Yulia V. Ragulina Editors Industry Competitiveness ......Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems 115...

Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems 115

Aleksei V. BogovizYulia V. Ragulina Editors

Industry Competitiveness: Digitalization, Management, and IntegrationVolume 1

Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems

Volume 115

Series Editor

Janusz Kacprzyk, Systems Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences,Warsaw, Poland

Advisory Editors

Fernando Gomide, Department of Computer Engineering and Automation—DCA,School of Electrical and Computer Engineering—FEEC, University of Campinas—UNICAMP, São Paulo, BrazilOkyay Kaynak, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering,Bogazici University, Istanbul, TurkeyDerong Liu, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Universityof Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, USA; Institute of Automation, Chinese Academyof Sciences, Beijing, ChinaWitold Pedrycz, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada; Systems Research Institute,Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, PolandMarios M. Polycarpou, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,KIOS Research Center for Intelligent Systems and Networks, University of Cyprus,Nicosia, CyprusImre J. Rudas, Óbuda University, Budapest, HungaryJun Wang, Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong,Kowloon, Hong Kong

The series “Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems” publishes the latestdevelopments in Networks and Systems—quickly, informally and with high quality.Original research reported in proceedings and post-proceedings represents the coreof LNNS.

Volumes published in LNNS embrace all aspects and subfields of, as well as newchallenges in, Networks and Systems.

The series contains proceedings and edited volumes in systems and networks,spanning the areas of Cyber-Physical Systems, Autonomous Systems, SensorNetworks, Control Systems, Energy Systems, Automotive Systems, BiologicalSystems, Vehicular Networking and Connected Vehicles, Aerospace Systems,Automation, Manufacturing, Smart Grids, Nonlinear Systems, Power Systems,Robotics, Social Systems, Economic Systems and other. Of particular value to boththe contributors and the readership are the short publication timeframe and theworld-wide distribution and exposure which enable both a wide and rapiddissemination of research output.

The series covers the theory, applications, and perspectives on the state of the artand future developments relevant to systems and networks, decision making, control,complex processes and related areas, as embedded in the fields of interdisciplinaryand applied sciences, engineering, computer science, physics, economics, social, andlife sciences, as well as the paradigms and methodologies behind them.

** Indexing: The books of this series are submitted to ISI Proceedings,SCOPUS, Google Scholar and Springerlink **

More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/15179

http://www.springer.com/series/15179

Aleksei V. Bogoviz • Yulia V. RagulinaEditors

Industry Competitiveness:Digitalization, Management,and IntegrationVolume 1

123

EditorsAleksei V. BogovizNational Research UniversityHigher School of EconomicsMoscow, Russia

Yulia V. RagulinaRUDN UniversityMoscow, Russia

ISSN 2367-3370 ISSN 2367-3389 (electronic)Lecture Notes in Networks and SystemsISBN 978-3-030-40748-3 ISBN 978-3-030-40749-0 (eBook)https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-40749-0

© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or partof the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations,recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmissionor information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilarmethodology now known or hereafter developed.The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in thispublication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt fromthe relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in thisbook are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor theauthors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material containedherein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regardto jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AGThe registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6667-5284https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-40749-0

Industry Competitiveness in the New Economy

This timely book presents a remarkable collection of chapters that provides readerswith a coherent framework for understanding the factors driving industry com-petitiveness in contemporary conditions of economic digitalization and the ongoingtransition to Industry 4.0. In particular, this volume contains selected papers pre-sented at the Scientific and Practical Forum “Industry. Science. Competences.Integration,” which was held at the RUDN University (Moscow, Russia) onNovember 28, 2019.

Presenting contributions by scientists, engineers, and field experts, the bookfocuses on using advanced technologies and applications, building innovative andresilient systems in industrial enterprises, developing competitive managementsystems, creating competence networks, and enhancing integration in order to fosterand sustain industry competitiveness. Both qualitative and quantitative studies areincluded, and this collection of diverse perspective adds to the richness of thevolume’s insights.

Along with reviewing deep theoretical concepts and innovative approaches, thepublication provides practical applications and technological solutions to real-worldproblems existing in the industry. Recent advances in management theory andpractice focused on the forces driving competition in the industry are also exten-sively covered by the leading scholars and practitioners. Particularly, the bookcovers the concept of Industry 4.0; management in digital economy; managementof competitiveness; artificial intelligence and knowledge management approaches;centers of global technological excellence; competitive and resilient systems in theenergy industry; compliance and anti-corruption mechanisms; and integration andcompetence networks between universities, industry, science, and markets.

The resulting book is of great interest for a wide audience due to highly stim-ulating discussions on the determinants and patterns of industry competitiveness.This publication is highly valuable for researchers and practitioners interested inapplying new concepts, methods, and insights into their work. It is also suitable forgraduate students and advanced undergraduates, who are interested in the currentstate of industrial development, driving forces of competitiveness, innovations,

v

advanced technologies, competence networks, and management systems based onknowledge and artificial intelligence.

Aleksei V. BogovizYulia V. Ragulina

vi Industry Competitiveness in the New Economy

Contents

Industry 4.0 and Competitiveness: Technologies, EconomicDevelopment, and Human Resources

Digital Design at Industrial Enterprises of Russia:State of the Scientific and Methodological Base . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3Rysta Sh. Tarzhmanova, Anna M. Nasonenko, and Gabriel H. Alberto

Competitiveness of Industrial Production in the Regional Context . . . . . 9Marina V. Moroshkina

Approaches to the Analysis and Assessment of EnvironmentalRisks in Agriculture Identified Through the Monitoringand Processing of Remote Sensing Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19Victor I. Medennikov, Elena V. Butrova, and Tatiana V. Kokuytseva

Key Parameters of Transport Development in Russiaat the Contemporary Stage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28Tatiana M. Gainochenko, Anna V. Kurbatova, and Ekaterina S. Kurbatova

Competitive Advantages of Innovative Development of High-TechManufactures Based on the Creation of Special Economic Zones . . . . . 39Helena E. Panfilova, Alexey I. Tikhonov, and Alexey V. Savin

The Efficiency of Russian Enterprises Based on the Assessmentof Their Competitiveness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48Victor P. Ivanitsky, Elena G. Knyazeva, and Elena A. Razumovskaya

Application of the Blue Ocean Strategy in the Assessmentof the Feasibility of Space Projects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59Mikhail N. Plakhotnik, Andrey A. Zybrichev, and Valeriy M. Smirnov

Digitalization as a Direction of Neo-Industrial Transformationof Strategic Urban Development in the Ural Macroregion . . . . . . . . . . . 67Ivan A. Antipin and Olga Yu. Ivanova

vii

Main Directions in the Innovative Environment Formationat Knowledge-Intensive Enterprises Operating in the Fieldof Mechanical Engineering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76Mikhail N. Petrov

Digital Platforms in Hospitality Business . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83Marina Y. Sheresheva, Igor I. Savelyev, Nelli N. Nadzharyan,and Alexey V. Kudryavtsev

The Philosophy of Digital Transport and Logistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91Victor S. Gorin, Alexei A. Stepanov, Olga A. Tetssoeva,and Artem O. Merenkov

Transformation of the Concept of Population Transport ServiceQuality in the Environment of Urban Digital Agglomerations . . . . . . . . 100Elizaveta B. Bednyakova, Yana S. Ignatova, and Elena V. Kuptsova

The Main Areas of Integrated Digitalization of the StrategicManagement of Competitiveness of Enterprises from the RussianIndustrial High-Tech Branches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108Natalia V. Kandybko, Alexander A. Ryazanov, and Suren A. Khachaturian

Prospects for Developing a Competitive Position of the RussianAerospace Industry in the World Market in Conditionsof Economic Digitalization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115Igor V. Chistov, Sergey E. Zakutnev, and Aleksandr A. Ryazanov

The Platform of Information and Economic Security of the RussianIndustrial Enterprises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123Harutyun H. Khachaturian, Svetlana V. Ponomareva,and Anna S. Melnikova

The Resource Selection Model for Meeting the Information Needsof Users in the Sphere of Small Agribusiness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130Mariya S. Kudasheva

The Platform Format of Technological Developmentas a Manifestation of NBIC Convergence Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . 139Yuri A. Dmitriev, Tatyana A. Lachinina, Maksim A. Chirkov,and Maksim S. Chistyakov

Digital Economy and Management: Creating Strategic Capabilities

A Model of Effective and Sustainable Innovative Developmentof a Company: Analyzing Foreign Experience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151Janusz Sobon, Ecaterina D. Velixar, and Marcin Prokopiuk

viii Contents

A Mechanism for Preventively Assessing the Competitivenessof High-Tech Products in Conditions of Digital Transformations . . . . . . 159Lidia S. Zelentsova, Nataliya G. Shalamova, and Yulia V. Vorontsova

Self-organization of Business Processes in the Environmentof Web-Economic Relations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168Vladlena V. Preobrazhenskaya

Innovations in Banks: Areas and Challenges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177Anna I. Serebrennikova, Yuliya V. Kuvayeva, and Tatyana A. Chilimova

The Role and Specificity of Human Capital in the Formationof a Digital Economy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185Svetlana A. Korshunova

Cognitive Production Factors in the Digital Economy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193Vladlena V. Preobrazhenskaya and Evgeniya N. Gorlacheva

Theoretical Justification and Practice of Risk Managementfor Economic Security of the Dealer Networks of Carmakers . . . . . . . . 201Tatyana Yu. Serebryakova and Olga Yu. Kurtaeva

Model Estimates of Internal Economic Risksin Innovative Processes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214Gabriel H. Alberto, Fode M. Sissoko, and Mateus A. Muatchavua

High-Tech CluFigrs as a Basis for Improving the Russian DefenseIndustrial Complex with Respect to Digitalization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221Arsen S. Abdulkadyrov, Vladimir Yu. Hakhalev,and Svetlana S. Hakhaleva

Financial Instruments for Reproduction of the Real Sectorof the Economy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227Salihbek G. Abdulmanapov, Vezirhan K. Giraev,and Khadizhat M. Khadzhalova

The Influence of the Asymmetry of the Banking Systemof the Russian Federation on Interbank Competitionin the Conditions of Digitalization of Banking Activities . . . . . . . . . . . . 233Igor E. Risin, Elena F. Sysoeva, and Maria R. Kostyanskaya

The Algorithm for Rapid Estimation of the Production Costsof Multidimensional Products of an Industrial Enterprise . . . . . . . . . . . 243Danil A. Tolstobrov, Nadegda A. Tolstobrova, and Sergey A. Fedoseev

Improving the System of State (Municipal) Procurementas a Factor for Stimulating Competition in the Digital Economy . . . . . . 253Tatiana A. Guseva, Elena A. Demenina, and Elena E. Smetanina

Contents ix

Target Costing System as a Tool for Improving the Competitivenessof an Economic Entity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259Marina I. Samogorodskaya, Irina A. Bejnar, and Tatiana S. Narolina

Management and Competitiveness: Theoretical Foundationsand Practical Applications

A Balanced Scorecard in the Company Management Strategyin Contemporary Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269Darina A. Sizova, Tatiana V. Sizova, and Elena S. Adulova

Risk Analysis in the Implementation of High-Tech Projects . . . . . . . . . . 279Gabriel H. Alberto and Igor V. Kiryakov

Effectiveness Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 286Victor G. Antonov, Elena V. Kuptsova, and Michael V. Samosudov

Competitiveness Management of Medical Industry Enterprisesin Integrated Structures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 294Yuri G. Gertsik

Possibilities of Applying Foreign Talent Management Experiencein Russian Companies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 301Marina V. Savelyeva, Tatyana N. Kurina, and Yulia S. Zykova

The Impact of Talent Management on Company Competitiveness . . . . . 311Marina V. Savelyeva and Tatiana N. Kurina

Problems of Transformation Management Business Modelsin Organizations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 318Roman R. Chugumbaev and Nina N. Chugumbaeva

The Features of Innovation Risks Management in RussianKnowledge-Intensive Industries (Enterprises) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 326Alberto Gabriel Henrique

Minimization of Information Losses in the Managementof Innovation Development in the Digital Economy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 336Aleksandr M. Batkovskiy, Vladimir A. Sudakov, and Alena V. Fomina

Methodology for the Objective Assessment of the Efficiencyof Competitiveness Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 344Vasily I. Ponomarev and Maxim V. Grushkin

Business Assessment and Goodwill in Ensuring the Competitivenessof Russian Organizations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 353Victor S. Plotnikov and Olesya V. Plotnikova

x Contents

Developing the Toolkit for Evaluating Innovative Activitiesof Enterprises to Improve Their Competitiveness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 362Aleksandr M. Batkovskiy, Vladimir A. Sudakov, and Alena V. Fomina

An Assessment of Commercial Banks’ Financial Sustainability . . . . . . . 370Elvira V. Sitnikova, Tatiana S. Kolmykova, Elena O. Astapenko,and Evgeny A. Grivachev

Cognitive Modeling in Improving the Organization Competitiveness . . . 379Elena A. Alpeeva, Alexander V. Zelenov,and Nadezhda A. Serebryakova

The Management of Sustainability of Innovative Development Usinga System of Key Performance Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 387Elena V. Potekhina, Ludmila I. Antonova, and Olga M. Guschina

Forecasting Financial Results of the Enterprises’ Activities Underthe Conditions of Fluctuations in Production Volumes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 395Aleksandr M. Batkovskiy, Valeriy Ya. Trofimets, and Nikolai I. Turko

Economic Evaluation of the Corporate Projects’ Efficiency . . . . . . . . . . 402Liliya F. Sukhova, Yuliya A. Glaz, and Lyubov V. Agarkova

The Knowledge Potential in the System of Strategic Managementof the Innovative Development of an Enterprise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 411Natalia N. Pasmurtseva

The Formation of Innovative Leadership on Key Product FeaturesBased on the Unique Technological Competencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 417Sergey V. Chemezov, Aleksandr I. Kashirin, and Vadim V. Strenalyuk

Advanced Technologies, Application, Best Practices

Artificial Intelligence in the Training and Decision Systemin Ophthalmology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 429Valery V. Bakutkin, Ilya V. Bakutkin, and Vladimir A. Zelenov

Intelligent Monitoring as the Basis for Improvingthe Competitiveness of High-Tech Production . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 436Andrey I. Boginsky, Lidia S. Zelentsova, and Alexey I. Tikhonov

Blockchain Technology in Management of the Energy Sectorof the Russian Federation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 444Natalia G. Shchegoleva, Olga I. Terenteva, and Vladimir I. Khabarov

Application of Modern Technologies in Cyberspaceand the International States Responsibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 450Marianna V. Ilyashevich and Pavel A. Banis

Contents xi

Methodology for Determining the Prospective Needs of Companiesand Society for High-Tech Products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 457Nikolay A. Okatyev, Anna M. Nasonenko, and Elena V. Butrova

Creating a Crewless Ship in the Framework of the TechnologicalParadigm of the Russian Federation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 468Vladimir V. Zaslonov, Anastasiya A. Golovina, and Anatolii N. Popov

The Apprmulti-Purposet Input Formation for PurchasingHelicopters in Russia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 475Vyacheslav M. Kraev, Natalya V. Prosvirina, and Alexey I. Tikhonov

Foreign Experience in Forming the Cost of Operating Helicopters . . . . 486Vyacheslav M. Kraev and Alexey I. Tikhonov

Centers of Global Technological Excellence – Drivers of Innovativeand Sustainable Development in Corporations

A Competitiveness Assessment of the Russian Companies:Global Landmarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 501Darina A. Sizova, Elena К. Voronkova, and Tatiana V. Sizova

Improving the Functioning of High-Tech Sectors in the RussianNational Economy on the Basis of Cluster Policy and in the Conditionsof Digitization: Perspectives from the Defense Industrial Complex . . . . 509Arsen S. Abdulkadyrov, Natalya A. Rykhtikova, and Aleksandr I. Tarasov

Securing the Border Territories of the Russian Federation:Features of the Implementation of Industrial Policy in the Arctic . . . . . 516Irina V. Makarova, Grigory V. Lepesh, and Olga D. Ugolnikova

Image-Making of the Republic of Tatarstan Through InvestmentActivity in Industry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 524Taliya I. Minullina

Cote d’Ivoire in Regional Integration of the Economic Communityof West African Countries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 534N’djah Amoin Jocelyne-Sandra

Investment Process Mechanisms Based on Improving Regionaland Municipal Infrastructure in the Context of Digital Development . . . 542Nikita A. Lebedev, Ruslan A. Mammaev, and Stanislav Yu. Evdokimov

Modeling Strategic Decisions to Improve EnterprisesCompetitiveness of in the Territorial Production Cluster . . . . . . . . . . . . 548Nikita Y. Fomin, Alena N. Dyrdonova, and Galina N. Larionova

xii Contents

Natural Resources and Energy: Building Competitiveand Resilient Systems

Searching for an Innovative Model of the Future EnergyDevelopment with Respect to Digitalization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 559Vladimir F. Ukolov and Sergey E. Grishin

Investment Projects Based on Geothermal Energy Sources:Priority Directions for the Russian Fuel and Energy Complex . . . . . . . . 565Andrey D. Astremsky, Elena I. Danilina, and Irina A. Terentieva

Application of Financial Technologies to Assess the Competitivenessof Enterprises of the Mineral Resource Complex of Russia . . . . . . . . . . 571Zinaida M. Nazarova, Victor M. Zaernyuk, and Nurali H. Kurbanov

Comparative Competitiveness Assessment of Enterprisesin the Gold Mining Industry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 580Victor M. Zaernyuk, Valentina P. Leonova, and Elena N. Egorova

A Model for Achieving Comprehensive Efficiencyof the Energy Projects Implementation in the SustainableDevelopment Framework . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 589Arsen S. Abdulkadyrov, Ekaterina P. Zhigulina, and Mikhail A. Kovnerev

Prospects for Biofuel Production in the Selected Regions of Russia . . . . 596Ekaterina S. Titova

The System of Key Performance Indicators of Innovative Activityas Management Innovation in Oil and Gas Companies . . . . . . . . . . . . . 605Mikhail V. Rybin, Alexander A. Stepanov, and Nadezhda V. Morozova

The Directions for Forming an Effective Strategy Systemin the Mineral and Raw Materials Complex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 613Alexander R. Kalinin, Lyudmila P. Ryzhova, and Alexander M. Kurchik

Regulation, Compliance, and Anti-corruption Mechanismsfor Improving Governance and Competitiveness in Industry

Officer Cost Control: Russian Experience in the Context of GlobalCorruption Response Trends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 621Marina V. Chudinovskih and Oleg A. Kozhevnikov

Environmental Disclosure as a Factor of Sustainable Developmentof the Russian Business . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 628Irina N. Tkachenko, Irina V. Pervukhina, and Oksana E. Sokolovskaya

Tax Regulation of Customs Payments in the State Policy of Russia . . . . 636Elena Yu. Sidorova and Lubov I. Goncharenko

Contents xiii

Creating the Web Service of the Laboratory Informationand Management System for Analytical Quality Control . . . . . . . . . . . . 643Andrey V. Yaroslavtsev and Olesya V. Matukhina

Planning, Development, and Quality Systems of HelicoptersProduction in Russia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 650Alexey I. Tikhonov, Andrey A. Sazonov, and Andrey I. Boginsky

The Analysis of Foreign Planning, Development, and QualitySystems for the Production of Helicopter Technologyin the World Market . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 663Alexey I. Tikhonov, Andrey A. Sazonov, and Alexander A. Chursin

Digitalization in Small Business Tax Administration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 675Diana Y. Boboshko

The “University – Industry – Science – Market” Nexus:Creating Competence Networks and Enhancing Integration

The Role of Russian Flagship Universities of Russiain the Formation of the Scientific and Human Potentialof the National Centers of Technological Excellence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 687Sergey P. Sazonov, Irina A. Ezangina, and Ekaterina E. Kharlamova

A Didactic Shift in the Organization of Training for the Fieldof Education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 696Olga A. Fiofanova

Effective Functioning of the Labor Market Based on the Interactionof Market Subjects and the Formation of Competitivenessof an Educational Institution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 703Elena S. Joy, Alexey A. Ilyukhin, and Svetlana V. Ilyukhina

The Formation of a Labor Payment System in ProductionHoldings with a Regional Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 710Ekaterina V. Korneva, Irina Yu. Eremina, and Evgenii N. Mazhara

Labor Motivation as a Pledge of Successful Developmentof the Organization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 716Elena M. Klimova and Vladimir M. Litvishkov

Analyzing Key Tools for Digital Transformation of Educationaland Scientific Organizations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 728Nataliia E. Ovchinnikova, Oxana P. Ovchinnikova,and Maxim M. Kharlamov

The Dual Education System of Germany in the Conditionsof Migration Crisis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 736Anastasia Yu. Pleshakova

xiv Contents

Quality Management of Pedagogical Personnel as a Driverfor the Development of the Education System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 745Veronika V. Yankovskaya

Digital Competencies: Requirements for InformationTechnologies in the Framework“Management University-Industry-Science-Market” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 754Irina A. Rumyantseva, Tatiana Yu. Krotenko, and Marina B. Zhernakova

Scientific and Educational Cooperation in the Frameworkof the EAEU: Problems and Prospects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 763Oksana P. Ovchinnikova, Tatiana V. Kokuytseva, and Pavel A. Byshkov

The Functioning of Regional and Municipal Non-profitOrganizations: Practice, Trends, and Prospects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 771Sergey P. Sazonov, Alexey S. Dmitriev, and Alexander I. Chunakov

The Concept of Humanization of Professional Activitiesof University Teachers as a Basis for Improving the Qualityof Its Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 780Veronika V. Yankovskaya

Author Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 787

Contents xv

Industry 4.0 and Competitiveness:Technologies, Economic Development,

and Human Resources

Digital Design at Industrial Enterprisesof Russia: State of the Scientific

and Methodological Base

Rysta Sh. Tarzhmanova(&) , Anna M. Nasonenko ,and Gabriel H. Alberto

Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, [email protected], [email protected],

[email protected]

Abstract. The article provides a detailed analysis of the scientific andmethodological base of the digital design of industrial enterprises in Russia,namely the standards of a unified system of design documentation (USDD) forworking with electronic documents. It is approved at the state level as manda-tory for compliance, which includes state standards, guiding technical materials,and methods. According to the authors, the analyzed standards for electronicdesign documentation are more descriptive than practical. The importance andsignificance of improving the standards of digital design are based on the factthat they set the vector of industrial development for several years ahead, forcingenterprises to move in a given direction and introduce contemporary hightechnology. This circumstance will allow bringing the industry of the RussianFederation to the forefront. The results of the study may become the basis for thedevelopment of a national standard for digital design.

Keywords: Industry � Enterprise � Production � Risks � Standards � Digitaldesign � Digital double

1 Introduction

The risk in production is a complex of possible circumstances that may cause adecrease in the efficiency (profitability) of production. Moreover, in this situation,considering the question of cost optimization of the organization for the developmentand production of new products, it should be noted that the cost of production isdirectly dependent on the number and size of its creation costs. Through the use of thenew paradigm of digital design and modeling, it became possible to get away from thetraditional situation when the number of product changes due to errors or new, pre-viously unaccounted for information. Accordingly, the increasing costs of their intro-duction are distributed throughout the entire development life cycle, namely from thedesign stage to the start of mass production (Khvostikova 2012). It is well known thatthe company incurs high costs due to such changes. As a result, it becomes funda-mentally possible to concentrate the bulk of the changes and costs at the design stage,thereby minimizing the total amount of costs, reducing costs, and ensuring the creation

© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020A. V. Bogoviz and Y. V. Ragulina (Eds.): ISCI 2019, LNNS 115, pp. 3–8, 2020.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-40749-0_1

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5583-3964http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2178-8760http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0139-6230http://crossmark.crossref.org/dialog/?doi=10.1007/978-3-030-40749-0_1&domain=pdfhttp://crossmark.crossref.org/dialog/?doi=10.1007/978-3-030-40749-0_1&domain=pdfhttp://crossmark.crossref.org/dialog/?doi=10.1007/978-3-030-40749-0_1&domain=pdfhttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-40749-0_1

of high-tech products of the new generation in the shortest possible time (Guryanovet al. 2017).

Consequently, the digital approach, the cost of production, and the development ofa prototype product are reduced. Since, when conducting virtual tests on a digital twinof the product, many technical and economic characteristics of the product can beimproved and made perfect without the cost of producing a physical sample of theproduct.

At present, in Russia, over 500 leading industrial enterprises (including “RussianHelicopters”Holding, “VSMPO-AVISMA”Corporation, “UEC” JSC, “UralvagonzavodNPK” JSC, and “AvtoVAZ” PJSC) are engaged in technical re-equipment, in particular,the introduction of innovative computer technologies, CAD/PLM software, as well asunique equipment.Next,wewill examine the current situation in thefield of digital designat industrial enterprises in Russia and the reasons for the lag behind world leaders(Kupriyanovsky et al. 2017).

2 Materials and Method

Thanks to contemporary technologies and programs, organizations have the opportu-nity to receive ready-made design documentation after creating a digital double ofproducts, i.e., a virtual image endowed with all the physical and technical and eco-nomic properties of the products planned for release and allowing virtual testing of theproduct.

For a significant increase in the technological potential of an industrial enterprise, atransition to a different level of industrial development, competently drawn up all-Russian and industry design standards, are needed according to which documentationcan be drawn up and accepted.

The current situation and the level of digital design at domestic industrial enterprisesare represented by five levels of development of design and production processes,successively increasing inefficiency (Corporate Training Department of Moscow Schoolof Management 2017), as shown in Fig. 1.

We will give some explanation on the illustration:

1. Electronic drawing. At the same time, just replacing the shuttle with a computeroccurs, but a flat drawing is still a storage medium.

2. Electronic 3D model and drawing. The designer creates a three-dimensional elec-tronic model of the product, but still produces drawings, as a document legalized byUSDD. Information is transferred to technological, production, planning, and otherunits in the form of paper drawings and statements. The computer model is ille-gitimate, but at the same time, productivity is increased by no more than 30%.

3. The electronic model with technological information is the primary source (legal-ized medium) of design and technological information. The designer creates themodel, applying technological information in the form of three-dimensionalannotations on it to prepare the production.

4. The electronic model and electronic composition are no longer applied locally in thedepartments, but it applies to all services of the enterprise, including warehouse,

4 R. Sh. Tarzhmanova et al.

sales, procurement, equipment, maintenance manuals. This significantly saves timefor data re-entry and significantly reduces errors.

5. The electronic model is a “digital double” (DD). If at the previous stages, thecomputer model was only “geometric,” then at this stage, it is saturated withphysical properties, which allows one to create a “digital double” identical to a realproduct for virtual calculations and tests, as well as for modeling productionprocesses.

This is a radically different, highly effective level of design and technologicalpreparation of production. The timing of products on the market is shrinking at times,and quality is improving, weight, production costs are decreasing, especially if we aredealing with technically sophisticated products.

To transfer Russian industrial enterprises to a new level of digital design, a sci-entific and methodological base is needed. It should be approved at the state level asmandatory for compliance, including state standards, guiding technical materials, andmethods.

3 Results

We analyzed the current state of the regulatory framework of the Russian Federation inthe field of digital design, which is presented in Table 1.

Currently, the USDD regulatory framework for working with electronic documentsis represented by the following standards (Bilenko et al. 2017):

According to the results of the analysis, we can say that the high standards forelectronic design documentation are more descriptive than practical.

Fig. 1. The levels of development of internal processes of design and production. Source:(Corporate Training Department of the Moscow School of Management 2017).

Digital Design at Industrial Enterprises of Russia 5

Table 1. The regulatory framework of USDD on work with electronic documents.

Name Description

GOST 2.102-2013 USDD. Types andcompleteness of design documents

In this standard, concepts such as anelectronic model of a part, an electronicmodel of an assembly unit, an electronicstructure of a product are introduced. Thesedocuments are defined as mandatory in theset of necessary design documentation(DD) at the stage of development of workingdesign documentation. Requirements forthese documents are presented in GOST2.056-2014, GOST 2.057-2014, GOST2.053-2013

GOST 2.051-2013 USDD. Electronicdocuments

The standard establishes generalrequirements for the implementation ofelectronic design documents. A description isgiven of what parts an electronic documentshould consist of, what types of electronicdocuments are. It is declared that, inprinciple, design documents can bedeveloped, agreed, taken into account, andstored electronically

GOST 2.052-2015 USDD. Electronicproduct model

The standard establishes generalrequirements for the implementation ofelectronic models of the product (parts andassembly units). The basic concepts andterminology of computer modeling, types ofelectronic models of the product are definedhere

GOST 2.053-2013 USDD. Electronicproduct structure

The standard establishes generalrequirements for the electronic structure ofthe product. Based on the ESP, productreports are generated, which are traditionallycarried out in paper in the form ofspecifications and statements

GOST 2.054-2013 USDD. Electronicproduct description

The standard gives concepts aboutinformation technical systems (PLM, PDM,and others), with which we can store, record,and describe electronic designdocumentation

GOST 2.055-2014 USDD. Electronicspecification

The standard defines the concepts ofelectronic specifications, and summarystatements define the storage parameters ofthe content using PDM systems

(continued)


4 Discussion

After analyzing the content of existing standards, we believe that the standards forelectronic models GOST 2.052-2015, GOST 2.056-2014, GOST 2.057-2014 need tobe supplemented in the first place.

This is necessary so that the specialist, taking the standard, can begin to develop amodel in compliance with the requirements of the standard. In the above standards,practical examples are not enough. If one compares the standards for electronic doc-umentation, with the standards for paper, then there are striking differences. For paperstandards, various cases of design documentation (DD) are drawn in separate drawings,and they are few in the standards for electronic DD. Based on domestic experience, wecan say that the designers at the enterprises draw up the design documentation, andnormative inspectors check the design documentation, comparing the images in thedesign documentation with the images in accordance with GOST. And this is the rightapproach because one needs to be guided by the requirements of standards duringdevelopment (Rudskoy et al. 2017).

5 Conclusion

It is obvious that in the framework of the unfolding fourth industrial revolution, it isprecisely those enterprises that, being in the global trends of the digital economy, thattransfer the focus of their activities to the field of digital design and modeling,

Table 1. (continued)

Name Description

GOST 2.056-2014 USDD. Electronic modelof details

The standard establishes some requirementsfor the implementation and design of modelsof parts and their presentation using CADsystems, supplementing the requirements ofGOST 2.052-2015

GOST 2.057-2014 USDD. Electronicassembly unit model

The standard establishes some requirementsfor the implementation and design of modelsof assembly units and their presentationusing CAD systems, supplementing therequirements of GOST 2.052-2015

GOST 2.058-2016 USDD. Rules for theimplementation of the requisite part ofelectronic DD

The standard establishes the rules for theimplementation of the requisite part ofelectronic design documents in electronicform. The standard supplements therequirements of GOST 2.056-2014, GOST2.052-2015, GOST 2.055-2014 in terms ofrequirements for the requisite part ofelectronic documents

Source: (Bilenko et al. 2017).

Digital Design at Industrial Enterprises of Russia 7

computer and supercomputer engineering along with methods of multi-criteria, multi-parameter, multi-disciplinary optimization will become the leaders.

Innovative technologies of computer design, armed with the appropriate scientificand methodological base of digital design, namely, the methods and standards that aremandatory for use, will bring the industry of the Russian Federation to the forefront.First, since the standards are designed to reduce design time by 30–40%, one mayexpect these design costs reducing by 10–20%, improving the quality of new products.Second, the standards set the vector of industrial development for several years ahead,forcing enterprises to move in a given direction and introduce new technologies.

Acknowledgment. The publication has been prepared with the support of the “RUDNUniversity Program 5-100.”

References

Bilenko, P.N., Lysenko, S.L., Zavaleev, I.S., Lysenko, L.V.: A comprehensive assessment ofenterprise development as a tool to increase labor productivity. High Technol. 18(7), 22–31(2017)

Corporate Training Department of Moscow School of Management: Working Paper “DigitalProduction: Methods, Ecosystems, Technologies”. Skolkovo, Russia (2017)

Guryanov, A.V., Shukalov, A.V., Zakoldaev, D.A., Zharinov, I.O., Kostishin, M.O.: Digital-ization of design and production procedures as a tool for automating the design ofinstrumentation in Industry 4.0. Sci. Tech. Bull. Inf. Technol. Mech. Opt. 6, 1171–1176(2017)

Khvostikova, V.A.: Technical and economic features of the organization of production processesfor the production of high-tech products. Vestnik Voronezh State Tech. Univ. 8(8), 85–89(2012)

Kupriyanovsky, V.P., Sinyagov, S.A., Namiot, D.E., Utkin, N.A., Nikolaev, D.E., Dobrynin,A.P.: Industrial transformation in the digital economy: design and production. Int. J. Open Inf.Technol. 1, 50–70 (2017)

Rudskoy, A.I., Borovkov, A.I., Romanov, P.I., Kiseleva, K.N.: Engineering Education: WorldExperience in Training the Intellectual Elite. Polytechnic University Press, St. Petersburg(2017)


Competitiveness of Industrial Productionin the Regional Context

Marina V. Moroshkina(&)

Institute of Economics of the Karelian Scientific Center of the Russian Academyof Sciences, Petrozavodsk, Russia

[email protected]

Abstract. A high level of heterogeneity characterizes the development of theRussian Federation. Russian regions are unequally provided with productionand industrial potential, as a result of which an imbalance is observed. The aimof the study is the analysis of inter-regional differentiation according to pro-duction potential. The object of the study is the Russian regions, and the subjectof the study is the process of interregional differentiation in terms of “industrialproduction volumes.” An analysis of inter-regional differentiation is based oncalculating the coefficient of variation. The latter determines the presence of theprocess of regional convergence. Our analysis demonstrates that in the periodfrom 1990 to 2015, Russian regions tend to diverge in terms of “industrialproduction volumes.” The results of the study can be used to develop strategicand program documents.

Keywords: Interregional differentiation � Russian regions � Industrialproduction � Leading regions � Lagging regions � d-convergence

1 Introduction

The Russian Federation is characterized by a heterogeneous economic space, thediversity of which lies in the heterogeneity of the constituent entities of the RussianFederation. Differences in regional entities are formed as a result of heterogeneity ofterritories in size, economic, and production potential. As a result, the uneven devel-opment of the regions is observed. Some regions, possessing economic potential, aresuccessfully developing, while other regions, as a result of the lack of competitiveadvantages and the potential for economic development, represent stagnation pro-cesses. The specifics of regional diversity should be taken into account when drawingup strategic development documents and various areas of government.

The subjects of the Russian Federation have different production potentials andhave differences in the level and dynamics of regional development. The spatialheterogeneity of the Russian regions depends on many factors and processes thatinfluence the dynamics of economic growth. The presence of competitive advantagesentails unevenness in the pace of socio-economic development and living standards ofthe population, the level of development of industrial potential, and other economic andsocial characteristics of the territory (Mau and Yanovsky 2001). One of the significantcompetitive advantages of regional development issues is the availability of production

© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020A. V. Bogoviz and Y. V. Ragulina (Eds.): ISCI 2019, LNNS 115, pp. 9–18, 2020.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-40749-0_2

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6520-4248http://crossmark.crossref.org/dialog/?doi=10.1007/978-3-030-40749-0_2&domain=pdfhttp://crossmark.crossref.org/dialog/?doi=10.1007/978-3-030-40749-0_2&domain=pdfhttp://crossmark.crossref.org/dialog/?doi=10.1007/978-3-030-40749-0_2&domain=pdfhttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-40749-0_2

potential. The factor of the availability and development of the manufacturing sectordetermines the main directions and formats for developing a territory as a result of theformation of competitive advantages caused by the increase in regional production.

The economic development of the Russian regions is a multi-faceted process,depending on a set of indicators. However, as for most subjects of the world com-munity, for Russian regions, an important area of economic development is thedevelopment of production areas, enterprises. The presence of production activitiesforms a competitive environment for the territory, providing it with the advantagesassociated with the development of the production sector. In the regional context, theformats of development of the production direction determine and shape the factors ofregional growth. As a result of the compilation of strategic development documents,these factors are taken into account, and strategic and forecast documents for thedevelopment of the territory are compiled based on their analytical assessment.

As a result, the study is a comparative analysis of the Russian regions in terms ofproduction potential. Following the research goal, the hypothesis regarding a positiveimpact of production potential on the level and dynamics of economic growth in theregional context is formulated. The object of the research is the Russian regions, andthe subject is the process of regional stratification of the Russian regions in terms of“industrial production volumes.”

2 Literature Review

Changing business conditions changed the dynamics of the development of Russianregions and affected the level of heterogeneity. An increase in differentiation in Russianregions is observed for most economic and social indicators (Bobkova 2013; Glush-chenko 2012).

Inequality in a regional context (in terms of social and economic development) isdetermined by many reasons affecting a level of regional development. These are suchreasons as economic development during market institutions formation, a developmentlevel of the industrial sector, investments in the region’s economy. Also, such reasonsinclude the level of development of institutional components, the economic and geo-graphical location of the territory, infrastructure development, the dynamics of thedevelopment of innovative potential.

The issues of regional development and the identification of causes that influencethe dynamics of regional growth are the subject of many scientific works. Since the50s, the theory of spatial development has been formed as a result of the regionaldistribution of the manufacturing sector, which affects the dynamics of regional growth(Lesh 1959).

The formation of a regional economy as science begins with an analysis of regionaldifferences, identifying factors affecting the level of growth, determining the compet-itive advantages of a territory. In the literary direction in the regional economy, issuesof regional development can be conditionally divided into two main blocks. In onedirection, regional development trends in different time periods are analyzed. In anotherdirection, the analysis of regional inequalities is carried out from the perspective ofstudying factors of influence on the level and dynamics of economic growth.

10 M. V. Moroshkina

It is worth noting that the specifics of regional research has a wide geographicalrange. Regional development issues may include regions in a territorial definition, andmore global territorial entities with more extensive borders, such as the dynamics ofregional stratification in different countries (Barro and Sala-i-Martin 1991, 1995;Schumpeter 1908).

Researchers pay special attention to issues of regional inequality, as a result of theconsideration of individual areas and identifying the main reasons for the growth of thisprocess (Bogoviz et al. 2019a, b). The definition of the process of regional stratificationof the Russian regions includes a set of processes of interregional differentiationobserved by various economic and social indicators. The directions of this process canhave both positive and negative effects on the territory.

The positive aspects of increasing regional differentiation include the desire forlagging regions to achieve the level of development of leading regions. This desireprovides the economic entities of the lagging territories with the potential for possiblegrowth, endows them with the ability to search for new, more efficient forms ofeconomic activity based on the competitive advantages of the territory. The result is theformation and development of the manufacturing sector and the services sector, whichcontribute to the economic development of the territory. The negative aspects of theincrease in regional imbalance include an increase in dissatisfaction with the livingconditions and quality of life in the lagging regions, which leads to a decrease ineconomic activity.

The concept of economic activity is a concept that combines various processes ofthe economic system in a certain period. The processes that affect the level of economicactivity of the territory include various areas of regional development. One of the mostsignificant areas of regional growth is the level of industrial development.

In economic theory, domestic and foreign scientists are actively exploring the leveland dynamics of the industrial sector. In the modern economy, there is a direction thatstudies aspects of the development of industrial production.

Classical approaches include the theory of the industrial approach developed bySchumpeter (1908), in which the author concludes that periodic changes in the industrylead to innovations that continue to change the production system. The innovationprocess has an impact on all areas of economic activity since its result is an impact onthe production process.

Another area that has a large number of formats is the theories of productionallocation, which are part of the regional economy.

The process of formation of the theory of localization of production is associatedwith the scientific work of the German economist J. Thünen entitled “An Isolated Statein Its Relation to Agriculture and National Economy” (Thünen et al. 1926; Granberg2000). In this work, the author revealed patterns of distribution of agricultural formatproduction. According to Thünen’s theory, the more efficient the production of anagricultural product there, it should be located closer to the settlement. The result of thetheory was a model of the location of agricultural production based on optimalplacement.

The theory of the German scientist Launhardt (Pinto 1977) is recognized by adifferent approach to the placement of production potential. The result of this theory isthe process of finding the point of optimal location of an industrial enterprise, according

Competitiveness of Industrial Production in the Regional Context 11

to the ratio of existing sources of raw materials and the market for manufacturedproducts (Launhardt 1885; Limonov 2015).

The work of A. Weber “On the location of the industry: the clean territory of thestandard,” published in 1909, can be considered an approach to the placement ofindustrial production (Weber 1929). As a result of the developed methodology, theauthor considers the general format of the location of a manufacturing enterprise basedon an analysis of the influence of accessibility factors and cost calculation.

There are many approaches and techniques within which the geographical locationand accommodation play a decisive role in territorial development. One of these the-ories is the theory of growth poles. In this theory, the process of economic growth isdependent on the development of individual industries. The theory of growth poles isfound in the works of such domestic and foreign scientists as Gunnar Myrdal, AlbertHirschman (the “core-periphery” model) (Myrdal 1957). Within the structural com-ponents of the model, the uneven development of territories is explained by factors inthe development of the manufacturing sector, which ensure economic growth.According to this theory, one of the reasons for the uneven development of regions isthe level of agglomeration of production (Drobyshevsky et al. 2005).

At the present stage, there are a significant number of approaches and methods forassessing and analyzing regional heterogeneity. Most researchers conclude that one ofthe reasons for the unevenness lies in the competitiveness of production potential in theterritory. Studies on the inequality of regional development based on productionpotential will make it possible to assess the level of production potential in the region.During the study, the author used the theory of convergence, which allowed us toanalyze the imbalances.

Studies of regional inequalities find application in the work of Barro and Sala-i-Martin, who analyze regional differences (Barro and Sala-i-Martin 1991, 1995).

At the same time, the indicated works did not set the task of assessing convergentor divergent development trends of regions from the standpoint of analyzing socio-economic indicators of industrial production development. Such a study will help tounderstand the reason for the uneven regional development.

3 Methodology

The statistical information used to study the inequality in the development of theRussian regions is the statistical collections of the Federal State Statistics Service“Regions of Russia” (Federal State Statistics Service 2018). The research sampleconsists of the indicator “industrial production volumes” for each Russian region. Themain object of the study is the regions of the Russian Federation, and the subject of thestudy is the process of regional differentiation in terms of “industrial production vol-ume.” As an indicator determining regional differentiation, the coefficient of variationis used. Based on the calculated coefficient, a regulation on the process of rap-prochement or divergence of the Russian regions by the studied indicator is formed.

In statistical analysis, the Coefficient of Variation (CV) is used when it is necessaryto evaluate the dispersion process of various quantities.

12 M. V. Moroshkina

The coefficient of variation is determined by the following formula:

rt ¼ CV ¼ rxcp ð1Þ

r is the standard deviation of a random variable;

r ¼ffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffi

1n

X

n

i¼1xi � xcp� �2

s

Xav is the average value of the estimated development indicator;xi is an indicator of the level of development;i is a region;i = 1, …, n is the number of regions studied.

For analyzing the dispersion process of the studied indicator in a regional contextand determine the convergence process, the concept of convergence is used. In themethodological aspect, two areas of convergence are distinguished, which in differentways explain the process of dispersion of the studied indicators.

In turn, d-convergence determines the process of reducing the dispersion of indi-cators in the regional analysis; this suggests a decrease in interregional differentiation.To confirm the presence of d-convergence, it is necessary to fulfill a condition thatdetermines a decrease in the coefficient of variation in the final period, relative to theinitial.

dtþT\dt ð2Þ

Thus, b stands for convergence (“absolute convergence”) characterizing the pro-cesses of convergence of various objects, comparing the growth rates of the studiedeconomic, social indicators, which can be represented by the following system ofequations:

y ¼ b0 þ b1x ð3Þ

Equation (3) is a regression equation of the dependence of the growth rate of thestudied indicator for the studied period to the initial period.

Where,

y ¼ ln xiT � ln xi0T

x ¼ lnxi0

T is the number of study intervals.The calculated coefficient of variation will allow us to estimate the level of regional

imbalances in the regional context according to the indicator “industrial productionvolume.”


4 Results

The study analyzed the heterogeneity of Russian regions in terms of industrial pro-duction. As a result of the analysis of statistical data on the regions of the RussianFederation (“Industrial Production Volume”), the level of heterogeneity of the regionsin this direction was analyzed. More than that, the regions that have leading andlagging positions in this direction are identified.

The analysis, based on the statistics of leading and lagging regions, revealed pat-terns of getting regions into the leading and lagging groups (Table 1).

Table 1. Leading and lagging regions in terms of “industrial production volumes”.

Interval Lagging regions Leading regionsFeatures Regions Features Regions

1990–1994

Low levelofproduction

Altai Republic, TyvaRepublic, Republic ofKalmykia, Republic ofAdygea

The structure of theeconomy has miningspecialization,Financial and bankingcenters

Tyumen region,Sverdlovskregion, Moscow,Krasnoyarskregion

1995–1998


Altai Republic, TyvaRepublic, Republic ofKalmykia, Republic ofAdygea

The structure of theeconomy has miningspecialization,Financial and bankingcentersThe specialization of theeconomy is engineering

Tyumen region,Sverdlovskregion, Moscow,Krasnoyarskregion

1999–2002


Altai Republic, TyvaRepublic, Republic ofKalmykia, The Republicof Ingushetia

The structure of theeconomy has miningspecialization,Financial and bankingcentersThe specialization of theeconomy is engineering

Tyumen region,Sverdlovskregion, Moscow,Samara region

2002–2008


Altai Republic, TyvaRepublic, Republic ofKalmykia, The Republicof Ingushetia


Tyumen region,Sverdlovskregion, Moscow,Samara region

2008–2017


Altai region, Kabardino-Balkarian Republic,Republic of Kalmykia,The Republic ofIngushetia


Tyumen region,Moscow region,Moscow, St.Petersburg

*Source: compiled by the author.*Source: (Federal State Statistics Service 2018).

14 M. V. Moroshkina

The analysis performed in the regional context allows us to determine the “polar”groups of regions according to the indicator “Volumes of the Industrial Center,”making it possible to determine the centers of concentration of production potential.

Another approach to the analysis of the indicator “Volume of Industrial Potential”is to assess the level of differentiation of Russian regions. Historically establishedindustrial formats have a pronounced regional character, as confirmed by data inTable 1. The change in the structure of industrial production does not change signif-icantly during the study period. This circumstance allows us to judge the invariabilityof regional differentiation in terms of industrial production.

In the framework of this study, the analysis of regional differentiation according tothe level of industrial production is carried out. This is based on the calculation of thevariation coefficient, which allows one to determine the dispersion process of thesevalues for this indicator. Based on formula (1) and statistical data (Federal StateStatistics Service 2009, 2018), the coefficient of variation, allowing to assess theunevenness of the regions of the Russian Federation, was calculated.

As a result of calculating the coefficient of variation by the indicator “IndustrialProduction Volumes,” the dynamics of inter-regional differentiation was determined(Table 2).

The calculation of the coefficient of variation shows a steady increase in regionaldifferentiation. In the period from 1990 to 2015, the value of the coefficient of variationincreased from 0.91 to 1.68, i.e., by 51%. Analysis of the data in the table shows thepresence of r-convergence per condition (2).

The graphical representation of the coefficient of variation shown in Fig. 1 showsthe increase in differentiation.

The analysis of statistical data and the calculated coefficient of variation (see Fig. 1)allows us to observe the process of divergence of regions according to the studiedindicator, namely, “Industrial Production Volume.” Failure to meet the condition of d-convergence (2) allows us to talk about an increase in interregional differentiation. Thedynamics of the divergence of the Russian regions, analyzed from 1990 to 2015, showsa relatively stable growth trend of heterogeneity, starting from 1990, when the coef-ficient was 0.91, and ending in 2015 when the coefficient was 1.68. The resultsobtained allow us to talk about the stability of the manufacturing sector in the studiedperiod. The industrial heritage of the former Soviet Union inherited by the regions andthe available resource potential, which has historically established directions and for-mats, is used by the regions. In current conditions, production potential operates at thefacilities of established production associations.

Table 2. The coefficient of variation in terms of “industrial production volume.”

Years 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014 2015

Coefficient of variation 0.91 1.00 1.10 1.35 1.73 1.55 1.62 1.68

*Source: compiled by the author.*Data is presented at intervals of 4 years.


Yulia V. Ragulina Editors Industry Competitiveness ......Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems 115...

Documents

Transcript of Yulia V. Ragulina Editors Industry Competitiveness ......Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems 115...