Zigbee Nations
description
Transcript of Zigbee Nations
![Page 1: Zigbee Nations](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062310/56815fbf550346895dceba6b/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Zigbee NationsZigbee Nations
Team IPATeam IPAKirill BelyayevKirill Belyayev
Amjad ChaudhryAmjad ChaudhryArush DhawanArush Dhawan
Aditya KaundinyaAditya KaundinyaBilal YousufiBilal Yousufi
![Page 2: Zigbee Nations](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062310/56815fbf550346895dceba6b/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Amjad Chaudhry
Introduction/Zigbee Outline
![Page 3: Zigbee Nations](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062310/56815fbf550346895dceba6b/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
In-Car Automation and In-Car Automation and Monitoring SystemMonitoring System
Sensors are placed throughout a car and Sensors are placed throughout a car and wirelessly send data back to a central wirelessly send data back to a central terminalterminal– Data displayed on LCDData displayed on LCD– Zigbee is used to transmit and receive DataZigbee is used to transmit and receive Data– Audio and Visual Warnings will be given if a Audio and Visual Warnings will be given if a
sensor detects something has fallen below the sensor detects something has fallen below the threshold.threshold.
![Page 4: Zigbee Nations](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062310/56815fbf550346895dceba6b/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
What is Zigbee?What is Zigbee? Zigbee is a short-range wireless connectivity Zigbee is a short-range wireless connectivity
option ideal for low- power and low data rate option ideal for low- power and low data rate applications based on the IEEE 802.15.4 applications based on the IEEE 802.15.4 standardstandard
Zigbee devices may run for several years Zigbee devices may run for several years with an original battery because of its low with an original battery because of its low power consumption. power consumption.
It works well in noisy environments, mesh It works well in noisy environments, mesh networking networking
Zigbee operates at 2.4 GHzZigbee operates at 2.4 GHz
![Page 5: Zigbee Nations](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062310/56815fbf550346895dceba6b/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
ImplementationImplementation We will use Zigbee technology to measure different We will use Zigbee technology to measure different
components of a car and display the data on a main components of a car and display the data on a main LCD screen. LCD screen. – Tire PressureTire Pressure– TemperatureTemperature– Battery Voltage Battery Voltage – Proximity SensorProximity Sensor– Fluid SensorFluid Sensor
If any of the sensors detect a critical level our If any of the sensors detect a critical level our system will be used to provide audio/visual system will be used to provide audio/visual warnings to the driver. warnings to the driver.
![Page 6: Zigbee Nations](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062310/56815fbf550346895dceba6b/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
ImplementationImplementationThe basic steps in order to accomplish this goal are to:The basic steps in order to accomplish this goal are to: Implement Zigbee Wireless Configuration. We send one digital value Implement Zigbee Wireless Configuration. We send one digital value
from one chip to other chip. from one chip to other chip. Send Multiples Values and store them in some database. Send Multiples Values and store them in some database. A/D Converter – Convert Some Analog Signal to DigitalA/D Converter – Convert Some Analog Signal to Digital Display the data on an LCD screenDisplay the data on an LCD screen Our primary goal would be to make this system modular. Our primary goal would be to make this system modular.
– For example, we could add any type of sensor, and it would integrate into the For example, we could add any type of sensor, and it would integrate into the systemsystem
![Page 7: Zigbee Nations](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062310/56815fbf550346895dceba6b/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
GoalsGoals
MinimumMinimum– Zigbee Based Tire Pressure Monitor that Zigbee Based Tire Pressure Monitor that
transmits data to a central terminal where it can transmits data to a central terminal where it can be displayed on a LCDbe displayed on a LCD
OptimalOptimal– Multiple Sensors that transmit through Zigbee Multiple Sensors that transmit through Zigbee
Wirelessly to a central terminal, where that data Wirelessly to a central terminal, where that data can be stored, manipulated, and displayed on a can be stored, manipulated, and displayed on a LCDLCD
![Page 8: Zigbee Nations](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062310/56815fbf550346895dceba6b/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
MotivationMotivation A 15 psi loss from the optimal tire pressure A 15 psi loss from the optimal tire pressure
will increase fuel consumption between 10% will increase fuel consumption between 10% to 15% to 15%
Proper tire inflation will increase tire life by Proper tire inflation will increase tire life by over 25% over 25%
Proper tire inflation will also increase the Proper tire inflation will also increase the tire’s responsiveness, traction, and handling.tire’s responsiveness, traction, and handling.
Other sensors will monitor the different Other sensors will monitor the different components of the car.components of the car.
Save Fuel. Increase EfficiencySave Fuel. Increase Efficiency
SafetySafety Increase ReliabilityIncrease Reliability
![Page 9: Zigbee Nations](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062310/56815fbf550346895dceba6b/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Parking Sensors
Tire Pressure Sensors
Fluids level Sensors
Temperature sensors
Battery voltage sensors
LCD Screen
Keypad Speaker
Main Terminal
System ArchitectureSystem Architecture
![Page 10: Zigbee Nations](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062310/56815fbf550346895dceba6b/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Bilal Yousufi
Power
![Page 11: Zigbee Nations](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062310/56815fbf550346895dceba6b/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Physical IssuesPhysical Issues
The Final Build will need to be hardened The Final Build will need to be hardened against the elements such asagainst the elements such as– Shock (i.e. Bumpy Roads)Shock (i.e. Bumpy Roads)– Extreme Weather (Operating Temperature Extreme Weather (Operating Temperature
between -20 between -20 °C°C to 50 to 50 °C°C» Sensors should have small temperature coefficients Sensors should have small temperature coefficients
or will need compensated based on environmental or will need compensated based on environmental factorsfactors
– WaterproofedWaterproofed
![Page 12: Zigbee Nations](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062310/56815fbf550346895dceba6b/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Power SystemPower System
![Page 13: Zigbee Nations](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062310/56815fbf550346895dceba6b/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Power Architecture for Primary Power Architecture for Primary TerminalTerminal
Car Battery Buck Converter
LCD Screen5V
Main Terminal3.3V
Voltage Sensor Auto-Off
![Page 14: Zigbee Nations](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062310/56815fbf550346895dceba6b/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Issues with using a Car BatteryIssues with using a Car Battery
Battery DrainBattery Drain– Auto-Off Switch if Battery Voltage drops too Auto-Off Switch if Battery Voltage drops too
lowlow– Mechanical Hard Switch when not in useMechanical Hard Switch when not in use
Power Surges on Car Start-UpPower Surges on Car Start-Up– Possible SolutionsPossible Solutions
» Capacitors in parallel with BatteryCapacitors in parallel with Battery» UPS Connected to BatteryUPS Connected to Battery
![Page 15: Zigbee Nations](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062310/56815fbf550346895dceba6b/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Development Phase OverviewDevelopment Phase Overview
We will use AC/DC Power Supplies to We will use AC/DC Power Supplies to power up our system power up our system
![Page 16: Zigbee Nations](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062310/56815fbf550346895dceba6b/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Actual Build OverviewActual Build Overview
The Car Battery will be the main source of The Car Battery will be the main source of power. power.
A DC-DC Converter will be used to step-A DC-DC Converter will be used to step-down to the appropriate voltagesdown to the appropriate voltages
A Voltage Regulator will be used to ensure A Voltage Regulator will be used to ensure the the microchips are safe from variations the the microchips are safe from variations in the battery voltage, temperature, and in the battery voltage, temperature, and other environmental factorsother environmental factors
![Page 17: Zigbee Nations](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062310/56815fbf550346895dceba6b/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Zigbee, Sensors, and Zigbee, Sensors, and MicrocontrollersMicrocontrollers
Burst TransmissionsBurst Transmissions Development PhaseDevelopment Phase
– Power AdaptersPower Adapters Final Build Final Build
– Main Board will be Connected to Car BatteryMain Board will be Connected to Car Battery– Sensors, and attached Zigbee will be powered Sensors, and attached Zigbee will be powered
by batteryby battery
![Page 18: Zigbee Nations](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062310/56815fbf550346895dceba6b/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Zigbee, Sensors, and Zigbee, Sensors, and MicrocontrollersMicrocontrollers
Sensor and Zigbee Power Supply Issues– The Wireless Sensors that are placed
throughout the car will need an independent power source
– Sensors’ Maximum Power Dissipation 20mA» Zigbee Transmitters Run at 3.3V. The sensors we
will using will run at voltage between 3V to 6V Solution: Buck-Boost Converter
![Page 19: Zigbee Nations](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062310/56815fbf550346895dceba6b/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Kirill Belyayev
User Interface/Software
![Page 20: Zigbee Nations](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062310/56815fbf550346895dceba6b/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Main TerminalMain Terminal
MC9S08GT60Freescale 8 bit
MC13192 2.4 GHzRF Data Modem
RS 232DB9
Serial Port
F-51851LCD Screen
PLD
RTC (optional)
Speaker or buzzer(+ D/A if required)
Keypad
EEPROM(optional)
![Page 21: Zigbee Nations](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062310/56815fbf550346895dceba6b/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
LCDLCD OPTREX F-51851OPTREX F-51851 Graphic Monochrome LCDGraphic Monochrome LCD 240 x 64 dots240 x 64 dots 8 bit parallel8 bit parallel
![Page 22: Zigbee Nations](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062310/56815fbf550346895dceba6b/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Development Board Development Board 13192DSK-A0E13192DSK-A0E
Two 2.4 GHz wireless nodes compatible with the IEEE 802.15.4 standard Two 2.4 GHz wireless nodes compatible with the IEEE 802.15.4 standard MC13192 2.4 GHz RF data modem MC13192 2.4 GHz RF data modem MC9S08GT60 low-voltage, low-power 8-bit MCU for baseband operations MC9S08GT60 low-voltage, low-power 8-bit MCU for baseband operations Integrated sensors Integrated sensors MMA6261Q 1.5g X-Y-axis accelerometer + MMA1260D 1.5g Z-axis accelerometer MMA6261Q 1.5g X-Y-axis accelerometer + MMA1260D 1.5g Z-axis accelerometer Printed transmit-and-receive antennae Printed transmit-and-receive antennae Onboard expansion capabilities for external application- specific development activities Onboard expansion capabilities for external application- specific development activities Onboard BDM port for MCU Flash reprogramming and in- circuit hardware debugging Onboard BDM port for MCU Flash reprogramming and in- circuit hardware debugging RS-232 port for monitoring and Flash programming RS-232 port for monitoring and Flash programming LEDs and switches for demonstration, monitoring and control LEDs and switches for demonstration, monitoring and control Connections for nine-volt battery or external power supply Connections for nine-volt battery or external power supply * Hardware supports Freescale's IEEE 802.15.4 MAC and example SMAC software * Hardware supports Freescale's IEEE 802.15.4 MAC and example SMAC software * Preprogrammed accelerometer demonstration and additional downloadable sample applications * Preprogrammed accelerometer demonstration and additional downloadable sample applications * Metrowerks' CodeWarrior Development Studio for HCS08 special edition * Includes USB HCS08 BDM * Metrowerks' CodeWarrior Development Studio for HCS08 special edition * Includes USB HCS08 BDM
Multilink Programmer (13192DSK-BDM only) NOTE: Requires a HCS08 BDM Multilink Programmer for debug Multilink Programmer (13192DSK-BDM only) NOTE: Requires a HCS08 BDM Multilink Programmer for debug and program capability and program capability
![Page 23: Zigbee Nations](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062310/56815fbf550346895dceba6b/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Development BoardDevelopment Board
![Page 24: Zigbee Nations](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062310/56815fbf550346895dceba6b/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Software OverviewSoftware Overview
We will use CodeWarrior (developed by Freescale We will use CodeWarrior (developed by Freescale Semicondoctor) as our programming environment. Semicondoctor) as our programming environment.
The Microcontroller utilizes MAC(Media-The Microcontroller utilizes MAC(Media-Access-Control) functions to instruct the Zigbee Access-Control) functions to instruct the Zigbee transceiver.transceiver.
We will be writing our code in the C language We will be writing our code in the C language with the use MAC functions.with the use MAC functions.
Code will be written for the data Code will be written for the data transmission/collection and the user interface.transmission/collection and the user interface.
![Page 25: Zigbee Nations](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062310/56815fbf550346895dceba6b/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Aditya Kaundinya
Sensors
![Page 26: Zigbee Nations](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062310/56815fbf550346895dceba6b/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
SensorsSensorsTransmitter
MicroController
Sensor
A/D
RF
BuiltInto
Sensor Chip
![Page 27: Zigbee Nations](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062310/56815fbf550346895dceba6b/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Tire Pressure Monitoring
Used to warn driver of below-optimal tire pressure.
GE – NPX-1 sensor Battery Supply Voltage – typically 3 V Digital output 450-1400 kPa pressure range
![Page 28: Zigbee Nations](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062310/56815fbf550346895dceba6b/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Distance Sensor
Used to warn driver of objects when backing out of driveway, etc.
IR Proximity Sensor - Sharp GP2Y0A21YK
4.5 V to 5.5 V operating voltage 30 mA average current consumption 10 cm to 80 cm range (4" to 32")
![Page 29: Zigbee Nations](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062310/56815fbf550346895dceba6b/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Temperature Sensor
Can be used to automatically adjust temperature within the car.
Sensirion - SHT10 sensor Temp. accuracy: +/- 0.5°C @ 25 °C Calibrated & digital output (2-wire
interface) Low power consumption (typ. 30 µW)
![Page 30: Zigbee Nations](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062310/56815fbf550346895dceba6b/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Arush Dhawan
Sensors/Logistics
![Page 31: Zigbee Nations](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062310/56815fbf550346895dceba6b/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Voltage and Current Sensor for Battery
A voltage sensor for detecting a terminal voltage of a battery connected to a load.
A current sensor for detecting a current flowing from the battery to the load.
Means for collecting the voltage value detected by the voltage sensor and the current value detected by the current sensor every predetermined time.
The voltage and current values are then transmitted to the main terminal which is then displayed on the LCD screen.
Audible and/or visual warning when Voltage becomes low (falls below 12V)
![Page 32: Zigbee Nations](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062310/56815fbf550346895dceba6b/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
ScheduleSchedule
![Page 33: Zigbee Nations](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062310/56815fbf550346895dceba6b/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Division of LaborDivision of Labor
Kirill Belyayev Amjad Chaudhry Arush Dhawan Aditya Kaundinya Bilal YousufiZigbee Hardware X X XMain Board X XSensor Implementation X XZigbee Software X XSensor Software X XPCB Layout/Soldering X XPower X XInstallation X X X X X
Team MembersDivision of Labor
![Page 34: Zigbee Nations](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062310/56815fbf550346895dceba6b/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
BudgetBudgetPart Cost Quantity Total Cost SupplierDevelopment Kit 350 1 350 FreescaleTire Pressure Sensors 25 4 100 GEVoltage Sensor 15 1 15 FreescaleCurrent Sensor 15 1 15 FreescaleProximity Sensors 10 6 60 FreescaleTemperature Sensors 10 2 20 FreescaleWeather Proof Casing 10 5 50PCB Boards 100 1 100Misc Circuit Components 75 1 7525W Buck Converter 35 1 35Converters (<1W) 10 5 50LCD 60 1 60Keypad 30 1 30Speaker 10 1 10Centeral Terminal Case 10 1 10Batteries 10 10 100Zigbee Transceivers 10 12 120 FreescaleZigbee Microcontrollers 6 12 72 Freescale
Total 1272.00Remaining -272.00
![Page 35: Zigbee Nations](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062310/56815fbf550346895dceba6b/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Risks and Fallback OptionsRisks and Fallback Options Digital Wireless Technology is unfamiliar technology for us. We are lacking Digital Wireless Technology is unfamiliar technology for us. We are lacking
experience with Zigbee, and we might run out of time.experience with Zigbee, and we might run out of time.– It will take at least a month to familiarize ourselves with the technology. It will take at least a month to familiarize ourselves with the technology.
For this reason, our project is scalable, and we can add or subtract sensors For this reason, our project is scalable, and we can add or subtract sensors depending on how much time we have. depending on how much time we have.
Sensors implementation ( Specifically - Sensor to Zigbee Communication) Sensors implementation ( Specifically - Sensor to Zigbee Communication) will take significant time to fully understand.will take significant time to fully understand.
![Page 36: Zigbee Nations](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062310/56815fbf550346895dceba6b/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
ExtensionsExtensions
Implement OBD (On-Board Diagnostics) Implement OBD (On-Board Diagnostics) with Zigbeewith Zigbee– Nearly all cars made after 1998 have a built in Nearly all cars made after 1998 have a built in
OBD system that uses sensors all around the OBD system that uses sensors all around the car, usually only available to mechanics.car, usually only available to mechanics.
» Not a Standardized SystemNot a Standardized System» Proprietary Software used to download data from Proprietary Software used to download data from
sensors.sensors.
![Page 37: Zigbee Nations](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062310/56815fbf550346895dceba6b/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Questions?Questions?