Yixing Xu Wednesday, November 30, 2005. Central = Primary lymphoid tissue Site of maturation of the...
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![Page 1: Yixing Xu Wednesday, November 30, 2005. Central = Primary lymphoid tissue Site of maturation of the cells of the immune system Bone marrow –B cells, monocytes,](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062421/56649d365503460f94a0de2d/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Yixing Xu
Wednesday,
November 30, 2005
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Central = Primary lymphoid tissue• Site of maturation of the cells of the immune system• Bone marrow
– B cells, monocytes, erythrocytes, granulocytes, and megakaryocytes
• Thymus– T cells
Peripheral = Secondary lymphoid tissue• Filter blood and lymph• Site of antigen, immune system interaction
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Peripheral = Secondary lymphoid tissue• Diffuse lymphatic tissue
– Unencapsulated– GI (Tonsils*, Peyer’s patches*, appendix); Respiratory
tract; Genitourinary– Found in the lamina propria where pathogens are
likely to invade
• Lymph nodes– Encapsulated– Interposed btwn lymphatic vessels (only)
• Spleen lymphatic tissue– Encapsulated– Interposed btwn lymph and blood circulation
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Follicle = Nodule
Primary follicle- Naïve (B) Lymphocytes- No germinal center
Secondary follicle- Germinal Center- Antigen has been encountered- Looks pale because of
plasmablasts: large euchromatic nuclei
- Surrounded by T cells
2
1
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Germinal Center– Dark zone = densely
packed B lymphocytes separated by reticular cells
– Light zone = plasmablasts• Large cell, central nucleus,
prominent nucleolus
– T cells at periphery
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Tonsil
• Unencapsulated• Stratified squamous non-
keratinized epithelium• In the dense fibrous CT• CT Septum lobes• Crypts - invaded by
lymphocytes• Numerous Lymphoid
nodules– Primary: homogeneous
– Secondary: germinal centers
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• Lymphocytes invade the epithelium and the connective tissue
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• GALT (gut associated lymphatic tissue)– Unencapuslated: diffuse lymphatic tissue– In the loose areolar CT of the lamina propria– Solitary lymphatic nodules
• Aggregates of lymphatic nodules in Peyer’s patches and appendix
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Question 1The region at the arrow is:
A) Peyer’s Patch
B) Germinal Center
C) Lymph Node
D) Primary lymphoid nodule
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Question 1The region at the arrow is:
A) Peyer’s Patch
B) Germinal Center
C) Lymph Node
D) Primary lymphoid nodule
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Lymph Node Function
• Filters lymphatic fluid• Enhance antigen presentation• Facilitate B-Cell Activation to
generate plasma cells and memory B-cells
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Lymph Node Structural Components
• Capsule: Dense, Irregular CT (collagen type I stains red brown)
• Trabeculae are extensions of the capsule
• Reticular tissue - framework (collagen III stains black with the Silver stain)
• Hilum - efferent lymph; entry
and exit of blood vessels
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Lymph Flow w/in Node
Afferent Lymphatics subcapsular sinus trabecular sinuses medullary sinus efferent lymphatics
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Lymph VesselsValves prevent backflow• Carries Lymph from tissue
lymph nodes blood via thoracic duct– Fluid– Proteins– Ingested fats– Particulate matter– Antigen– Disease microorganisms– Cells (normal and cancerous)
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Lymphatic Sinuses• Subcapsular sinus
– Receive lymph from afferent lymphatic vessels
• Trabecular sinuses– Drain into medullary sinuses
• Provide open communication between lymphatic drainage and parenchyma (macrophages monitor lymph as it percolates through; will phagocytose)
– Macrophages take up India ink- stained black.
Trabecular
Subcapsular
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Medullary Region
• Cords and Sinuses• Cords: reticular cells,
lymphocytes, plasmablasts, plasma cells
• Antibody secreted into efferent lymph
• Macrophages present• Entry/exit of blood
vessels, nerves, efferent lymph
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Lymph Node Parenchyma
• Cortex– Primary, secondary nodules– B cells
• Deep cortex– (aka paracortex,
juxtamedullary cortex, thymus dependent cortex)
– No nodules– T cells
• Medullary cords – Plasma cells synthesize and
release Abs into lymph flowing through the sinuses.
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T-cell Zone• Comprises of Deep Cortex and
Paracortex• Deep cortex: T and B cells
enter from the circulation via HEV
– Post capillary venules with high endothelial cells
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Summary of Lymph Node flow
Lymph Flow w/in Node
Afferent Lymphatics subcapsular sinus trabecular sinuses medullary sinus efferent lymphatics
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A
B
Question 2
C.Both
D.Neither
Q1) For the two pictures on the slide, select the correct answer for each of the below:
Is encapsulatedContains germinal centersPeripheral lymphoid tissueCentral lymphoid tissue
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A
B
Question 2
C.Both
D.Neither
Q1) For the two pictures on the slide, select the correct answer for each of the below:
Is encapsulated (B)Contains germinal centers (C)Peripheral lymphoid tissue (C)Central lymphoid tissue (D)
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Question 3
The region inside the box contains which of the following upon antigenic stimulation:
A. Plasma Cells
B. Macrophages
C. T-Cells
D. Memory B-Cells
E. All of the Above
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Question 3
The region inside the box contains which of the following upon antigenic stimulation:
A. Plasma Cells
B. Macrophages
C. T-Cells
D. Memory B-Cells
E. All of the Above