YEAR 8 HISTORY

Medieval Europe Term 3

OVER 2 LESSONS WE WILL LEARN:

Using the new interface on the library catalogue via eScholar

Discuss the Information Seeking Process

Using keywords

Background reading options

Boolean Searching & the Library Catalogue

Choosing relevant sources

Recognising and using primary and secondary sources

Note-taking tips

Reference Lists

THE INFORMATION SEEKING PROCESS

TASK QUESTION

Choose one of the following questions: How did castles change in medieval Europe from the 8th century to the 13th

century?

(Consider two of the following elements - architecture, design, materials, purpose)

How did military and defence systems change in medieval Europe from the 8th

century to the 13th century?

(Consider two of the following elements - armour, weaponry, siege tactics, archery, knights)

How did towns, cities, trade and commerce change in medieval Europe from the 8th century to the 12th century?

(Consider two of the following elements - feudalism, jobs, trade, goods, marketplaces)

NEW CATALOGUE INTERFACE – BROAD

SEARCH

USING THE CATALOGUE

Search by keyword – subject, title, series

Look at the suggestions

FIND MORE DETAILS

Click

MORE NARROW RESULTS

REVISION - CHOOSING SOURCES:IS THE SOURCE PRIMARY OR SECONDARY?

Primary and secondary sources provide different perspectives and interpretations on information.

It is important to use both primary and secondary sources as evidence in your arguments.

REVISION - WHAT IS A PRIMARY SOURCE?

Provides first hand ‘you are there’ information.

For example: letters, newspapers, artifacts

Darlington, R. (2012). [image]. History alive for the Australian Curriculum. Brisbane: John Wiley & Sons.

REVISION - WHAT IS A SECONDARY SOURCE?

Provides second hand information. They are written after an event and provide an overview or interpretation.

For example: documentaries, encyclopedias, textbooks, articles

Gies, J. & F. (2010). Life in a medieval castle. Australia: Harper Collins

CHOOSING SOURCES:IS THE SOURCE RELEVANT?

Does the source contain information RELEVANT to the focus questions?

Can I find the keywords in the text?

• Title

• Contents page

• Index

• Skim over headings/sub-headings in key chapters

• Scan sections for key words

• Use key words in your catalogue (Oliver) search

KEYWORDS ARE FOUND IN THE QUESTION & USED IN RESEARCH

How did castles change in medieval Europe from the 8th century to the 13th century?

(Consider two of the following elements - architecture, design, materials, purpose)

How did military and defence systems change in medieval Europe from the 8th century to the 13th century?

(Consider two of the following elements - armour, weaponry, siege tactics, archery, knights)

How did towns, cities, trade and commerce change in medieval Europe from the 8th century to the 12th century?

(Consider two of the following elements - feudalism, jobs, trade, goods, marketplaces)

ASK: WHAT ARE THE KEYWORDS IN THE GENERAL FOCUS QUESTION BELOW?

What do primary and secondary sources reveal about change on my topic of Castles or defence systems or towns/cities?

What two elements changed over time? (Look at the task sheet –remember to also consider what motivated these changes)

primary sources – check that source is first hand

secondary sources – check that source is an overview or interpretation

change

elements – aspects or things

Your topic eg. Castle

BROAD BACKGROUND RESEARCH

Generator on eScholar page under APA Reference Tab

NOTE-TAKING TIPS

Highlight or underline significant words

Use keywords as headings

Use bullet points - key points in a nutshell or a brief summary

Use abbreviations

Omit irrelevant information

For images – describe briefly what you see

Do not copy and paste

Do not write full sentences

LESSON 2THE INFORMATION SEEKING

PROCESS

LESSON TWO: WHAT ARE THE KEYWORDS IN SPECIFIC FOCUS QUESTIONS BELOW?

How did castles change in medieval Europe from the 8th

century to the 13th century? Define castle – manor, landholding, fortified structure built

Early Middle Ages – check time frame Define development/change – new ideas, new activities, new methods, new inventions, new designs, new behaviours, new values, new beliefs

• Later – check time periodDid castles change and if so, how and why?

BOOLEAN SEARCH – USING KEYWORDS

To create the most effective and efficient searches, utilize the search strategies. To retrieve the most relevant search results, you will need to construct a search string.

A search string is a combination of keywords, truncation symbols, and booleanoperators you enter into the search box of a library database or search engine.

Boolean operators are connector words, such as AND, OR, and NOT, that are used to combine or exclude words in a search string for more focused results.

Medieval castles AND Change

Medieval Europe AND Castles

Medieval AND warfare

Medieval AND weaponry

Medieval AND siege warfare AND change

Medieval AND "military tactics"

USING DATABASES & BOOLEAN SEARCHING – OLIVER CATALOGUE

Go to Search Other Sources – tick the applicable databases/webpages

PRIMARY SOURCE EXAMPLE

A medieval artist’s impression of life on a feudal manor in early medieval period

Saldais, M. et al. (2012). Oxford Big Ideas History 8 Australian Curriculum Student Book. Melbourne: Oxford University Press

YOUR TURN

In bullet point notes, briefly describe what you see in the previous primary source using the specific focus question:

What were communities like in the early middle ages?

• Lord oversees the peasants

• Peasants depend on lord

• Low density population

• Agricultural commerce

• Central manor house in rural area

SECONDARY SOURCE EXAMPLE

An historian’s interpretation of the development of towns and cities

Saldais, M. et al. (2012). Oxford Big Ideas History 8 Australian Curriculum Student Book. Melbourne: Oxford University Press

YOUR TURN

In bullet point notes, respond to the previous secondary source using the specific focus question:

What development later occurred in towns and cities?

• Towns began to emerge

• Threat of barbarian raids decreased

• Towns grew to cities

• Peasants became artisans

• Artisans organised guilds

• Townspeople increased independence

• Growth of trade and commerce

Planning & writing

– use your research

booklet guide

REFERENCE LIST

The APA 6th Style manual specifies the following for the reference list.

The word References should appear in upper and lower case and be centered at the top of the page

References are listed in alphabetical order according to author’s surname.

EXAMPLE OF A REFERENCE LIST

References

Australian Bureau of Statistics. (2008). Childhood education and care (No. 4402.0). Retrieved from http://www.abs.gov.au

Beckett, S. T. (2008). The science of chocolate (2nd ed.). Cambridge, United Kingdom: Royal Society of Chemistry.

Branch, S., Ramsay, S., & Barker, M. (2008). The bullied boss: A conceptual exploration of upwards bullying. In A. Glendon, B. M. Thompson & B. Myors (Eds.), Advances in organisationalpsychology (pp. 93-112). Retrieved from http://www.informit.com.au/humanities.html

Cioe, J. (2012). The normal distribution [Lecture notes]. Retrieved from http://moodle.vle.monash.edu.au