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Year Book 2004: Progress of Marine Engineering Technology in the Year 2003

3. Energy System3.1. Steam Turbine3.1.1 Main turbineKawasaki Heavy Industries completed at its factory 10 main turbine sets for Koreanshipbuilders (8 for Daewoo and 2 for Samsung), 2 sets for Spain's IZAR Shipbuilding and 2 setsfor itself. Mitsubishi Heavy industries completed at its factory 2 sets for Mitsui Engineering &Shipbuilding and 2 sets for itself. Kawasaki Heavy Industries has orders for 7 sets (2 for SouthKorea and 5 for domestic use), 3 sets are on order at Mitsubishi Heavy Industries for Korea, andthere is still active demand for main propulsion turbines of LNG carriers, which are stronglyneeded around the world for transportation of clean energy. Further, there are inquiries abouthigher-output turbines of more than 40,000 PS, corresponding to a trend toward larger LNGcarriers (200,000 m3 class). Main engines other than steam turbines are applied overseas, andattention should be paid to this trend together with that toward higher output steam turbines.3.1.2 Auxiliary turbineDomestic production of generator turbines in 2003 was as follows: Mitsubishi Heavy Industriesproduced 21 sets (17 sets for LNG carriers) and Shinko produced 21 sets (14 sets for LNGcarriers). Production by Shinko includes generator turbines for FPSO (9,000 kW x 3 sets).

Shinko also produced 293 turbine sets for cargo and ballast pumps and 8 sets of turbines forfeed water pumps. Demand for generator turbines for LNG carriers is expected, as in the case ofmain turbines. Future demand for turbines for cargo and ballast pumps is also expected for oiltankers constructed in Japan, South Korea, and China.[Yasunori Tashima]

3.2. Gas turbineMarine gas turbines recently increased in number on commercial ships in addition to navalships because of the advantages of high power/weight ratio, low vibration, good operability andmaintenability, low NOx, etc.In the field of naval ships, two Takanami class DD ships planned in 1998 (improved type ofMurasame class DD ships planned in 1993 with COGAG (COmbined Gas turbine And Gasturbine) consisting of two LM2500 gas turbines by GE, U.S.A. (16,500 PS, manufactured by

Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Co., Ltd.) and two Spey SM1C gas turbines of RR, UK(13,500 PS, manufactured by Kawasaki Heavy Industries) combined into two shafts, went intoservice, and two missile vessels planned in 2001 with three GE LM500 type gas turbines wentinto service in 2003. The 14DDG ship in planned in 2002 with a COGAG system consisting offour sets of LM2500 gas turbines was contracted in 2003. A plan for building helicopter carrying16DDH ship (FY 2004 planned) with a COGAG system of four engines and two shafts is inprogress.Gas turbines for propulsion purposes in naval ships exceeded 200 sets at the end of 2002,including those under construction and those planned.Mainstream gas turbine generator sets (GTA) in naval ships are M1A GTA (1,000 to 2,400 kW)1Translated from Journal of the JIME Vol.39, No.78 (Original Japanese)

Year Book 2004: Progress of Marine Engineering Technology in the Year 2003developed by Kawasaki Heavy Industries with its own technology and RR 501-K34 GTA (2,500kW, manufactured by Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries). Ninety sets of M1A GTA areinstalled in JMSDF (Japan Maritime Self Defense Force) ships, and three sets of M1A-25 GTA(1,500 kW) are installed in each of two DD ships going into service in 2003. Three sets of 501-K34 GTA are installed in each of four Kongo class DDG ships, and 12 sets in total are inoperation and another three sets are planned to be installed in a DDG ship planned in 2002.In the field of commercial ships, large passenger ships the Coral Princess and the IslandPrincess (built at Fin Cantieri, France) each had one set of LM2500+ GTA (25 MW)installed,

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and their sister ships the Diamond Princess and the Sapphire Princess are being built atMitsubishi Heavy Industries (to be delivered in 2004), are going into service.

A super high-speed cargo and passenger ship TSL (Techno Super Liner, being built at MitsuiEngineering & Shipbuilding) that has LM2500PZ gas turbines (34,000 PS x 2 sets,manufactured by Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries) for a water jet propulsion system, isunder contract. A new gas turbine technology, the regenerative cycle gas turbine Super Marine

Gas Turbine (SMGT) has been under development with the collaboration of domestic gasturbine manufacturers since 1997. The research and development phase was finished at thebeginning of 2003, and an endurance test is in process.Overseas, new large gas turbines are coming into the marine market. The LM6000 gas turbineby GE (44,000 kW class), which had been used for electric generators on land, was introduced atthe Navy League Show, and the MT30 gas turbine newly developed by RR, UK, obtained typeapproval by DNV (Det Norske Veritas) and is continuing the test for type approval by ABS (the

American Bureau of Shipping).[Hitoshi Nishiue]

3.3. TurbochargerKawasaki Heavy Industries produced 23 sets of turbochargers in 2003 under license of MAN-B&W Diesel AG in Germany. All turbochargers were installed on large marine use engines with

cylinder bores of more than 460 mm of the company. Details were: 9 sets of NA48/S type and 14sets of NA57/T9 type. TCA77 type turbochargers developed by MAN-B&W with high pressure-ratio and high efficiency were first installed on 3 sets of 6S60MC-C engines. This TCA typeturbocharger will be manufactured by the company in the near future.Turbo Systems United sold 2,410 sets of turbochargers made by Ishikawajima Harima HeavyIndustries and ABB Turbo Systems Ltd. in Switzerland. Details were: 1,892 sets of radial-typeturbocharger of RU/RH/AH14, 166 sets of TPS type, 211 sets of axial-type VTR/VTC, and 141sets of TPL type. Especially large numbers of new types TPL and TPS in ABB reaching 3,461sets and 9,797 sets, respectively, by December 2003. TPL85-B and TPL73-B type have beenmanufactured in Japan since 2003. A new type radial turbocharger, AT14, was sold from 2002onward for auxiliary engines; accumulated sales reached 95 sets and a further increase in salesis expected in the future.

Niigata Power Systems produced 130 sets of MAN type turbochargers under license from MAN-B&W Diesel AG, and 15 sets of a conventional type. The company also installed 2 sets ofNR24/S type turbochargers in a highly pressurized 28HLX type engine.Mitsui Engineering & Shipbuilding produced a total of 76 sets of NA48, NA57, and NA70 types,and one set of the new type TCA77 in 2003 under license from MAN-B&W Diesel AG inGermany. As the licensor developed next generation highly pressurized and highly efficientTCA type turbochargers, the company began production of three sizes (TCA66, TCA77, andTCA88 turbochargers) as successors of the NA types. First of the TCA type turbochargers wasthe TCA88, a complete set of which was2Translated from Journal of the JIME Vol.39, No.78 (Original Japanese)

Year Book 2004: Progress of Marine Engineering Technology in the Year 2003

purchased from MAN-B&W AG and installed on a 6S70MC engine. The second TCA77 was thefirst produced by the company; this was completed in December 2003 and installed on a7S60MC engine. A TCA66 type is in manufacturing and will be completed in May 2004.Mitsubishi Heavy Industries produced 504 sets of MET type turbochargers in 2003. HyundaiHeavy Industries, a licensee of Mitsubishi, produced 41 sets of MET type turbochargers. Thetotal reached 545 sets, the largest number in past annual production. The number of sets oflarge turbochargers of MET83SE and SEII types amounted to 20% of the total sets, and thatmeans demand for turbochargers for large container ships was strong and that trend will becontinued.

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[Hideo Sato]3.4. Boiler3.4.1 GeneralProduction of marine boilers had a decreasing trend in recent years, but together with anincrease of LNG carriers and VLCCs, the number of larger capacity boilers increased, andproduction weight increased in 2002. Because of increased orders of bulk carriers, however,

production weight is expected to go down.3.4.2 Production quantityTotal production of marine boilers in the 15 years since 1988 is summarized from Statistics of

marine industrial products by the Ministry of Land and Transport, and is shown in Figures 3.1

and 3.2.Figure 3.1 shows the production quantity of each type of boiler, in that total number of marine

boilers (main boiler and auxiliary boiler) in 2002 is not different from that in 2001, but a drop in

the number of exhaust gas economizers and other boilers has been conspicuous since 1997.

Figure 3.2 shows changes of production weight; the increase of production of main boilers in

2002 is conspicuous. Production of other boilers is, as a whole, in the same range, although a

little different in each year.