Year 8

Autumn Term

Knowledge Organisers

Student Name: Tutor Group:

Subject: Art Topic: World events

– in the news

Dates: Autumn

Term, Year 8

Additional Information:

N/A

Additional information can be found video the following websites and videos; Expressionism: https://www.tate.org.uk/art/art-terms/e/expressionism Wassily Kandinsky: https://www.tate.org.uk/art/artists/wassily-kandinsky-1382 Sonia Delaunay: https://www.tate.org.uk/whats-on/tate-modern/exhibition/ey-exhibition-sonia-delaunay/delaunay-introduction Orphism: https://www.tate.org.uk/art/art-terms/o/orphism

Essential Vocabulary

Composition The placement or arrangement of visual elements in a piece of artwork.

Weaving Weaving is a method that combines two sets of materials (paper, threads, fabrics, plastic etc) that are interlaced to form a patterned sheet.

Current events

Important events that are happening in the world that can be tracked in the news.

Pattern A structure that organises surfaces in an organised manner.

Colour psychology

The study of colours in reaction to human behaviour, How a colour makes you feel or changes your feelings or reactions to something.

Texture

The perceived surface quality of a work of art.

Narrative A movement which flourished in 1950’s. Based on modern popular culture.

Collage It came from a French word ‘to glue.’ The assembling of different forms, for example assemblage (a collection or gathering of things) of paper.

Social arts

· - People who use creative skills to and work with

people or organisations in their community to try and force a change in society.

· - Artists use their views on the work to influence their

work to explain their ideas to others through a visual format.

· - Social art can take on any art form from painting,

drawing, sculpture and collages. · - Arts can be used as a form of protest to inspire

others to make change.

Hannah Hoch - German, Photo montage artist · - Collaged photographs together; often the images

were unrelated. · - Often added popular images into her work. · - Part of a movement in art called ‘Dada.’ · - The Dada movement started after WW1 – it mocked

society’s attitudes. It made art that was not pleasing to the eye.

Ai Weiwei – Chinese, Conceptual artist · - His artwork highlights human right violations on a large

scale. - - Has been arrested in Hong Kong for mocking the local

government with his art.

Myriam Dion – Canadian mixed media artist · - Her work is inspired by and looks at world current

events. - Collages and waves newspapers to create a tapestry image. - Images are beautiful but have a deeper meaning when the work is analysed in more detail. - Tries to question society and how quickly news changes and is forgotten.

Myriam Dion

Hannah Hoch

Ai Wei Wei

Subject: Computing Topic: 8.1 Introduction to

Python

Dates: Autumn 1

Python Key Syntax:

FOR LOOP (Count Controlled)

To Draw a Square

WHILE LOOP (Condition Controlled)

To Draw a Spiral

Essential Vocabulary

Algorithm A sequence of step by step instructions to solve a problem or carry out a task.

Arithmetic Operator

+, -, /, *, ^. Used in mathematical expressions e.g. num1 + num2 = sum.

Constant A value that cannot be altered by the program during normal execution, i.e., the value is constant.

Decision Decisions lead to different paths through the program. These paths represent the result of making a choice.

For Loop Instruction to repeat a process a set number of times.

IDE

Integrated Development Environment: A software application that provides comprehensive facilities to computer programmers for software development. An IDE normally consists of a source code editor, build automation tools & a debugger.

If Statement True or False question used to make decisions.

Inefficiency Doing something in a manner which wastes effort.

Iteration Repetition of a process or part of a program.

Operator special symbols in Python that carry out arithmetic or logical computation.

Selection

One of the 3 basic programming constructs. Instructions which can evaluate a Boolean expression & then branch the code to one or more alternatives paths is branching / selection.

Sequence One of the 3 basic programming constructs. Instructions happening one after the other in order is sequence.

Syntax The rules of programming language.

Variable A value that can change, depending on conditions or on information passed to the program.

Variable Data assigned to a named object that can be changed during the program

Additional information can be found video the following websites and videos;

Teach Yourself Python: https://www.teachyourselfpython.com/

Python Language Main Site: https://www.python.org/

Variables etc: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AaLk_fEVCIY&list=PLCiOXwirraUAvkTPDWeeSqAKty3LAG37-

&index=46

3 Main Programming Constructs: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TuysZSLqh4M&t=13s

Subject: Drama Unit:

Devising

Darkwood Manor

Dates:

Autumn 1

Additional Information:

N/A

PHYSICAL SKILLS

VOCAL SKILLS

Essential Vocabulary and Key Skills

Suspension of

disbelief

A decision an actor or audience member makes to put aside their disbelief and accept the

premise as being real for the duration of the story for the sake of the acting or enjoyment.

Devising A rehearsal and performance method where the script or movement starts with the actors

ideas rather than from a script.

Improvisation The activity of making or doing something not planned beforehand.

Dramatic tension

A collection of sounds created by the actors themselves. A soundscape is used to create the

atmosphere of a scene through sound.

Mood and

atmosphere

The tone or feeling of a play or scene, often implied by the acting, the music, the setting, or

the lighting.

Climax The point of greatest intensity in a series or progression of events in a play or scene.

Environment

Either physically creating an environment for an audience or reacting to an environment in a

way that makes that environment clear to an audience.

Physical Theatre

A genre of drama where an actor uses their body to create atmosphere, mood or objects.

Levels Using different heights or levels onstage to create visual interest.

Communicating

ideas in rehearsal

Learning to communicate to share ideas in rehearsal.

A stimulus is anything that can give you ideas for your own performance:

Visual – Photograph, painting, artefact, video clip or sculpture.

Printed or spoken word – Poem, news article, story, script or novel.

Musical – Song, melody or instrumental piece.

Fact-based – Current, political or historical event.

Theme or issue-based – Conflict, relationships, justice or freedom.

Myths – Folklore or urban myth

Cultural – Traditions or festivals.

Movement

Communicating your character through the way you move.

Posture

Adapting your body to show your character.

Gesture

Using hand movements to aid your acting.

Facial expression

Using your face to show how your character feels.

Eye contact How you glance, stare or ignore the person you are acting with to create meaning.

Volume The level of sound created by your voice.

Accent Vocal choices based on where your character is from.

Pace How fast or slow you speak.

Timing Emphasising words using pauses or faster delivery.

Emotional range Use of pitch (high to low) and tone (emotion) to communicate feelings.

Subject: Drama Unit: Melodrama and

Silent Movies Dates:

Autumn 2

Additional Information:

N/A

VOCAL SKILLS

PHYSICAL SKILLS

Essential Vocabulary and Key Skills

Victorian Melodrama

A style and genre of theatre that originated in England in the Victorian era (1837 –

1901). A sensational dramatic piece with exaggerated characters and exciting events

intended to appeal to the emotions.

Silent Movies A film with no synchronized recorded sound (no dialogue). The silent-film era existed

from the mid 1890s to the late 1920s..

Talking Pictures A motion-picture film with sound effects and dialogue recorded on it. The Jazz Singer

was the film talking motion picture in 1927.

Exaggerated physicality

and emotions

Over the top body language and facial expressions to convey character and meaning.

Slap stick A style of humour involving exaggerated physical activity which is greater than normal

physical comedy.

Audience awareness An awareness in rehearsal and performance of where the audience who are watching

the performance are placed.

Status The importance or class of a character or group of characters compared to that of

another character or group of characters.

Atmospheric music Music that conveys the meaning of a scene in a film.

Placard / intertitle A piece of filmed, printed text edited into the film to convey character dialogue or

description.

Sepia/Black and White The colour of the film picture was either shades of brown / or black and white.

Melodrama characters The Victorian stage melodrama featured six stock characters: the hero, the villain, the

heroine, an aged parent, a sidekick and a servant of the aged parent. engaged in a

sensational plot featuring themes of love and murder.

Melodrama plot Melodrama normally featured the characters engaged in an exaggerated story featuring

themes of status, love and murder.

Volume The level of sound created by your voice.

Accent Vocal choices based on where your character is from.

Pace How fast or slow you speak.

Timing Emphasising words using pauses or faster delivery.

Emotional range Use of pitch (high to low) and tone (emotion) to communicate feelings.

Movement

Communicating your character through the way you move.

Posture

Adapting your body to show your character.

Gesture

Using hand movements to aid your acting.

Facial expression

Using your face to show how your character feels.

Eye contact How you glance, stare or ignore the person you are acting with to create meaning.

Additional information;

Charlie Chaplin, Harold Lloyd, Buster Keaton, Laurel and Hardy

Safety Last! 1923, Modern Times 1936, The General 1926, The Circus 1926

Subject: English Topic: Conflict Poetry Dates: Autumn 1 Additional Information: Year 8 Essential Vocabulary

Classism Prejudice against people belonging to a particular social class.

Discrimination The unjust or prejudicial treatment of different categories of people, especially on the

grounds of race, age, or sex.

Feminism Fighting for woman’s rights because of a belief that the sexes are equal.

Patriotism Displaying a patriotic attitude - having love for your country.

Prejudice Preconceived negative opinion that is not based on reason or actual experience and

causes you to discriminate.

Racism Prejudice or discrimination directed against someone of a different race based on the

belief that one's own race is superior.

Stereotype A widely held and often over simplified view of a group in society.

Terrorism The unlawful use of violence and intimidation, especially against normal civilian people

because of political ideas.

Essential Vocabulary: Language

Hyperbole Extreme exaggeration used to emphasise a feeling or idea.

Imagery

Language used by a poet to create visually descriptive phrases that create vivid images in the mind of

the reader.

Metaphor Compares one thing directly to another.

Onomatopoeia Using words that imitate the sound they denote.

Pathetic Fallacy Using colours, light or the weather to reflect a particular mood in a text.

Personification Giving an object human characteristics.

Present Participle

Verbs

A doing word or action in the present, usually ending in ‘ing’.

Pronoun A word that takes the place of a noun. Common pronouns are he, she, you, me, I, we, us, this, them,

that.

Repetition The repeated use of the same word or word pattern.

Rhetorical

Questions

Asking a question in a text designed to provoke the reader into considering the answer.

Semantic Field A group of words that are linked by meaning. These often create a theme in a poem.

Simile A figure of speech that compares two things indirectly using the words ‘like’ or ‘as’.

Essential Vocabulary: Poetic Terms

Alternate rhyme

Also known as the ABAB rhyme scheme

(E.g. in a four line poem, the first and third

lines will rhyme with each other and the

second and fourth lines will also rhyme

with each other).

Enjambment When a phrase, a clause, or a sentence in

a line of poetry doesn't finish at the line

break but spills over into the next line.

Free verse A poem that does not have a rhyme

scheme or a regular rhythm.

Rhyme Words that share the same sounds in two

or more lines of poetry (especially final

sounds).

Rhyming couplet

AABB (a pair of lines in a poem that

rhyme with each other and often have the

same rhythm).

Sonnet A poem that has 14 lines and each line has

10 syllables. It has a very specific rhyme

scheme, usually ending in a rhyming

couplet (e.g. abab–cdcd–efef–gg).

Speaker The person speaking in the poem, like the

narrator; it is not always the poet.

Stanza A fixed number of lines of verse; a

paragraph in a poem

Tone The poet’s feelings or attitude in a poem

Essential Vocabulary: Persuasive Devices

Alliteration The occurrence of the same letter or sound

at the beginning of adjacent or closely

connected words.

Direct Address

Using names or pronouns to clearly address

the reader.

Emotive

Language

Deliberately select words to influence your

reader into having an emotional response or

reaction.

Hyperbole

Extreme exaggeration used to emphasise a

feeling or idea.

Language Feature

The specific linguistic choices a writer has

made e.g. a Metaphor

List of three Using a trio of ideas in a list

Metaphor Compares one thing directly to another.

Opinions

presented as facts

Saying something with conviction as if there is

no doubt about its legitimacy.

Pronoun A word that takes the place of a noun.

Common pronouns are he, she, you, me, I,

we, us, this, them, that.

Repetition The repeated use of the same word or word

pattern.

Simile A figure of speech that compares two things

indirectly using the words ‘like’ or ‘as’.

Statistics Using numerical evidence to support your

claims

Superlative A word which suggest the highest quality of

degree e.g. largest/ greatest

Subject: English Topic: Blood Brothers Dates: Autumn 2 Additional Information:

Year 8

Essential Vocabulary: Dramatic Terms

Act Part of a play. A tragedy has five acts. Each act in a play is made up of

individual scenes.

Aside When a character’s says something to the audience which is not heard

by the other characters on stage.

Audience The people who watch the performance or who the play is aimed at.

Dramatic irony The audience knows something that is going on in a situation but the

characters are unaware of what is happening.

Foreshadowing Hints about what is to come later in the text.

Narrator The character in a play who communicates directly with the audience

to help to tell them the story.

Prologue An introduction section. In a tragedy it tells us the ending.

Scene A small section or portion of a play.

Script The written dialogue, description, and directions provided by the

playwright.

Stage directions Instructions in the script that tell the actors what to do and where to

move on stage. It can also provide information about the setting.

Tragedy Is a genre of literature where the main character faces terrible events.

Characters

Mrs Lyons

Mrs Johnstone

Edward

Mickey

Linda

Sammy

Mr Johnstone

Key Themes

Betrayal

Education

Fate

Love

Poverty

Nature vs Nurture

Superstition

Youth

Key context

Council

Housing

Council houses are owned by the Council and available to low-income families at a low rent; they were the

homes of many working class people in the 1950s and 1960s. Older Council house were terraced houses

which were cramped and lacked inside toilets and bathrooms. They did not have central heating and were

heated mostly by coal fires. Their inner city locations were often dirty and there was nowhere for children to

play as they rarely had gardens. Newer Council houses were built on the outskirts of towns to provide better

living conditions.

Hire Purchase The only way the poor could obtain consumer goods was through hire purchase agreements. In post war

Britain Hire Purchase was booming; customers chose products from a catalogue and paid for them in weekly

instalments, usually paying far more than the actual price of the item.

Marilyn

Monroe

The actress and film star embodied the idea of glamour but died of a drug overdose in 1963. The references to

the romance and glamour of Hollywood and the reality behind it, create a comparison between Mrs

Johnstone’s romanticised hopes of a Hollywood ending and the reality that she must face.

Skelmersdale Skelmersdale was a new town and many working-class Liverpool residents were rehoused there in the 1960s.

Middle-class families also lived in Skelmersdale, in houses they owned themselves.

Social class

and inequality

During the 1980s there was a very high rate of unemployment, particularly in industrial working-class areas,

such as Liverpool. Unemployment would have made many people feel insignificant and turn to crime. The

difference between the lifestyle of a working-class family and a middle-class family was even more notable due

to the unemployment rates and the increased crime rates.

Thatcher Margaret Thatcher was Prime Minister during the 1980s. Under her leadership, the Conservative party

reduced the power of the trade unions in the hope of making British industry more competitive. This affected

cities that relied on their manufacturing industries, including Liverpool, where the play is set. This resulted in a

huge rise of unemployment, which led to a significant impact on the lives of people who lived there.

Trade Union

Before the Thatcher Government, the unions were more powerful and would go on strike if an employer tried

to make any of their members redundant. A Trade Union protects the rights of the workers who belong to it.

Essential Vocabulary: Persuasive Devices

Direct Address Using names or pronouns to clearly address the reader.

Emotive Language Deliberately select words to influence your reader into having an

emotional response or reaction.

Hyperbole

Extreme exaggeration used to emphasise a feeling or idea.

List of three Using a trio of ideas in a list

Repetition The repeated use of the same word or word pattern.

Statistics Using numerical evidence to support your claims

Essential Vocabulary: Social Class

Middle class

Individuals engaged in non-manual work, often having higher levels of

educational achievement.

Upper class The richest people in society whose wealth is inherited and based on

landowning. They usually own and control a disproportionate amount

of the country’s wealth.

Working Class

Individuals engaged in manual work, often having lower levels of

educational achievement.

Subject: FOOD Topic: Eating well Year 8 Rotation

Macro-nutrients - we need these in larger amounts Why do we need them (Function) Where do we get them (Sources)

Protein Growth and repair of all body cells Meats, eggs, tofu, nuts, pulses, vegetarian alternatives eg. Quorn

Fat Energy, insulation

Oils, spreads, butter, cream.

Carbohydrates

Starches

Sugars

Energy and NSP/dietary fibre Cereals, bread, pasta, rice, potatoes. Wholegrain versions are higher in dietary fibre. Sugar, sweets, cakes, biscuits.

Micro-nutrients – we need very small amounts of these Vitamins Vitamins A, B, C, D

Eat a wide range of different foods

Minerals Iron Calcium

Red meat, dark green vegetables. Milk, cheese, tofu.

Some people have to be very careful about what they eat…

Some people choose to get the nutrients from specific sources due to their ethical and/or religious views…

Raising agents in action Gas bubbles trapped in a mixture expand with heat. The mixture sets around them making a spongy risen texture.

Gelatinisation: Starch +liquid + heat = thickening. At 60c the starch swells, at 80c it bursts and thickens the liquid. Once the liquid boils the sauce is as thick as it is going to be.

Extra information from NHS direct which has an excellent section on foods and health.

https://www.nhs.uk/live-well/eat-well/

Essential Vocabulary

Nutrients The chemicals in food that our body needs to stay healthy.

Allergy When something provokes an immune system reaction.

Intolerance When you have difficulty digesting something.

Ethics The moral beliefs that affect the choices you make.

Subject: French Topic: Media Dates: Autumn

term

Additional Information: n/a

Additional information can be found at;

Vocabulary https://decks.memrise.com/course/1591340/priorymfl-year-8-french/ (Relevant levels: 1-7)

Essential Vocabulary

Noun An object, place or person

Adjective A word to describe a noun

Verb An action, state or occurrence

Infinitive The basic form of a verb (to…)

Conjugation Changing the infinitive according

to subject (I, you, he/she, we,…)

Irregular

verb

A verb that does not follow the

normal conjugation pattern.

Subject: French Topic: Paris Dates: Autumn

term

Additional Information: n/a

Additional information can be found at;

Vocabulary https://decks.memrise.com/course/1591340/priorymfl-year-8-french/ (Relevant levels: 8-15)

Essential Vocabulary

Infinitive The basic form of a verb (to…)

Past

participle

Verb form used in forming the

past tense (-ed in English)

Irregular past

participle

Does not follow the pattern used

to create a past participle

Perfect tense Past tense, indicating a completed

or ‘perfected’ action or condition

Subject: Geography Topic: Fieldwork Dates: Autumn 1 Year 8

Additional Information:

Geographical Fieldwork: Practical work

conducted by a researcher in the natural

environment.

Sampling Technique Positives Negatives

Random Sampling - Can be used with large sample populations - Avoids bias

- Can lead to poor representation - There may be practical constraints in terms of time

Systematic Sampling

- A good coverage of the study area - It is more straight-forward than random sampling

- It is more biased - It may therefore lead to over or under representation

Stratified Sampling

- It can generate results which are very representative of the whole population - Correlations and comparisons can be made between sub-groups

- The size of the sub-groups must be known accurately if it is to work properly - Depending on the time of day certain groups of people may not be present

Data Manipulation:

- 'Percent' means 'out of 100'. If 90

per cent of the population owns a mobile

phone, this means 90 out of every 100

people have one. The symbol '%' means per

cent

- The range is the difference between

the highest and lowest numbers

- The mean is the most common

measure of average. If you ask someone to

find the average, this is the method they are

likely to use

Additional information can be found at; www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p03qqqlk

Essential Vocabulary

Hypothesis The statement you need to prove correct or incorrect

Methodology How you’re going to prove the statement correct or incorrect

Data Collection

Going to collect the information you need to prove statement correct or incorrect

Data Presentation

Showing the data you collected in graphs or tables

Analysis Describe and explain what your data is showing you

Conclusion Use all your evidence to say if the hypothesis is correct or incorrect

Evaluation How would you improve your fieldwork

Data can either be:

Primary - information that you collect yourself, eg tallies,

measurements and photographs

Secondary - information that someone else has previously

collected and made available, eg on the internet

Quantitative data usually consists of factual information

that can be counted and used in fieldwork.

Qualitative data is more opinion-based, but is still useful

for geographical investigations

Subject: Geography Topic: Development Dates: Autumn 2, Year 8

Additional Information: N/A

Essential Vocabulary

Development Means people reaching an acceptable standard of living or quality of life

Demographic Transition Model (DTM)

A model shows changes over time in the population of a country

Population Pyramid

A type of a graph which shows the percentage, or number, of males and females in each group

GDP (Gross Domestic Product)

The total value of goods and services produced by a country in a year

GNP (Gross National Product)

Measures the total economic output of a country, including earnings from foreign investments

Gross National Income (GNI) per capita

Gross national income per person. The value of a country's income, divided by the number of people in that country

Life expectancy

The average number of years a person is expected to live in a particular place

Human development Index (HDI)

A composite indicator that made up which is made up of a number of three elements (GNI per capita, life expectancy and education) to measure development

Inequality The difference in circumstances (the lack of equality)

Infant mortality rate

The number of children who die before the age of one

Literacy rate Percentage of people who can read and write

Additional information can be found video the following websites and videos; Dollar Street: www.gapminder.org/dollar-street , Gapminder: www.gapminder.org/tools World Bank: http://databank.worldbank.org/data/ , CIA : https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/index.html , http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-41730606 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HEB4tvIRTXo

Causes & consequences of uneven development

Physical, economic and historical causes of

uneven development with examples: e.g. Extreme

weather and unlocked countries in Africa as

physical cause, world trade is dominated by

wealthier countries as economic cause,

colonialism as historical cause

Inequalities of wealth & health and international

migration as a consequences of uneven

development

Helping in reducing the development gap

Investment in industry and tourism: for example

hotels creates jobs for local people

International aid: developed countries and NGOs

help LIC or NEE countries by donating money to

the LICs

Fair trade: is about obtaining better prices, working

conditions and fair term for trade for farmers and

workers in LICs

Debt relief: means help LICs and NEE countries to

reduce the debt that they borrowed from the world

bank to improve their life standards

The Demographic Transition Model (DTM)

DTM to show changes of population of a country

over the time

The link between DTM and level of development in

a country

Changing population structures (population

pyramids) and link this to different stages of DTM

Case study: Nigeria

Nigeria is in Africa on the coast and neighbours

Benin, Niger, Chad and Cameroon

Nigeria’s global importance – 2014 Nigeria was

the worlds 21st largest economy, politically Nigeria

has a significant roll. Nigeria is a newly emerging

economy

International aid – Development projects,

education, healthcare

Nigeria has environmental issues because of

urban growth, industrial growth, commercial

farming and deforestation, Mining and oil

extraction

Measuring development

Economic and social indicators of development:

such as Gross National Income (GNI) per capita,

GDP, GNP as economic indicators and life

expectancy, infant mortality, death rate and literacy

rate

Limitations of economic and social measures

Subject: German Topic: Shopping and

Food

Dates: Autumn

Term

Additional Information: n/a

Additional information can be found at;

Vocabulary https://decks.memrise.com/course/1568147/priorymfl-8-german/ (Relevant levels: 5-10)

Essential Vocabulary

Article ‘The’ (definite) – ‘A/An’ (indefinite)

Preposition A word defining the location of

something/someone

Accusative

case

Used for the direct object of a

sentence (person / thing)

Dative case Used for the indirect object of a

sentence (person / thing)

Perfect

tense

Past tense, indicating a completed

or ‘perfected’ action or condition

Past

Participle

Verb form used in forming the

past/passive tenses (-ed in English)

Subject: History Topic: Industrial

Revolution One

Dates: Spring

Year 8

Additional Information:

Essential Vocabulary

Industrial

Revolution

1750 – 1900 A time of rapid change

in technology and productivity

Public

Health

Protecting the safety and improving

the health of communities through

education, policy-making and

research for disease and injury

prevention. Cholera An infectious disease that causes

severe watery diarrhoea, which can

lead to dehydration and even death

if untreated. Arkwright Sir Richard Arkwright was an

English inventor and a leading

entrepreneur during the early

Industrial Revolution. Factories Factories grew during The Industrial

Revolution. Inventions with speed

and precision were built throughout

the industrial revolution, which led

to the rise of the factories. Child

Labour Child labour was a common feature

in industrial societies. Children as

young as four years old were often

employed in the factories and mines

that developed during the time.

Additional information can be found at;

BBC Bitesize: https://www.bbc.com/bitesize/guides/zvmv4wx/revision/9

The growth of towns:

In 1750, only about 15 per cent of the

population lived in towns. By 1900 it was 85

per cent. This meant that there were far more

people around to work in new industries but

also caused problems because many more

people needed food and homes. This meant

that poverty was increasing.

By 1900, London had 4.5 million inhabitants.

The biggest other towns were Glasgow with 760,000 inhabitants and Liverpool with

685,000. Manchester and Birmingham had

more than half a million people each. Much of

the population had moved from the South-East

to the industrialised coalfield areas in the

North and the Midlands.

Inventions and innovations

James Hargreaves' Spinning Jenny (1764) and

later Richard Arkwright's Water Frame (1769),

Samuel Crompton's Mule (1779) were spinning

machines that all improved upon the quality and

quantity of spun yarn.

Large purpose-built factories were a new idea, e.g.

Arkwright's Mill at Cromford, full of machines.

1837 - Samuel Morse invented the telegraph.

1837 - Rowland Hill invented the postage stamp.

1839 - Kirkpatrick Macmillan invented the bicycle.

1843 - Isambard Kingdom Brunel built the Great

Britain steamship (using screw propellers).

1876 - Alexander Graham Bell patented the telephone.

1885 - Karl Benz invented the motor car.

The 1800s was a time of 'Industrial

Revolution'. The main changes were:

by 1914, England had become a great trading

nation with a worldwide empire, which

covered a fifth of the globe

a 260 per cent growth in population

a change from agriculture to industry

a move from domestic industry to factory

work

a move from water and wind power to

steam engines

a revolution in transport and

communications, from canals and pack

horses, to railways and the telegraph

Subject: History Topic: Industrial

Revolution Two

Dates: Autumn

Year 8

Additional Information:

Essential Vocabulary

Industrial Revolution

1750 – 1900 A time of rapid change in technology and productivity.

Assassination To murder (usually prominent person) by sudden or secret attack often for political reasons.

Social Change

Changes that affect the lives of people.

Political Change

Changes that affect the government or how the country is run.

Economic Change

Changes that affect the money of a country.

Locomotive The front part of a train that contains the engine.

Missionary A religious person that goes to a different area to help the population.

Additional information can be found at;

BBC Bitesize: https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/zvmv4wx/revision/1

Postage stamp

In 1840 a man called Rowland Hill invented the

first adhesive stamp which was named the Penny

Black. His invention changed the world. Stamps

changed economics, politics and society in the

UK and the world. New transport links were

created to move the letters around the country

and people were able to stay in touch with friends

and family more easily.

Queen Victoria

Victoria was born at Kensington Palace,

London, on 24 May 1819. She was the only

daughter of Edward, Duke of Kent, and the

fourth son of George III. Queen Victoria is

associated with Britain's great age of industrial

expansion, economic progress and the growth

of the British Empire. At the time of her death,

it was said, Britain had a worldwide empire on

which the ‘sun never set’.

Assassination attempts

Queen Victoria was almost assassinated on

multiple occasions. Some of these assassins

were angry at Queen Victoria or wanted money.

Some assassins’ motivations remain unclear.

Victorian Portsmouth

Portsea Island, and the surrounding areas, have

been used for thousands of years by different

groups of people. In the 18th Century

Portsmouth was limited to the South West

corner of the island but by the 19th Century it

had spread across to all areas. By the 1790s the

Landport area was beginning to be developed

and by 1871, had a population of 100,000. In

1809, new suburbs were being built whoch

would later become known as Southsea.

The Navy still played an important part, with

sailors being convicted of many crimes.

Portsmouth was a dirty and unhealthy city and

some missionaries were sent to ‘save’ the city.

Subject: Maths Topic: Number 2 & Algebra 3 Dates: Autumn

Term

Additional Information:

See Below

Essential Vocabulary

Rounding Making a number simpler but

keeping its value close to what it

was.

Square number the product of a number

multiplied by itself, e.g. 1, 4,

9, 16

Standard form

A way of writing down very large

or very small numbers easily

Cube number A number that is the product

of three numbers which are

the same

Sequence A list of numbers or objects in

a special order.

Term A number in a sequence OR a

‘lump’ of maths, separated by

+ or - symbols

Functions A special relationship where

each input has a single

output.

Linear sequence A number pattern which

changes by the same amount

each time

Quadratic sequence The difference between each

term increases, or decreases,

at a constant rate.

Additional information can be found at;

http://vle.mathswatch.co.uk

Subject: Music Unit: A Trip To The

Movies

Dates: Autumn 1

and Autumn 2

Additional Information:

Exploring the world of

music in film. Essential Vocabulary

Main theme The main piece of music to introduce, and normally associated with the film

Score The entirety of the music across the entire film

O.S.T. Official Soundtrack – often released separately as its own album

Leitmotif A piece of music that specifically reflects a character’s mood, nature and personality

Ostinato A repeated pattern of notes that provides a sense of movement

Drone A long low-pitched note that provides a sense of size, import and drama

Motif A short piece of recognisable music

Idiomatic The way music can successfully reflect time, place and mood in film

‘Mickey-Mousing’ A technique used in cartoon where music closely synchronises and matches the on-

screen action.

Sound Effects An aspect of film sound that is completely separate from the music

Diegetic Sound Sound in a film that both audience and characters can hear

Non-Diegetic Sound Sound in a film that only the audience can hear.

Tonality The mood of the film can be reflected in a major or minor key

Essential Vocabulary

Reggae A style of music originally formed in Jamaica and had a global impact on music

Mento An ‘ingredient’ of Reggae – Jamaican folk music

Ska An ‘ingredient’ of Reggae – faster Jamaican pop music, influenced by US

rhythm’n’blues, picked up in radio signals

Rastafarianism An ‘ingredient’ of Reggae – A Jamaican religion, with roots in slavery and

African ancestry

Maroons Escaped African slaves in Jamaica who formed the Rastafarian religion

Master repeater drumming A form of worship practiced by Rastafarians, involved long sessions of

repetitive drumming, usually led by a master drummer

Sound system Large, often moving speaker systems, in competition to play the loudest and

latest Jamaican music

Two-tone A British explosion of Reggae and Ska, influenced by influx of Carribean

culture due to immigration

Dub Reggae A form of reggae where creative studio effects were used.

Off-beat / syncopation / skanking The rhythmic essence of Reggae, played inbetween the main beats of the bar

One-drop A rhythmic aspect of Reggae, where the first beat of the bar is missed

Bass line The low pitch aspect of Reggae, played by bass guitar and feature of Dub

Reggae

Delay A studio technique used in Dub Reggae to create rich, echoing effects.

Additional information;

All pupils are encouraged to explore Reggae artists such as: Bob Marley, Desmond Dekker, Toots and the Maytals,

The Abyssinians, Prince Far I, King Tubby and Lee ‘Scratch’ Perry, plus British artists such as The Selector,

Madness and The Specials.

Subject: Music Unit: Reggae

Dates: Autumn 2

and Spring 1

Additional Information:

Looking at the global

sensation of this popular

Jamaican music form

Additional information;

All pupils are encouraged to keep their ears open when watching films and TV, and listen out for and share

examples of these key phrases in action.

Subject: PSCRE Topic: Human Rights Dates: Autumn

Term Year 8

Additional Information:

Autumn 1

Essential Vocabulary

Human

Rights Basic rights and freedoms all humans are entitles to. Since WWII these have been written into a large number of international charters.

Equality Treating every person the same – regardless of their age, gender, sexuality, race, nationality, disability.

Civil

Liberties Rights and freedoms that protect and individual citizen from the state. Civil liberties set limits on what a government can do so it cannot abuse its powers or interfere too much in the lives of private citizens.

Additional information can be found at:

https://www.unicef.org.uk/what-we-do/un-convention-child-rights/ https://www.un.org/en/ https://www.amnesty.org.uk/what-is-the-european-convention-on-human-rights

Universal Declaration of Human Rights

(UDHR) (1948)

Set out, for the first time, basic human rights to be universally protected e.g. rights everyone in the world is entitled to and rights that should be protected worldwide. There are 30 ‘articles’ – each states a right every human is entitled to e.g. the right to life, the right to a fair trial, the right to an education etc.

Human Rights Act (1998) - a UK law passed in 1998. It means that you can defend your rights in the UK courts and that public organisations (including the Government, the Police and local councils) must treat everyone equally, with fairness, dignity and respect.

3 main effects of this ACT:

1. It means the rights set out in the European

Convention on Human Rights are part of the law

in the UK, so if your human rights are broken

you can take your case to a British court rather

than having to go to the European Court of

Human Rights (ECHR) in Strasbourg, France. 2. It requires all public bodies (courts, police, state

schools, hospitals, and local councils) to respect

and protect your human rights. 3. Parliament will try and make sure new laws are

compatible (matched) with the rights set out in

the European Convention on Human Rights.

European Convention on Human Rights (1950): an agreement that was written in 1950. Each of the numbered “articles” protects a basic human right. They allow people to lead free lives. 47 states, including the UK, have signed up. That means that the UK commits to protecting the Convention rights. If a person’s rights are being breached, and they can’t get a solution in the UK under the Human Rights Act, the Convention lets them take their case to the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR). Note: the ECHR is not part of the European Union (EU) – so even if we left the EU we would still be covered by ECHR decisions.

UN Convention on the Rights of the Child (1990) 54 articles that cover all aspects of a child’s life and set out the civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights that all children everywhere are entitled to in order to survive, grow, participate and reach their potential. For example, the right to a childhood, the right to an education etc.

Magna Carta

Known as the Great Charter, signed by King John in 1215. This was the first time basic legal rights were developed:

• The right to a fair trial • The use of juries • Not being arrested without reason

Subject: PSCRE Topic: Human Rights Dates: Autumn

Term Year 8

Additional Information:

Autumn 2

Essential Vocabulary

Child Soldier Child soldiers are children (individuals under the age of 18) who are used for any military purpose. Some are in their late teens, while others may be as young as four. They are not only boys – many are girls.

Blood

Diamond Blood diamonds is a term used for a diamond mined in a war zone and sold to finance an insurgency, an invading army's war efforts, or a warlord's activity.

Child Labour Work that deprives children of their childhood, their potential and their dignity, and that is harmful to physical and mental development. It refers to work that: is mentally, physically, socially or morally dangerous and harmful to children; and interferes with their schooling by: depriving them of the opportunity to attend school.

Death

Penalty Capital punishment, also known as the death penalty, is a government-sanctioned practice whereby a person is killed by the state as a punishment for a crime.

Child Labour

152 million children worldwide are victims of child

labour; 88 million are boys and 64 million are girls.

8 percent of all victims of child labour are aged

5-11 years.

Almost half of child labour victims (73 million)

work in hazardous child labour; more than one-

quarter of all hazardous child labour is done by

children less than 12 years old (19 million).

Almost half of child workers are in Africa (72.1

million); 41 percent (62.1 million) are in Asia and

the Pacific.

1 percent of child labour takes place in

agriculture, which includes fishing, forestry,

livestock herding and aquaculture.

19 percent of child labour victims live in low

income countries; 2 million victims live in high-

income countries.

Children forced by their household

circumstances or other factors to leave school

prior to their fifteenth birthday are less likely to

ever find jobs and those who do find jobs take

much longer to do so.

Additional information can be found at:

http://www.warchild.org/

https://data.unicef.org/topic/child-protection/child-labour/

Subject: Spanish Topic: People Dates: Autumn

term

Additional Information: n/a

Additional information can be found at;

Vocabulary https://decks.memrise.com/course/1538953/priorymfl-8-spanish// (Relevant levels: 1-6)

Essential Vocabulary

Verb An action, state or occurrence

Conjugation Changing the infinitive according

to subject (I, you, he/she, we,…)

Irregular

verb

A verb that does not follow the

normal conjugation pattern.

Comparative A structure used to compare two

things/people/etc. with each other

Gender Word gender of a noun

(masculine/feminine)

Reflexive

verb

A verb used with a pronoun (me,

te, se …)

Subject: Spanish Topic: Town Dates: Autumn

term

Additional Information: n/a

Additional information can be found at;

Vocabulary https://decks.memrise.com/course/1538953/priorymfl-8-spanish/ (Relevant levels: 7-12)

Essential Vocabulary

Infinitive The basic form of a verb (to…)

Possessive

adjectives

Adjectives that show who

something belongs to (my, your..)

Near future

tense

Used to say what you are going

to do