Yellowtail Kingfish RAS

The Netherlands

2

- 9 species, 4 in aquaculture

- 150.000 tonnes production

- 80% Japanese amberjack

- Typically cage-farmed: < 1% in RAS

Global status of Seriola farming

English Name Scientific name Distribution

Japanese Amberjack Seriola quinqueradiata Northwest Pacific

Yellowtail Kingfish Seriola lalandi Circumglobal sub-tropics

Greater Amberjack Seriola dumerili Circumglobal Indo-West

Longfin Yellowtail Seriola rivoliana Circumglobal Indo-West

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Reasoning for Kingfish in RAS

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

0 100 200 300 400 500 600

Bo

dyw

eig

h (

g)

Age (days)

Growth of yellowtail kingfish vs. other species

yellowtail kingfish

cod

turbot

barramundi

salmon

• Existing, fast growing demand in high-end outlets

• Local production: ultrafresh supply / low transport footprint

• Sustainable and certified alternative for tuna

• Reproduction cycle closed: year-round supply of juveniles

• RAS technology for Kingfish developed

• Fast grower: 0 – 3 kg in 1 year / FCR of 1,6

• Suitable for high densities: no aggression/cannibalism

• Resilient to handling / robust species

• Demanding species, specific nutritional and

husbandry requirements

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Timeline Kingfish Zeeland

2008 R&D project in collaboration with Wageningen University

2011-2014 Pilot plant Amsterdam

2015 Foundation Kingfish Zeeland

Dec. 2016 start construction main site

Dec. 2017 1st stocking main site

2018 BAP, ASC and BRC certification

2018 Sales ramp-up

2017 first juveniles – first sales

Dec. 2018 Full standing stock

2019 Expansion to 1000 tons annual production

2019 Establishing US-site: 1st stage 2000-4000 tons

2020 Zeeland expansion 1000 → 4000 tons

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Increased security

- Production

- Biosecurity

- Broodstocks

Main site

- Production oriented

B-site

- R&D oriented

- Broodstock selection

2 Sites = 2 Hatcheries

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Broodstocks

Egg production

- Natural spawning, induced by light and temperature

- No addition of hormones

- Batch spawner, every 4 days a batch of eggs….

- Production season 3-4 months

- Several groups to ensure year round egg availability

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RAS: Operational parameters & water quality

production capacity 520 tons/year

building surface area 5000 m2

total tank volume 3400 m3

growth period (egg - 3kg) 12 months

stocking density 60 kg/m3

water exchange 0,6 m3/kg feed

primairy recirc. rate 99,6 % of flow

temperature 23 oCelsius

salinity 30 ppt

pH 7,4

TAN 0,5 -1,5 mg/l

Nitrite 0,5 -1,5 mg/l

CO2 < 6 mg/l

N2 < 100 % saturation

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System design and performance

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Mechanical filtration

Degasser

Lift pumps

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Biofiltration

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Skimmers PP Heat Exchangers

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Medium Head Oxygenators (MHO)

•12 square MHO (metabolic base flow, 50%)

•32 round individual tank MHO (tank-based demand flow, 50%)

Bicarbonate alkalinity and pH stability across fish tank

Higher alk period

Lower alk period

Even a small increase

in bicarbonate alk

gives a more stable pH

Bicarbonate

alkalinity

(mg/L) –

black line

pH drop

across

tank

Green

bar (higher the

value, more instability)

Blue Unit measurements

Greater pH stability across fish tank gives

a more stable CO2 across fish tank

Higher alk period

Lower alk period

Free

CO2

(mg/L

Blue Unit measurements

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Handling kingfish

THANK YOU