Zebrafish development Monday, May 26. Zebrafish An ideal subject for imaging and manipulation. Very...
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Transcript of Zebrafish development Monday, May 26. Zebrafish An ideal subject for imaging and manipulation. Very...
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Zebrafish development
Monday, May 26
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Zebrafish An ideal subject for imaging and manipulation.
Very small species of minnow Native to the Ganges region of India Named for distinctive stripes
Zebrafish have been popularized as a model for studying vertebrate development:
Cell biology and development Organ system development Genetic studies Toxicology Environmental biology
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Stages of Zebrafish Development
Key:
=Injection stage =Imaging stage
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Fertilization
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E381CoymOT8
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Devo gone wrong!
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Blastula Stages
1-cell 2-cell 4-cell 8-cell 32-cell
512-cell 1000-cell
Transcription begins
sphere dome 30% epiboly
4 2/3 hrs
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Cleavage in Zebrafish• What kind of cleavage occurs in fish?
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Cleavage in Zebrafish
• At the time of the mid-blastula transition three cell populations form:– yolk syncytial layer (YSL)– enveloping layer (EVL)– deep cells
• What is the importance of each?
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GASTRULATION is a complex series of cell movements that:
--rearranges cells, giving them new neighbors--results in the formation of 3 GERM LAYERS that will form
the subsequent embryo: ectoderm, endoderm and mesoderm
--forms the main body axes of the embryo (they were specified earlier but not formed)
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Animal and vegetal poles
• A blastula embryo is divided into two hemispheres: the animal pole and the vegetal pole.
• The animal pole consists of small cells that divide rapidly, in contrast with the vegetal pole below it. – The animal pole draws its name
from its liveliness relative to the slowly developing vegetal pole
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Gastrulation in Fish• How does gastrulation
begin?
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Gastrula Stages
50% germ ring shield
75% 90% bud
10 hr
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Three germ layers
Side view
top view
Skin & nervous system
Muscle & cardiovascular
Gut and liver
Animal pole
Vegetal pole
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ECTODERM----skin, nervous system, neural crest
MESODERM----muscle, bones, blood and vessels, kidney,gonads, connective tissue
ENDODERM----gut, liver, lungs, pancreas
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Gastrulation simplified
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Involution
Mesoderm & endoderm insideEctoderm outside
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Dorsal-VentralSide view
top view
dorsal
dorsal
ventral
ventral
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Involuting cell movements during gastrulation
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Convergence-Extension
convergence
extension
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Axis Formation in Fish
• How has it been demonstrated that the embryonic shield is critical to dorsal-ventral axis formation?
• What structures form from it?
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Axis Formation in Fish• How does notocord induce neural structures from
overlying ectoderm?
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Axis Formation in Fish• Where is the Nieuwkoop center and how does it
function?
What determines the anterior-posterior axis?
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Neurulation
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Neural tube (hollow):formed by subsequent closure of neural platein fish it is a rod first, then becomes hollow
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Fish1. neural plate forms on dorsal half of epiblast2. cells on both sides of median hinge point grow together3. rounded rod: neural keel
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Organogenesis
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