% of wells were immersed in high salinity concentration in the
pre monsoon season of 2006. The Sodium Absorption Ratio (SAR) was found to be in high
concentration in 82 wells in the pre monsoon of the year 2006. While the Residual Sodium
Carbonate (RSC) in the investigated three years, showed increased level of concentration in pre-
season of 2006 of about 34.4 me/L. However, the rainfall trends resulted in fluctuation and relief
of hazardous impacts of these parameters in the subsequent monitored years. The usage of water
with high rise of concentration of salinity, sodium and its carbonates results in deceased growth of
farmland due to loss of land fertility, burning of crops due to change in soil conditions etc. As in
the present world, land utilized for farming is undergoing serious threats, therefore it is concluded
as dire need of time for the strict implication of established laws and regulations to conserve natural
resources and promote sustainable agricultural practices. Recommended measure is to adapt “Drip
Irrigation” as the advantageous solution to the issue.
Keywords: GIS, Groundwater, Salinity, Sodium, Carbonates, Sustainable, Irrigation, Mapping.
EHSM-513
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 76
Successful Installation of Defluoridation Water Treatment Plant in the Thar
Desert, Pakistan
Tahir Rafique1, Muhammad Anas1,2, Sofia Khalique Alvi,1 Khaula Shirin1
1 Applied Chemistry Research Center, PCSIR Laboratories Complex, Karachi, Pakistan 2 Department of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
Abstract
Presence of fluoride in high concentrations in groundwater is quite a frequent problem and occurs
across Groundwater of the Thar Desert areas of Sindh Province in Pakistan is known to have high
fluoride concentration than that of the standards set by WHO for drinking water. The use of such
water for drinking purpose has led to the catastrophic situation in the form of prevalence of an
irreversible disease well known as fluorosis. Adsorption technique has been considered as
preventive measure to control the adverse health effects and consumption of fluoride rich
groundwater for drinking purpose. Sequential studies were carried out to mitigate this problem. In
this concern, a batch to pilot plant approach was adopted using alumina as an adsorbent. Batch
mode studies were conducted to investigate the performance of alumina under optimized condition
of variable of time, dosage, concentration of fluoride, initial pH. In order to evaluate the
mechanism of interaction between solid/liquid phases of alumina and fluoride, different isotherm
and kinetic models were applied on the obtained data which was found to be in good agreement
with these models. Thermodynamic parameters like enthalpy, entropy and Gibbs free energy were
also estimated to assess the feasibility of process. Dynamic mode studies were conducted in
column to estimate break through curve, sorption capacity at break through point, exhaustion point
and desorption studies. Considering the fluoride level in drinking water as per the guidelines of
WHO, the threshold, was set at 1.5 mg/L for break through curve studies. Desorption efficiency
of NaOH solution of various strength was also optimized and 1% strength was found to be very
efficient in this case. Different models for fixed bed column were also applied to study the dynamic
solid/liquid phases of alumina and fluoride.
After successful application of Alumina in batch and column mode, a pilot scale plant was
developed with a bed depth of 60 kg. Two cycles of adsorption were carried out to estimate break
through point followed by desorption studies after each cycle. The obtained results provided
worthwhile information to infer an estimated efficiency and in designing a real time Defluoridation
Water Treatment Plant which has been installed in a fluoride affected area of Thar Desert for
provision of fluoride safe drinking water to local masses.
EHSM-514
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 77
Efficient imprinted materials for the selective recognition of targeted toxic
ions in aqueous system
Ameet Kumara, Aamna Baloucha
aNational Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh Jamshoro, Pakistan
Abstract:
The anthropogenic activity has extremely increased the concentration of toxic heavy metals into
the environment and it became a great challenge for life on earth. Toxic heavy metals are
undesirable pollutants which are directly or indirectly enter into the environment and ecological
system due to release of industrial wastewater. Therefore there is need to develop a highly selective
and reliable novel material for the removal and separation of toxic ion from different
environmental samples. Various methods have long been applied to separate toxic metals but
recently ion imprinting polymers have attained a great attention in modern science for the selective
removal of ions.
Aim of the work is to synthesis precise, accurate, and inexpensive Ion Imprinted Polymers in term
of reagent consumption and equipment involved as compared to previously reported methods.
Chromium (VI) imprinted polymer and Nickel (II) imprinted polymer was synthesized by utilizing
1-vinylimidazole as a ligand, MAA (methacrylic acid) as a functional monomer, EGDMA
(ethylene glycol dimethacrylic acid) as a cross linker, AIBN was initiator and the solvent was
methanol and acetonitrile (1:1) and finally reaction was proceed for 12 hours at 150rpm 600C.
After successful synthesis, the prepared materials was characterized by using Fourier transform
infrared (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy
(EDX) to check functional group, morphology and elemental composition respectively.
The prepared IIPS was utilized for removal of chromium and nickel ion from contaminated water
samples by batch adsorption process. Thereafter the adsorption isotherms (Langmuir and
freundlich), kinetic (Pseudo first and second order), thermodynamic studies were carried out to
understand the basic phenomenon of interaction during the adsorption reaction, Selectivity studies
was also done to check the selectivity of imprinted polymer and the imprinted polymer was also
applied on real water samples.
Keywords: toxic ions, imprinted materials, aqueous system.
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 78
Arsenic Removal from Ground Water through untreated Rice Husk Bed
A.Qudoos1, S.Farman1, A.Sikander1, M.Saeed1, M.Khan1 , K.Junaid1 1 Mehran University of Engineering and Technology Jamshoro Pakistan
Email: [email protected]
Abstract
Arsenic contamination in Ground Water i.e., drinking water is major concern of interest of
researchers. Arsenic (As) cause health concerns due to its significant toxicity and worldwide
presence in drinking water and groundwater. Researchers, scientists, engineers had introduced
different technologies for removal of arsenic from drinking water (ground water). like Lime
precipitation, Coagulation/filtration Adsorptive media, Ion exchange , Reverse osmosis and many
others .Conventional techniques are very expensive so researcher had also find that biomaterials (
rice husk , jute , apple peels , tomato peels , banana peels , coconut shell , sugarcane bagasse etc.
) has potential to remove arsenic from ground water. Remoulded adsorption Rice Husk bed has
shown remarkable importance of Rice Husk in the removal of arsenic from ground water at
optimized conditions. At optimal design parameters such as Bed height 30 cm , Inside diameter of
column 4cm , over all column height 1.5 m and flow rate 20.94 min/ml rice husk bed column
showed Arsenic removal efficiency in to two section . During 1st 30 minutes removal efficiency
was 66.67-81.25 % and then after 1 hour it was 80- 90%. Removal efficiency was increasing with
increase in inlet concentration. Along with potential to remove arsenic , Rice husk has also effected
different parameters like pH, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) Electrical Conductivity and
Temperature.
Key Words: Ground water, Arsenic, Rice Husk , Removal efficiency.
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Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 79
Low Cost Environmental Friendly Water Desalination through DC Power
Electro dialysis for Arid and Semi Arid Regions
Muhammad Awaisa, Shaheen Azizb, Suhail Ahmed Soomroc,
Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering & Technology Jamshoro, 7605,
Sindh Pakistan
Abstract
Water is a basic need of humans, plants and animals but the availability of water is becoming very
scarce day by day in the global scenario. Large population of Pakistan is living in arid and semi-
arid region. They are dependent on underground water and unfortunately, underground water
aquifers are also become saline because of draught and lack of ground water availability. The
saline water may be treated by desalination process but it requires energy resource while we are
facing shortage of energy. D.C Power electro dialysis is the best technique that requires less energy
to desalt the water. Heterogeneous cationic and anionic exchange membrane was prepared in the
Chemical Engineering laboratory from polyester mesh with pore size 40μm & 80μm interleaved
with alternating concentrate and dilute solution compartments and ending at both sides with an
electrode compartment. The parameters that were important for desalination were voltage supplied
to electrodes. Two samples with same parameters respectively were desalinated using their
respective membranes pairs in the developed cell at 8,10,12,14 volts. This technology will replace
the other conventional technologies of water desalination and result in the cheap water availability
for drinking & irrigation purpose in water scare regions of Pakistan.
Keywords: Brackish Water, DC Power, electro dialysis, electrodes, low cost, arid & semi arid
regions
EHSM-517
1st International Conference on Sustainable Mineral Resource Development
& Utilization 12-13th February, 2019 SMRDU’19 ___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 80
Utilization of Pleurotus eryngii biosorbent as an environmental bioremedy for
the decontamination of trace cadmium(II) ions from water system
Farah Amin* Farah Naz Talpur, Aamna Balouch, Hassan Imran Afridi
National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan
Abstract
In many parts of the world, cadmium metal concentration in drinking water is higher than some
international guideline values. To reduce its level below the safety limit, a sustainable and
environmental friendly approach is crucial. Thereby, present article introduce an efficient, non-
pathogenic and a novel fungal biosorbent Pleurotus eryngii for the removal of Cd(II) ions from
aqueous system. The efficiency of P. eryngii were improved and optimized by investigating many
significant factors such as; pH, biosorbent dose, initial Cd(II) ion concentration, temperature and
contact time. Approx. 99.9% removal of Cd(II) ions were achieved at pH 5.0, dosage 0.2 g / 10
mL, concentration 20 mg L-1, time 10 min and temperature 50 °C. The isotherm and kinetic
models revealed bioremediation of Cd(II) ions as monolayer coverage with biosorption capacity
of 1.51 mg g−1 following pseudo second order reaction. Moreover, thermodynamic parameters
such as ∆G°, ∆H°, and ∆S° showed that the removal of Cd(II) ions is spontaneous and endothermic
in nature. Batch elution process revealed that the complete elution of Cd(II) ions from the biomass
were achieved using 0.1 N HNO3 solution. The sorption efficiency decreased from 99.99 to
56.89% as the biomass were re-cycled up to 5 times. The efficiency of Cd(II) ions removal from
real water samples lies between 85 to 90%. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometry,
scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopic (EDS) and atomic
force microscopic (AFM) analysis of fungal biomass confirmed that the Cd(II) ions were the most
abundant species on the biomass surface after the sorption process.
Key words: Bioremediation, cadmium, isotherms, kinetics, Pleurotus eryngii, thermodynamics
EHSM-518
1st International Conference on Sustainable Mineral Resource Development
& Utilization 12-13th February, 2019 SMRDU’19 ___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
Coal Research and Resource Centre, Chemical Engineering Department Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan P a g e | 81
Assessment of Medium Density Fiber (MDF) Board process for cleaner
production
Shoukat Ali Abbassi, Sheeraz Memon, Saad Memon, Fahad Hussain Noonari
Email: [email protected]
Abstract
Al Noor is one of the leading manufacturing industry which manufactures MDF board from the
initial stage to the final stage. MDF board is one of the widely preferred and used wood plywood
board in the world. Since its creation, it has its great significance of use among the users. MDF
board production is thoroughly discussed in this research mentioning all involving manufacturing
steps and procedures in the industry. The amount of mass that is measured in the section above,
tells about the usage of MDF in the country alone, the demand is high and the product quality and
quantity have to be up to the mark. An energy source is required to fulfill the demand of the
production units to make sure the fiber boards are produced without any interruption. This energy
can be extracted out using the waste product resulting in a recycling of the mass material
categorized as waste. This will allow the company to decrease the amount of waste unloads in the
outside atmosphere. So the option for the company or the industry to make sure that the mass and
energy are in balance is to recycle as much waste as they can.
Apart of using gluing agent urea formaldehyde in resin, the use of formaldehyde is also done in
surface polishing and lamination of MDF boards. To minimize the harmful effect of emission of
formaldehyde from MDF board, a method is evolved called desiccator method in which there is
applied a surface limitation material which is actually a coat of PVC with polypropylene film on
MDF board. It has been checked and confirmed that the MDF board (with sealed edges) on which
desiccator method is applied shows decrease in formaldehyde emissions up to 57.8%. It is
concluded in the thesis how the particular type of resin used i.e. urea formaldehyde can be
effectively used for less harmful emissions of formaldehyde and another hazardous effect by
adding scavengers into it.
Keywords: MDF, cleaner production, formaldehyde
EHSM-519
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