Yamaha Music Education Guide

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Pythagoras taught music to his students for moral improvement in 6th Century BC? 1 DID YOU KNOW? 85% of Australians agree that the Arts should be an important part of the education of every Australian kid 8 YAMAHA MUSIC EDUCATION GUIDE If you are a scientist, you are 4 times more likely to win a Nobel Prize if you are also a musician 3 8 life skills that improve with participation in the arts: 6 Resilience Self esteem Identity Empathy Tolerance Cooperation Collaboration Motivation Music and arts participation increases academic outcomes, increases IQ, and improves literacy and numeracy 4 IQ UNESCO considers education in music and the arts to be a universal human right 2 Interaction with music physically changes the brain, especially in the language processing regions 5 Countless studies have shown higher grades are achieved by students who practice music, especially in Grades 4-7 1 Students may gain up to a year in NAPLAN scores in reading if they participate in arts education 7 Take a picture of you and your students getting "Off to a Great Start" with Yamaha. Post to our Facebook page facebook.com/yamahabackstagepass using the hash tag #GREATSTARTYAMAHA for a chance to win great weekly prizes in February and March, and a grand prize of a Masterclass at school with trumpet artist and educator Greg Spence. Terms and conditions apply visit yamahabackstage.com.au/greatstartyamaha . b 2 a 2 c 2 GET OFF TO A GREAT START NOW! COMPLETE EDUCATION SOLUTION LIKE US ON FACEBOOK facebook.com/yamahabackstagepass #GREATSTARTYAMAHA FIND A DEALER yamahabackstage.com.au/greatstartyamaha

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Get off to a Great Start With Yamaha and this music education guide with all you need to know about beginner instruments.

Transcript of Yamaha Music Education Guide

Page 1: Yamaha Music Education Guide

Pythagoras taught music to his students for moral improvement in 6th Century BC? 1

DID YOU KNOW?

85% of Australians agree that the Arts

should be an important part of the education of every Australian kid 8

YAMAHA MUSIC EDUCATION GUIDE

If you are a scientist, you are 4 times more likely to win a Nobel Prize if you are also a musician 3

8 life skills

that improve with participation in the arts: 6

Resilience

Self esteem

Identity

Empathy Tolerance

Cooperation

Collaboration

Motivation

Music and arts participation increases academic outcomes, increases IQ, and improves literacy and numeracy 4

IQ

UNESCO considers education in music and the arts to be a universal human right 2

Interaction with music physically changes the brain, especially in

the language processing regions 5

Countless studies have shown

higher grades are achieved by students who

practice music, especially in Grades

4-7

1Students may

gain up to a year in NAPLAN scores in reading if they participate in arts

education 7

Take a picture of you and your students getting "Off to a Great Start" with Yamaha. Post to our Facebook page facebook.com/yamahabackstagepass using the hash tag #GREATSTARTYAMAHA for a chance to win great weekly prizes in February and March, and a grand prize of a Masterclass at school with trumpet artist and educator Greg Spence. Terms and conditions apply visit yamahabackstage.com.au/greatstartyamaha .

b2

a2

c2

GET OFF TO A GREAT START NOW!

COMPLETE EDUCATION SOLUTION

LIKE US ON FACEBOOK facebook.com/yamahabackstagepass

#GREATSTARTYAMAHA

FIND A DEALER yamahabackstage.com.au/greatstartyamaha

Page 2: Yamaha Music Education Guide

BRASS AND WIND MODEL NUMBER LOGIC: For example:YFL stands for Yamaha FLute YAS stands for Yamaha Alto Saxophone etc... The first number is the level: 2xx is beginner 4xx is step up 6xx is professional

Split-E Mechanism Included on all but entry level flutes. Makes note ‘E3’ more stable. This will be useful from the second or third year of playing.

Solid Silver vs Silver PlatedSolid silver has a far superior sound, and gives a wider pallet of tone colours and dynamics.

Open-Hole The keys are ring-shaped instead of flat. Not suitable for absolute beginners as it can make it harder for the player to seal, but generally preferred by older players. Allows the sound directly out of the flute, giving a more ‘open’ sound.

YFL211 Flute This is the perfect instrument for the budding flutist or school hire fleet. Includes split-E and silver plating. Yamaha’s most popular flute.

$1,049 RRP*

YFL371 FluteThe key difference for this model is the solid silver head joint which will pay off with a better sound as the player develops. Open hole keys.

$1,799 RRP*

YFL471 FluteThis flute has a solid silver head joint, body and foot joint, which is the same composition as very expensive models. A much bigger potential for a really nice sound, and more dynamic range is what advancing players are looking for. Open hole keys.

$2,399 RRP*

YPC62 Piccolo FluteThe YPC62 is the perfect piccolo for those who double on flute and piccolo and features the incredibly dense and stable Grenadilla wood. The YPC62 is also available with a wave-form head joint which is generally easier to switch to from flute (YPC62R - $2,499 RRP*).

$1,999 RRP*

FLUTES

CLARINETS

YCL255 Clarinet The YCL255 was built with the beginner in mind. Teachers love this model for its solid intonation, and the fact its strong ABS resin is durable. Includes a light-weight bell, adjustable thumb rest and easy-to-carry case.

$899 RRP*

Grenadilla Wood vs ABS ResinGrenadilla wood is an incredibly dense and stable wood that’s been used in clarinets for centuries. It sounds rich and smooth. Entry level models are made of ABS resin for durability.

Nickel Silver vs Silver Plated KeysSilver plated key work gives you far superior projection, a wider variety of tonal contrasts as well as a harder wearing finish.

YCL650 ClarinetIdeal for the upper high school student looking for a bit more from their clarinet at an affordable price. Undercut tone holes and a unique bore design ensures a beautiful, rich clarinet sound.

$2,499 RRP*

YCL221II Bass ClarinetThis instrument is made to last! Built from sturdy ABS resin and in a robust hard case to protect this important asset for any school.

$4,199 RRP*

YOB241 OboeOboe can be tough for a beginner! This has precise intonation and light weight simplified keywork to ensure the player can enjoy a warm, stable sound.

THE SCHOOL INSTRUMENT

$2,999 RRP*

OBOES

DESIGNED WITH THE BEGINNER IN MIND

YCL450M ClarinetThis clarinet is one of a kind. Perfect for that beginner to intermediate student that is ready to make a sound that only a wooden clarinet can produce but not experienced enough to care for it. It’s made from Grenadilla wood, but features an ABS resin lined inner bore in the top joint to prevent cracking. Includes silver plated keys and an adjustable thumb rest.

$1,799 RRP*A LITTLE BIT EXTRA

BUDGET OPTION

BUDGET OPTION

PROFESSIONAL FEATURES

THE SCHOOL INSTRUMENT

THE SCHOOL INSTRUMENT

A LITTLE BIT EXTRA

PROFESSIONAL FEATURES

*Recommended Retail Price. See in-store for EDUCATION PRICING.

Page 3: Yamaha Music Education Guide

ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITYYamaha only use lead-free solder and recycled packaging. All factories are ISO14001 certified and use recycled water. We source our timber used in our instruments from sustainable wood sources.

Yamaha produce a full range of accessories designed to keep

your instrument healthy.

Types of SaxophoneThere are four main types of saxophone: from highest to lowest they are soprano, alto, tenor and baritone. The most common saxophone to start on is the alto, followed by the tenor. The soprano is pitched an octave higher than the tenor, and the baritone is pitched an octave lower then the alto.

High F# Key This is an optional key found on the saxophone to give a fingering option for high F#. A player will need this around their 4th year of playing or so. High F# is vital for year 11 and 12 studies as well as higher AMEB exams.

YAS & YTS26 Alto or Tenor SaxophonePerfect for the school hire fleet, it is designed for the first year player. Made to be affordable it features nickel silver key work, sturdy neck receiver and a durable, stackable hard case. Without high F#.

BUDGET OPTION

YAS - $1999 RRP*

YTS - $2599 RRP*

YAS & YTS280 Alto or Tenor Saxophone The ideal first saxophone. Featuring some creature comforts like lacquered keys, sturdy neck receiver and high F# key this model will retain value when it’s time to upgrade or sell. This model includes a backpack styled case for easy transport to and from school.

A LITTLE BIT EXTRA

YAS - $2349 RRP*

YTS - $2999 RRP*

YAS & YTS62III Alto or Tenor SaxophoneFirst designed in 1969 with the legend Eugene Rousseau, the ‘62 saxophones have been a standard choice for professional players for years. Perfect for advancing high school and tertiary students, the 62 features a hand-engraved one-piece bell and custom style neck for a brilliant, versatile tone.

PROFESSIONAL FEATURES

YAS - $3599 RRP*

YTS - $4099 RRP*

SAXOPHONES

When it comes to weight, resistance and ease of blowing, all of our entry level models are designed very specifically with young players in mind.

Only 47%of Australian primary schools

offer classroom music 9

47%

DID YOU KNOW?

YSS475II Soprano Saxophone These are designed for an easy transition between alto/tenor saxophones and soprano. Featuring excellent response, tone and intonation to ensure confident performances as soon as possible.

$3,499 RRP*

YBS32 Baritone Saxophone Featuring low A key and solid hard case, this is the ideal choice for any school.

$7,999 RRP*

THE SCHOOL INSTRUMENT

THE SCHOOL INSTRUMENT

Page 4: Yamaha Music Education Guide

Monel ValvesMonel is a metal alloy of copper and nickel that is used to make valves. The alloy is strong, robust and allows more precise tolerances in the valve action, and less sticking with proper care. All Yamaha brass instruments feature Monel valves.

Reverse Lead PipeThe lead pipe (other than the mouthpiece) is the first part of the trumpet that the air flows through. The lead pipe is connected to the tuning slide (the first bend in a trumpet). A standard lead pipe causes slight resistance due to the tuning slide sitting inside the lead pipe. Reversing this construction results in a free blowing trumpet, usually an option on more expensive models.

Gold Brass Bell vs Yellow Brass BellThis refers to the bell material, not the plating. Gold brass has a higher percentage of copper vs nickel giving it a darker, more mellow sound.

YSL154 TromboneThe is the ideal choice for schools and beginners alike, and stands out as a beginner trombone for two key reasons. Firstly, the professional action slide is slick, accurate and low maintenance ensuring the player can practice long into the night! Secondly, it comes with a robust hard case that will protect your investment. Available in lacquer and silver. (YSL154S - $1,349 RRP*).

$1,349 RRP*

YSL456A TromboneLike its predecessor the YSL456GJ, this is designed specifically for the Australian market. It’s gold brass bell, professional slide and F attachment ensures this trombone has a strong, full, warm tone. This really is a value-packed trombone perfect for advancing trombonists.

$2,399 RRP*

YBL421G Bass TromboneFeaturing an extra large bore and a 9.5 inch gold brass bell the YBL421G offers schools an intermediate bass trombone at a student price. Its full sound, especially in the lower registers, ensures the bass trombone will add depth to any ensemble from orchestra to stage band.

$3,599 RRP*

TRUMPET

YTR2330 TrumpetDesigned for beginner player, this is light but with the ideal amount of resistance. The Monel valves ensure that your lessons will not be interrupted by sticking valves and light-weight bell helps you practice for longer without getting tired. No excuse for not practicing every night! Available in lacquer and silver. (YTR2330S - $899 RRP*).

$899 RRP*

YTR3335 TrumpetLike our pro trumpet the YTR8310Z signature Bobby Shew model, the YTR3335 features a reverse lead pipe. This will give a player that extra confidence to sing their part out in band. Available in lacquer and silver. (YTR3335S - $1,149 RRP*).

$1,049 RRP*

BUDGET OPTION

A LITTLE BIT EXTRA

YTR6335A TrumpetSimilar to its predecessor the YTR6335J, the YTR6335A features a gold brass one piece bell to ensure a versatile tone. This trumpet would blend in with any school ensemble from orchestra to stage band. Yamaha’s most popular pro trumpet.

$1,899 RRP*PROFESSIONAL FEATURES

TROMBONE

BUDGET OPTION

PROFESSIONAL FEATURES

THE SCHOOL INSTRUMENT

Silver Plated vs Lacquered InstrumentsSome Yamaha instruments are available in both silver plated or lacquered finishes. Silver plating creates a brighter tone but involves a little more maintenance to stop tarnishing.

F Attachment ‘Bb/F’Some trombones are available with an F attachment. This is useful for playing lower notes and gives options for easier slide positions. It does however add extra weight to the trombone, so is not recommended for absolute beginners.

*Recommended Retail Price. See in-store for EDUCATION PRICING.

COMPLETE EDUCATION SOLUTION

Page 5: Yamaha Music Education Guide

RECORDERHORN & LOW BRASSSingle Horn vs Double HornYamaha produce two types of single horn, Bb and F. These instruments are great for beginner students due to the weight and straight-forward operation, but have limitations. Single horns work more securely in certain registers than others due to the nature of the horn. Double horns literally bring both horns together with the ability to play in all registers securely.

3 Valve vs 4 ValveYamaha produce euphoniums in three different styles. Three valve, four valve (with four across the top of the instrument), four valve (with three on top and one on the side). Three valve euphoniums are lighter weight and perfect for younger players. Four valve euphoniums are more traditional offering extra range, better intonation and a stronger fuller tone.

YFH631G FlugelhornThe YFH631G is the ideal investment for a school. It features a medium-small bore to help students transition from trumpet to flugelhorn easily. Utilises a gold brass bell to ensure a warm, mellow flugelhorn tone.

$3,199 RRP*THE SCHOOL INSTRUMENT

YRS24B Recorder The YRS24B is Australia’s most popular musical instrument. Made from durable ABS resin without toxic glues, the YRS24B is easy to keep clean. Recorders are the ideal precursor to playing wind instruments.

$13.49 RRP* Also available: YRS20 coloured recorders. Blue/Pink/Green $16.99 RRP*

YEP201S EuphoniumDesigned for the beginner player, the YEP201S is a light-weight 3 valve entry level euphonium. It’s light weight yellow brass body ensure it is easy for young students to hold, but still features an 11” bell to help produce a full, sonorous euphonium sound.

THE SCHOOL INSTRUMENT

$3,499 RRP*

YBB105S TubaAn ideal instrument for any school looking to purchase a smaller, easier to handle tuba for the beginning student. This 3/4 size, small-bore Bb tuba can be handled by players of all sizes!

THE SCHOOL INSTRUMENT

$5,999 RRP*

DID YOU KNOW?

Only 23% of public schools offer Sequential, Continuous,

Developmental (meaningful and sustained) Music Education in

School 10

23%

For expert advice and tutorials from Yamaha go to yamahabackstage.com.au/greatstartyamaha

YHR567 HornThis is a full double horn and is a standard in the horn world. Built with easy to maintain rotor valves and a medium bell ensures this tricky instrument is a little easier to teach and play.

$4,999 RRP*PERFECT FOR ALL APPLICATIONS

PLow monthly paymentsPApply to buy anytimeP Upgrades available Visit yamaharental.com.au to apply instantly to rent brand new products†.

Take Me Home Today† Conditions apply

Page 6: Yamaha Music Education Guide

GET CONNECTED WITH YAMAHA

DRUMS Fusion SizesThe smaller drum sizes of Yamaha’s fusion package allows younger players to sit comfortably and correctly behind the kit. The included PST3 cymbal set contains a 20” ride cymbal, 16” crash cymbal and 14” hihat pair. iOS AppsConnect the DTX400K to an Apple iPad via USB and use Yamaha’s range of DTX Apps to learn and play in a new interactive way.

Universal SetThe balanced sound of the medium weight cymbals in Paiste’s PST5 Universal pack make it possible for drum students to move between different musical styles without overpowering the band.

GMPLAYFUSION Drum PackageYamaha’s Gigmaker Player Pack in Fusion sizes is a complete set with everything you need in one package. Featuring a full set of double braced hardware, a Yamaha drum stool, and a set of Paiste PST3 cymbals (14” hi-hats, 16” crash, and 20” ride), this configuration contains a 20”x16” bass drum, 10”x8” and 12”x9” mounted toms, a 14”x14” floor tom and a 14”x5.5” matching wood snare drum. Available in a choice of 6 eye-catching colours.

BUDGET OPTION

$1,350 RRP*

GUITARSGIGMAKERC40 Nylon Acoustic PackFor the highest quality at entry-level, the Yamaha C40 is recommended by teachers around the world. It has a Spruce top, and the nylon strings are easy to play for a beginner. This pack contains a Korg digital tuner to easily keep the guitar in tune, and an instructional DVD to get you started.

VALUE PACK

$229.99 RRP*

DTX400K Electronic Drum KitA sturdy and easy to use electronic drum kit loaded with Yamaha’s best drum and percussion voices and packed with professional features like USB connectivity. Perfect for drum labs.

BUDGET OPTION

$749.99 RRP*Available on the App Store:

DTX Lessons

DTX Touch

Song Beats

UR22 Audio InterfaceThe popular Steinberg UR22 audio/MIDI interface is an ideal choice for anyone getting started in the world of music production. With 2 high quality D-PRE microphone pre-amps and MIDI connectivity, the UR22 is a fully portable solution for professional level recording. Includes Steinberg Cubase AI software. 24bit/192khz.

ENTRY LEVEL AUDIO/MIDI INTERFACE

$219.99 RRP*

STAGEPAS600I Portable P.A SystemCompact and light enough to carry by hand, the STAGEPAS600I is an all-in-one PA system that you can take literally anywhere. Ideal for performances, school events, and announcements, even users with no PA operation experience will be able to produce high-quality sound in a matter of seconds.

PORTABLE PA SYSTEM

$1,699 RRP*

HS7 Studio MonitorsThe verstaile HS7 studio monitors are well suited to a wide variety of applications, from studio control rooms to multimedia edit suites. With a strong emphasis on accuracy, the impressive sound image and flat frequency response will help any engineer obtain professional results.

STUDIO MONITORS

$399.99 RRP*

PROFESSIONAL AUDIOD-PRE The microphone preamp is where sound creation begins in recording. The D-PRE preamp will help capture the true expression of a performance in pristine clarity, giving beginners confidence to achieve a professional quality mix.

000068USET18 PST5 Cymbal SetPST5 cymbals are made in Germany from Paiste's legendary 2002 bronze. This Universal pack contains a 14" Hihat pair, a 16" Crash and a 20" Ride and for a limited time comes with a bonus 18" crash.

A LITTLE BIT EXTRA

$599.99 RRP*

FACEBOOK YAMAHA facebook.com/yamahabackstagepass

Page 7: Yamaha Music Education Guide

KEYBOARDS & DIGITAL PIANOS

PSRE443 KeyboardPortable with hundreds of rhythms and sounds. The PSRE443 is a great first keyboard, with a more robust design to handle a high amount of use, it also includes plenty of advanced features for more experienced players with 755 sounds, real-time controls for easy interaction and a built-in Aux input.

BUDGET OPTION

$529.99 RRP*

P35 Digital PianoThe P35 is Yamaha’s most popular portable digital piano, providing the feel of a real piano with its 88 note weighted GHS Graded Hammer Standard action and Yamaha’s world famous piano sound.

FULL SIZE YET PORTABLE

$619.99 RRP* Also available: P105 Audio outputs, improved sample, 128 note polyphony $949.99 RRP*

GHS, Graded Hammer Standard Yamaha’s first level of 88 note weighted keyboard action. Like an acoustic piano, the touch of the notes is heavier in the bass transitioning to a lighter touch in the treble notes.

GH, Graded Hammer The second level of 88 note weighted keyboard action. Like an acoustic piano action, the touch of the notes is heavier in the bass transitioning to a lighter touch in the treble, with the added texture and feel of Synthetic Ivory keytops which prevents fingers from slipping even after hours of performing.

Spruce topSpruce is a genuine tonewood used in Yamaha guitars to produce full, resonant sound which is encouraging and satisfying for new players.

GIGMAKER310Steel-String Acoustic Pack GIGMAKER310 contains the world-renowned Yamaha F310P full-size acoustic guitar featuring a full sound and quality construction with Spruce top. This pack contains all the accessories to get you started straight away; digital tuner, instructional DVD, spare strings, picks, gig bag, string winder and strap.

VALUE PACK

$269.99 RRP*

GIGMAKER10 Electric Guitar PackThis pack includes a quality Yamaha Pacifica 012 electric guitar that will give the beginner a range of great sounds and an instrument built to last. The Vox amp provides quality looks and sounds ranging from clean through to proper rock tones. The pack comes with all the accessories needed to start playing today: digital tuner, instructional DVD, Vox cable, strap, picks, spare strings and string winder. Colours: Black (BL), Red Metallic (RM), and Dark Blue Metallic (DBM).

VALUE PACK

$549.99 RRP*

*Recommended Retail Price. See in-store for EDUCATION PRICING.

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TWITTER twitter.com/yamahabackstage

INSTAGRAM instagram.com/yamahabackstage

P255 Digital PianoFull size yet portable the P-255 is a fantastic classroom digital piano which can easily be transported for use on stage in school assemblies and performances alike. The 88-note weighted GH Grade Hammer action provides true piano feel with its synthetic ivory keytops. There is an optional stand and three pedal unit available if a more permanent set up is required. Available in black or white.

PROFESSIONAL FEATURES

$2,199 RRP*

YDP142 Digital PianoThe Arius YDP142 is the starting point in Yamaha’s cabinet style digital piano range. This digital piano is perfect for beginners and accomplished players, providing a true piano feel and sound. The GHS (Grade Hammer Standard) action is great for transitioning from an acoustic piano as it encourages proper fingering technique. Available in rosewood or black walnut.

CABINET STYLE BUDGET OPTION

$1,599 RRP*

Page 8: Yamaha Music Education Guide

EASY TO PLAYThere’s nothing more likely to put off a student in their first few lessons than an instrument that is difficult to play. Teachers agree that Yamaha student instruments offer the best chance for young instrumentalists to progress to higher levels of achievement. Our easy blowing and airtight engineering ensure that the beginner’s first experience is one they will wish to repeat!

LOW MAINTENANCE COSTS Instruments designed and engineered to such meticulous standards are subject to less wear and stress than others. Consequently, their maintenance becomes a minor consideration.

A SOUND INVESTMENTA musical instrument that is easy to play, durable, plays in tune and requires little maintenance has got to be a desirable one for the student musician.

DURABILITYEvery instrument that Yamaha produces is built to last. We only use the most durable materials so that our instruments will pass the test of time. We all know that student instruments can take a battering, so it is a relief to both parents and teachers alike that they can trust a brand that is known worldwide for its strength and durability. An added bonus is that all Yamaha instruments purchased in Australia are covered by our manufacturers warranty.

CONSISTENCYYamaha prides itself on over a century of handcrafting fine instruments and every instrument we make is tested by hand before it leaves the workshop. We are equally proud of the technological advances that we have made along the way. The culmination of both traditional techniques and state of the art technology mean that there is a consistency across the board which no other brand is able to compete with. Each note on every instrument is tested before leaving the factory. This is great news for both students and teachers alike as lesson time and practice time can be focused on learning, rather that compensating for an inferior instrument.

REASONSTO SELECT YAMAHA INSTRUMENTS

Yamaha’s product development philosophy has massive benefits for students. Our “top down” approach means that we first develop the professional models, using all the resources at our disposal, including close consultancy with professional artists. Having perfected the leading edge instrument, Yamaha then takes key features of these models and applies them to our student range. Here are just a few of the advantages of Yamaha’s approach:

BUT WHY CHOOSE YAMAHA?

There are instruments available with a lower initial cost. Will you actually save money by choosing them? The answer we believe, is no. When costs over the whole life of the instrument are considered and the rewards in terms of student achievement added, the argument for choosing Yamaha is compelling.

A Yamaha student instrument will facilitate the unimpeded development of the student. It will allow the teacher to concentrate on teaching, not adjusting or compensating. It will perform flawlessly “straight out of the box” and require minimal maintenance. It will give many years of quality service allowing its initial cost to be recovered over a longer period. It is a sound investment.

TERMS AND CONDITIONS: *Recommended Retail Prices are as set by the distributor Yamaha Music Australia and are correct at the time of printing. RRP may not reflect the current market price and individual dealers may sell products at less than the RRP. Yamaha Music Australia reserves the right to change the RRP without notice. Not all products listed are available at all Yamaha dealers. While stocks last. Errors and omissions excepted.

1. Rkudhyar, D. (1982). The Magic of Tone and the Art of Music. Boulder, Colorado: Shambala Publications, Inc. Pg 187

2. UNESCO (2006). Road Map for Arts Education, UNESCO World Conference on Arts Education in Lisbon, March 2006.

3. Root-Bernstein, R. and Root-Bernstein, M. (2010) Arts at the Center. Keynote speech: paper presented at UNESCO Second World Conference on Arts Education in Seoul, 25 - 28 May 2010.

4. Caldwell, B. (2013). Common Cause in Arts Education, keynote presentation to Arts Up Front: Arts Education Conference in Canberra, February 2013, p3

5. Ibid. p46. Ibid. p6

7. Ibid. p78. Costantoura, P. (2000). Australians and the arts. A report to the Australia Council from Saatchi and Saatchi Australia. Sydney: Australia Council for the Arts. 9. Petrova, I. (2012). What Makes Good Music Programs in Schools? Doctoral Thesis for the University of NSW, http://www.mca.org.au/images/pdf/research/other/IrinaPetrova_PhDThesisFinal.pdf 10. Harvey, I. (2001) Percentage of Students Receiving a Sequential, Continuous, Developmental Music Education in School. Music Council of Australia. http://www.mca.org.au/images/pdf/MCAresearch/mcaRESEARCH%20competent%20music%20ed.pdf

FACTS, INFORMATION, AND DATA SOURCES: