ZXR10 2900E Product Description
Transcript of ZXR10 2900E Product Description
ZXR10 2900E Product
Description
ZXR10 2900E Product Description
ZTE Confidential Proprietary 1
ZXR10 2900E Product Description_
Version Date Author Reviewer Notes
V1.0 2011/9/25 LIUSHENG YUANZHIYONG Not open to the third party
V1.1 2011/10/14 LIUSHENG YUANZHIYONG
Add high light description for ipv6 and OAM
Add feature description for
LLDP,UDLD,VOICE VLAN
V1.2 2011/12/29 LIUSHENG YUANZHIYONG Fit to the new template
V1.3 2012/03/19 LIUSHENG YUANZHIYONG Add ZXR10 2928E-PS description
V1.4 2012/07/28 LIUSHENG YUANZHIYONG SYN hardware description
V1.5 2012/12/05 LIUSHENG YUANZHIYONG ZHUOMUNIAO modification
© 2011 ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved.
ZTE CONFIDENTIAL: This document contains proprietary information of ZTE and is not to be disclosed or used
without the prior written permission of ZTE.
Due to update and improvement of ZTE products and technologies, information in this document is subjected to
change without notice.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 Overview ............................................................................................................ 5
2 Highlights ........................................................................................................... 6
2.1 Energy saving, green and silent ........................................................................... 6
2.2 Easy deployment and easy management ............................................................ 6
2.3 Flexible networking .............................................................................................. 7
2.4 POE ..................................................................................................................... 7
2.5 Improve video service experience ........................................................................ 7
2.6 Perfect security design ......................................................................................... 8
2.7 Diverse VLAN features......................................................................................... 8
2.8 Overall supervision .............................................................................................. 9
2.9 Bidirectional ACL ................................................................................................. 9
2.10 Precision user locating ......................................................................................... 9
2.11 Ethernet OAM .................................................................................................... 10
3 Functions ......................................................................................................... 11
3.1 Basic service functions....................................................................................... 11
3.1.1 MAC address management ............................................................................... 11
3.1.2 VLAN ................................................................................................................. 12
3.1.3 STP features ...................................................................................................... 13
3.1.4 Link aggregation ................................................................................................ 13
3.1.5 Basic Ethernet features ...................................................................................... 14
3.2 Value-Added Service (VAS) ............................................................................... 15
3.2.1 DHCP-based batch upgrade .............................................................................. 15
3.2.2 IPTV................................................................................................................... 16
3.2.3 ACL.................................................................................................................... 16
3.2.4 SFLOW .............................................................................................................. 17
3.2.5 RSPAN .............................................................................................................. 18
3.2.6 Global counter ................................................................................................... 18
3.2.7 IP source guard ................................................................................................. 19
3.2.8 Dynamic ARP Inspection (DAI) .......................................................................... 19
3.2.9 LLDP .................................................................................................................. 19
3.2.10 UDLD ................................................................................................................. 20
3.2.11 Voice vlan .......................................................................................................... 20
3.2.12 802.1x authentication ......................................................................................... 20
3.2.13 Ring protection ................................................................................................... 21
3.2.14 ZESS smart switching ........................................................................................ 22
3.2.15 MButton ............................................................................................................. 22
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4 System Architecture........................................................................................ 24
4.1 Appearance ....................................................................................................... 24
4.2 Hardware Architecture ....................................................................................... 25
4.2.1 Overall Hardware Architecture ........................................................................... 25
4.2.2 Working Principle of Hardware System .............................................................. 26
4.2.3 Introduction to Card ........................................................................................... 26
4.3 Software Architecture ......................................................................................... 28
4.3.1 Operation Support Sub-system .......................................................................... 29
4.3.2 MUX Sub-system ............................................................................................... 30
4.3.3 L2 Sub-system ................................................................................................... 30
4.3.4 NM and Maintenance Sub-system ..................................................................... 31
5 Technical Indexes and Specifications ........................................................... 32
5.1 Physical Indexes ................................................................................................ 32
5.2 Basic Specifications ........................................................................................... 34
6 Operation and Maintenance ............................................................................ 37
6.1 NetNumen U31 Integrated NM Platform ............................................................. 37
6.1.1 NM Networking .................................................................................................. 37
6.1.2 NetNumen U31 NM System ............................................................................... 38
7 Comprehensive Networking Applications ..................................................... 41
7.1 Community Access for Enterprise network ......................................................... 41
7.2 Corridor Access for MAN ................................................................................... 42
8 Abbreviations .................................................................................................. 43
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FIGURES
Figure 3-1 QinQ .................................................................................................................13
Figure 3-2 sFlow frame ......................................................................................................17
Figure 3-3 ZESS network topology ....................................................................................22
Figure 4-1 ZXR10 2910E-PS .............................................................................................24
Figure 4-2 ZXR10 2918E ...................................................................................................24
Figure 4-3 ZXR10 2918E-PS .............................................................................................24
Figure 4-4 ZXR10 2928E ...................................................................................................24
Figure 4-5 ZXR10 2928E-PS .............................................................................................25
Figure 4-6 ZXR10 2952E ...................................................................................................25
Figure 4-7 Working principle of the system ........................................................................26
Figure 4-8 Control principle ................................................................................................27
Figure 4-9 System framework diagram ..............................................................................29
Figure 4-10 L2 system structure ........................................................................................30
Figure 7-1 Desktop access for enterprise network .............................................................41
Figure 7-2 MAN access .....................................................................................................42
TABLES
Table 5-1 Physical indexes ................................................................................................32
Table 5-2 System specifications ........................................................................................34
Table 8-1 Abbreviations .....................................................................................................43
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1 Overview
As a new-generation L2 Ethernet intelligent switch introduced by ZTE, ZXR10 2900E
series devices can fully satisfy the access to MAN and enterprise network. By enhancing
the features in energy saving, user information security, access control and management
maintenance, 2900E when compared with similar products are outstanding for its
powerful forwarding capability, flexible ACL and rich monitoring manners.
ZXR10 2900E include 6 models: ZXR10 2910E-PS, ZXR10 2918E, ZXR10 2918E-PS,
ZXR10 2928E,ZXR10 2929E-PS and ZXR10 2952E
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2 Highlights
2.1 Energy saving, green and silent
By using highly integrated design solution, ZXR10 2900E series devices not only reduce
entire power consumption, but also reduce fan to realize quiet design. The materials
used in making ZXR10 2900E also go in line with European RoHS standard, which
indicates minimum environment pollution and great contribution to global environment.
With the most advanced chip producing philosophy, the power consumption of the active
chip is reduced by 20%.
By using multiple energy-saving technologies, for example, disable idle ports and adjust
port power consumption as per cable length, ZXR10 2900E try their best to decrease
the power consumption for the customer maximally.
The devices give support to IEEE 802.3az, so it can set the port to idle status
dynamically when there’s no traffic processed over the port. In this way, the electricity
can be saved, and the power consumption of single port can be reduced by 70%.
2.2 Easy deployment and easy management
Exquisite size enables ZXR10 2900E to be installed in small cabinet in corridor. As all the
cables are designed in the front of the chassis, so the maintenance staff can easily
arrange device inspection and cable installation. They do not need to open the rack
panel of the chassis or disassemble the switch completely.
Creative M-Button enables the administrator to obtain the status of equipment port,
memory and CPU without logging in the system.
Automatic remote in-batch upgrade can upgrade multiple devices of the same category
at the same time. This mechanism stops the maintenance staffs traveling among
different corridors at work.
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It supports system information display. Via one command, the system operation
information can be collected, which gives conveniences to information collection and
failure location.
It supports off-power warning. When the device is out of power, it is still capable of
sending off-power warning to remote server. In this way, the administration center can be
informed of the failure in the shortest time.
2.3 Flexible networking
Compared with the products of the same category, ZXR10 2900E provides more flexible
networking manner. 8-port device and 16-port device can provide 2 GE uplink interfaces,
and 24-port device can provide 4 GE uplink interfaces. The common ring networking
requires the device should have at least two uplink interfaces. And the aggregation node
must have more than 3 uplink interfaces. But for the similar products from other vendors,
8-port device only provides 1 GE uplink interface, and 24-port device only offers 2 uplink
interfaces, which can not satisfy mainstream ring networking.
The uplink interface of ZXR10 2900E not only offers combo combination, but also is
capable of working in 1000Base X and 100Base X mode in optical status. This makes
ZXR10 2900E perfectly meet the requirements of the complicated network environment.
2.4 POE
Full series of ZXR10 2900E products give support to all-port POE and POE+ power
supply. Going in line with 802.3af and 802.3at standard, it is also compatible with PD
device which supports 802.3af and 802.3at standard. The power supply efficiency of
POE is 15.4W, and the power supply efficiency of POE+ power supply is of up to 30W.
2.5 Improve video service experience
ZXR10 2900E series products support IPTV, so they provide rich rules and channel
combinations. By supporting QoS mechanism, it gets rid of the traffic engineering
management issue caused by multicast service multi-port multiplexing. This method
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optimizes video traffic latency, jitter and abrupt packet loss. Also, it reduces the latency
when the video service is added in or off line. At the same time, ZXR10 2900E support
multicast service access control technology, so they can make sure the secure access of
the multicast service. This ensures the user to enjoy high-quality video service.
2.6 Perfect security design
The security design of ZXR10 2900E is based upon two aspects: one is to guarantee the
normal operation of the device, the other is to ensure the security of the data.
For self security design, some restrictions to peer-end broadcasting message, multicast
message, unknown unicast message. Therefore, these messages will have less impact
to CPU. For CPU, the device uses control plane security service to classify and control
the speed of the protocol messages that CPU needs to process. This mechanism makes
sure that the speed of the delivered the message for the protocol stacking is within a
proper range, which avoids the breakdown of CPU caused by exceeding messages.
For user data security, besides PVLAN service, ZXR10 2900E also uses DHCP
snooping plus IP source guard to make sure user’s validity. For the messages which do
not satisfy bounding table, they will be discarded.
The device is also capable of DAI service. So that it can effectively restrict ARP-based
DOS attack. The device not only can discard arp message which does not accord with
the condition, but also can restrict the number of arp one port learns. This mechanism
successfully prevents equipment table entity from being occupied maliciously, which
makes sure other people can use the resource normally.
2.7 Diverse VLAN features
ZXR10 2900E not only gives support to 1:1 vlan map, but also supports N: 1 VLAN map.
In this way, by aggregating vlan at the access side, the device greatly enhances the
usability of vlan resource.
ZXR10 2900E supports standard QinQ service and flexible SVLAN service, which
enables the operator to distinguish user and service at the access side effectively. In this
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way, the units can implement different processing policies as per different users and
services.
2.8 Overall supervision
ZXR10 2900E supports message mirroring service. It can classify mirroring image
of different messages, so that different message mirroring image can go to different
port.
ZXR10 2900E supports sFlow service. It can sample the message and send it to
the designated server.
ZXR10 2900E support RSPAN service. It is used for the extension of common
mirroring. So that, all the messages on the monitored port will be completely sent to
the remote receiver.
The device also supports intelligent statistic service. Being different from the
traditional accounting service which can only collect the number of the port or queue,
the intelligent statistic service can count any interested traffic or port. The counting
service can be as precise as one user‘s one service, which accordingly provides
effective monitoring way for precise operation.
2.9 Bidirectional ACL
In the course of further developing similar products, ZXR10 2900E at the same time
supports incoming and outgoing ACL. User can implement both incoming and outgoing
traffic classification and speed restriction at the same time. This mechanism enables
more comprehensive and flexible ACL.
2.10 Precision user locating
Via multiple methods like DHCP, option82, PPPOE+ and VBAS, ZXR10 2900E can
provide user’s accurate location for the network management center. The field with user
location information can be configured freely to meet different operators’ requirements.
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2.11 Ethernet OAM
Ethernet OAM is a very important guarantee to provide high-quality carrier-class network.
In addition to monitor the changes of the link status in time, it also evaluates the service
quality of the link. So that, the network maintenance staff can easily locate the network
failures. So far, ZXR10 2900E supports two sorts of OAM protocols, i.e. 802.1ag,
802.3ah
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3 Functions
3.1 Basic service functions
3.1.1 MAC address management
ZXR10 2900E series fulfills the following MAC functions:
Convert dynamic MAC address into static one
On one hand, the administrator expects that the user is fixed only to a port; on the other
hand, he does not want to configure too many static addresses. The function can be
used to reach the goal.
Bind MAC address to a port
Dynamic, static or permanent MAC address can be added to MAC address table. The
correspondence relation between static or permanent MAC address and port is fixed,
and cannot be cancelled until the address is deleted manually.
Limit MAC address number of a port
MAC address table capacity of a switch is limited. When many users are available and
MAC address table will reach the capacity limit, the MAC address number of low-priority
user port will be restricted.
The restriction can prevent MAC address broadcast to drive MAC address table to
overflow the network attack.
Port MAC address learning protection
When abnormal MAC address learning of a port is checked out, the switch will protect the
MAC address learning for some time. New address learning cannot be done in the
protection. When the protection expires, the port will be in the state of MAC learning
again.
Unknown-source MAC address filtering of a port
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Unknown-source MAC address filtering of a switch port is closed by default, and the port
does not filter the unknown-source MAC address. If a switch port is configured with
enabling the unknown-source MAC address filtering, relative port will discard the packet
of unknown-source MAC address received at the port and learn it.
MAC address filtering
Data frame can be filtered according to MAC address in the following ways:
1. Only the source MAC address of data frame is matched. If the source MAC address
is the set MAC address, the data frame will be filtered.
2. Only the destination MAC address of data frame is matched. If the destination MAC
address is the set MAC address, the data frame will be filtered.
3. The source or destination MAC address of data frame is matched. If the source or
destination MAC address is the set MAC address, the data frame will be filtered.
3.1.2 VLAN
Support port-based vlan, 1:1 and N:1 vlan translation, PVLAN, QinQ and SVLAN.
QinQ, known as the tunnel protocol based on IEEE 802.1Q encapsulation, is also called
VLAN stack. QinQ adds a VLAN label (external label) outside the existing VLAN label
(internal label). The external label can shield the internal label.
QinQ without protocol support can implement simple L2VPN, and is suitable for mini-
LAN taking L3 switch as the backbone.
Typical QinQ networking is as follows. The port connecting user network is Customer
port, the port connecting SP network is Uplink port, and SP network edge access
equipment is called PE (Provider Edge).
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Figure 3-1 QinQ
Switch A
PESwitch B
PE
SPVLAN 10
Uplink port
SPVLAN 10
Uplink port
SP network
SPVLAN 10
customer
port
SPVLAN 10
customer
port
User network
1CVLAN1-
100
User network
2CVLAN1-
100
User network accesses PE via Trunk VLAN. Uplink ports in SP network are connected
symmetrically via Trunk VLAN.
When the packet comes from user network 1 to switch A customer port, no matter
whether the packet is tagged or untagged, switch A will forcedly insert the external label
(VLAN ID is 10). In SP network, the packet reaches switch B via VLAN 10 ports. Switch B
finds out the port connected to user network 2 is customer port, removes the external
label according to the conventional 802.1Q protocol, restores it to the original packet, and
sends it to user network 2.
The data between user network 1 and 2 can be transmitted transparently via SP network.
User networks can freely plan their own private network VLAN ID to avoid the conflict
with SP network VLAN ID.
3.1.3 STP features
Support RSTP and MSTP as well as such protection features as bpdu guard, root guard
and loop guard.
3.1.4 Link aggregation
Link aggregation, known as Trunk, binds several physical ports into one logic port to
share incoming/outgoing traffic load among member ports. The switch decides according
to port load sharing policy configured by the user via which member port the packet is
sent to the opposite switch. When detecting that a fault occurs to the link of a member
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port, the switch will stop sending the packet via the port, and recalculate and decide a
port for packet transport according to load sharing policy. After the faulty port restores,
the switch will recalculate and decide a port for packet transport again. Link aggregation
is an important technology to increase link bandwidth and support link transport
resilience and redundancy.
ZXR10 2900E supports static Trunk and LACP link aggregation.
Static Trunk adds several physical ports directly to Trunk group to form one logic port, but
it is not good at observing the status of link aggregation port.
LACP (Link Aggregation Control Protocol), following IEEE 802.3ad, dynamically
aggregates several physical ports into Trunk group through the protocol to form one logic
port. LACP automatically aggregates to get the maximum bandwidth.
3.1.5 Basic Ethernet features
ZXR10 2900E supports the following basic Ethernet features:
Port mirroring copies the data of one or several switch ports (mirrored port) to one
designated destination port (monitored port) to get the data of the monitored port for
traffic analysis and wrong diagnosis port data. The mirroring (RSPAN) of
cross-equipment ports is supported.
It can limit the number of broadcast packet allowed to pass Ethernet port per second.
When broadcast traffic exceeds the value set by the user, the system will discard
broadcast traffic, thus broadcast traffic will be reduced to a reasonable range to suppress
broadcast storm and avoid network congestion to assure network services of normal
operation. Broadcast storm suppression takes the set rate as the parameter. The smaller
rate means the smaller broadcast traffic allowed to pass.
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ZXR10 2900E supports cable line diagnosis analysis and test. It can check line and
connection and find the location of cable fault to facilitate network management and fault
locating.
GE electrical interface is connected to other devices via network cable. Network cable
has 4 twisted pairs. 100M network cable uses twisted pair 1-2 and 3-6, and 1000M 1-2,
3-6, 4-5 and 7-8. The status of each twisted pair can be detected in line check. Line
statuses are as follows:
1. Open: Open-circuit line
2. Short: Short-circuit line
3. Good: Normal line
4. Broken: Open-circuit or short-circuit line
5. Unknown: Unknown or no result
6. Crosstalk: Line coupling
7. Fail: Failed detection
3.2 Value-Added Service (VAS)
3.2.1 DHCP-based batch upgrade
ZXR10 2900E supports the DHCP-based batch upgrade. By supporting DHCP option66,
67 and 150, the device gets the server address, catalog and filename storing the version.
Option150 stores the server IP address, option66 the version path, and option67 the
version filename. With the information, the device can automatically get the version from
the designated location via FTP or TFTP, which simplifies upgrade procedure, facilitate
operation & maintenance and increase working efficiency.
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3.2.2 IPTV
IPTV, known as interactive network TV and launched by carriers based on broadband,
uses IP broadband network and integrates Internet, multimedia and telecom
technologies to provide for the user such interactive services as live TV, video VOD and
Internet browse. The user gets the services via PC or “IP set top box+TV”.
Controllable multicast is one of key technologies of ZTE’s IPTV system structure, and
usually works at the broadband access network side. The equipment (BRAS, access
equipment or switch) implementing the multicast control policy is called the multicast
control point. As the termination point of user multicast IGMP request, the multicast
control point decides according to relative IGMP request and control policy whether to
copy multicast flow to user port. The closer the multicast control point is, the more
network bandwidth the user can save. As the key equipment to implement the multicast
control policy, Multicast control point supports the following services: IGMP V1/V2,
IGMP Snooping, IGMP Filter, IGMP Proxy, IGMP Fastleave, MVR(Multicast Vlan
Register), SGR(Static Group Register), UGAC(User Group Access Control) and
UGAR(User Group Access Record). User’s on-demand authority can be controlled by
binding rules and channels.
3.2.3 ACL
ZXR10 2900E supports egress and ingress ACL.
ZXR10 2900E offers the following four types of ACL
Basic ACL: Only match source IP address.
Extension ACL: Match source IP address, destination IP address, IP protocol type,
TCP source port No., TCP destination port No., UDP source port No., UDP
destination port No., ICMP type, ICMP Code, DSCP (DiffServ Code Point), and
ToS.
L2 ACL: Match source MAC address, destination MAC address, source VLAN ID,
L2 Ethernet protocol type, and 802.1p priority value.
Mixed ACL: Match source MAC address, destination MAC address, source VLAN
ID, source IP address, destination IP address, TCP source port No., TCP
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destination port No., UDP source port No., and UDP destination port No., including
all matching fields of the above types.
3.2.4 SFLOW
sFlow is the IETF standard traffic monitoring technology. It has low hardware
requirements, less equipment resource consumption and high technical commonality, so
it is now used by multiple vendors.
sFlow service mainly consists of three parts: sFlow message sampling unit, sFlow proxy
unit and sFlow collector (or named analyzer ). The sampling and proxy units of sFlow are
integrated in the network equipment; while sFlow collector which analyzes messages of
multiple sFlow proxies is out of the system structure. The entire basic system
architecture is as shown in the following figure:
Figure 3-2 sFlow frame
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sFlow sampling unit is the basis of sFlow mechanism. sFlow samples network packets
at the network interface supporting sFlow and sends sampled packets to sFlow agent
equipment for processing. sFlow Collector is the network equipment sFlow uses to
manage, monitor, collect and analyze. It stores and analyzes network packets from
sFlow Agents, and gives equipment traffic and service analysis reports and tables.
3.2.5 RSPAN
Remote Switched Port Analyzer (RSPAN), i.e. remote port mirroring, without asking the
mirrored port and the mirroring port on the same switch, enables cross-network mirrored
port and mirroring port. This gives great convenineces to the administrator for remote
switch management.
The following switches can fulfill the RSPAN function.
Source switch: The switch of the monitored port makes L2 forwarding of the traffic,
which needs to be mirrored, at Remote-probe VLAN L2 and forwards it to
intermediate switch or destination switch.
Intermediate switch: The switch between source switch and destination switch in
the network transports the mirroring traffic to the next intermediate switch or
destination switch via Remote-probe VLAN. If source switch and destination switch
are directly connected, there will be no intermediate switch.
Destination switch: The switch of destination port for remote mirroring forwards the
mirroring traffic received from Remote-probe VLAN to the monitoring equipment via
the mirroring destination port.
3.2.6 Global counter
ZXR10 2900E has unique global counter. The port and flow to be monitored can be
bound to a separate global counter. The specific flow can be decided according to flow
classification. For example, monitor a specific source IP and destination IP. After binding,
global counter separately counts the packets matching the flow.
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Global counter provides the carriers with an effective way to monitor network traffic
status, which may be for a specific traffic of each user, so as to offer more data for
network structure planning.
3.2.7 IP source guard
IP source guard is a policy control technology. Based upon dynamic DHCP snooping
table entry or manual static table entry, it is mainly responsible for checking if IP+MAC
the same as DHCP snooping table entry or manual static table entry. If they are not the
same, the message will be judged as illegal. Then it will be discarded or sent to CPU.
3.2.8 Dynamic ARP Inspection (DAI)
ARP attack is the most commonly seen means in the network. It has two ways: One is to
transmit a lot of ARP packets which is beyond normal processing capability and break
down the equipment; the other is to transmit faked ARP packets and make the
equipment learn wrong table items, thus the packets of a normal user are wrongly
forwarded to the hacker faking the ARP packets and let him get private information of the
user.
DAI service can effectively process ARP attack. After initiating DAI, the equipment can
restrict the number of ARP sent by the port, which guarantees adequate processing
capability of the equipment. Also, DAI service can check the legality of the received ARP
message according to user table entry generated dynamically. When the received ARP
message does not accord with the user dynamic table entry of this port, this message will
be dropped to make sure the correctness of the forwarding table entry.
3.2.9 LLDP
LLDP is a neighbor discovery protocol. The network device informs its information to
other devices via this protocol, so that it can builds neighbor relationship with different
devices. 。ZXR10 2900E supports multiple LLDP TLV attributes, so it can announces its
port and system information to the neighbors accurately.
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At the same time, ZXR10 2900E supports LLDP MED. LLDP EMD shortened from
LLDP for Media Endpoint Devices is usually used by the switch to configure the
interconnecting terminal device.
3.2.10 UDLD
UDLD a L2 network protocol is used to detect the single pass of the physical link among
devices. Sometimes, the physical links between two devices only process the incoming
data or outgoing data. At this moment, the links are in normal status, but the message
transport is aberrant. After detecting the problem, the UDLD can either send alarms or
close the port. The specific processing is decided by the specific configuration.
3.2.11 Voice vlan
The voice vlan can provide higher forwarding priority for the voice data message. After
detecting the accessed voice device, ZXR10 2900E without considering the default
priorities of the data transfers the legal voice data o the appointed voice vlan. Also it will
give them a higher priority to guarantee they can be forwarded first.
3.2.12 802.1x authentication
DOT1X (IEEE 802.1x) is the port-based network access control protocol. It optimizes
authentication means and authentication architecture and resolves the issues caused by
conventional PPPoE and Web/Portal authentication, so it is more suitable for broadband
Ethernet.
IEEE 802.1x protocol architecture consists of three major parts: Supplicant System,
Authenticator System and Authentication Server System.
1. Supplicant system is a user terminal system which is usually installed with a
supplicant software. The user starts the software to initiate the authentication in
IEEE802.1x protocol. In order to support the port-based access control, supplicant
system needs to support EAPOL (Extensible Authentication Protocol Over LAN).
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2. Authenticator system is usually the network equipment supporting IEEE802.1x
protocol, such as switch. The equipment corresponds to the ports of different users
(They may be physical ports, or MAC address, VLAN and IP of user equipment).
Two logic ports are available: controlled port and uncontrolled port.
i. Uncontrolled port is always in bidirectional connection status and transmits
EAPOL protocol frame to ensure that the supplicant can always send or
receive the authentication.
ii. Only when the authentication is passed, can controlled port be opened to
transmit network resource and service. Controlled port can be configured to
bidirectional control or input control for different applications. If the user does
not pass the authentication, controlled port will be in authentication status,
and the user will not access the service provided by authenticator system
3. Authentication server is usually RADIUS server. It can store the user-related
information, e.g., user VLAN, CAR parameters, priority, and user access control list.
When the user passes the authentication, authentication server passes the
user-related information to authenticator system which creates the dynamic access
control list, and subsequent user traffic will be under the supervision of the above
parameters. Authentication server communicates with RADIUS server through
RADIUS protocol.
3.2.13 Ring protection
ZTE Ethernet Switch Ring (ZESR) based upon EAPS principle of rfc3619 protocol makes
some progresses. It makes sure if the ring works smoothly. Also it confirms there’s only
one logic smooth path between two nodes. The port status can be changed between
block and forward status according to the situation of the ring (through-break,
break-through), which enables fast switchover of the logical path.
ZESR supports multiple such as network topologies as tangent ring and insectant ring as
well as multi-domain configuration. ZXR10 2900E ZESR supports to work with PVLAN to
comply with MEF networking model.
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3.2.14 ZESS smart switching
ZTE Ethernet Smart Switch (ZESS), an Ethernet intelligent switchover technology
introduced by ZTE, describes a highly efficient link switchover mechanism. When the
active link breaks down, traffic can be switched over to the standby link, which makes
sure normal data transmission.
As shown in Figure 3, node 1 supports ZESS. Port 1 is master port and port 2 is slave
port. When node 1 finds that master port and slave port are UP, the protection service
VLAN forwarding of slave port will be blocked. When node 1 finds that master port is
DOWN, the protection service VLAN forwarding of master port will be blocked, and the
protection service VLAN forwarding of slave port will be opened. When node 1 finds that
master port restores to UP, inversion and non-inversion modes are available. In inversion
mode, master port is opened and slave port is blocked again. In non-inversion mode,
master port is still blocked and slave port is still opened. Furthermore, when ZESS is
switched, FDB of the blocked port will be upgraded.
Figure 3-3 ZESS network topology
Upper-level
network
Node 1
Node 2 Node 3
Master port Slave port
3.2.15 MButton
ZXR10 2900E switch can provide the MButton function without increasing user cost. The
function makes use of existing port indicators to indicate the run status of the switch.
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MButton can switch different modes. When a mode is switched, port indicator shows
system status of the mode according to relative rules. The following statuses are
available now:
Port link status
Port duplex status
Port rate status
Memory utilization rate
CPU utilization rate
Port of packets with CRC error
Port generating broadcast storm
Uplink interface bandwidth occupancy
Port which does not learn MAC address
Ping NM server
POE status
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4 System Architecture
4.1 Appearance
ZXR10 2900E is a sort of cassette Ethernet switch. Its hardware is composed by chassis,
control switching fabric unit, line interface unit and power supply unit. The size of the
chassis goes in line with European standard.
Figure 4-1 ZXR10 2910E-PS
Figure 4-2 ZXR10 2918E
Figure 4-3 ZXR10 2918E-PS
Figure 4-4 ZXR10 2928E
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Figure 4-5 ZXR10 2928E-PS
Figure 4-6 ZXR10 2952E
4.2 Hardware Architecture
4.2.1 Overall Hardware Architecture
ZXR10 2900E is a cassette product that adopts centralized hardware architecture design.
All service interfaces are directly connected to switching main control card.
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4.2.2 Working Principle of Hardware System
Figure 4-7 Working principle of the system
4.2.3 Introduction to Card
ZXR10 2900E system contains one main control card and service expansion slot. The
cards can be divided into switching control module, power supply module and interface
module based on the responsibilities they assume.
4.2.3.1 Control Card
Control card is the core component of ZXR10 2900E. It mainly implements two functions
of control module and switch module.
In ZXR10 2900E system, control switch card is installed in the cassette structure with no
independent panel. Its related interface and indicator are on the front panel of the system.
The principle is shown in the following diagram:
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Figure 4-8 Control principle
4.2.3.2 Control Module
Control module is composed of main processor and some external functional chips. It
provides various external operation interfaces such as serial interface, and Ethernet
interface to implement processing of various applications by the system. The main
processor adopts high-performance CPU processor to implement the following tasks:
System network management protocol such as SNMP.
Network protocol such as STP.
Takes data operation and maintenance.
4.2.3.3 Switch Module
Switch module adopts the private Switch chip with multiple FE and GE bi-directional
interfaces integrated. It can process multi-port wire-speed switching. The switch chip can
implement the following functions:
Storage, forwarding, and switching
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Support 10KB jumbo frame
Support priority queuing. When CoS queue is in congestion, it drops frames
selectively.
4.3 Software Architecture
Ethernet switch ZXR10 2900E series switch is capable of L2 switching, providing L2
wire-speed switching and QoS guarantee. The system software implements
management, control and data forwarding of system. Its basic tasks include system start,
system configuration and management, protocol operation, table maintenance, switching
chip setting and state control, and some special packet software forwarding. System
software mainly implements the following functions:
SNMPv3的 Agent功能;It implements major L2 protocol functions including 802.1D STP
protocol, 802.1P priority control, 802.1Q VLAN functions, and 802.3ad link aggregation. It
supports IPv4 protocol stacking. It realizes multi-layer services of ACL and DHCP. It
implements part of broadband access functions and network management protocol.
Users can take network management of Ethernet switch by serial interface terminal,
Telnet, and SNMP Manager, covering network configuration management, failure
management, performance management, and security management.
System software can be divided into the following four sub-systems based on the above
system function requirements.
Operation support sub-system. It includs software modules of BSP, ROS, SSP and
VxWorks kernel.
MUX sub-system. It includes data distributing module, statistics monitoring module
and drive encapsulating module. Data distributing module takes charge of
distribution of data packets in the drive and upper layer software. Statistics
monitoring module takes charge of statistics data forwarding message and drive
software table monitoring.
L2 sub-system. It includes STP, LACP, IGMP SNOOPING, MAC address
management, VLAN management, and L2 data forwarding.
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Network management and operation maintenance sub-system. It implements Agent
function of SNMP network management. It supports command line management,
provides operation maintenance interface and provides MIB information.
4.3.1 Operation Support Sub-system
Operation support sub-system drives and encapsulates hardware in the lower layer to
provide support for other software systems in the upper layer. Operation support
sub-system mainly provides support for hardware operation, distributes operation
resource for hardware, and provides related interface for software in upper layer.
Operation support sub-system uses ZXR10 ROS platform including system support,
system control, version loading control, BSP, and SSP. System support can be further
divided into modules of operation system kernel, process scheduling, process
communication, timer management, and memory management. The system diagram of
operation support sub-system is shown in the following figure:
Figure 4-9 System framework diagram
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4.3.2 MUX Sub-system
MUX sub-system implements information switching of drive and upper layer software,
and takes statistics and monitoring of software table of switching chip. The main
functions of MUX sub-system are data forwarding and statistics monitoring. MUX layer
receives data packets from drive module and distributes data packets based on ETHER
TYPES field in MAC frame. MUX data forwarding also takes charge of encapsulating
data forwarding function of the drive. It provides new data forwarding function invoking
for each module in upper layer, which invokes data forwarding function provided by MUX
to implement forwarding when there’s data packet or protocol packet needs to be
forwarded. Statistics monitoring takes charge of state statistics of drive layer, physical
layer and MUX layer, receiving and sending packets statistics, register reading
monitoring, and data packet sniffer. It provides OAM module with interface function.
4.3.3 L2 Sub-system
L2 sub-system mainly implements configuration management (management layer) of
data link layer, L2 protocol processing (control layer), and data forwarding (data layer or
service layer). Its functional
Figure 4-10 L2 system structure
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4.3.4 NM and Maintenance Sub-system
Foreground network management and operation maintenance sub-system use TCP/IP to
work as SNMP network management agent. They use the executive body of managed
entity in lower layer to implement management. By network communication background
and foreground network management take management of foreground system and
realize separation of management network and transport network.
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5 Technical Indexes and Specifications
5.1 Physical Indexes
Table 5-1 Physical indexes
Physical
indexes 2910E-PS 2918E 2918E-PS 2928E 2928E-PS 2952E
Dimensions
(H*W*D)m
m
43.6*340*2
20 43.6*442*220
43.6*442*
440
43.6*44
2*280
Maximal
weight for
the whole
set
3.0kg 2.8kg 3.8kg 3kg 6.4kg 3.4kg
POE Support
Not
suppor
t
Support
Not
suppor
t
Support Not
support
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Power
supply
Only
support AC
input
AC: 100V~
240V,
50Hz~
60Hz
Suppo
rt AC
and
DC
input
AC:
100V
~
240V,
50Hz
~
60Hz
DC:
-48V~
-57V
Support
AC and
DC input,
support
external
power
supply
AC:
100V~
240V,
50Hz~
60Hz
DC:
-48V~
-57V
RPS:
-52V~
-57V DC
Suppo
rt AC
and
DC
input
AC:
100V
~
240V,
50Hz
~
60Hz
DC:
-48V~
-57V
Support
two
modular
power,
both
support
AC and
DC input。
AC :
100V
~
240V
AC;
50/6
0Hz
DC:
-48V~
-57V
Support
AC and
DC input
AC:
100V~
240V,
50Hz~
60Hz
DC:
-48V~
-57V
Maximal
consumptio
n
Maximal
consumptio
n for the
whole set::
306W
POE
maximal
output
power:
240W
13W
Maximal
consumpti
on for the
whole set:
311W
POE
maximal
output
power:
247W
17.1W
Maximal
consumpti
on for the
whole set:
831W
POE
maximal
output
power:
720W
27.2W
Working
temperatur
e
-5℃~50℃
Working
humidity
10%~90%
Earthquake
proof
8 earthquake intensity
Reliability MTBF>200,000 hours, MTTR<30 minutes
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5.2 Basic Specifications
Table 5-2 System specifications
Item 2910E-PS 2918E 2918E-PS 2928E 2928E-PS 2952E
Port
8 FE+
2 GE
Combo
16FE+
2GE
Comb
o
16FE+2G
E Combo
24
FE+2GE
SFP+
2 GE
Combo
24
FE+one
daughter
card,
which
includes
4-port GE
electrical,
4-port GE
optical
ports.
4-port FE
optical
ports
48 FE+
4 GE
SFP
Forwarding
performanc
e
4.2Mpps 5.4Mp
ps 5.4Mpps 9.6Mpps 9.6Mpps
13.2Mp
ps
Port
switching
capacity
5.6Gbps 7.2Gb
ps 7.2Gbps 12.8Gbps 12.8Gbps
17.6Gbp
s
MAC
Support MAC address learning, aging and conversion from dynamic
to static
Support static MAC address setting
Support MAC address attack protection
Support 16K address table items
VLAN
4k for the whole set
Support port-based VLAN
Support VLAN translation (1:1, N:1)
Support PVLAN
QinQ Support QinQ-based forwarding
Support ordinary QinQ, outer layer label tagging based on port
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Item 2910E-PS 2918E 2918E-PS 2928E 2928E-PS 2952E
Support Selective QinQ, outer layer label tagging based on traffic
Support Selective QinQ inner layer priority mapping
Support TPID modification
LACP Support dynamic LACP
Support traffic-based load balancing
Storm
suppressio
n
Support broadcasting packet suppression
Support multicast packet suppression
Support unknown packet suppression
Support unknown unicast/multicast packet dropping
Support unknown unicast/multicast broadcasting
L2
multicast
Support IGMP Snooping/proxy
Support IGMP rate limit, IGMP rate filter, and IGMP rate shaping
Support cross-VLAN multicast duplication
QOS
Support port rate limit and traffic rate limit
Support 8 queues with different priorities at each port
Support mapping to different queues based on packet 802.1p
Support SP, WRR, and SP+WRR algorithm
Support traffic classification based on source MAC address,
destination MAC address, source IP address, and destination IP
address
Traffic classification of L4 port, protocol type, VLAN, Ethernet frame
protocol, and CoS information
Support traffic-based label priority and packet re-orientation
Anti-lighteni
ng
Anti-lightening capability at all service ports: 6KV
Security
features
Support DHCP snooping and DHCP relay
Support 802.1x, and maximal user limit at single port
Support dynamic ARP detection (DAI)
Support IP Source Guard
Support MAC address filtering
Support local or remote authentication of login user
Support CPU protection
Support SSHV2
Support management user TACACS+ and radius authentication
LLDP Support LLDP neighbor discovery
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Item 2910E-PS 2918E 2918E-PS 2928E 2928E-PS 2952E
Support LLDP MED
UDLD Support UDLD unidirectional link inspection
Monitoring
Support SFLOW
Support RSPAN
Support mirror
Easy-Maint
enance
Attribute
Support DHCP-based automatic configuration download
Support MButton
Voice vlan Support voice vlan
Network
Manageme
nt
Support SNMP V2,V3
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6 Operation and Maintenance
6.1 NetNumen U31 Integrated NM Platform
IP network is bearing more and more services. At the same time it covers large area with
complicated configuration. Users have high expectation for the network. Network
management difficulty and workload become rather great. Only artificial management
with passive checking maintenance can no long meet the needs of reliable operation of
the network.
How to quickly deploy services in the network, how to guarantee reliable and stable
network operation, how to foresee the network operation quality, and how to detect the
failure point as soon as possible when failure occurs in the network are all present before
OAM staff. Thus active monitoring is urgently needed for the network to automatically
detect and solve network failure, to maintain smooth operation of the network, so as to
realize network value maximization.
To achieve this ZTE developed NetNumen U31 integrated network management system.
NetNumen U31 is an centralized network management system integrating multiple
products of router and switch. It integrates network element management, network
management, and service management in one, supporting multiple databases. It has
graphic interface of many languages, providing direct and easy operation. Offering
flexible northbound interface, it supports powerful interconnection integration capability.
6.1.1 NM Networking
Inband management and outband management can be adopted for networking between
NetNumen U31 network management system and ZXR10 2900E.
Inband management
Inband management. Network management and service data are transported through
one channel with no need to build extra DCN network. NetNumen U31 network
management system can perform management when it is connected with the network
equipment nearby with related SNMP parameters configured.
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The advantage of inband management is flexible networking without extra investment.
The disadvantage is network management information occupies service bandwidth,
which may influence service quality.
Outband management
Outband management. Network management information is transported inside network
management network, separated from service data. Extra DCN network is needed.
NetNumen U31 network management system is connected to outband management
interface on ZXR10 2900E so that network management information is transmitted
independently from service information.
The advantage is the interruption of service channel doesn’t influence management of
equipment by the network management station. Network management information
transmission is more reliable. The disadvantage is that network management network
built independently is influenced greatly by territory restriction so that extra investment is
necessary.
6.1.2 NetNumen U31 NM System
NetNumen U31 network management system is an integrated router, switch, and CE
management system developed by ZTE. Covering network management, network
management and service management, network management system provides the
following functions:
Failure management guarantees stable network operation
In network management maintenance, the management staff has an urgent need to
know the network operation to make sure the network works stably. Failure management
in NetNumen U31 mainly takes charge of realtime receiving of various equipment alarm
and network event reported by all network elements. It can notify the maintenance staff in
an audible and visual way. The maintenance staff confirms and deals with the event.
They save the collected alarm reports in the base for various statistic and query. Failure
management is the most important and most usual management measure in network
operation and maintenance. With failure management, users can implement query,
realtime monitoring, failure filtering, failure location, failure confirmation, failure clearance,
and failure analysis etc. NetNumen U31 system also provides audio prompt, graphic
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display of alarm, accessible alarm box, Email system, and SMS system. It notifies users
with sound and light, Email, and message for users to have easy daily maintenance.
Performance management obtains a complete understanding of network services
Network traffic flow, network load are the most focused concern in network management.
NetNumen U31 performance management module mainly takes charge of performance
monitoring and analysis of network and equipment. It provides maintenance and
management department with information to supervise network engineering, planning
and adjusting to improve network operation quality by collecting various performance
data from network elements and generating performance report after processing. With
performance management, users can perform statistics of equipment load, traffic flow,
and interface load to learn about network service quality, assess and adjust network
resource configuration as soon as possible.
Resource management makes good use of network resource
Resource management system implements physical resource and logic resource
management. It is a basic innegligible system in service process of the operators. It is an
important premise for two key service processes of service launching and service
guarantee to become automatic. With resource management, users can learn about not
only management of resource such as equipment, card, interface, and link, but also the
utilization of logic resource such as VLAN and MAC address.
View management makes network operation state clear
View management provides integrated network topology and multi-view management,
which enables users to clearly grasp the topology structure and network equipment
operation state of the whole network. At the same time it provides operation and
maintenance ingress of the network and equipment. with view management users can
get network equipment operation state and alarm, and quickly transfer to other
management systems.
Configuration management makes quick service deployment
Configuration management performs configuration of ZXR10 2900E including equipment
management, interface management, VLAN management, L2 feature management,
QoS management, software upgrade management, and configuration file management.
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It supports multiple humanistic configuration including end-to-end configuration, batch
configuration, guide configuration. It also provides corresponding default configuration
templates for different management.
Security management guarantees network security
Security management guarantees valid use of the system by the user. Security
management implements management of user, user group and role. By properly arrange
the relation between user, user group and role, it provides security control for operator to
perform security management operation. With login authentication it prevents illegal
users from entering the system. With operation authentication it provides security control
for operators to perform operation.
Northbound interface provides easy integration
With the rapid development of telecom service, one operator usually needs to take
control of multiple equipment-level and network-level professional network management
systems of network element. The professional network management systems cannot
exchange information. The limit brought about by complicated management contents
and various operation interfaces become more and more obvious. To improve the
comprehensive management level and effect of the whole network for telecom
enterprises, one network management station can perform various management and
control over interconnected networks so as to realize the comprehensive management of
the whole network.
Comprehensive network management and professional network is connected via
interface. Professional network management needs to provide comprehensive network
management system with standard open northbound interface to perform quick and
reliable integration with comprehensive network management. NetNumen U31 supports
multiple northbound interfaces such as CORBA, SNMP, TL1,XML and FTP.
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7 Comprehensive Networking Applications
7.1 Community Access for Enterprise network
Figure 7-1 Desktop access for enterprise network
It provides 100M access and GE uplink. Working with 802.1x authentication, IP source
guard, DAI, security port and conversion from dynamic MAC to static, it can satisfy most
of the requirements of enterprise network access.
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7.2 Corridor Access for MAN
Figure 7-2 MAN access
MAN access can adopt ordinary tree type and ZESR plus PVLAN. Working with DHCP
snooping and ip source guard, it provides users with high security guarantee. At the
same time, ZXR10 2900E can use QinQ or SVLAN to further distinguish users and
services, and to provide rich control information for service planning of the whole
network.
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8 Abbreviations
Table 8-1 Abbreviations
Abbreviation Full form
ABR Area Border Router
ARP Address Resolution Protocol
AS Autonomous System
ASBR Autonomous System Border Router
ASN Abstract Syntax Notation
ATM Asynchronous Transfer mode
BIC Bridge interface & Alarm monitor card
BFEIE Fast Ethernet Interface- Electric for BRAS
BFEIO Fast Ethernet Interface-Optical for BRAS
BGEI Gigabit Ethernet Interface for BRAS
BGP Border Gateway Protocol
BNPC Network Processing Card for BRAS
BSFC Switch Fabric Card for BRAS
BTSR Back plane for Terabit Switch Router
BUPC Ultra Protocol processor control card for BRAS
CHAP Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol
CIDR Classless Inter-Domain Routing
COS Class of Service
CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check
abbreviation English full name
CSN Cryptographic Sequence Number
DDN Digit Data Network
DNS Domain Name System
EBGP External Border Gateway Protocol
EGP Exterior Gateway Protocol
FDDI Fiber Distributed Data Interface
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Abbreviation Full form
FEI Fast Ethernet Interface
FEIOE Fast Ethernet Interface-Optical/Electric
FIFO First In and First Out
FPGA Domain Programmable Gate Array
FTP File Transfer Protocol
FTP6 File Transfer Protocol Version 6
GEI Gigabit Ethernet Interface
HDLC High-Level Data Link Control
ICMP Internet Control Message Protocol
ICMP6 Internet Control Message Protocol 6
IETF Internet Engineering Task Force
IGMP Internet Group Management Protocol
IGP Interior Gateway Protocol
IP Internet Protocol
Ipv6 Internet Protocol Version 6
IS-IS Intermediate System -to- Intermediate System
abbreviation English full name
LAN Local Area Network
LSA Link State Advertisement
MAC Media Access Control
MD5 Message Digest 5
MIB Management Information Base
MPLS Multi-Protocol Label Switch
MTU Maximum Transmission Unit
NIC Network Information Center
NLRI Network Layer Reachable Information
NMS Network Management System
OID Object ID
OSI Open Systems Interconnection
OSPF Open Shortest Path First
PAP Passwork Authentication Protocol
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Abbreviation Full form
PCB Process Control Block
POS Packet over SDH
PPP Point-to-Point Protocol
PRT Process Registry Table
QOS Quality of Service
RFC Request For Comments
RARP Reverse Address Resolution Protocol
RIP Routing Information Protocol
RLE Route lookup engine
abbreviation English full name
RMON Remote Monitoring
SDH Synchronous Digital Hierarchy
SMTP Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol
TCP Transmission Control Protocol
TFTP Trivial File Transfer Protocol
TOS Type Of Service
TELNET Telecommunication Network Protocol
TTL Time-To-Live
UDP User Datagram Protocol
VLSM Variable Length Subnet Mask
VPLS Virtual Private Lan Service
VPN Virtual Private Network
VPWS Virtual Private Wire Service
WAN Wide Area Network
WWW World Wide Web