Geography – Option – Year 11 – 2018 Page 1 of 14

DEPARTMENT FOR CURRICULUM,

RESEARCH, INNOVATION AND LIFELONG LEARNING

Directorate for Learning and Assessment Programmes

Educational Assessment Unit

Annual Examinations for Secondary Schools 2018

Year 11 GEOGRAPHY (Option) TIME: 1h 45min

Name: _________________________________________ Class: _______________

Instructions to Candidates Answer all questions in the space provided. Write your answers neatly and in good

English. Credit will be given for relevant illustrations. The marks for individual

questions are shown in round brackets: e.g. (4). There are 10 questions in all. The

total mark for this paper is 90. The use of blank paper, pieces of string and calculators is allowed.

Examiner’s use only

Question

No.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Written

Exam

Fieldwork

Report

Total

Max.

Mark

12 8 6 6 6 14 10 10 4 14 90 10 100

Score

1. Study carefully figure 1 on page 2 and then work out the exercises. The scale of

the map is 1:25000 or 4 cm:1 km.

a. Ir-Ramla is found in grid square (3691, 3791, 3591, 3590) (1)

b. The compass direction from Torri ta’ Kenuna (Point B) to Torri ta’ Isopu (Point A)

is (North, South, south-east, north-east). (1)

c. In grid square 3691 the contour lines are very close together. This means that

there is (flat land, steep cliff, rivers, hill top). (1)

d. Give the six figure grid reference of

i. Torri ta’ Isopu marked by the letter A. __________________

ii. Torri ta’ Kenuna marked by the letter B. __________________ (2)

e. What type of primary activity takes place or used to take place in grid square

3790.

_____________________________ (1)

Page 2 of 14 Geography – Option – Year 11 – 2018

Geography – Option – Year 11 – 2018 Page 3 of 14

f. Measure the straight line distance, in metres or kilometres, between point C at

Daħlet Qorrot and point D at San Blas.

___________________________ (2)

g. Calculate the slope gradient along the line marked by the letters E F. Point E is

found at 120 m above sea-level and Point F is at sea-level.

___________________________ (4)

2. Look at figure 2 on page 4 showing a World Map, and then answer the following.

a. Name the sea marked by the letter A. (Choose from: Bearing Sea, Yellow Sea, Red Sea, Caspian Sea, Baltic Sea). (1)

b. Name the continent marked by the letter B. (Choose from: Europe, Africa, Antarctica, Asia, Australia). (1)

c. Name the island marked by the letter C.

(Choose from: Greenland, Santorini, Iceland, Bali, Maldives). (1)

d. Name the industrial zone and major port marked by the letter D.

(Choose from: Rio de Janeiro, Marseilles, Sydney, Osaka-Kobe, Sydney, Mumbai). (1)

e. What type of vegetation is usually found in the area marked by the letter E? (Choose from: Mediterranean, Tropical Rainforest, Tundra, Savanna, Wetlands,

Hot desert). (1)

f. Name the Newly Industrialised Country (NIC) marked on the map by the letter F. (Choose from: Philippines, Japan, Australia, Jamaica, North Korea, Hawaii). (1)

g. What type of climate is usually experienced in the area marked by the letter G. (Choose from: Equatorial, Monsoon, Mediterranean, Polar). (1)

h. Name the sea marked by the letter H.

(Choose from: Gulf of Mexico, White Sea, North Sea, Coral Sea, Tasman sea). (1)

Page 4 of 14 Geography – Option – Year 11 – 2018

Geography – Option – Year 11 – 2018 Page 5 of 14

3. With the help of figure 3, describe six characteristics (points) of either the tropical

continental type of climate (savanna) or the Mediterranean type of climate.

Tropical Continental Climate (Savanna) Mediterranean Climate

Figure 3

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Page 6 of 14 Geography – Option – Year 11 – 2018

4. Name the type of vegetation next to each description.

Choose from Savanna, Mediterranean, Tropical rainforest.

(a) The vegetation consists of grasses scattered

with shrubs and isolated trees. _____________________

(b) The forest has an evergreen appearance

throughout the year. _____________________

(c) Typical trees that grow here are evegreen oaks

and conifers. _____________________

(d) Vegetation consist mainly of woodland, maquis

and garigue. _____________________

(e)

Vegetation grows in four distinct layers known

as the shrub layer, under canopy, main canopy

and emergents.

_____________________

(f) A common tree that grows here is the baobab

tree with its swollen trunk to store water. _____________________

(6)

5. Fill in the blank spaces of these sentences, choosing terms from the following list.

tilt year seasons 23½o eclipse

month orbit rotation west to east revolution

east to west 80o day and night 12o North to South

a. The spinning of the earth on its own axis once every 24 hours is called

_____________________.

b. The main effect of the earth’s spinning on its own axis is

__________________________________.

c. We see the sun rise in the east and set in the west since the earth spins from

__________________________________.

d. The earth’s axis is tilted ______________________________ from the plane of

its orbit around the sun.

e. The orbit of the earth around the sun is called ___________________________

and this is completed in one ____________________________.

(6)

Geography – Option – Year 11 – 2018 Page 7 of 14

6. Look at figure 4 showing a region during glaciation.

Figure 4 – A region during glaciation

a. Four labels are shown on the diagram. Draw arrow heads to show the features

named. (4)

b. Name and explain one process of glacial erosion that is shaping the region seen

in figure 4.

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________________________________________________________________________ (2)

truncated spur

arête

pyramidal peak /horn

corrie/cirque/cwm

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c. Very often many glacial highlands contain long and narrow lakes. What are these

lakes called and how are they formed?

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d. Suggest one reason why glaciers are able to erode larger valleys than rivers.

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________________________________________________________________________ (2)

e. Suggest one land use of an upland glaciated area.

___________________________________ (1)

f. For your chosen land use, explain why this is a suitable land use for an upland

glaciated area.

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________________________________________________________________________ (2)

Geography – Option – Year 11 – 2018 Page 9 of 14

7. Figure 5 shows an imaginary area in the United Kingdom.

Figure 5 – An imaginary area in the UK

a. Give three reasons why town Z became important for the location of ironworks

in the early nineteenth century.

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b. Why did town X become an important exporting port for the ironworks at

Town Z?

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c. Give three reasons why a large modern steelworks has been built at town A.

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d. Why was the modern steelworks not built at town B? Give two reasons.

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________________________________________________________________________ (2)

8. Figure 6 shows a car assembly plant in the town of São Paolo in South America.

Figure 6 - A car assembly plant in the town of São Paolo in South America

Geography – Option – Year 11 – 2018 Page 11 of 14

a. Why has industry grown rapidly in São Paolo? Mention two reasons.

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b. Describe two problems caused by the rapid industrial growth in São Paolo.

What is being done to solve these problems?

Problem

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Solution

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Problem

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Solution

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(6)

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9. Answer the following questions on how an ecosystem works.

a. What is the main source of energy in an ecosystem?

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b. What is the process by which green plants turn sunlight into energy?

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c. What is an animal that feeds on plants called?

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d. In an ecosystem there are fungi and bacteria that break down dead or

decaying organisms. What are these called?

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(4)

10. Figure 7 shows the nutrient cycle in a natural tropical rainforest.

Figure 7 – Rainforest nutrient cycle

Trees grow rapidly

Leaves fall to the forest floor

Leaves decay rapidly to form soil

Nutrients enter the soil

Shallow roots take up the nutrients

Geography – Option – Year 11 – 2018 Page 13 of 14

a. Fill in the labels of figure 8 to explain what happens to the nutrient cycle once

this fragile ecosystem is upset by deforestation.

Figure 8 – Nutrient cycle after forest destruction (5)

b. In the last 50 years more than 10% of the Amazon rainforest has been lost. Describe how each of the following cause deforestation in the Amazon rainforest.

i. Farming including cattle ranching ii. Hydro-electric power stations

iii. Mining

i. Farming including cattle ranching

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Page 14 of 14 Geography – Option – Year 11 – 2018

ii. Hydro-electric power stations

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iii. Mining

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(9)