YoshihiroHAYASHI_en.pdf

7/29/2019 YoshihiroHAYASHI_en.pdf

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Innovative Technologies for the Sustainable

Development of Food Production in the 21st Century

The Strategy in Japan

The Strategy in JapanThe Strategy in Japan

Yoshihiro Hayashi, Ph.D.Professor, Graduate School of Agricultural & Life Sciences,

The University of Tokyo, Japan

Member, The Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Research Council


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The Agriculture, Forestry and

Fisheries Research Council (AFFRC)AFFRC is a special organization established in the Ministry

of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Japan

Duties of AFFRC

1. Formulating the basic objectives and other fundamental

matters for agricultural, forestry and fishery research activitiesin Japan

2. Liaison and coordinating between the research institutions

and administrative sections


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Sustainable Development of Agriculture in the 21Sustainable Development of Agriculture in the 21stst CenturyCentury

LaborLabor--saving and Energysaving and Energy--savingsaving

Agricultural TechnologiesAgricultural Technologies

Aging Society

Global Warming

A new system created by fusing both agriculture and engineering technologies

Use of robots for next-generation production system

Use of robotsUse of robots for nextfor next--generation production systemgeneration production system

HarvestHarvestRobotRobot

SortSort

RobotRobot

HandlingEye


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Japan is good at robot technologies (Robo-Farm)

Japan is good at robot technologies (Japan is good at robot technologies (RoboRobo--Farm)Farm)

Fused

TechnologyRobot Technology

Remote-controlled helicopterMeasuring the growth of crop

Auto-controlled spreader of

fertilizer

Harvester recording data ofquality and quantity of cropautomatically

Automated farm tractor A

Automated farm tractor B

Automated rice plantingmachine


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New rice variety for curry

Left [], rice for curry

Right: Koshikikari

Purple sweet potato

A new variety AYAMURASAKI containing a functional pigment,Anthocyanin

New materials for medical use

Silkworm producing a high protein

containing silk for medical use

Development of new foods and/or new materials

Development of new foods and/or new materialsDevelopment of new foods and/or new materials

Innovative technologies for improving a new variety

Benifuuki, a new green tea

10A new tomato containing high lycopene

with anti-oxidation effect

High lycopene tomato

The new green tea contains an anti-allergic

materials methyl-kakitene

0. 0

0. 5

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Advantages of edible vaccineAdvantages of edible vaccine

z Avoidance of stress for animals

z

Reduction of labor cost, transport and storage cost,purifying cost, and etc.

z Cheapness and easiness in edible vaccineproduction

vaccine injection edible vaccine feeding

CROPCROP--BASED EDIBLE VACCINESBASED EDIBLE VACCINES

AS A PROMISING NEW AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTAS A PROMISING NEW AGRICULTURAL PRODUCT


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Production of transgenic riceProduction of transgenic rice

expressing CTBexpressing CTB--As16 antigenAs16 antigen

for controlling roundworm in pigfor controlling roundworm in pig

O ryza sa t ivacv,kitaake (ja p o n ic a)


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Callus induction d7 Callus induction d30 Pre-incubation

Co-cultivation

Sterilization

and selectionw/ hygromycine

1 week

Regeneration 3 wkRegeneratesPotted rice 1 weekBlooming rice

Agrobacterium tumefacience EH105Transformation of riceTransformation of rice


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LBRB

2.3 kb-GluB pro35SHPTNos

ter As16CTBGlusig GluB 3

Glutelin-B promoter CTB-As16 fusion genes

Nucleus

Calli from rice embryo

SelectionCTB-As16

producingrice

PlasmidAgrobacterium


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CTB-As16 rice+ CT

30

20

10

0

Larvae

recoveredfroml

ung

zWT rice

+ CTRegular

diet

P < 0.05

Reduction of 3rd stage larvae by CTB-As 16 antigen

IdentifiedA. suum 3rd stage larval antigen, As16, is

a hopeful mucosal vaccine candidate


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Gpt2Steap4Ptp4a1Bcl2l11810015C04RikRrp1bZbtb16Gm129Prkcbp1MetrnlGpr146Gpr146Gpr146HdhGrinaENSMUSG00000052976Exod1Tada1lGpc4TrfBC029214F10

Abcb11Col4a3bpSerpinc1

AnkSlc30a106330416G13Rik

AU022434Mfhas1

A530088I07RikCyp4f14Il1rapTmcc1---MmeBri3bpPrkcnPrkcnHist1h1cRbm254932438A13Rik /// LOC665732Trim2Mak10Thoc5Fbxl15Kdelc16330416G13RikEftud2UbcUbcUbcUbcUbcE430010N07RikMtpn

Individual characterization

Tailor-made foods for each person

All-inclusive analyses of gene expression contribute to evaluate the safety and function of food components

and to offer the menu for individual constitution and physical condition

Able to cheese the foods containing effectivecomponents according to indiv idual gene

informationAble to predict the safety and effect iveness offoodsAbel to offer the menu for well balanced andfunctional meals

Measurement of the gene

expression using DNA micro-

arey, after feeding the samples

to experimental animals

Integrated database system

1. Polymorphism

2. Functional components

Characteristics of tailor-made foods

Development of tailor-made foods using by nutrigenomicsDevelopment of tailorDevelopment of tailor--made foods using bymade foods using by nutrigenomicsnutrigenomics


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- Fe Iron is not available in alkaline soilsIron is not available in alkaline soils

FeFe

Fe

Plants die in alkaline soilsPlants die in alkaline soils

due to iron deficiencydue to iron deficiency

Iron is the essential elementIron is the essential element

for plant growthfor plant growth

Professor Naoko Nishizawa, Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology

Graduate School of Agricultural & Life Sciences,

The University of Tokyo

Professor NaokoProfessor Naoko NishizawaNishizawa, Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology

Graduate School of Agricultural & Life Sciences,Graduate School of Agricultural & Life Sciences,

The University of TokyoThe University of Tokyo


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Transgenic

Transgenic rice tolerant to alkaline soilsTransgenic rice tolerant to alkaline soilsTransgenic rice tolerant to alkaline soils

TransgenicWT WT

Success 2Success 2Success 1Success 1

TakahashiTakahashi et alet al,,NatureNatureBiotechnolBiotechnol 20012001

IshimaruIshimaru et alet al,,ProcProcNatlNatl cadAcadSciSci USAUSA 20072007


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Development of crop resistant to dry and salt damage

Collaboration with international organization

DREB geneIs a gene resistant to dry and salt damage

DREB reinforcementControl

Dry condition

CIATICRISAT

ICARDA IRRI

Increased

productionBioenergyAfforestation

Control

wheat

DREB reinforcement

JIRCAS, a national agricultural institute, has found DREB geneJIRCAS, a national agricultural institute, has found DREB gene

resistant to dry and salt damage by the collaboration with interresistant to dry and salt damage by the collaboration with inter--

national research institutionsnational research institutions


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Production Processing Distribution

Elimination of camouflage food

Role in the food chain

Rapid and reliable methods for food label

Consumer

Food safety and intellectual property

Discrimination method using by DNA technology

Principal component analysis

Distinction of variety and locality


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Adaptive agricultural technologies for global warmingAdaptive agricultural technologies for global warming

New technologies for surmounting high temperature circumstance

Rice resistant to high temperature

Orange resistant to high temperature

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