Zolna murray cu prezi 20
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Transcript of Zolna murray cu prezi 20
What?
Zolna Murray
MSc
Reg/Senior Architect –
BIM Specialist
The future of BIM is paperless, literally
Dah, you may think ……
What?
… it is obvious that once BIM is really grown and fully
functional, it will be fully paperless.
But is it really that obvious?
Is BIM going in the right direction?
Isn’t there far too much ‘hot air’ surrounding it and
very little hard evidence of progression?
Many questions, few answers.
Once Upon A Time……
What?
…not even that long ago, everyone in the construction industry spoke
the same language.
It was not a particularly sophisticated language, but the majority of
the industry participants did speak, read and write it.
This was the language of the technical drawing.
Created on paper, or tracing paper, or backs of envelopes, with
simple tools like pens, pencils, T and parallel squares.
Then ……
What?
…some 20+ years ago FlatCAD happened,
and the universal uptake of the language was lost.
Gradually ……
What?
…the industry split between those that did CAD
and those that did not DO CAD – they carried on as managers.
I do not mean here, just ‘managers of people’ but managers of
various construction disciplines, project managers and almost all
types of engineers,
Then ……
What?
Doers (the CAD people) moved on with speaking
a simplified language of the technical drawing,
while most managers stopped speaking it all together and
became hands-off.
The deep divide between the managers and doers was
established then and it is still here,
causing a gap in communication.
The partial literacy…
What?
You take away the language,
you take away common interests and the cohesiveness of
the group.
…of any industry has a crippling effect.
In this process, the paper, …
What?
once just a medium, became a measure of performance.
Where once hundred or fewer drawings would do under the ‘old’ system,
CAD encouraged the production of thousands instead.
Nowadays, thousands of drawings delivered,
even if of suspect quality, mean job done.
The sheer numbers of them, even on small projects, also mean inability to
properly check and control
BIM was supposed to …
What?
…. amongst other things, readdress this issue.
It never did.
My Journey……
What?
1st 2nd 3rd
1989-1999 2000-2010 2010-2017
1989-2017
My career is almost 3 decades long.
As I look back at it, it breaks neatly into 3 phases
First phase……
What?
1st
1989-1999
At the start of the first decade, I was a young, enthusiastic architect,
just out of university,
cocky and keen, to go out alone…
…but also, aware of the vast knowledge, skills and experience-gap
I needed to bridge, to survive in the industry, in New Zealand.
So, I learned and learned ……
What?
1st
1989-1999
… as much as I could, on many fronts, designing, documenting,
administering contracts, supervising construction
and becoming proficient in BIM
Second Phase……
What?
2nd
2000-2010
By about 10 years into my career, I was reasonably
comfortable and capable in most of the critical aspects of
my job,
and was super positive about BIM
For the following decade……
What?
2000-2010
…I spent a lot of my time sharing that love of BIM, with those
open to the idea and (even more)
with those that were not.
Skepticism, cynicism and ridicule ……
What?
surprised me a bit, but did not deter….
I believed, that no matter how few of us did it, if we kept at it,
developed more tools, changed more minds, recruited more
followers, it would all be worthwhile in the end.
What?
2nd
2000-2010
So confident was I of this vision, that I funded a company with my husband
that offered Virtual Construction Services, a flavor of BIM even less
known/liked than the ‘ordinary BIM’.
We put everything we had,
into the company.
We worked tirelessly……
What?
2000-2010
…on getting others on board, including
those, that ‘passively’ practiced BIM
(the non- hands-on users).
We developed BIM ‘crutches’ for them in
the forms of outsourcing, onsite support,
‘idiot-proof’ model viewers etc.
What?
…the business should have grown and thrived,
even with the Global Financial Crisis coming our way.
By all logic ……
Oh, how wrong I turned out to be!
What?
Third Phase……
What?
3rd
2010-2017Roll on the last decade.
Our company crumbled and failed, the family lost everything,
we left the country to financially survive.
Sure, it was all sad ……
What?
2010-2017
and harshly educational,
and hopefully character building in the long run,
but, maybe surprisingly,
I retained my faith in BIM through these turbulent
years.
It took some work…
What?
in another 3 different countries following our shift
away from New Zealand,
and involvement in many high profile projects, to
concede,
that BIM did not really work for me.
What I mean by not working ……
What?
2010-2017
…is that for any career progression, I far too often had to
choose between ‘my BIM’ –
and ‘other professional personas’
and often had to model in secret at non-BIM positions.
What I mean by not working ……
What?
2010-2017
that in spite of large-scale, BIM mandating across the globe, BIM
was unlikely to really take off any time soon.
BIM became either an expensive add on (due to a large part of the
industry participants unable to contribute to it in meaningful ways)
or a ‘fisherman’s story’ passed on from conference to conference
losing touch with reality by the day.
Disillusioned, ……
What?
I gradually totally shifted back from BIM-mish jobs
to traditional PM and DM roles.
Still, I had not stopped thinking about BIM.
Indeed……
What?
I spent the last 7 years
intensively refining my
theories,
why such a big gap existed
between what is sold to the
world as ‘BIM should be’
and what I know and
experience first-hand it is or
it is not.
I had recorded many such thoughts through my blog,
a vent, in these, fundamentally self-doubting years.
The Culprits……
What?
The main causes for the lack of real success in BIM development, I identified, I
collected into 5 distinctive groups:
The ‘corrupt’ (speculative) nature of the Industry across the
world is not a fertile ground for BIM. Construction is not
really like any other ‘manufacturing business’.
– It has huge, regular and global ups and downs, cycles of
feast and famine, coupled with murky reward distribution
across its participants;
(contrary to common belief it is NOT always the client that
pays for the mistakes and lack of planning on projects).
1st
The Culprits……
What?
The participants that make up the industry form a ‘Two
layered cake’ and fall neatly into two groups of managers
and doers,
where managers are rarely interested in partaking in BIM,
making BIM implementation unnecessarily expensive.
They may ‘talk the talk of BIM’ but rarely walk it.
2nd
The Culprits……
What?
3rd ‘Shouting and bullying’ are the most widespread and effective
of tools – deep understanding of project information is not
essential to be successful.
‘Deals’ determine the outcome of projects even under the
strictest of public scrutiny.
Again, an environment that is hostile to BIM.
The Culprits……
What?
4th Career progression prospects (once a manager, always a
manager) and the stigma of any BIM literacy,
force most graduates into shunning BIM from early in their
career,
thus stopping fresh talent from within the industry
meaningfully contributing to BIM.
The Culprits……
What?
5th Lack of incentive for the manager to change their own
behavior and become hands-on.
Investing in one’s vocal abilities for shouting purposes and
intimidating body language pays more than any set of BIM
skills does.
So, why should they take on something complex and difficult,
like learning BIM from scratch?
The Culprits……
What?
1. The ‘corrupt’ (speculative) nature of the Industry across the world
2. The participants that make up the industry form a ‘two layered cake’ of doers and managers3. ‘Shouting and bullying’ are the most widespread of tools 4. Career Progression prospects for graduates are compromised if they take on BIM
5. Lack of incentive for the ‘upper crust’ to change their own behavior.
Numbers 1 and 5, are such significant, yet almost impossible to eliminate
factors, that most ‘BIM promoters’ tend to tiptoe around them, or ignore
them, altogether.
Unfortunately, they are the bookends to a body of factors,
that keep the ‘resistance to BIM so strong’.
They ARE ……
What?
Corrupt/speculative construction and Low Participation in BIM
BIM
promoters
the proverbial elephants in the room and
we must acknowledge them
What?
…that any industry can afford such a large part of it to be
practically ‘information illiterate’ is naïve.
The claim that certain people are too expensive or too
knowledgeable to be wasting time on learning the
language of the industry is pure arrogance.
The IDEA ……
Resistance……
What?
But people DO not like being pushed where they do not want to go.
People only make significant efforts to get out of their comfort zones,
either because of the incentives are attractive and desirable
or because the consequences of not doing it are highly damaging.
Solution……
What?
The Paper Free Construction Site
XAfter years of chewing over various ideas, I
came up with the concept of the
‘paper free construction site project’
as a possible solution of (for lack of any
nicer word)
forcing true BIM literacy onto the industry.
What?
Now, many will say,
X
…that there is nothing new to this idea.
That, there are many-many projects currently delivered with very
little or no paper drawings involved, for example, all marking up is
done through digital viewers.
While I do give credit to these exercises I am yet to see them
turning large numbers of ‘managers’ into BIM practitioners
What?
The Paper Free Construction Site
MY
X
1. BIM is a useful set of tools and it should be given a
decent chance for succeeding.
2. Unfortunately, BIM only really works when
everyone is doing it on any one project.
3. For ‘everyone’ to be doing it, the non-hands on
upper crust needs to get out its comfort zone and
become BIM literate.
4. It is unlikely be self-motivated to do so, unless
really ‘pushed’.
5. A combination of a true ‘stick and carrot’ approach
should work the best.
Why?
How?
What?
The Paper Free Construction Site:
X
How?Select a project, select your
people, instruct them to do their
job whatever way they see fit,
but without the crutches they
are used to have.
Value them for what they do
know (core competencies) and
support them to get the skills
they don’t have.
Make them truly accountable for
the results.
They will be rewarded if they
succeed
X
What?
The Paper Free Construction Site
Why?
X X
But you can rightly ask, ‘why focus on the paper – or
lack of it?’ Why take away the drafting/modeling
force?
What difference can it make?
It can. The impact will derive from their absence.
What?
The ‘dangerous’ paper…
Currently ‘paper’ is misused for
creating a perception of project
delivery.
We produce (and print) tens of
thousands of drawings often
meaningless, uncoordinated,
unmanageable, to prove work is
being done.
We write and print minutes and
reports to underline the same.
Yet the more we print, the less
time we spend on really doing
our job, understanding,
developing and building
buildings.
What?
The ‘dangerous’ paper…Apart from the ‘abuse by
numbers’, paper also allows
some other, unsavory
practices within projects,
aiding Claim based
manipulations by QS-es,
mudding up the waters by
planners,
letting Project Managers
away with blaming everyone
else for everything,
all adding to the crookedness
of the industry and giving no
chance to BIM gain traction
What?
The Paper Free Construction Site…
puts the onus back on the
‘building makers’ (including all
participants) to go back to their
core jobs and truly resolve
building issues in time (‘no
variation’ is going to be one of
the ‘sticks’)
utilizing whatever tools they
can put their hands on, but
taking away their ‘crutches’,
that of paper, BIM modelers
and CAD drafters.
What?
The Paper Free Construction Site…
Two-layered cake, no more,
or
a change ENVIRONMENT
motivating
EVERYONE to do things digitally.
X
What?
The Paper Free Construction Site
Fence (paper free area)
Gate
Gate
house
Site offices
Literarily: Physical fencing,
monitoring, controlling the project are a
must for this ENVIRONMENT,
for it to remain ‘crutch-less’ and mature.
Referring back to the ‘language’ issue ……
What?
the main goal is to re-establish a language
that crosses all internal boundaries.
To make those, that create the buildings
figure out how to ‘talk to each other’
meaningfully, including the managers, but
with no ‘double handling’ of the information.
X
What?
The Paper Free Construction Site
1. Choose a sluggish job market (people keen to keep their jobs)
2. Select an open minded and committed client and a medium sized project.
3. Establish a strictly ‘no paper environment’ for key participants to work in. (a
physically isolated space controlled, guarded)
4. Hire people with good core competencies and good attitude (ignore their
previous BIM experiences)
5. Provide good support for up-skilling and assist with procuring tools, but leave
the initiative, motivation and choice of tools to the individuals (support should be
in the form of a ‘crew of helpers’ not modelers, CAD drafters or BIM managers);
Current BIM practicioners should not be worried, these support crews will keep
them employed, jut under new roles and responsibilities;
6. Sign a mutual pledge between the ‘client’ and the ‘deliverers’ to commit to make
it work
7. Set up a No variations, no extensions of time expectation (but allow reasonable
timeframe for the warming up period)
8. Offer a 10 % (or other agreed figure) bonus on completion on time and to budget
9. Allow people to fail and pick themselves up, but don’t make it too obvious, so
that they are not tempted to abuse it;
10.Budget for the process but in a way that everyone’s skin is in.
How to get it started:
What?
The Paper Free Construction Site
Fence (paper free area)
Gate
Gate
house
The day-to-day Process:
Consultants’
Info
(digital only)
Consultant-prepared information will come
to the construction site in whatever form it
is contractually available (CAD drawings,
PDFs, Design Models);
Only digital information will be allowed to
cross the gate, no paper or pens/pencils
within the fenced area.
What?
The Paper Free Construction Site
Fence (paper free area)
Gate
Gate
house
The day-to-day Process:
Consultants’
Info
(digital only)
Project Management
Everyone key to the project, PD, DMs,
PMs, planners, commercial managers, QS-
es, foremen, construction supervisors will
be based full time (working hours, of
course) on site.
What?
The Paper Free Construction Site
Fence (paper free area)
Gate
Gate
house
The day-to-day Process:
Consultants’
Info
(digital only)
Project Management
A crew of BIM specialist will be full time
available for assistance, they will not
however drive the process but assist. In
case of major dramas, they could step in
but only at the invitation of the main
participants and only to help getting
through a particular challenge as opposed
to doing the job for the others.
Crew of BIM helpers
What?
The Paper Free Construction Site
Fence (paper free area)
Gate
Gate
house
The day-to-day Process:
Consultants’
Info
(digital only)
Project Management
Shop-drawings if needed, will be prepared
outside and digitally imported onto the site.
All meetings relevant to the project will be
held on site.
External people could enter the site but
with no paper, diaries, sketches or pens..
Crew of BIM helpers
What?
At the end….
, …what I speculate will happen is, that
following a ‘surprise period’ of ‘no, this
can’t be happening’
… and an aggressive natural and/or
controlled selection between those that will
be prepared to give it a go and those that
will not….
What?
…the ones hanging in, will give the project a
decent go, even if they revert to well-known tools
like MS Paint and Power Point
What?
The assisting crew will also be there to shadow
the workings of the main team for the client, to
prepare regular reports on the quality and
integrity of information created and managed.
One can say, this is duplication of resources as
well, I argue this is a safety net, to keep the
project progressing, while the up skilling of the
main team is happening.
What?
The Paper Free Construction Site
At the end, at best, I believe the results
likely to be in the range of about 50%
success in the ‘no variations’ area
and 50% on the people ‘converted’.
It is unlikely that the BIM produced by the
main crew will be anywhere close to the
one produced by the ‘shadow-crew’ but the
results will still be significant.
What?
The Paper Free Construction Site
It is also likely that by the end the project will
be humming nicely
and the people, that succeed in this
experiment will ‘keep on giving’ to the
industry.
What?
The Paper Free Construction Site
They will turn into BIM literate ‘BIM bees’ carrying on
as PDs, DMs, PMs, planners, commercial managers,
foremen, construction inspectors etc.
They will demand the new ENVIRONMENT and way
of working in their new projects.
What?
The Paper Free Construction Site
X
…I expect these people, when they really
put their heads to it, will find the current set
of digital tools available to them off the
shelves unsatisfactory …
What?
The Paper Free Construction Site
…and because they will be allowed (even
encouraged to) look at other ‘non-conventional
digital tools’ they will meaningfully contribute to
software development
and in time to figuring out best practices and
standards.
What?
Going further…
In this era of ‘reality shows’ , the project can be
live-screened for others to see ,
could be even set up as a competition between
two similar sized projects maybe even two
competing companies.
What?
The side effect will be an added coolness,
to the process that would draw in and
retain fresh talent, the industry is so
desperate for.
What?
Conclusion:for BIM to survive and thrive, we need to work both
on the overall characteristics of the industry
and the level of uptake of the ‘language of BIM’.
I chose the construction phase as a starting point for
change.