Your Family Tree - Spring 2014.Bak

YOUR FAMILY TREE SPRING 201486 VISIT US ONLINE AT WWW.YOURFAMILYTREEMAG.CO.UK

PORTSMOUTHS WORLD WAR ONE HEROESPublisher: The History Press

Author: James Daly

Price: 14.99

This famous city by the sea arguably suffered more than most during WWI,

with Portsmouths citizens going off to fight on the battlefields, and Merchant and Royal Navy ships from the port engaged in a fight with the U-boats and guns of the German navy. Here the citys heroes stories are presented in different chapters that range from the first day of the Somme, to Jutland and those left at home, with exemplary research undertaken to present so many detailed stories in one volume.

Read it for: Portsmouths contribution to WWI

Revi

ews..

. WW

I boo

ks

FIGHTING ON THE HOME FRONTDiscover the crucial roles British women had to play away from the battlefields of World War I

The stories reveal a range of chance encounters and the typical detective qualities required of family historians, giving us useful tips

A TOMMY IN THE FAMILYStories of WWI family members and crucial advice for how to uncover your own this centenary yearAuthor: Keith Gregson

Publisher: The History Press

w. www.thehistorypress.co.uk

ISBN: 9780752493367

Price: 12.99

In this book genealogist and historian Keith Gregson author of Tracing your Northern Ancestors and A Viking in the Family takes the reader on a whistle-stop tour of World War I family stories, from the heart-warming to the tear-jerking.

After a brief overview of the conflict itself, Gregson presents 20 fascinating and varied stories of widely different individuals and families whose lives were bound up in the war. They include stories of a prisoner of war and another exploring the life of a prisoners wife and accounts of men from a sapper to a submariner, as well

as stories of a nurse, a footballer, a popular entertainer and more. In each chapter the author provides a biography of his subject, followed by the tale behind the tale: how their story was unearthed.

In the course of this, Gregson offers useful insights into how each researcher found and followed up their leads. These reveal a range of chance encounters and the typical detective qualities required of a family historian, giving useful tips in the process.

Full of unexpected twists and turns, A Tommy in the Family will fascinate anyone with an interest in the war, and help them to find out more about their ancestors who participated.

Read it for: An interesting approach to exploring the lives of family members who served in WWI

Adies insightful account reveals how the efforts of women during this crucial period paved the way for a seismic shift in attitude

Author: Kate Adie

Publisher: Hodder & Stoughton

w. www.hodder.co.uk

ISBN: 9781444759679

Price: 20

In her long and distinguished career with the BBC, Kate Adie has reported from war zones around the world. Her fascination lies with the ordinary people who find themselves swept up in chaos and have to get on with life the best they can. This time staying on home soil, Adie turns the clock back to World War I, and considers the dramatic impact war had on the lives of our ancestors on the Home Front.

As we saw in last months issue (Keep the home fires burning, pg 78), the enormous contribution made by women

was vital, and here its brought into sharp focus, from the industrious members of organisations

such as the Womens Volunteer Reserve, right through to the working-class girls who found a new lease of life as munitionettes or donned smart uniforms and manned public transport. Special mentions are given to exemplary figures such as Dr Elsie Inglis, who organised her own surgical unit and headed off to the battlefields of Serbia, and theatre company owner Lena Ashwell, who ensured the troops were kept entertained behind the frontlines with Shakespeare plays and classical music concerts.

Delivered with characteristic warmth and intimacy, Adies insightful account reveals how the efforts of women during this crucial period paved the way for a seismic shift in attitude. Theirs is a truly astonishing legacy.

Read it for: Compelling stories of womens incredible challenges during WWI

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Were with you when you need us on iPad, iPhone and iPod Touch.

Its never been easier to trace your ancestors!

SPRING 2014 YOUR FAMILY TREE 89SUBSCRIBE AT WWW.MYFAVOURITEMAGAZINES.CO.UK/YFTP3A

Heredis 2014Program adds a number of interesting new features in a major update

Simple The Search wizard makes it easy to tidy up individuals in your tree

Reviews... Softw

are

LIVEHISTORY FOR IPADLooking for a family history app with a difference? LiveHistory has a great deal to give

Publisher: BSD Concept

w. www.heredis.com

Price: $19.95 (upgrade), $29.95 (full)

System: Mac OS X Lion (min 10.7.3), Mountain Lion (10.8), Mavericks (10.9); Windows XP SP3 or VISTA or 7 or 8

The third major release of Heredis contains a number of new tools that address some of our concerns with the program, but others remain unresolved, most notably a lack of charting options and sub-par media management tools. The main new feature is a Search wizard that provides lots of useful information about selected individuals, including key details for their immediate family. It also steer you towards missing information, including easy access to online records.

Mapping is greatly improved in Heredis 2014 too, with a nifty Migrations Map and easy to use geocoding tool making it simple to plot ancestors movements across the globe. You can also now publish your research at the Heredis Online website. Despite the continuing niggles, Heredis 2014 is enjoyable and easy to use, packs in lots of useful information and is a must-have upgrade for existing users.

Use it for: Recording and managing your family tree on Mac or PC

Right The timeline slider lets you view a persons status and family at any point in their life

GEOSETTERPublisher: Friedemann Schmidt

w. www.geosetter.de

Price: Free

System: Windows XP or higher

Adding geotags geographic co-ordinates to your old photos makes

it easy to place them on a map using Flickr. GeoSetter is a free tool for Windows PCs that makes manually adding these tags simple. Select those photos where you know they were taken, then use the map on the right-hand side of the program to pinpoint them. Add locations to a favourites list, then double-click a photo to add the required tags.

Use it for: Geotagging old family history photos

Above Adding and editing individual family members is fast, due to the intuitive edit screen

Publisher: AlgoCoil

w. http://livehistoryapp.com

Price: 4.99

The number of family history apps for the iPad is growing, and LiveHistory is a new entry into the market. While it lacks in some key areas, there are some clever innovative features that mark it out from the opposition.

These include a really clever way of displaying information about selected individuals. Choose your ancestor from the A-Z list on the left or navigate between generations using the Ancestry or Household views. The list is a good starting point, but the clever bit comes when you select a person to view information about them: thanks to a timeline slider you can view information and even photos (if theyre tagged with the correct date) of that person from a specific year of their life. Beneath this you choose either Ancestry

a traditional pedigree-like view or Household, which organises people into family groups according to where they lived at a particular time and with whom. Both views clearly show whos present in that persons life at this point in time by labelling them white (alive), grey (deceased) or yellow (yet to be born).

Data entry is remarkably simple, but youre limited to a very specific subset of facts you can record about a person, making it less comprehensive than other apps, including Heredis and MobileFamilyTree. Consequently, if youre looking for a comprehensive one-stop shop for recording your family history, then LiveHistory falls a little short, particularly when it comes to recording non-supported facts or events like baptism or education.

Nevertheless, the innovative interface and timeline-based view make it one worth keeping a close eye on, and future development will hopefully fill in the missing gaps.

Use it for: Managing and viewing your family history on your iPad

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SPRING 2014 YOUR FAMILY TREE 91

Opinion Teamtalk

Teamtalk

ANNABEL ANDREWS

LIZI BROWN

The amount of information ou there to commemorate the outbreak of World

War I is colossal, and quite rightly so.As I was looking for details on the role

played by women during the conflict, I came across www.bbc.co.uk/ww1. This is a marvellous and well-thought out site that cover aspects of the war we may not have considered.

There is, as Id hoped, information on the role of women at home who worked in munition factories, also as tram drivers, postal workers and in police patrols. You can also read Gareth Malone on how the song Pack Up Your Troubles became the tune forever associated with the conflict, urging the men to keep their spirits up.

Dr Michael Moseley looks at the fascinating work of Harold Gillies, who was the man the British Army tasked with fixing terrible wounds caused by shrapnel. Gillies treated 2,000 patients after the Battle of the Somme alone. The BBCs economic correspondent Hugh Pym looks at how Britain paid for the war; historian Neil Oliver takes a closer look at the advertising campaigns during the war, some of which still exist today; and poet Ian McMillan looks at poetry written

by the men at the front and by the women left at home.

During the course of not just 2014, but until the 11th hour of the 11th day of the 11th month 2018, we are sure to know more about our brave forebears, whom we will never forget.

YFTs monthly round-up where the editorial team get to have their say...

OPINION

ALEX DUCE

Since the Christmas break, which seems such a long time ago, my wife and I have

become addicted to Pinterest. When you first sign up, youll be pinning images of things you like the look of I mostly pin about creative artwork, photography, genealogy and hobbies. Once youve got over the initial pinning fever you will come to realise that there is so much more to Pinterest than that.

I suggest you start by taking a look at the Your Family Tree Pinterest page at www.pinterest.com/yourfamilytree. Youll see that weve collected together a diverse collection of history related pins. We have vintage photographs to share, old-fashioned recipes and a huge swathe of other genealogical posts. There is a craft aspect where we look at things to do with family photographs and ways of displaying your trees/photos in your home. We take a nostalgic look back at history through advertising, Hollywood films and sport and then there is family history proper, where you can share hints, tips, blogs

and downloadable resources from this very magazine. More pins are added daily.

Pinterest is an amazing place. I cant think of a better place to share your hobbies, research and ideas (in real-time) with like-minded people all over the world. Please pop along and share with us.

Im sure weve all got a few branches in our trees that are marred by family feuds and disagreements. Never in history was this more apt than with Europes royal

monarchs in the 19th and early 20th centuries. This was explored in the BBCs Royal Cousins At War programmes, which showed the family tree that linked every monarchy in the continent. Despite the friendly get-togethers for weddings and summer holidays, many parts of the family werent invited for reasons that often included

one members country having invaded another! Even Queen Victoria, mother, aunt etc to so

many rulers, didnt mince her words when talking about nephews and the people they governed.

The most well-known and tragic dispute led to cousins George V, Tsar Nicholas II

and Kaiser Wilhelm II aiding their countries march to

war against each other in 1914.

ADAM REES

Detail You can find various perspectives on WWI at the BBCs dedicated website

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The term selfie, meaning

self-portrait, may have been named as word of the year for 2013 by the Oxford Dictionaries, but it seems that the practice goes back to some of the earliest photographic techniques.

This image, captured using a daguerreotype, was created sometime between 1845 and 50, and shows Albert Sands Southworth in an unusually revealing pose for the era (www.metmuseum.org/collections/search-the-collections/283178). Originally a pharmacist from Massachusetts, Southworth was fascinated by the new imaging invention and set up a daguerreotype studio in Boston.

This remarkable image was modelled on a classical bust and is thought by most to have been a self-portrait by Southworth, although it was coloured by his sister and may have been taken by his business partner, Johnson Hawes.

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WHAT DID THEY DO?Find out with our essential guide to tracing your working ancestors lives

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CYZ36 2013

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Contact information Email your queries and any supporting images you have to the YFT team at:[email protected]

Seeking Send us your queries

Hit a brick wall in your research? See if any of our readers can help out

Red letter query Can you help our reader date this print?This photo is part of a collection I found recently at a flea market. The dates differ, but on the back of each one is written the name Annie in red ink. Whoever she was I have no idea, but was wondering if anyone knew when red ink became used so that I can perhaps date the information.

As you will see the writing isn't modern so this is a bit of a puzzle. I would be glad of any ideas please. Thank you so much.Lost Ancestors on the YFT Facebook page, please respond at http://tinyurl.com/qdjt6hu

Adams/Casley I am researching ancestors on behalf of my son-in-law and would be grateful for any suggestions as to how I can kick-start my research into this branch of his family.

His great-grandmother was Annie/Hannah Casley/Castley/Castly/Cassley/Casserley/Cassly. She was supposedly born between 1856 and 1860 in Newry. County Down, Ireland. It would appear that Annie is not present on the 1891 Census. However according to the 1901 Census Annie is living with her husband Joseph Adams, born about 1840 in Russia, and two children, Elsie age 11 and Joseph (junior) age six years in Toxteth Park, Liverpool, Lancashire. When I checked the 1911 Census it stated that Annie and Joseph were still living in Toxteth, had been married for 25 years and their daughter Elsie was living with them.

The couple had produced five offspring, although it appears only two had survived. Elsie is obviously identified as being one of these children although I am

unsure of the other living sibling, which may or may not be Joseph (junior).

I have been able to locate four of the couple's children and these are as follows: Mary Elsie, born 5 October 1889 at 102 Tiber Street, Toxteth Park Liverpool, Lancashire, and died on 30 September 1927 in Liverpool Maternity Hospital; Agnes Clara, born 6 March 1893 in Toxteth Park and died before 18 June 1893 in Toxteth Park; Joseph, born 17 July 1894 in Liverpool, no death found; and Augustus, born 10 March 1897 in Toxteth Park Liverpool, Lancashire, died before 1 December 1897. The remaining child has proved elusive!

I have searched for a marriage for an Annie Casley to a Joseph Adams with many name and surname variations for both and have applied for several certificates, all of which have proved to be incorrect. A search for Annie's birth has also reached a dead end. To date the only birth record that may be a candidate is

a Mary Ann Causley, born 8 November 1865 in Newry, County Down, father Arther Causley and mother Catherine Vallelly. Obviously the birth date is up to 10 years later than the date Annie enters on census records but Annie could well have lied if she wished to hide an even greater age difference between the couple than there was already.

Regarding Joseph's birth in Russia, this has proved to be immensely difficult to pinpoint as

he may well have had a foreign name, which I have not been able to identiify. However, his death, stated as age 78, takes place on 18 January 1920 at

126 Smithdown Road, Toxteth Park Liverpool, Lancashire, and Annie's occurs on 9 June 1933 at 42 Belmont Road, Liverpool, age stated as 82 years old.

I have well and truly hit a brick wall and nothing seems to add up. Has anyone any ideas? Any help would be much appreciated.Rosemary Waller [email protected]

Ellis I have for some time now been trying to find out what happened to my great-grandfather after the 1901 Census. He was Thomas Ellis,

T he fact is that during the course of your family research you may come up against a barrier that refuses to budge, no matter where you look for the solution. But instead of worrying, why not write in to Your Family Trees Seeking pages to find the answers?

Using the Seeking service is free and very simple. You can email your query (and any photographs) to [email protected]. Remember to include your contact details so that other YFT readers can get in touch with you if they can help you out. Please also try to submit your query accurately and in the format you see on these pages.

If youd like a more immediate response, why not post your enquiry on our forum? Just visit www.yourfamilytreemag.co.uk/yft-forum and create a new thread in the Seeking & Look-ups section. You can also post your query on our Facebook page at www.facebook.com/yourfamilytreemaguk to get input.

Of course, it could be that your research is going brilliantly, but why not read these listings anyway to see if you can help someone else out?


Your Family Tree magazine Future Publishing Limited. 30 Monmouth Street, Bath, BA1 2BW Tel: +44 (0) 1225 442244 Fax: +44 (0) 1225 732275 Email: [email protected] Web: www.yourfamilytreemag.co.uk Twitter: www.twitter.com/yourfamtreemag Facebook: www.facebook.com/yourfamilytreemaguk Pinterest: www.pinterest.com/yourfamilytree EDITORIAL Editor: Adam Rees Art Editor: Alex Duce Production Editor: Lizi Brown Community Editor / Issue downloads: Annabel Andrews CONTRIBUTORS Anthony Adolph, Nick Carson, Andrew Chapman, Else Churchill, Doreen Hopwood, Audrey Linkman, Elizabeth Norton, Chris Paton, Nick Peers, Paul Reed, David Rolfe, Nikki Sheeran, Colin Waters, Simon Wills Illustrations: Jez Bridgeman, Garry Walton Group Senior Editor: Julie Tayor Group Art Director: Matthew Hunkin Creative Director: Robin Abbott Editorial Director: Jim Douglas ADVERTISING Senior Ad Manager: Penny Stokes 01225 732080 Deputy Ad Manager Michael Pyatt 01225 442244 Advertising Sales Director: Clare Coleman Straw 01225 442244 London Sales Director: Malcolm Stoodley MARKETING Marketing Executive: Ellie Ralph Senior Product Manager: Elizabeth Daly CIRCULATION Trade Marketing Manager: Liza Austin Head of Trade Marketing: James Whitaker International Accounts Manager: Rebecca Hill PRINT & PRODUCTION Production Co-ordinator: Stephanie Smith Production Manager: Mark Constance LICENSING Licensing and Syndication Director: Regina Erak FUTURE PLC Liz Taylor Managing Director, Future Women: Jo Morrell Chief Executive: Mark Wood SUBSCRIPTIONS Phone our UK hotline on: 0844 8482852 Subscribe online at: www.myfavouritemagazines.co.uk/genealogy Next issue on sale 25 March 2014 Printed in the UK by William Gibbons on behalf of Future. Distributed in the UK by Seymour Distribution Ltd, 2 East Poultry Avenue, London, EC1A 9PT. Tel: 0207 429 4000

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Seeking Send us your queries

born in Liverpool in 1872, the son of Richard Ellis, an engine fitter and his wife Ann, ne Jones. In 1893 Thomas married Eliza Corless at St David's parish church in Liverpool.

In 1894 their son Richard was born, my grandfather. In 1896 Eliza gave birth to a daughter Margaret Ann at Beach Row in Llanfairisgaer (formerly Port Dinorwic now known as Felinheli), Caernarvonshire. Sadly Eliza died after the birth and baby Margaret three months later. Thomas was present at the deaths and in each instance his occupation is given as a fireman on a steamer.

According to an old family story, Thomas was so devastated at the loss of his wife and baby that he put his son, Richard, in the care of a couple in Beach Row and went back to sea.

His last known location is Bootle, Liverpool in the 1901 Census, when he is living with his sister, Sydney Jane, and brother-in-law, William Davison. He is recorded as a 28-year-old widower/sailor. All attempts to trace Thomas after 1901 have failed and I would therefore be most grateful for any further information on his life after this, and his death if anybody is able to find it!Jean [email protected]

Do you know this family? Can you help reunite these photographs with their rightful owners?

I have some photos, which I believe belong to the Davies family from Carshalton, near Sutton in Surrey. They are family photos of William, his wife and children. I would love to pass them on to their descendants.

Here are just three of the photos that I have. They are stuck onto photo album/scrapbook paper and are marked as follows: "Will"; "On leave with the North Staffords at Jhangi C.I. 1898"; and "With William and Florrie Quetta".

There are other photos of the children along with sisters Dora and Cissie. Also some photos of three boys are on a page dated 1894. The boys are identified as Harry, Fred and Dick. All these other photographs look as though they wouldn't scan very well so I have sent the best ones.Rita White [email protected]

This is a British name, which takes us back to the Iron Age, before the time of the Romans, Saxons, Vikings and Normans, when the island was

inhabited by a patchwork of tribes from the tip of Cornwall right up to the furthest extremities of Scotland.

Although some had come over from the continent at different times, there was to some extent a common culture and some names seem to have been used all across the land. One of them was the personal name Morgan.

It has been a personal name and surname for as long as it has existed, because the British custom was to surname people with the names of their fathers, so Morgan son of Bran would be called Morgan ap Bran, and Morgans son Llyr would be called Llyr ap Morgan.

Its only in the last 1,000 years (and much more recently in many parts of Wales) that the word for son of has been dropped,

and the patronymic stopped changing with each generation but became fixed. As a result, people whose ancestors happened to be called Morgan 150, 250, 500 or more years ago are still using this name as their surname to this day.

The name Morgan was spoken in different ways across the island: Morcant in Cornwall; Morgunn in Pictish Scotland (with the genitive forms Morcunn and Morcant) and Morgan in Wales another variant, Morken, appears in Jocelins Life of St Kentigern.

Nobody can be certain what it means, as its far older than any source which could possibly tell us, but a theory, in Dr Blacks Surnames of Scotland, is that its from the

early Celtic (by which he means ancient British) mori-cantos, two words which put together mean sea-bright.

The arms shown here are those of the Morgans of Mellhouse, Co Durham.

MORGAN

By Anthony AdolphAnthony is a professional genealogist, having been interested

in the subject since childhood. He is also a TV presenter.

This fine old surname leads us back into the mists of ancient Britain, as Anthony Adolph discovers

The name Morgan goes back to the Iron Age, before the time of the Romans and Normans

MorcunMorgannMorgantMorgaunt


Surn

ames

M

orga

n

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December 2013 Issue 136www.yourfamilytreemag.co.uk

Expert advice...Search maps online Scottish marriages

Avoid mistakes

All the essential advice you need for fi nding the heroes in your family this Remembrance Day

MILITARY HINTS & TIPS

RECORDS OF THE POLICEDiscover what life was really like

for the Bobbies in your tree

HOW DID THEY DIE?Find out with our guide to coroners and their records

THE BEST MAGAZINE FOR BEGINNING YOUR FAMILY HISTORY RESEARCH!START TRACING YOUR ANCESTORS TODAY, IT'S EASY!

FREE RECORDS EXCLUSIVE DOWNLOADABLE FAMILY HISTORY RESOURCES FOR EVERY READER!

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136DECEMBER 2013g 100 military hints and tipsg Records of the policeg Coroners and their recordsg Scottish marriagesg Northamptonshire rootsg Brudenell, Isham, Lee and Spencer

FAMILY HISTORY ON THE INTERNET

MADE EASY! Discover how simple it really is to grow your tree online

IMAGES FROM THE PASTExamine family photos taken at Christmas time

SEARCH YOUR LOCAL ARCHIVECatalogues reveal whats hidden in your nearest office

UNDERTAKERS IN YOUR TREEDig deep and find out about this noble profession

January 2014 Issue 137www.yourfamilytreemag.co.uk

TRACE YOUR IRISH ANCESTORS TODAY!

UPSTAIRS, DOWNSTAIRSUncover the day-to-day lives

of domestic servants in Victorian towns and cities

ARE YOU COMFY?

How to avoid aches, pains and eyestrain when researching

MASTER THE BASICS

FREE RECORDS EXCLUSIVE RESOURCES FOR EVERY

READER

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Expert advice...World War II heroes

Wills & inventories Church records

137JANUARY 2014g Family history on the internet made easy!g Undertakers in your treeg Trace your Irish ancestorsg Maids of all workg Martin, OByrne, OFarrell and OToole

February 2014 Issue 138www.yourfamilytreemag.co.uk

SEARCHING FOR ELUSIVE FAMILY? Expert advice...Genealogy websites

Interview relatives Rural criminals

Simple step-by-step advice on solving all your research problems

HOW THEY MADE GLASS Trace forebears who crafted this precious material

POOR LAW RECORDS Find rich and poor kin in these parish papers

COUNTRYSIDE CRIMINALS The records that shed light on rural lawbreakers

WHO WERE THEY?

discover their real storiesStart your journey and master vital records in fi ve simple steps


READER 138FEBRUARY 2014g Start you family historyg Break down your brick wallsg Uncover Buckinghamshire ancestorsg Countryside criminalsg Chetwode, Clark, Dayrell and Dormer

Which events and dates your family and

the lives they led

ADD COLOUR TO THE PAST

Expert advice...Locate a family home

Directories online Parish records

March 2014 Issue 139www.yourfamilytreemag.co.uk

FIND YOUR WELSH ANCESTORS TODAY!

THE GREAT SHEFFIELD FLOOD

Trace your WAR HEROES

WHAT'S IN THE PARISH CHEST? You can find incredible details in church records

RECORDS OF SCHOOL DAYS Find out about your ancestors, childhood years

THERE SHE BLOWS... Discover the stories of whalers in your tree

People travelled from miles around to witness the devastation!Real-life case studies start on page 34


READER the great war First steps with soldiers

How to use medal records Life on the Home Front

HOW DID THEY LIVE?

139MARCH 2014g Trace your WWI heroesg Where did they live? Add colour to the pastg Uncover Clwyd ancestorsg Find whalers in your treeg Clough, Hanmer, James and Mostyn

LIFE ON THE HOME FRONTHidden records that reveal your family's role

APPRENTICE RECORDS Trace your kin as they learnt their trade

TRACK DOWN WWII HEROES Find out about the men who fought in Italy

WILLS, GRAVES & MORE

Plus... g Trace Warwickshire kin g Real-life reader stories g Our experts answer your

questions and more!

Death RecordsLEARN MORE ABOUT YOUR ANCESTORS LIVES

FROM THE RECORDS THEY LEFT BEHIND

HANDS ONGet to grips with Pinterest and learn to share photos and more online

THE HISTORY OF BRITAINS SLAVE TRADE

Discover the rise and fall of this shameful chapter of history and those involved

Bumper guide to the best websites for finding these unique religious records

October 2013 Issue 134www.yourfamilytreemag.co.uk

FIND NONCONFORMISTS, CATHOLICS AND JEWS

134OCTOBER 2013g Death records: Wills, graves and moreg Nonconformists onlineg The history of Britains slave trade g Cooper, Mordaunt, Sheldon and Throckmorton

November 2013 Issue 135www.yourfamilytreemag.co.uk

research on a budgetThe easiest ways to save money when tracing your family

RAF BOMBER COMMAND The story of those who ruled the WWII skies

ABERDEEN ANCESTORSThe best archive services in North East Scotland

THE FAMILY BUTCHERSDiscover your forebears in this ancient trade

FIND FAMILY BEFORE 1800

Find early censuses

Unlock parish registers

Locatemedieval records

HOW TO RECORD YOUR FAMILY HISTORY FINDINGS!Practical methods for organising, storing and displaying your incredible discoveries

steps to pre-census success

135NOVEMBER 2013g Find family before 1800 in three easy stepsg Trace Aberdeenshire king The history of RAF Bomber Command g Barclay, Gordon, King and Sangster

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Go beyond parish registers to find your roots in medieval times and even earlier!

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PLUSWhat did they do for fun? Find records of sports clubs, societies and other groups that show what your family did in their spare time

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certainly a slave on the plantations there, and at least some of William and Sarahs children were noticeably dark-skinned. Attitudes towards mixed-race unions seem to have been surprisingly relaxed in the Bahamas Read Elding, one of Williams predecessors as governor, was of openly multiracial origins himself. But once William and Sarah entered the more racist world of Virginian society, trouble began. When one of their sons was baptised in 1729 at Marblehead, Virginia,

the clergyman saw his darkish skin and recorded him as a negro child of William Fairfax, Esq.

Keeping up appearancesLetters written by William confirm that appearance counted for everything. To his mother he wrote that his elder son George Fairfax (1724-1787) was a poor West Indian boy, especially as he has the marks in his visage that will always testify his parentage.

So to the Fairfaxes at the time, this small dose of African blood was their

skeleton in the cupboard and word reached William that his children, by now grown up, were to be disinherited. George was sent to England, as his wife Sally wrote, to quash the impression that my husbands mother was a black woman and convince them, although he might have some dark skin from his mother, that he was not a negroes son, as people had been whispering.

As it turned out, both William and |his mixed-race son George Fairfax died before the sixth Baron, so the title went

at length to Georges younger half-brother Bryan, who had a different mother so was not at all mixed-race. But heres a twist: Bryans son, the ninth Baron Fairfax, married a cousin, Margaret Herbert, whose mothers mother was Georges sister, Sarah!

Bryan Fairfax himself had a relationship with a black slave on his Virginia plantations. Their illegitimate son was Thornton Fairfax, whose descendants included Frankie Fairfax, a black civil rights activist and jazz trombonist, whose jazz band in Philadelphia launched the career of Dizzie Gillespie. Frankie Fairfax was the Duchess of Cambridges 17th cousin three times removed.

By ANTHONY ADOLPHAnthony is a professional genealogist and TV presenter, having been interested in the subject since childhood.

A poor West Indian boy Anthony Adolph found some non-European blood in the aristocratic Fairfaxes

He wrote to his mother that his poor son George has the marks in his visage that will always testify his parentage

The Fairfax family is best-known today as an ancestral family of the Duchess of Cambridges father, Michael Middleton. His 7x great-grandmother Sarah Fairfax came from a Suffolk branch of the family.

Another branch of this family became the Barons Fairfax of Cameron, who were closely connected with America. It was because of this that they acquired what was regarded at the time as their skeleton in the cupboard some African blood. Of course, there is nothing remotely shameful about that now, but at the time it was regarded as a major problem, and their efforts to overcome this open an interesting window onto attitudes towards race in the eighteenth century.

The story starts with William Fairfax (1691-1757) whose father Henry was a younger brother of the fifth Baron. The fifth Baron married the heiress of the Colepeper family, whose ancestors had been granted a vast tract of land in Virginia by Charles II, and this became the inheritance of their son, the sixth Baron. Meanwhile, like most younger sons of younger sons, William had to make a living for himself. After a spell as Governor of the Bahamas, he moved to Virginia where the sixth Baron employed him as his agent to look after his slave plantations there. Neither the sixth Baron nor his brother were likely to produce any children, so William was confident that one day he or his sons would inherit the title and lands.

Whilst in the Bahamas, William had married Sarah Walker, daughter of Major Thomas Walker, the islands Chief Justice. Somewhere in her ancestry was a black woman, almost

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Your Family Tree - Spring 2014.Bak

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