YEATS ANNUAL No. 10

In tile same series

YEATS ANNUAL Nos I, 2 Edited by Richard J. Finneran

YEATS ANNUAL Nos 3, 4, 5, 6, 7,8 Edited by Warwick Gould

YEATS AND WOMEN: YEATS ANNUAL No.9: A Special Issue Edited by Deirdre Toomey

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Susan Yeats, photolithograph by Emery Walker from a drawing by 1. B. Yeats, first published in Plates to Accompany Reveries over Childhood and Youth (Dundrum: Cuala, 1915) .

YEATS ANNUAL No. 10

Edited by Warwick Gould

Editorial matter and selection © Watwick Gould 1993 Text© Macmillan Press Ltd 1993 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1993 978-0-333-53636-0

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List of Abbreviations Editorial Board Notes 011 the Contributors List of Plates Editor's Note Ackllowledgemellts

ARTICLES

Contents

IX

xiii xiv

xviii xix xxi

~~ 3 DEIRDRE TOOMEY

Amateur Political Theatricals, Tableaux Vivants, and Catlzleen 11i Houlihatl 33

MARIA TYMOCZKO

Contextualising the Lyric Moment: Yeats's "The Happy Townland" and the Abandoned Play The Country of the Young 65

JAMES PETHICA

No Right Poem ["I was going the road one day"] 92 WARWICK GOULD

Hawk and Butterfly: The Double Vision of The Wild SWailS at Coole (1917, 1919) III

RONALD SCHUCHARD

The Words upon the Willdow-pane: A Female Tragedy 135 KATHARINE WORTH

"The Municipal Gallery Re-visited" and its Writing 159 WAYNE K. CHAPMAN

"The Sunset of Fantasy" by AE 188 edited by PETER KUCH

v

vi Contents

"MASTERING WHAT IS MOST ABSTRACT": A FORUM ON A VISION "Heraldic Supporters": Minor Symbolism and the Integrity of A Vision

COLIN McDOWELL

SIGNIFICANT RESEARCH COLLECTIONS P. S. O'Hegarty and the Yeats Collection at the University of Kansas

WAYNE K. CHAPMAN and JAMES HELYAR

SHORTER NOTES T. Sturge Moore's "Do We or Do We Not, Know It?"

207

221

and the Writing of "Byzantium" 241 DAVID PETERS CORBETT

"Long-legged Fly" and Yeats's Concept of Mind 250 DENNIS HASKELL

Yeats and Shakespeare: A Source for "The Great Day" in King Lear, IV. vi. 150-64 257

K. NARAYANA CHANDRAN

Barbara Hayley 259 A. NORMAN JEFFARES

Ellic Howe 261 R. A. GILBERT

REVIEWS

"The Unwilling Persephone": George Mills Harper (General Editor) assisted by Mary Jane Harper and others, Yeats's Vision Papers (3 vols)

DEIRDRE TOOMEY

W. B. Yeats, Les cygnes sauvages a Coole, trans. Jean-Yves Masson

ADOLPHE HABERER

267

273

Contents vii

"Blossom Tinted Stone": The Gonne-Yeats Letters /893-/938: Always Your Friend, ed. Anna MacBride White and A. Norman Jeffares 275

DEIRDRE TOOMEY

.J ahan Ramazani, Yeats and the Poetry of Death 279 MARJORIE PERLOFF

Stan Smith, W. B. Yeats: A Critical Introduction 283 GEORGEj. WATSON

Wayne K. Chapman, Yeats and E11glish Renaissance Literature 286

JAHAN RAMAZANI

Brian Arkins, Builders of My Soul: Greek and Roman Themes in Yeats 289

VIRGINIA HYDE

Leonard Orr (ed.), Yeats and Postmodernism 292 WAYNE K. CHAPMAN

Steven Hclmling, The Esoteric Comedies of Carlyle, Newman, and Yeats 295

PETER KUCH

Masaru Sekine and Christopher Murray, Yeats and the Noll: A Comparative Stul/y 298

YOKOCHlBA

Stephen R. L. Clark, Civil Peace and Sacred Order: Limits and Renewals I 302

DONALD T. TORCHlANA

Geoffrey E1born, Francis Stuhrt: A Life 304 ROY FOSTER

Robin Skelton (ed.), The Selected Writings of Jack B. Yeats; Images in Yeats; and Jack B. Yeats: The Late Paintings 306

JOHN PURSER

John W. Purser, The Literary Works of Jack B. Yeats 313 ROBIN SKELTON

Gordon S. Armstrong, Samuel Beckett, W. B. Yeats, and Jack Yeats 315

KATHARINE WORTH

viii Contents

William Carleton, Traits and Stories of the Irish Peasantry, with a foreword by Barbara Hayley

D. GODKIN

Ian Fletcher, Rediscovering Herbert Horne: Poet, Architect, Typographer, Art Historian

ANNE VARTY

Toshi Furomoto (ed.), A Widening Gyre - Poems on W. B. Yeats; W. B. Yeats, Poems of Place, introduced and edited by A. Norman Jeffares

WARWICK GOULD

PUBLICATIONS RECEIVED

317

321

323

327

List of Abbreviations

The works listed below are cited in the texts by abbreviations, volume number where appropriate, and page number. Some essays use additional abbreviations, as explained in the appropriate notes. Volumes in The Collected Edition of the Works of W. B. Yeats (CEW), edited by Richard J. Finneran and George Mills Harper, are cited by abbreviations of their individual titles.

Au AVA

AVB CLI

CM

E&I

Ex

GYL

jS&D

L

LDW

Autobiographies (London: Macmillan, 1955). A Critical Edition of Yeats's A Vision (1925), ed. George Mills Harper and Walter Kelly Hood (Lon­don: Macmillan, 1978). A Vision (London: Macmillan, 1962). The Collected Letters of W. B. Yeats, vol. I: 1865-95, ed. John Kelly and Eric Domville (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1986). W. B. Yeats: A Census of the Manuscripts, by Conrad A. Balliet with the assistance of Christine Mawhinney (New York and London: Garland Publishing, 1990). Essays and Introductions (London and New York: Macmillan, 1961). Explorations, sel. Mrs W. B. Yeats (London: Macmil­lan, 1962; New York: Macmillan, 1963). The Gonne-Yeats Letters 1893-1938: Always Your Friend, ed. Anna MacBride White and A. Norman Jeffares (London: Hutchinson, 1992). john Sherman & Dhoya, ed. with an introduction, collation of the texts, and notes, by Richard J. Fin­neran (Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 1969). The Letters oj W. B. Yeats, cd. Allan Wade (London: Rupert Hart-Davis, 1954; New York: Macmillan, 1955). Letters on Poetry from W. B. Yeats to Dorothy Wellesley,

IX

x

LMR

LNI

LRB

LTSM

LTWBY

Mem

MSNLl

Myth

MYV1,2

NC

OBMV

P&I

PR

List of Abbreviations

intro. Kathleen Raine (London and New York: Oxford University Press, 1964). "Ah, Sweet Dallcer": W. B. Yeats/Margot Ruddock, a Correspolldence, cd. Roger McHugh (London and New York: Macmillan, 1970). Letters to the New Island: A New Edition (CEW VII), ed. George Bornstein and Hugh Witemeyer (London: Macmillan, 1989). The Correspondence of Robert Bridges and W. B. Yeats, ed. Richard J. Finneran (London: Macmillan, 1977; Toronto: Macmillan of Canada, 1978). W. B. Yeats alld T. Sturge Moore: Their Correspolldellce, 1901-1937, ed. Ursula Bridge (London: Routledge and Kegan Paul; New York: Oxford University Press, 1953). Letters to W. B. Yeats, ed. RichardJ. Finneran, George Mills Harper and William M. Murphy (London: Macmillan; New York: Columbia University Press, 1977). Memoirs, cd. Denis Donoghue (London: Macmillan, 1972; New York: Macmillan, 1973). Manuscript, National Library of Ireland (to be fol­lowed by number). Mythologies (London and New York: Macmillan, 1959). The Making rif Yeats's "A Vision": A Study of the Auto­matic Script by George Mills Harper (London: Mac­millan, 1987,2 vols). A New Commentary on the Poems rif W. B. Yeats by A. NormanJeffares (London: Macmillan, 1984). The Oxford Book of Modem Verse, 1892-1935, chosen by W. B. Yeats (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1936). Prefaces and Introductions: Uncollected Prefaces and Introductions by Yeats to Works by other Authors and to Anthologies edited by Yeats (CEW Vl), ed. William H. O'Donnell (London: Macmillan, 1988). The Poems Revised, ed. Richard J. Finneran (New York: Macmillan Publishing Company, 1989; Lon­don: Macmillan, 1989). (Replaces The Poems: A New Edition, cd. Richard J. Finneran [New York: Mac-

SB

SS

UP!

UP2

VP

VPI

VSR

Wade

WWB 1,2,3

YA YAACTS

YL

List of Abbreviations xi

millan Publishing Company, 1983; London: Mac­millan, 1984], PNE). The Speckled Bird, with Variant Versions, ed. William H. O'Donnell (Toronto: McClelland and Stewart, 1976). The Senate Speeches of W. B. Yeats, ed. Donald R. Pearce (London: Faber and Faber, 1961). Uncollected Prose by W. B. Yeats, vol. I, ed. John P. Frayne (London: Macmillan; New York: Columbia University Press, 1970). Uncollected Prose by W. B. Yeats, vol. 2, cd. John P. Frayne and Colton Johnson (London: Macmillan, 1975; New York: Columbia University Press, 1976). The Variorum Edition of the Poems of w. B. Yeats, ed. Peter Allt and Russell K. Alspach (New York and London: Macmillan, 1957). (To be cited from the corrected third printing [1966] or later printings.) TIle Variorum Edition of the Plays of w. B. Yeats, ed. Russell K. Alspach (London and New York: Mac­millan, 1966). (To be cited from the corrected se­cond printing [1966] or later printings.) The Secret Rose, Stories by W. B. Yeats: A Variorum Editiorl, ed. Warwick Gould, Phillip L. Marcus and Michael J. Sidnell (London: Macmillan, 1992). (To be cited from this second edition, revised and en­larged.) Allan Wade, A Bibliograplry of the Writings of w. B. Yeats, 3rd edn, rev. Russell K. Alspach (London: Rupert Hart-Davis, 1968). The Works of William Blake, Poetic, Symbolic, arid Criti­cal, ed. with lithographs of the illustrated "Prophetic Books", and a memoir and interpretation by Edwin John Ellis and William Butler Yeats, 3 vols (London: Bernard Quaritch, 1893). Yeats Annual (to be followed by number and date). Yeats: An Antlual of Critical and Textual Studies (to be followed by number and date). Edward O'Shea, A Descriptive Catalog of w. B. Yeats's Library (New York and London: Garland, 1985).

xii

YO

YP

YT

YVP 1,2,3

List of Abbreviations

Yeats and the Occult, ed. George Mills Harper (Toronto: Macmillan of Canada, 1975; London: Macmillan, 1975). Yeats's Poems, ed. and annotated by A. Norman Jelfares with an appendix by Warwick Gould (Lon­don: Macmillan, 1989). (To be cited from the se­cond, revised edition of 1991.) Yeats and the Theatre, ed. Robert O'Driscoll and Lorna Reynolds (Toronto: Macmillan of Canada, 1975; London: Macmillan, 1975). Yeats's Vision Papers (London: Macmillan, 1992), George Mills Harper (General Editor) assisted by Mary Jane Harper, volume 1: The Automatic Script: 5 November 1917 - 18 June 1918, eds Steve L. Adams, Barbara J. Frieling and Sandra L. Sprayberry; volume 2: The Automatic Script: 25 June 1918 - 29 March 1920, eds Steve L. Adams, Barbara J. Frieling and Sandra L. Sprayberry; volume 3: Sleep and Dream Notebooks, Vision Notebooks 1 and 2, Card File, eds Robert Anthony Martinich and Margaret Mills Harper.

Editorial Board

Seamus Deane Denis Donoghue Jacqueline Genet John Harwood A. NormanJeffares K. P. S.Jochum John S. Kelly Edna Longley Phillip L. Marcus

William H. O'Donnell YukioOura Marjorie Perloff Kathleen Raine Ronald Schuchard MichaelJ. Sidnell Colin Smythe C. K. Stead Katharine Worth

Editor: Warwick Gould Research Editor: Deirdre Toomey

xiii

Notes on the Contributors

K. Narayana Chandran is Reader in English at the University of Hyderabad. He has published articles on British and American poets of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, and Singer in the Ci0J: Studies in Modem American Poetry (Hyderabad: A.S.R.C., 1987).

Wayne K. Chapman is Assistant Professor of English at Clemson University, South Carolina. His Yeats and English Renaissance Literature was published by Macmillan in 1990 and is reviewed in this volume. He is the author of several articles on Yeats's library, and on the textual evidence of Yeats's working copies of his own books. He has in hand a genetic study of the manuscripts and prompt books of The Countess Cathleen.

Yoko Chiba is a Postdoctoral Fellow of the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Society of Canada, and lives in Toronto. She is the author of numerous articles on Yeats, Japonisme, and oriental influences on modern literature. She is currently completing W. B. Yeats and Noh: From Shamanism to Zen for the Macmillan Press.

David Peters Corbett has taught English at Salford University and the history of art at Wolverhampton Polytechnic and at Manchester Metropolitan University, where he is currently a lecturer. He has written on Wyndham Lewis and Paul Nash, and is working on a biography of Thomas Sturge Moore.

Roy Foster is Carroll Professor of Irish History in the University of Oxford. His most recent book is Modem Ireland 1600-1972 (1988) and he is working on the authorised biography of Yeats for the Clarendon Press.

R. A. Gilbert is an antiquarian bookseller who specialises in Herme­tica. His many books include The Golden Dawn, Twilight of the Magicialls

XIV

Notes on the Contributors xv

and A. E. Waite: Magician of Many Parts. His two forthcoming books (with John Hamill) are World Freemasonry: An Illustrated History (1992) and Freemasonry: A Celebration of the Craft (1992).

Diarmuid Godkin is a poet from Co. Wexford now resident in Scotland.

Adolphe Haberer teaches English at the University Lumiere-Lyon 2. He is the author of Louis MacNeice: l'homme et la polsie and he has written on Yeats, Ted Hughes, Dylan Thomas, Heaney and Mahon.

Dennis Haskell is a poet and critic who teaches at the University of Western Australia, where he edits Westerb'. He has published books on Western Australian poetry, Kenneth Siessor, and John Keats, as well as a collection of his own poems.

James Helyar is Curator in Graphics at the Kenneth Spencer Re­search Library, University of Kansas, Lawrence.

Virginia Hyde is Associate Professor of English at Washington State University, Pullman. She is the author of The Risen Adam: D. H. Lawrence's Revisionist Typology and is working on a book on the icono­graphy of, among others, Morris and Yeats.

A. Norman Jeffares has held chairs at the Universities of Stirling, Leeds and Adelaide. His first book was W. B. Yeats: Man and Poet (1949) and his many studies and editions of Yeats include A New Commentary on the Poems of W. B. Yeats (1984), W. B. Yeats: A New Biography (1989), A Vision and Related Writings (1990), Yeats's Love Poems (1990) and Yeats's Poems (1989, second and revised edition, 1991). He is Honorary Life President of the International Association for the Study of Anglo-Irish Literature, and with Anna MacBride White has recently edited Letters between Maud Gonne and W. B. Yeats /893-/938: Always Your Friend (London: Hutchinson, 1992).

Peter Kuch is a lecturer in English at the University of New South Wales. His Yeats and AE: "the antagonism that unites dear friends" was published in 1986, and he is currently editing George Russell's critical writings for The Collected Edition of the Writings of G. W. Russell (Gerrards Cross: Colin Smythe).

XVI Notes on I,le Contributors

Colin McDowell is a public servant in the Australian Bureau of Statistics. He is the author of many articles on Yeats, A Vision, and Ezra Pound.

Marjorie Perloff is Sadie Dernham Patek Professor of Humanities at Stanford University. Her most recent books, Poetic Licetlse: Essays on Modemist and Postmodemist Lyric and Radical Artifice will be reviewed in Yeats Annual 11.

James Pethica is a Research Fellow of Wolfson College, Oxford, where he wrote his DPhil on the emergence of Lady Gregory as a writer. His edition of her diary is forthcoming from Colin Smythe Ltd. He is at present finishing a book on Lady Gregory and W. B. Yeats.

John Purser is an Anglo-Irish Glaswegian, well known as composer of the operas The Undertaker and The Bell, as poet and playwright, and winner of the Radio Eireann Carolan Prize. He lectures for the Glasgow University Department of Adult and Continuing Educa­tion, and broadcasts on music for the BBC. His TIle Literary Works oj Jack B. Yeats is reviewed in this volume.

Jahan Ramazani is Assistant Professor of English and Co-Director of the Modern Studies Program at the University of Virginia, Char­lottesville and has recently published Yeats and the Poetry oj Death, reviewed in this volume.

Ronald Schuchard is Professor of English at Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia. He is co-editor of volumes 3 and 4 of The Collected Letters oj W. B. Yeats (forthcoming) and author of TIle Last Minstrels: W. B. Yeats and the Bardic Revival (forthcoming). His edition of T. S. Eliot's Clark and Turnbull Lectures will be published by Faber and Faber under the title The Varieties flj'Metaphysical Poetry.

Robin Skelton, poet, critic, biographer and editor of Synge, and editor of Jack B. Yeats, is Emeritus Professor of English at the University of British Columbia. His recent edition of The Selected Writings oj Jack B. Yeats is reviewed in this volume.

Deirdre Toomey is a co-editor of the forthcoming The Collected Letters flj'W. B. Yeats, volume 2: 1896-1900, and of Early Essays in the new Mac­millan Collected Edition flj'the Works oj W. B. Yeats. She is assistant editor

Notes on the Contributors xvii

of The Complete Graphic Works of William Blake, ed. David Bindman (1978), and editor of Yeats and Womer/: Yeats Amlllal No.9 (1991).

Donald T. Torchiana is Emeritus Professor of English at Northwest­ern University. A new edition of his W. B. Yeats and Georgian Ireland is due shortly from the Catholic University of America Press. He is work­ing upon a book on W. B. Yeats and the Western philosophical tradition.

Maria Tymoczko is Professor of Comparative Literature and Ad­junct Professor of English at the University of Massachusetts at Amherst. She has written on the translation of early Irish literature by writers of the Anglo-Irish Revival and her Tile Irisll "Ulysses" is forth­coming from the University of California Press in 1993.

Anne Val'ty is a Lecturer in the Departments of English and Drama and Theatre Studies at Royal Holloway and Bedford New College, University of London. She is currently preparing Walter Pater and the Visual Arts.

George J. Watson is Senior Lecturer in English at the University of Aberdeen. He is the author of Irish Identity and tile Literary Revival: Synge, Yeats, Joyce and o 'Casey.

Katharine Worth is Emeritus Professor of Drama and Theatre Stud­ies in the University of London. Since The Irish Drama of Europe from Yeats to Beckett (1977) she has published Oscar Wilde (1983), Maeter­linck's Plays in Peiformance (1985), "Waiting for Godot" and "Happy Days": Texts and Peiformance (1990) as well as her edition of Where There is Nothing and The Unicorn from the Stars (1987) for the Irish Dramatic Texts series.

Lis t of Plates

Frontispiece: Susan Yeats, photolithograph by Emery Walker from a drawing by J. B. Yeats, first published in Plates to Accompany Reveries over Childhood and Youth (Dundrum: Cuala, 1915).

Wood engraving after pen and ink drawing by Jack B. Yeats to illustrate "An Gruagach Uasal" ["The Noble Enchanter"] in The Irish Homestead (December 1901). Photograph by courtesy of the British Library.

2 Text of[" I was going the road one day"] in copy submitted for the Dublin Edition, showing overlay typed by George Yeats. Photo­graph by courtesy ofHRHRC, University of Texas at Austin.

3 The same, with overlay folded back, showing Yeats's holograph revisions.

4 Lily Yeats, pencil drawing by J. B. Yeats, October 1905, on the flyleaf of Samuel Arthur Jones (ed.), Pertaining to Thoreau. Photo­graph by courtesy of the Kenneth Spencer Research Library, University of Kansas.

5 Michael and Grainne Yeats, P. S. O'Hegarty, and Maire, Colin and Se6irse Mhic Aogain in Donegal, 1947. Photograph by courtesy of Maire Mhic Aogain and Grainne Yeats.

6 P. S. O'Hegarty, Irish delegate to the International Postal Con­gress in Stockholm, 1924. Photograph by courtesy of Maire Mhic Aogain and Grainne Yeats.

7 Caricature of P. S. O'Hegarty, with the General Post Office, Dublin, in the background, drawn for his retirement in 1944 by Charles E. Kelly. Photograph by courtesy of Brighid and Cian 6 hEigeartaigh.

8 Anne Yeats, unveiling the memorial plaque to her grandfather, father and uncle at no. 3 Blenheim Road, Bedford Park, London, on 7 September 1991, with Nigel Woolner, Chairman, and T. AfHeck Greeves, President, Bedford Park Society. Photograph by courtesy of T. AfHeck Greeves and the Brentford mid Chiswick Times.

XVlll

Editor's Note

On 7 September 1991, outside no. 3 Blenheim Road, Bedford Park, Anne Yeats unveiled a dark green plaque to John Butler Yeats, W. B. and Jack B. Yeats (see Plate 8), offering a delightful, intimate and amusing account of the house's occupants to a street full of residents, who then provided a reception in her honour. Many present must have wondered whether this initiative of the Bedford Park Society might have serial consequences for that "Aesthetes' Elysium" in west London.

Professor Roy Foster, FBA, Carroll Professor of Irish History in Oxford (address, Hertford College) is working on his authorised life of W. B. Yeats for the Clarendon Press, Oxford. Professor Ann Saddlcmyer, Master of Massey College, University of Toronto, con­tinues to work on her authorised life of George Yeats. Both would welcome new information from readers. Dr John S. Kelly, General Editor of TIle Collected Letters of W. B. Yeats (Clarendon Press) would be pleased to hear of newly recovered letters of Yeats, at St John's College, Oxford, OXI 3JP, UK. Colin Smythe (PO Box 6, Gerrards Cross, Bucks, SL9 8EF, UK) is working on his complete revision of the Wade-Alspach Bibliography for the Clarendon Press. Dr Omar Pound kindly informs me that his papers relating to Olivia Shakes pear have now been deposited in the Lilly Library, Bloomington, Indiana. This archive was used for John Harwood's Olivia Shakespear and W. B. Yeats: After Long SileTlce (London: Macmillan, 1989).

Contributions for Yeats A,mual No. 12 should reach me by I July 1993, and those for Yeats Annual No. 13 by the same date in 1994 at the Department of English, Royal Holloway and Bedford New College (University of London), Egham Hill, Egham, Surrey, TW20 OEX, UK.

I should also be pleased to receive offprints, review copies and other bibliographical information at this address. Further informa­tion for contributors and a style sheet are also available upon request. We can now accept copy from contributors in disk form, provided it is

XIX

xx Editor's Note

supplied on 3.5-inch disks. We prefer disk-stored material to be presented in Nota Bene 3.1 or later, although we can also accept copy in Microsoft Word 5 and WordPerfect 5.1. It is essential to send with the disk three copies on paper, and we advise that you send submis­sions in two separate parcels.

As this volume was being deposited with the publishers we learned with sadness of the death of the poet and Yeats scholar Thomas P. Parkinson (1920-92), of Berkeley. We hope to provide an obituary in our next issue.

WARWICK GOULD

Acknowledgements

Our chief debt of gratitude is to Miss Anne Yeats and Mr Michael B. Yeats for granting permission (through A. P. Watt Ltd) to use pub­lished and unpublished materials by W. B. Yeats in this volume. Unpublished materials are copyright Michael B. Yeats and Anne Yeats. Many of our contributors are further indebted to Michael Yeats and Anne Yeats for making unpublished materials available for study and for many other kindnesses, as is the Editor.

Other unpublished materials have been made available to us through the kindness of Colin Smythe Ltd, on behalf of Catherine Kennedy and Anne de Winton, for permission to use unpublished materials by Lady Gregory, and on behalf of Mrs Diarmuid Russell, to usc materials from the unpublished work of George William Russell. A number of helpful librarians, including Catherine Fahy of the National Library of Ireland, the late Dr Lola L. Szladits of the Henry W. and Albert A. Berg Collection, New York Public Library (Astor, Lenox and Tilden Foundations), Dr Cathy Henderson and Professor Thomas F. Staley at the Harry Ransom Humanities Research Center, provided us with materials and research assistance. The British Library, the University of London Library, and Mr David Ward of the library of Royal Holloway and Bedford New College, University of London, have also been invaluable. Many other helpful scholars and librarians have been thanked within the compass of individual con­tributions to this volume.

Images reproduced in this volume have been provided through the generosity of the British Library, the Harry Ransom Humanities Research Center, Texas, the Kenneth Spencer Research Library, University of Kansas, Maire Mhie Aogain, Grainne Yeats, Brighid and Cian 6 hEigeartaigh, T. Affleck Greeves and the Bedford Park Society. Mr Roy Davies of Royal Holloway and Bedford New College, University of London provided great assistance in preparing images for press. We continue to be grateful to Miss Riette Sturge Moore and the Trustees of the Sturge Moore Estate for permission to use on the

xxi

xxii Acknowledgements

front board a symbol adapted from Thomas Sturge Moore's designs for the H. P. R. Finberg translation of Axel (1925).

Linda Shaughnessy of A. P. Watt and Son, Professor Roy Foster, FBA of Oxford University, and Dr John Kelly of St John's College, Oxford, on behalf of Oxford University Press were generous with permissions. At the Macmillan Press Ltd Margaret Cannon and Tim Farmiloe were particularly helpful during the preparation of this volume. Members of the Advisory Board read a very large number of submissions for this number and we are grateful to them, and also to Professor Martin Dodsworth, Professor Roy Foster, FBA, Mr R. A. Gilbert, Professor George Mills Harper, Mr Roger Nyle Parisious, Dr Catherine Phillips and Dr Omar Pound, as well as to Joyce Bianconi, Pat Bunch and Valerie Murr.

Deirdre Toomey as Research Editor took up the challenges which had defeated contributors and thus found innumerable ways to make this a better book. All contributors have reason to be very grateful to her.

WARWICK GOULD