Yes, you do have to write this down!

Columbus Crosses the Atlantic

The Spanish had three reasons for exploration:

– gold

– land

– religion

This exploration brought about great This exploration brought about great changes for Europe and the natives.changes for Europe and the natives.

Brainstorm…Brainstorm…

What types of changes?What types of changes? Did the Europeans know what they were doing?Did the Europeans know what they were doing?

Colonization – the establishment of distant settlements controlled by the parent country.

The Spanish established settlements or colonies using the following tactics:

superior weaponry forced labor

Disease ravaged the Native Americans; measles, mumps, chickenpox, small pox and typhus. By 1600, it is

estimated that only 1 in 25 native peoples survive the epidemics.

Brainstorm…

As a landowner looking to get rich what do you do now?

The Slave Trade Begins

As more natives died of disease African slavery became an essential part of the European-American economic system.

o “The labor of one …[African]…[is] more valuable than that of four Indians; every effort should be made to bring many…[Africans] from Guinea.”

Bartolome De Las Casas

The development of the new world created The development of the new world created profound changes in the new and old world. The profound changes in the new and old world. The exchange of plants, animals and ideas is known exchange of plants, animals and ideas is known as the Columbian Exchange.as the Columbian Exchange.

Atlantic Ocean

Americas to Europe, Africa and Asia

Europe, Africa and Asia to Americas

•Corn•Potato•Pumpkin•Turkey•Cacao Bean

•Disease•Livestock•Citrus•Coffee

Brainstorm…

What is the end result of this exploration?– religious?– economic?– social?– food?– exploration?– government?

What is the end result of this exploration?– religious? – Explorers attempt to convert Native Americans

to Christianity– economic? – Europeans saw this as an opportunity to gain

resources and trade with more people.– social? – Decimation of Native American people and influx

of new people.– food? – New crops introduced to Europe– exploration? – Colonization begins following exploration.– government? – Iroquois Confederacy – five tribes that

create an alliance. Matriarchal leadership.

Discuss

• Why did European explorers believe they could simply claim lands for their home countries, even though these lands were already populated?

• What impact did the Columbian Exchange have on people’s lives throughout the world?

• Why did Europeans want to colonize the Americas?

Explorers

• Christopher Columbus – Italian but sailed for Spain

• Jacques Marquette - French

• Henry Hudson – Dutch (Dutch East India Company) – Looking for the Northwest Passage (quick way to Asia)

Map Activity• Using Page 43, Map the exploration routes for:

– Columbus– Hudson– Joliet and Marquette– Magellan– Coronado– CortezOn the Back– Define: Encomienda system, Joint-Stock Companies– Explain the different reasons for colonization– Explain Columbian Exchange and discuss the effects of the

European contact in the Americas.