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Trinity University of Asia

College of Arts and Sciences

Department of Natural Science

COURSE OUTLINE

COURSE CODE: ZOOLOGY 122

COURSE TITLE: Comparative Vertebrate Embryology

COURSE DESCRIPTION: A study of the phylogenetic and ontogenetic development of representative

vertebrates. It compares early vertebrate development to the adulthood stage of representative

animals.

CREDIT UNIT: 5 Units (3 hours lecture; 6 hours laboratory)

COURSE PREREQUISITE: Comparative Vertebrate Anatomy

GENERAL COURSE OBJECTIVES:

A. Cognitive Aims:1. Compare and contrast the ontogenetic development of representative vertebrates2. Enumerate the different derivatives of the 3 germ layers namely: the ectoderm, the

mesoderm, and the endoderm.

3. Identify the embryonic origin of the different organs as exhibited by therepresentative vertebrates

4. Know the functions of the different organs as derived from the germ layerB. Affective Aims:

1.C. Psychomotor Aims:1. Articulate and discuss the concepts learned in the course.2. Compare and contrast living from non-living things.3. Illustrate the different organ systems.4. Develop keen obervation skills on the effects of the environment to oneself.

Topics to be Covered:

I. Introduction to Embryology (Week 1)A. Scope

i. Ontogeny vs Phylogenyii. Fields

B. Basic Conceptsi. Determination vs Differentiation

ii. Regulation vs Regenerationiii. Von Baers Law vs Biogenetic Lawiv. Morphogenesis vs Organogenesisv. Gene Activation

vi. Stem Cell PotencyII. Gametogenesis (Week 2 &3)

A. SpermatogenesisB. Oogenesis

i. Meiotic ArrestsIII. Fertilization (Weeks 4, 5, & 6)

A. StagesB. TypesC. Blocks to Polyspermy

i. Fast Blockii. Slow Block

IV. Early OntogenyA. Cleavage and BlastulationB. GastrulationC. NeurulationD. Organogenesis

V.

A. The Integumentary System (Week 5)

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i. Functionsii. Layers of the Skin

iii. Skin Appendagesiv. Diseases and Disorders of the Skin

B. The Skeletal System (Week 5)i. Functions

ii. Divisionsiii. Classification of Bones According to:

1. Composition2. Shape

iv. Types of Jointsv. Diseases and Disorders of the Bone

C. The Muscular System (Week 6)i. Function

ii. Anatomyiii. Typesiv. Diseases and Disorders of the Muscle

D. The Digestive System (Week 7)i. Function

ii. Organs Involved and their Individual Functionsiii. Types of Digestioniv. Diseases and Disorders of the Gastrointestinal Tract

E. The Respiratory System (Week 7 and 8)i. Functions

ii. Organs Involvediii. Respiratory Mechanismsiv. Diseases and Disorders of the Respiratory Tract

F. The Excretory System (Week 8)i.

Excretion vs Secretionii. Function as a whole

iii. Organs Involved and their Individual Functionsiv. Three Modes of Excretionv. Diseases and Disorders of the Urinary and Gastrointestinal Tract

G. The Cardiovascular System (Week 10 & 11)i. Function as a whole

ii. Componentsiii. Blood Formationiv. Blood Types and their Basisv. Pathways of Blood

vi. Diseases and Disorders of the Cardiovascular SystemH. The Lymphatic System (Week 11)

i. Functionsii. Components

iii. Pathways of Lymphiv. Diseases and Disorders of the Lymphatic System

I. The Endocrine System (Week 12)i. Types of Endocrine Glands

ii. Hormones as Secretionsiii. Functions of Hormonesiv. Common Diseases and Disorders of the Endocrine System

J. The Nervous System (Week 12 & 13)i. Functions

ii. The Nerve as its Basic Unitsiii. Divisions of the Nervous System

1. Central Nervous System2. Peripheral Nervous System

iv. The Reflex Arcv. Types of Reflex

vi. Common Diseases and Disorders of the Nervous SystemK. The Reproductive System (Week 15 & 16)

i. Functionsii. Organs Involved and their Individual Functions

iii.

Gametogenesisiv. The Sexual Cycle

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v. Sexually Transmissible Diseasesvi. Common Disorders of the Reproductive System

VI. Ecology (Week 17)A. Basic Principles

i. Populations, Communities, and Ecosystemsii. Symbiotic Relationships

iii. Carrying Capacity and Limiting Factorsiv. Competitive Exclusion Principle

B. Environmental Issuesi. Global Warming

ii. OverpopulationC. Sustainability

i. Resource Managementii. Green Energy

RESOURCES:

Textbook: Starr, Cecie et.al. Biology: Today and Tomorrow. Singapore: Cengage Learning Asia Pte.

Ltd.

References:

Kandong, K. 2006. Vertebrates. Boston: McGrawHill Inc.

Moyes, C. and Schulte, P. 2008. 2nd edition. Pearson Education Inc.

Miller , K. et.al.

Odum E. And Barrett, G. 2004. 5th edition. Brooks Cole PublishingRaven, P. et. al. 2005. Biology. 7th edition. New York: McGraw-Hill Inc.

Seeley, R. et. al. 2007. Essentials of Anatomy and Physiology. 6th edition. New York:

McGrawHill Inc.

Storer, T. et. al. 2009. Zoology. New York: McGraw HillInc.

E-references: www.bioscience.ws

www.biology-online.org

Science Direct (assigned readings to be given in class due to subscription fees)

EBSCOhost Online Research Database (assigned readings to be given in class due to

subscription fees)

GRADE COMPUTATION:

Midterm Grade:

Lecture: 60%

Class Standing (Quizzes, Projects, Recitation)60% Major Examinations40%

Laboratory: 40%

Final Grade:

Midterm Grade40&

Tentative Final Grade50%

Attendance and Deportment10%