2. What was the major reason the original settlers of Plymouth Colony, Maryland, and Pennsylvania came
to America?
• Secure freedom from religious persecution
3. As settlers from various nations arrived in the New World, they
interacted differently with natives. What was the major difference
between the French and British?
• French treated natives with more respect and intermarried with some tribes
5. Why were the Virginia House of Burgesses, the Mayflower
Compact, and the John Peter Zenger trial significant?
• Was a landmark in the growth of democracy in colonial America
7. What were the results (effects) of the French and Indian War?
• France lost Canada
• Great Britain incurred high costs
• Great Britain made a decision to enforce the mercantile system
8. How did the British mercantile system work?
• The mother country’s interest prevailed over those of the colonies
9. What is salutary neglect?
• “You cannot demand what you cannot enforce”
• If you cannot enforce a rule don’t make the rule
10. What was the major objection(s) that British colonists in
North America had with English rule?
• Denied the rights if citizens who lived in England and taxed without representation
11. What main idea behind the pamphlet “Common Sense” that
influenced many colonists?
• Stand on their own as an independent nation
12. According to the Declaration of Independence, what is the
fundamental purpose of government?
• Protect people’s natural rights
13. Know the dates of the following series of events: Declaration of Independence, French & Indian
War, and Boston Tea Party.
• French & Indian War, Boston Tea Party, Declaration of Independence
14. What battle is considered the “turning point” of the Revolutionary
War? Why?
• Battle of Saratoga
• Gained French allies
15. What was effect of the American Revolution on the role of
women?
• The status of women generally went back to the way it was before the war
16. What were the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation?
• Decentralized and could not enforce actions
17. Why do some say that the Constitution was the product of
compromises?
• It is a series of compromises (voting power between small and large states and free and slave states)
18. What is the purpose of system of checks and balances?
• Ensure that one branch of government would not gain too much power
20. What was the fundamental reason for the addition of the Bill of
Rights to the United States Constitution?
• Protect individual liberty
21. What did the Land Ordinance of 1785 and the Northwest Ordinance
of 1787 do?
• Process for western land settlement
22. What were the major accomplishments of George Washington’s Presidency?
• Keeping the nation out of foreign entanglements and appointing the first official cabinet members
23. What did Americans gain from the Pinckney Treaty?
• Americans could land goods at the part of New Orleans and ship them out again without paying taxes
24. What did Justice Marshall successfully argue in Marbury v.
Madison?
• The Supreme Court could declare federal laws unconstitutional
25. Who were the leaders of the first political parties and who were
their supporters?
• Federalists: John Adams & Alexander Hamilton
• Democratic-Republicans: Thomas Jefferson & James Madison
27. What were the effects of the War of 1812?
• A surge of nationalism
• Ushered in the “Era of Good Feeling”
28. Why was the Monroe Doctrine established?
• To warn that the Western Hemisphere was closed to any additional European colonization
29. What were the issues confronted by President Andrew
Jackson?
• American westward expansion through Native American lands
• Crisis over nullification
• National tariff
30. How did democracy expand during the Age of Jackson?
• Property ownership was no longer a requirement to vote
31. What was the Trail of Tears?
• Forced removal of Native Americans to U.S. Indian Territory in the 1830’s
32. Who was Chief Osceola?
• Seminole chief who resisted the removal of his people by fighting a guerilla war in the swamps of Florida beginning in 1835
33. What were the consequences of Nat Turner’s Rebellion in Virginia
in 1813?
• Increased fear among Southern slave holders of a violent and massive slave revolt
34. What was the American System?
• Henry Clay’s platform that provided for a high tariff on imports to finance internal improvements
35. Why did industry develop in the North rather than the South in
antebellum America?
• Conditions in the north especially in New England were especially favorable to the factory system (water power, labor)
36. What did the Missouri Compromise, the Compromise of 1850, and the Kansas-Nebraska
Act try to accomplish?
• Settled dispute over the spread of slavery to the western territories
38. What contributed to the causes of the Mexican War?
• The election of 1944
• Mexican anger over the Republic of Texas
• American design on California
39. Support for Democratic – Republicans tended to come from
which region of the country?
• Frontier
40. How did Democratic-Republicans interpret the
Constitution?
• Strict (word for word) interpretation
42. What did the following people have in common? John Brown,
Harriet Tubman, and William Llyod Garrison
• Abolitionist
• Wanted to end slavery
44. What were the sectional differences developed in the United
States?
• Economic conditions and interests in each region varied
45. What was the contribution of Horace Mann to the American
experience?
• Support for public schools
47. What were the circumstances of the following cases: Scott v. Sanford (1857) and Plessy v.
Ferguson (1896)?
• Demonstrates the Supreme Court sometimes failed to protect the rights
48. What were some similarities in Andrew Jackson’s and Abraham
Lincoln’s presidencies?
• Upheld the power of the federal government
49. During the Civil War, what were the North’s advantages over the
South?
• More factories
• A larger population
• Miles of railroad system
51. Radical Republicans in Congress after the Civil War pushed for what
conditions/laws?
• Union military occupation in former Confederate States
• Suffrage for African Americans • Union control of former Confederate
estates and plantations
52. What was the purpose of poll taxes, literacy tests and the Ku
Klux Klan?
• Limit the effectives of the 14th &15th amendments
53. What was sharecropping?
• The agricultural system in which a family cultivated land it did not own keeping a small part of whatever was growing and paying the rest as rent
54. How did industrialization proceed in the South after the Civil
War?
• Despite the introduction of heavily industry the South still lagged far behind the North
55. What initiated the conflict between the Plains Indians and
American settlers?
• The encroachment of ranchers, miners, and farmers onto Native American territories
56. During the 1860s and 1870s, what were the federal government’s policies toward Native Americans?
• Based on the view that Native Americans were obstacles to white progress
57. What is laissez-faire capitalism?
• “Prices and wages should be determined by the market place”
• No government interference
59. What is the message in the cartoon?
• President Johnson is subdued and living out his administration without incident
60. How did Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation affect the war?
• It applied only to the Confederate areas over which the federal government had no control
• It served notice that slavery would be abolished in Confederate areas when they were under Union control
• It was formulated as a war measure by a political leader
61. What is a similarity between the “old” and “new” immigrant groups?
• Primarily drawn to the United States by economic motives
63. Why did deflation during the late 1800s hurt farmers?
• Deflation made it difficult for farmers to sell their crops in the market place
64. In the United States, what was a major population trend during the late
1800s?
• Movement of people from the farms to the cities
65. What is the purpose of the Interstate Commerce Act (1887) and the Sherman Antitrust Act
(1890)?
• Eliminate unfair business practices
66. How did Populists believe economic problems in the United
States could be solved?
• Currency reform
67. What did Booker T. Washington believe was the best way for blacks to improve their status in the U.S.?
• Accommodate themselves to segregation and disfranchisement while at the same time working hard and providing economic value to society
69. What was a main goal of the Granger movement of the 1870s
and 1880s?
• Force the railroads to lower freight rates
70. What events occurred during the 1760-1826 period in American
history?
• Political parties appeared in the U.S. for the first time
• The first National Bank was established
• Two wars against the British were conducted
72. Southern colonies developed an economy based on cash crops
that led to?
• The rise of plantations
• Demand for slavery
• Increased agriculture
73. What was the major purpose of the Homestead Act of 1862?
• Encourage settlement of public lands for farming
74. The railroad was important to the open-range cattle industry because ranchers and stock
dealers could?
• Sell longhorns that were then shipped east to market for a huge profit
75. What idea does the picture depict?
• Manifest Destiny
76. What caused an increase in agricultural production?
• Steel plow
• Construction of roads and canals
• Construction of railroads
• Invention of the McCormick reaper
77. John D. Rockefeller’s business partner in Standard Oil Co. and builder of the Florida East Coast
Railroad was?
• Henry Flagler
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