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ANALISIS DE REGISTROS ELECTRICOSEVALUACION DE FORMACIONES
(a hueco abierto)
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HISTORICAL SLBHISTORICAL SLB
FIRST ElectricLOG
Pechelbronn,France 1927
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HISTORICAL SLBHISTORICAL SLB
The first logging truck
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(Adquisicin y) PROCESAMIENTO DE D
RESERVORIO
OBJETIVO: Evaluacin de Formaciones / Ya
PERFILES
Herramientas
Principios BASICOS de funcionamiento / medi Aplicaciones (cualitativas, cuantitativas)
Ecuaciones (parmetros)
CARACTERISTICAS PETROFISICAS
CORONAS
ENSAYOS CONTROL GEOLOGICO (Mud Logging)
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EVALUACION DE FORMACIONES / YA
SP CORES Descripcin (X ray, Th. Sec)CCA (Phi, K, GD, Sw)
GR (NGT) SCAL (Kr, Swi, Shcr, , OB)
IND / RES TEST RFT / MDT (Pres, fluidos, Mob)DST (fluidos, K*h)
RHOB - NPHIMUD LOG Cutting (litologa, fluidos)
DT Co GAS (cromatografa)Sh, St ROP
IMGENESNT (CMR, C/O)
RAW DATA NON-LOG DATA
ECUACIONES(parmetros)
TECNOLOGIA a mano bacos calculadoras com
INTERPRETE ! ! !
cor
re
lac
i
n
porosidad
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04/12/2002 Principios Bsicos. D. Astesiano
Preparacin de da
1/3 o 1/2 del tiempo total de anlisis. Subestimado
Missing data Pseudocurvas
Depth matching Pozos viejos (no combos)
Correcciones ambientales Borehole (caliper, presin y temperatura de F
salinidad agua de Fm)
GR, Deep Res, Ne
Normalizacin Logs viejos (Batch processin
histogramas.
Post 1980 no es importante
Cuidado con la heterogenei
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04/12/2002 Principios Bsicos. D. Astesiano
Preparacin de da
Coronas Depth shift. GR, Phi
Rec alta Fcil
Rec baja Problemtica y
Zonacin preliminar Geolgica:Formacion
secuencias
Quicklook : Zonas no -
anomalas ...)
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04/12/2002 Principios Bsicos. D. Astesiano
Modelos de interpre
Determinstico Secuencial (step
Quicklook orden de magnitud, weviejos, sin calibracin con coronas u otr
Correccin de ambiente, Vsh, , Sw, K
Multimineral Matricial Relacin ecuaciones / incgnitas.
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CoreConventional analysis
Special analysis
Photos
Petrographic studies
Mapping
Petrophysics
Fundamental objectivesSw
K
N:G
LogsConventional
Special purpos
RFTs
Volumetr
(static)
Dynamic dataWell tests
Production data
RFTs
Geology
Simulatio
(dynamic
Development Decisions
And
Cost Effective Exploitati
The central role of Petrophysics is to INTEGRATE ALL DATA relevant to o. Sw and k
Intergrated Petrophysics is:
Collating and analyzing all pertinet data
Empirical: predicting Unknowns from Knowns by correlation
Part rock part fluid: midway between the rocks and fluids
Departments (Eploration & Production)
Never complete: lack of factS, understanding or time
More difficult with more data, but betterHard to sell: less data.... Less argument...less work
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Major Petrophysical Difficulties
Low porosities (
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Types and Scales of Res
GIGA MEGA
INTERPRETATION
GEOLOGICAL
ENGINEERING
SEISMIC
PRODUCTION
PRESSURE TRANSIEN
GOAL: Early Integrati
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Microscropy
Plug Analysis
Full Diameter
Well Logs
Depth of Investigation
Vertica
lResolution
SCALEINCREASE
Petrophysical technologies used in rese
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Introduccin a la caracterizacin de reservorios de hidrocar
Necesarias para su determinacin que puede ser extensible
Depositaciones. La tabla 4 presenta un esquema de estas re
De costos comparativo.
Relacin entre informacin, calidad del dato y costo compa
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Ojo humano sin ayuda mirando una corona feteada de 4 pulgadas a una distancia de 60 cm# Detector de 3 pulgadas de dimetro aplicado a una corona de 4 pulgadas
n/a no aplicable
Caractersticas de distintas mediciones (modific
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CONTROL PANELS
COMPUTER
RECORDERCABLE WINCH
DEPTH
MEASUREMENT
WIRELINE
WIRELINE
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Schlumberger depth
Loggers depth is more precise
depth. Drillers depth does not
stretch.
Accuracy: +/- 5ft in 10,000
Repeatability: +/- 2ft in 10,000
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SLB TodaySLB Today
Contemporary LoggingSetup
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Schlum
Schlum
Schlu
Schlu
MAXIS
Modular MAXIS
SLB TodaySLB Today
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InterACT
A MAXIS service allowing real time transmission of logging da
from the wellsite to be viewed at the customers office PC
HISTORICAL SLBHISTORICAL SLB
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Historical PerspectiveHistorical Perspective
1912 - Electrical Prospecting from surface
1927 - First Electrical Coring in
Pechelbronn
1929 - Commercial Logging Ven., US, Russia
1933 - Electrical Logging
30s - Core Sample Takers
40s - SP, Improved Resistivity, Dipmeters
50s - Microlog, Laterolog, Induction, Sonic
Fluid Samplers
60s - Neutron Porosity,Bulk Density
70s - Tool Combinations, Data recording
80s - CyberService Unit. Digital Telemetry,
Imaging tools, LWD,TLC 90s - Maxis 500, PEx, MDT, CMR,
DSI, FMI, Minimum Configuration
Maxis, real time data transmission
00s - the skys the limit
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Evaluation ServicesEvaluation Services
Reservoir evaluation: , k, Vsh, SwGeological evaluation
Geophysical evaluation
ElectricalNuclear
Acoustic
Magnetic
Resonance
ImagingSeismic
Formation
pressure &
samples
Fluid saturation SwPorosity
Lithology
Shaliness Vsh,
Porosity Mechanical properties
Porosity
Permeability k
GeologicalGeophysical
Permeability k
Physical samples
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CALI_1
IN6 16
GR_1
GAPI0 200
SP_2
MV-80 20
XX75
XX00
XX25
XX50
XX55.0
DEPTHMETRES
SFLU_1
OHMM0.2 200
ILM_1
OHMM0.2 200
ILD_1
OHMM0.2 200
NPHI_2
V/V0.45 -0.15
RHOB_1
G/C31.95 2.95
DT_1
US/F140
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Pf
Pm
Pm Pf INVASION
Pm >> Pf Fractura (admision)
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INVASION PROCESS
Sand
Shale
Sand
Sand
Shale
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Before Invasio
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During Invasio
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After Invasion
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MudHole
External Filter Cake
Bridging Zone
Zone Invaded bythe Mud Spurt
UncontaminatedFormation
B
orehole
Flow
PORE BRIDGING (MODIFIED AFTER DARLEY, 1975)
A-DOWNHOLE VIEW OF PARTICLE INVASION DEMONSTRATEHOW INITIAL FLUSHING CAN CLOG PORE THROATS
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Basic Ma terial
Symbols Used in Log Interpretation
Schlumberger
Gen-3
dhHole
diameter
didj
h
rj
(Invasion diameters)
Adjacent bed
Zone oftransition
orannulus
Flushed
zone
Adjacent bed
(Bedthickness)
Mud
hmc
dh
Rm
Rs
Rs
Resistivity of the zone
Resistivity of the water in the zone
Water saturation in the zone
Rmc
Mudcake
Rmf
Sxo
Rxo
Rw
Sw
Rt
Uninvadedzone
Schlumberger
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