ZERO-MAGNETISATION SPIN-SOURCES · ZERO MAGNETISATION SPIN-SOURCES. EXPERIMENT 1 The Spin-Hall...

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Chiara Ciccarelli University of Cambridge SPICE workshop on anti-ferromagnetic spintronics 26-30 September 2016 ZERO-MAGNETISATION SPIN-SOURCES

Transcript of ZERO-MAGNETISATION SPIN-SOURCES · ZERO MAGNETISATION SPIN-SOURCES. EXPERIMENT 1 The Spin-Hall...

Page 1: ZERO-MAGNETISATION SPIN-SOURCES · ZERO MAGNETISATION SPIN-SOURCES. EXPERIMENT 1 The Spin-Hall effect in anti-ferromagnets. x y z NiFe(4 nm) IrMn (4 nm) Seed layer! We determine the

Chiara CiccarelliUniversity of Cambridge

SPICEworkshoponanti-ferromagneticspintronics26-30September2016

ZERO-MAGNETISATIONSPIN-SOURCES

Page 2: ZERO-MAGNETISATION SPIN-SOURCES · ZERO MAGNETISATION SPIN-SOURCES. EXPERIMENT 1 The Spin-Hall effect in anti-ferromagnets. x y z NiFe(4 nm) IrMn (4 nm) Seed layer! We determine the

Spin-Halleffectinanti-ferromagnets Element-selectivespin-emission

Spin-pumpingfromananti-ferromagnet

1

3

2

ZEROMAGNETISATIONSPIN-SOURCES

Page 3: ZERO-MAGNETISATION SPIN-SOURCES · ZERO MAGNETISATION SPIN-SOURCES. EXPERIMENT 1 The Spin-Hall effect in anti-ferromagnets. x y z NiFe(4 nm) IrMn (4 nm) Seed layer! We determine the

EXPERIMENT1TheSpin-Halleffectinanti-ferromagnets

Page 4: ZERO-MAGNETISATION SPIN-SOURCES · ZERO MAGNETISATION SPIN-SOURCES. EXPERIMENT 1 The Spin-Hall effect in anti-ferromagnets. x y z NiFe(4 nm) IrMn (4 nm) Seed layer! We determine the

xy

z

NiFe (4nm)

IrMn (4nm)Seedlayer

𝐦

Wedeterminethecurrent-inducedfieldsbyFMR

θ B

Page 5: ZERO-MAGNETISATION SPIN-SOURCES · ZERO MAGNETISATION SPIN-SOURCES. EXPERIMENT 1 The Spin-Hall effect in anti-ferromagnets. x y z NiFe(4 nm) IrMn (4 nm) Seed layer! We determine the

xy

z

NiFe (4nm)

IrMn (4nm)Seedlayer

𝐦

Wedeterminethecurrent-inducedfieldsbyFMR

θ B

Vdc

V t = R ωt ×I ωt =

=V)* + V(2ωt)

Tulapurkar,Nature2005Fang,NatureNano2011

Page 6: ZERO-MAGNETISATION SPIN-SOURCES · ZERO MAGNETISATION SPIN-SOURCES. EXPERIMENT 1 The Spin-Hall effect in anti-ferromagnets. x y z NiFe(4 nm) IrMn (4 nm) Seed layer! We determine the

xy

z

NiFe (4nm)

IrMn (4nm)Seedlayer

𝐦

θ B

Vdc

hz 1.13∓0.05mT

hy 1.04∓0.03mT

hOe 1.09∓0.07mT

@107 A/cm2

𝐡𝐳~𝛔×𝐦

Wedeterminethecurrent-inducedfieldsbyFMR

hyhz

Tshitoyan,PRB2015

Page 7: ZERO-MAGNETISATION SPIN-SOURCES · ZERO MAGNETISATION SPIN-SOURCES. EXPERIMENT 1 The Spin-Hall effect in anti-ferromagnets. x y z NiFe(4 nm) IrMn (4 nm) Seed layer! We determine the

SHE-STTorELSE?

seedIrMn (4nm)

NiFe (4nm)Cu(2nm)

qSH(Ir20Mn80)∼0.8qSH(Pt)Mendes,2014q(Ir50Mn50)∼2% Zhang,2014

qSH =5.6%

Tshitoyan,PRB2015

Page 8: ZERO-MAGNETISATION SPIN-SOURCES · ZERO MAGNETISATION SPIN-SOURCES. EXPERIMENT 1 The Spin-Hall effect in anti-ferromagnets. x y z NiFe(4 nm) IrMn (4 nm) Seed layer! We determine the

SHE-STTorELSE?

qSH =22%

Tshitoyan,PRB2015

seedIrMn (4nm)

NiFe (4nm)Cu(2nm)

seedIrMn (4nm)

NiFe (4nm)

Page 9: ZERO-MAGNETISATION SPIN-SOURCES · ZERO MAGNETISATION SPIN-SOURCES. EXPERIMENT 1 The Spin-Hall effect in anti-ferromagnets. x y z NiFe(4 nm) IrMn (4 nm) Seed layer! We determine the

TheSHangleiscorrelatedtotheexchangefield

qSH =22%

Tshitoyan,PRB2015

Page 10: ZERO-MAGNETISATION SPIN-SOURCES · ZERO MAGNETISATION SPIN-SOURCES. EXPERIMENT 1 The Spin-Hall effect in anti-ferromagnets. x y z NiFe(4 nm) IrMn (4 nm) Seed layer! We determine the

Coupleddynamicsmightbeattheoriginoftheincreaseinhz

µ>𝛻H ω = µ>𝛻HABC + αEFFωγ

Tshitoyan,PRB2015

Page 11: ZERO-MAGNETISATION SPIN-SOURCES · ZERO MAGNETISATION SPIN-SOURCES. EXPERIMENT 1 The Spin-Hall effect in anti-ferromagnets. x y z NiFe(4 nm) IrMn (4 nm) Seed layer! We determine the

Coupleddynamicsmightbeattheoriginoftheincreaseinhz

µ>𝛻H ω = µ>𝛻HABC + αEFFωγ

WegetanegativevalueofGmixUnphysical

αEFF = αHI + αEJTshitoyan,PRB2015Tserkovnyak,PRB2002

Page 12: ZERO-MAGNETISATION SPIN-SOURCES · ZERO MAGNETISATION SPIN-SOURCES. EXPERIMENT 1 The Spin-Hall effect in anti-ferromagnets. x y z NiFe(4 nm) IrMn (4 nm) Seed layer! We determine the

EXPERIMENT2Element-selectivespinemissionfroma

ferrimagnet

Page 13: ZERO-MAGNETISATION SPIN-SOURCES · ZERO MAGNETISATION SPIN-SOURCES. EXPERIMENT 1 The Spin-Hall effect in anti-ferromagnets. x y z NiFe(4 nm) IrMn (4 nm) Seed layer! We determine the

Ultra-fastspinemissioninmagneticbilayers

Inthiscasetheemittedspincurrentisalignedwiththenetmagnetisation.

Isitpossibletohavezero-magnetisationspintronicemittersofTHzradiation?

T.Seifertetal.,NaturePhotonics2016T.Kampfrath etal.,NatureNanotech.2013

Page 14: ZERO-MAGNETISATION SPIN-SOURCES · ZERO MAGNETISATION SPIN-SOURCES. EXPERIMENT 1 The Spin-Hall effect in anti-ferromagnets. x y z NiFe(4 nm) IrMn (4 nm) Seed layer! We determine the

3d-4falloys

Page 15: ZERO-MAGNETISATION SPIN-SOURCES · ZERO MAGNETISATION SPIN-SOURCES. EXPERIMENT 1 The Spin-Hall effect in anti-ferromagnets. x y z NiFe(4 nm) IrMn (4 nm) Seed layer! We determine the

C.D.Stanciu etal.,PRB2006J.Becker,PhDthesis,2016

3d-4falloys

Page 16: ZERO-MAGNETISATION SPIN-SOURCES · ZERO MAGNETISATION SPIN-SOURCES. EXPERIMENT 1 The Spin-Hall effect in anti-ferromagnets. x y z NiFe(4 nm) IrMn (4 nm) Seed layer! We determine the

150 200 250 3000

20

40

60

80

Mag

netis

atio

n (e

mu/

cm3 )

Temperature (K)

SiN(5nm)

Pt(2nm)Gd25Fe65.6Co9.4(20nm)

SiN(5nm)

EASYAXIS

Glass

Temperature(K)0100200300400 500600700

M(Gd)

M(Fe)

GdFeCo hasacompensationtemperatureatwhichM=0

Page 17: ZERO-MAGNETISATION SPIN-SOURCES · ZERO MAGNETISATION SPIN-SOURCES. EXPERIMENT 1 The Spin-Hall effect in anti-ferromagnets. x y z NiFe(4 nm) IrMn (4 nm) Seed layer! We determine the

800nm50fs

zL

E(t) ≈ σAI(t)×zL

WeuseTHzemissionspectroscopytomeasurespin-emission

Page 18: ZERO-MAGNETISATION SPIN-SOURCES · ZERO MAGNETISATION SPIN-SOURCES. EXPERIMENT 1 The Spin-Hall effect in anti-ferromagnets. x y z NiFe(4 nm) IrMn (4 nm) Seed layer! We determine the

446 447 448 449 450

-20

0

20

S(t)

(10-

6 )

time (ps)

2T -2T

ROOMTEMPERATURE

446 447 448 449 450 451

-20

-10

0

10

20

S(t)

(10-

6 )

time (ps)

0.5 from glass side 0.5 from GdFeCo side

𝛔𝐢𝐩(𝐭)

𝛔𝐢𝐩(𝐭)

BB

ThemittedTHzradiationhasthesymmetryoftheISHE

B B

𝛔𝐢𝐩(𝐭) 𝛔𝐢𝐩(𝐭)

Page 19: ZERO-MAGNETISATION SPIN-SOURCES · ZERO MAGNETISATION SPIN-SOURCES. EXPERIMENT 1 The Spin-Hall effect in anti-ferromagnets. x y z NiFe(4 nm) IrMn (4 nm) Seed layer! We determine the

-2 -1 0 1 2-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

10

20

30

40

50

S(t)

(10-

6 )

B (T)

150 K 280 K

B

BELOWTcomp

B

ABOVETcomp

ThemittedTHzradiationissensitivetotheFespinonly

Gd

Fe

Gd

Fe

Page 20: ZERO-MAGNETISATION SPIN-SOURCES · ZERO MAGNETISATION SPIN-SOURCES. EXPERIMENT 1 The Spin-Hall effect in anti-ferromagnets. x y z NiFe(4 nm) IrMn (4 nm) Seed layer! We determine the

-2 -1 0 1 2-50

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

10

20

30

40

50

S(t)

(10-

6 )

B (T)

150 K 160 K 170 K 180 K 190 K

ThemittedTHzradiationissensitivetotheFespinonly

E = −MUB sin θ1 −M\B sin θ2 + JMUM\ cos θ1 + θ2 −

−K2MU\ cos\ θ −

K2M\\ cos\ φ

𝐌𝟏

𝐌𝟐

Page 21: ZERO-MAGNETISATION SPIN-SOURCES · ZERO MAGNETISATION SPIN-SOURCES. EXPERIMENT 1 The Spin-Hall effect in anti-ferromagnets. x y z NiFe(4 nm) IrMn (4 nm) Seed layer! We determine the

EXPERIMENT3Spin-pumpingfromanti-ferromagnets

Page 22: ZERO-MAGNETISATION SPIN-SOURCES · ZERO MAGNETISATION SPIN-SOURCES. EXPERIMENT 1 The Spin-Hall effect in anti-ferromagnets. x y z NiFe(4 nm) IrMn (4 nm) Seed layer! We determine the

FERROMAGNETS

Spin-pumpingfromanAFM

R.Chengetal.,PRL2014

ANTI-FERROMAGNETS

Page 23: ZERO-MAGNETISATION SPIN-SOURCES · ZERO MAGNETISATION SPIN-SOURCES. EXPERIMENT 1 The Spin-Hall effect in anti-ferromagnets. x y z NiFe(4 nm) IrMn (4 nm) Seed layer! We determine the

FERROMAGNETS

Spin-pumpingfromanAFM

R.Chengetal.,PRL2014

ANTI-FERROMAGNETS

100010

001

KNiF3

TN=246KEg=6.2eV

D.Bossini etal.,PRB2014

Page 24: ZERO-MAGNETISATION SPIN-SOURCES · ZERO MAGNETISATION SPIN-SOURCES. EXPERIMENT 1 The Spin-Hall effect in anti-ferromagnets. x y z NiFe(4 nm) IrMn (4 nm) Seed layer! We determine the

FERROMAGNETS

Spin-pumpingfromanAFM

R.Chengetal.,PRL2014

ANTI-FERROMAGNETS

D.Bossini etal.,PRB2014

Page 25: ZERO-MAGNETISATION SPIN-SOURCES · ZERO MAGNETISATION SPIN-SOURCES. EXPERIMENT 1 The Spin-Hall effect in anti-ferromagnets. x y z NiFe(4 nm) IrMn (4 nm) Seed layer! We determine the

Spin-Halleffectinanti-ferromagnets Element-selectivespin-emission

Spin-pumpingfromananti-ferromagnet

SUMMARY

CambridgeVahe TshytoyanAndrewIrvineAndrewFerguson

LeedsTomMooreAndreiMihai,MannanAli

PragueTomasJungwirth

1

3

2

NijmegenAlexeyKimelThomasHuismanRostislav MikhaylovskiyTheoRasing

NijmegenAlexeyKimelThomasHuismanRostislav MikhaylovskiyTheoRasing

UniversityofTokyoDavide BossiniPragueZbynek SobanTomasJungwirth

LeedsTomMooreRowanTempleChrisMarrowsNottinghamAndrewRushforthBryanGallagher


Audience magnetisation 101

Audience magnetisation 101

Ward / Quartier 1...$K $K $K $ $K!C nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm …

Ward / Quartier 1...$K $K $K $ $K!C nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm …

Dwarf galaxies and the Magnetisation of the IGM

Dwarf galaxies and the Magnetisation of the IGM

Oregon Institute of Technology L ß ns 97 Hi UPPER · ns nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm!r!O B-27 B-26 B-25 B-24 B-23 B-18 B-17 B-16 B-15 B-14

Oregon Institute of Technology L ß ns 97 Hi UPPER · ns nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm!r!O B-27 B-26 B-25 B-24 B-23 B-18 B-17 B-16 B-15 B-14

Fixtured Tool Suspension - FTS Brochure...Demag KBK II 500 Nm 1000 Nm 500 Nm 1000 Nm 1000 Nm 1500 Nm 1000 Nm 1500 Nm Duren DR I 270 Nm 500 Nm 270 Nm - 600 Nm 1500 Nm 900 Nm 1500 Nm

Fixtured Tool Suspension - FTS Brochure...Demag KBK II 500 Nm 1000 Nm 500 Nm 1000 Nm 1000 Nm 1500 Nm 1000 Nm 1500 Nm Duren DR I 270 Nm 500 Nm 270 Nm - 600 Nm 1500 Nm 900 Nm 1500 Nm

arXiv:1611.07691v2 [cond-mat.mes-hall] 19 Dec 2016X-ray imaging of spin currents and magnetisation dynamics at the nanoscale 3 as the new opportunities o ered by di raction limited

arXiv:1611.07691v2 [cond-mat.mes-hall] 19 Dec 2016X-ray imaging of spin currents and magnetisation dynamics at the nanoscale 3 as the new opportunities o ered by di raction limited

Modelling of bulk superconductor magnetisation

Modelling of bulk superconductor magnetisation

22. IMAGING MAGNETIC STRUCTURES USING TEMmx.nthu.edu.tw/~zhwei/member/handbook/Ch22_683-715.pdfLorentz microscopy of a spin valve film, NiFe (2 nm)/Cu/NiFe (10 nm), has been performed

22. IMAGING MAGNETIC STRUCTURES USING TEMmx.nthu.edu.tw/~zhwei/member/handbook/Ch22_683-715.pdfLorentz microscopy of a spin valve film, NiFe (2 nm)/Cu/NiFe (10 nm), has been performed

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SYRIA REFUGEE RESPONSE - reliefweb.intreliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/WASH_Presence... · nm nm nmn nm n nm nm nm nmnm n nm nm nm nm nm nm nmn nm nm nmnmn nnm nm

13.9 Spin-Spin Splitting 13.9 Spin-Spin Splitting.

13.9 Spin-Spin Splitting 13.9 Spin-Spin Splitting.

Lawr enc , KSnm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm Õ" ñ k k k k ñ k s s s s s J^ L a k e View L ake Lake Alvamar K a n s a s r R i v e r Mary's Lake

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Spin Spin Spin

Spin Spin Spin

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Spin Effects in Organic Semiconductors - Prizztech Oy · PDF fileSpin Effects in Organic Semiconductors ... • The effect of disorder and impurity of the ... • 13 nm spin relaxation

Spin Effects in Organic Semiconductors - Prizztech Oy · PDF fileSpin Effects in Organic Semiconductors ... • The effect of disorder and impurity of the ... • 13 nm spin relaxation

Direction of magnetisation in core samples from … · Direction of magnetisation in core samples from drill holes Terry Lee1 ... sample is rotated during sampling. Some related problems

Direction of magnetisation in core samples from … · Direction of magnetisation in core samples from drill holes Terry Lee1 ... sample is rotated during sampling. Some related problems

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Part number: 044991 Dacia Sandero (HB)M6 M8 M10 M12 M12x100/110 M14 M16 M10x1,25 M12x1,25 M12x1,5 9,5 Nm 23 Nm 46 Nm 79 Nm 125 Nm 195 Nm 49 Nm 87 Nm 83 Nm 14 Nm 34 Nm 68 Nm 117 Nm

Part number: 044991 Dacia Sandero (HB)M6 M8 M10 M12 M12x100/110 M14 M16 M10x1,25 M12x1,25 M12x1,5 9,5 Nm 23 Nm 46 Nm 79 Nm 125 Nm 195 Nm 49 Nm 87 Nm 83 Nm 14 Nm 34 Nm 68 Nm 117 Nm