Cold War1945-1989
STRUGGLE BETWEEN DEMOCRACY AND COMMUNISM
What was the Cold War?
Conflict between the communists and democratic nations
Communists were led by the Soviet Union
Democratic nations led by the United States
Source: http://www.funfront.net/hist/europe/coldwar.htm
Brussels Treaty
Signed March 17th, 1948 Signed by Belgium,
France, Luxemburg, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom
Established the Western Union Support in economic,
social, and cultural matters
Source: http://www.ena.lu/signing-brussels-treaty-brussels-17-march-1948-020704497.html
Signing of the Treaty of Brussels
National Atlantic Treaty Organization
April 4, 1949 12 Nations joined
United States, Canada, Iceland, Denmark, Norway, Portugal, Italy, Britain, France, Belgium, the Netherlands and Luxemburg
Members of the organization all agreed that Russian Communism would become a threat to the democratic world
Result: European countries came together under American control.
Source: http://www.funfront.net/hist/europe/coldwar.htm#The North Atlantic Treaty Organization
Causes of the Cold War
Ideological United States- rights to form political parties, right of assembly,
of speech, and of the press Soviet Union- No right to form political parties, right of speech,
assembly, and press No compromise between them because the governments were
different Economical
United States- free trade worldwide Soviet Union- no interaction with other countries in the trading
industry Russia was afraid that if they traded with the west, they would’ve
became weaker as a country because of western ways of life
Source: http://www.funfront.net/hist/europe/coldwar.htm#CAUSES OF THE COLD WAR
Causes of the Cold War (cont.)
Power Opposition Power was mostly shared between the U.S. and Soviet
Union after WWII Each country wanted to take over one another This caused the two countries to battle
Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan
Source: http://www.funfront.net/hist/europe/coldwar.htm#CAUSES OF THE COLD WAR
Truman Doctrine
Address presented by President Harry S. Truman Asked for $400 million in
military and economic support from Turkey and Greece
March 12, 1947 "It must be the policy of the
United States to support free peoples who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed minorities or by outside pressures."
- President Harry Truman
http://www.classbrain.com/artteenst/publish/article_112.shtml
President Harry S. Truman signing a document.
Marshall Plan (ERP)
Three months after the Truman Doctrine was signed
Also known as the European Recovery Program(ERP)
George C. Marshall came up with the idea of offering American financial aid for European economic recovery
President Truman signed the first bill for $5,300,000,000
On December 31st of 1951, the European Recovery Program ended and had spent about $12,500,000,000
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/USAmarshallP.htm
Conflicts during the Cold War
Conflicts
Bay of Pigs Invasion
Cuban Missile Crisis
Korean War
Vietnam War
Bay of Pigs Invasion
April 17, 1961 Led by and paid for by the
United States for Cuban exiles April 15th, three U.S. planes
flown by Cubans bombed Cuban air bases
Planned by U.S. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)
Happened because Dwight D. Eisenhower broke ties with Cuba
Against a dictator named Fidel Castro in Cuba.
It was unsuccessfulhttp://library.thinkquest.org/11046/days/bay_of_pigs.html
Cuban Missile Crisis
October 1962 The Soviet Union was building
secret missile bases in Cuba President John F. Kennedy sent
a blockade to Cuba to prevent any Russian ship bring more missiles, weapons, etc.
Soviet Union wanted to feel more powerful than the United States
Finally after a month, Russian Premier Nikita S, Khrushchev agreed to withdraw all Soviet bombs and missiles
http://www.hpol.org/jfk/cuban/
Vietnam War 1957
Vietnam is split into two sections, Communist and non-Communist
Ngo Dinh Diem South Vietnam leader Became a disgrace and was unpopular
Diem continues to recruit more and more troops as years went on
May 1963 Buddhist Population rebels against
Diem because they thought he was getting in the way of their religious practices
United States joined S. Vietnam after an attack against the U.S. destroyers, Maddox and C. Turner Joy, off the coast of N. Vietnam
The war continued to grow until S. Vietnam surrenders to North Vietnam in 1975http://library.thinkquest.org/22059/conflict/
U.S. Destroyer Maddox
U.S. Destroyer C. Turner Joy
Korean War 1945
The U.S. and Soviet Union agreed to split up Korea into two sections, North and South
1950 Tension began to build because
of the efforts put into reuniting the country failed
June 25, North Koreans invaded South Korea, and South Korea(occupied by United States) responded within a few hours
1951 Peace talks began. On and off.
http://library.thinkquest.org/22059/conflict/
THE END!
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