When FDR was elected he promised bold, persistent
experimentation People didnt know what he meant but they knew he
would do something Relief, recovery, and reform programs set up by
the FDR administration First hundred days Roosevelt pushed programs
through congress Provide relief Create jobs Stimulate the
economy
Slide 3
Banks were closed for 4 days to be inspected to see if they
were healthy Most banks were healthy Brought confidence to the
people and they began to put money back in the banks FDIC- Federal
Deposit Insurance Corporation Insured bank deposits
Slide 4
Federal Securities Act- required companies to provide info
about their finances if they offered stock for sale Securities and
Exchange Commission (SEC) Regulated the stock market Federal
Emergency Relief Administration (FERA) Sent funds to agencies to
create jobs
Slide 5
Public Works program Government funded projects to build public
facilities Civil Works Administration- built or improved roads,
parks, airports etc 4 million employees Civilian Conservation Corps
2.5 million young unmarried men Maintaining forests, beaches, and
parks Made $30 a month, lived in camps rent free Received food,
medical care, and job training
Slide 6
National Recovery Administration (NRA) Regulated wages,
controlled working conditions, production and prices, set a minimum
wage Organized labor had collective bargaining
Slide 7
The Home Owners Loan Corporation (HOLC) Refinanced mortgages to
make it easier to pay Agricultural Adjustment Administration (AAA)
Tried to raise farm prices with government assistance Tennessee
Valley Authority (TVA) Provided cheap electric power with
Hydroelectric power facility
Slide 8
Roosevelt appointed many new people to office including women
and African Americans His wife Eleanor worked side by side with him
reporting conditions and working on social reforms Many were
impressed with the New Deal but it did not bring about significant
change
Slide 9
Included more social welfare benefits, stricter controls over
business, stronger support for unions and higher taxes for the rich
FDR expanded on many of the agencies to give more relief
Slide 10
Wagner Act Legalized collective bargaining and closed shops
Which allowed workplaces to only allowed to union workers Outlawed
spying on union activities and blacklisting National Labor
Relations Board (NLRB)- set up to enforce provisions NLRB v Jones
and Laughlin (1939) The Supreme Court upheld the Wagner Act
Slide 11
1935- Congress passed the Social Security Act Old age pensions
Unemployment insurance Aid for dependent children, the blind, and
disabled
Slide 12
Minimum wage at $0.25/ hour- less than what some people were
already making Less helpful to women and minorities than white
men
Slide 13
New deal permitted lower wages for women Relief and job
programs were geared toward men Jobs went to men or head of
families unless they couldnt work
Slide 14
New Deal public works projects reinforced segregation not
offered professional positions Kept out of skilled labor jobs
Received lower wages than whites New deal did nothing to stop
discriminatory practices Whites would only hire whites African
Americans boycotted dont shop where you cant work Senate got rid of
a bill that made lynching a federal crime
Slide 15
FDR appointed African Americans to policy making posts FDR
seemed genuinely concerned about the fate of African Americans Led
to strong support for FDR from African Americans
Slide 16
Does too much The rich were taxed- based on income and price of
house Claimed in penalized successful, hardworking people American
Liberty League- Led by Alfred E Smith Said New Deal limited
individual freedom in an un-American manner Often called it
bolshevism
Slide 17
Does not do enough Upton Sinclair believed US was in a
permanent crisis Entire economic system needed to be reformed Ran
for governor of California Lost- was painted as a socialist and
associated with communism
Slide 18
Father Coughlin Called himself the radio priest and had a huge
following in Detroit Advocated the nationalization (government
ownership of banks and redistribution of wealth) of government
Supported FDR and the New Deal but later denounced him on the radio
and National Union for Social Justice Called FDR Franklin
Double-crossing Roosevelt and great betrayer and liar Began to
issue anti-Jewish statements and praised Hitler and Mussolini
People became alarmed and he was ordered to stop his radio
show
Slide 19
Huey Long Lawyer and grew up in southern poverty Never used
racial attacks to build power Worked to help underprivileged by
improving education, medical care, and public services Wanted to
redistribute wealth by Share-Our-Wealth Personal income could not
exceed 1 million Inheritance could not exceed 5 million The money
taken would go to make sure all families had a minimum $5,000
household estate and minimum annual income of $2,500 Also wanted
shorter working hours, more veteran benefits, payments for
education, and pensions for the elderly
Slide 20
Some people believe the New Deal actually hindered economic
progress Was too powerful of a federal government Hurt the idea of
a free market economy Used heavy taxes Use of deficit spending -
spending more money than what the government receives in
revenues
Slide 21
FDR wanted to appoint 6 new Supreme Court Judges There was
strong opposition to this because people thought he just wanted to
appoint judges who would side with him