XHTML Code Guide
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Transcript of XHTML Code Guide
XHTMLIntroduction to
Xtensible HyperText Markup Language
Screen Readers – Click the Notes button in the lower right corner.
Saturday, April 20, 13
Creating Web Pages
Become a Web DesignerMUL 112 Interactive Media IMUL 218 Dynamic Web DesignMUL 125 Interactive Motion MediaCSIS 125A Web Development 2
Saturday, April 20, 13
Creating Web Pages
About Creating Pages
Become a Web DesignerMUL 112 Interactive Media IMUL 218 Dynamic Web DesignMUL 125 Interactive Motion MediaCSIS 125A Web Development 2
Saturday, April 20, 13
Creating Web Pages
About Creating Pages Many ways to create web pages
Become a Web DesignerMUL 112 Interactive Media IMUL 218 Dynamic Web DesignMUL 125 Interactive Motion MediaCSIS 125A Web Development 2
Saturday, April 20, 13
Creating Web Pages
About Creating Pages Many ways to create web pages
Text Editors and GUI Editors
Become a Web DesignerMUL 112 Interactive Media IMUL 218 Dynamic Web DesignMUL 125 Interactive Motion MediaCSIS 125A Web Development 2
Saturday, April 20, 13
Creating Web Pages
About Creating Pages Many ways to create web pages
Text Editors and GUI Editors Write the pages in Extensible HTML (XHTML)
Become a Web DesignerMUL 112 Interactive Media IMUL 218 Dynamic Web DesignMUL 125 Interactive Motion MediaCSIS 125A Web Development 2
Saturday, April 20, 13
Creating Web Pages
About Creating Pages Many ways to create web pages
Text Editors and GUI Editors Write the pages in Extensible HTML (XHTML)
Web Designers should…
Become a Web DesignerMUL 112 Interactive Media IMUL 218 Dynamic Web DesignMUL 125 Interactive Motion MediaCSIS 125A Web Development 2
Saturday, April 20, 13
Creating Web Pages
About Creating Pages Many ways to create web pages
Text Editors and GUI Editors Write the pages in Extensible HTML (XHTML)
Web Designers should… Know additional technologies
Become a Web DesignerMUL 112 Interactive Media IMUL 218 Dynamic Web DesignMUL 125 Interactive Motion MediaCSIS 125A Web Development 2
Saturday, April 20, 13
Creating Web Pages
About Creating Pages Many ways to create web pages
Text Editors and GUI Editors Write the pages in Extensible HTML (XHTML)
Web Designers should… Know additional technologies
FlashBecome a Web Designer
MUL 112 Interactive Media IMUL 218 Dynamic Web DesignMUL 125 Interactive Motion MediaCSIS 125A Web Development 2
Saturday, April 20, 13
Creating Web Pages
About Creating Pages Many ways to create web pages
Text Editors and GUI Editors Write the pages in Extensible HTML (XHTML)
Web Designers should… Know additional technologies
FlashJavaScript Become a Web Designer
MUL 112 Interactive Media IMUL 218 Dynamic Web DesignMUL 125 Interactive Motion MediaCSIS 125A Web Development 2
Saturday, April 20, 13
Creating Web Pages
About Creating Pages Many ways to create web pages
Text Editors and GUI Editors Write the pages in Extensible HTML (XHTML)
Web Designers should… Know additional technologies
FlashJavaScriptActiveX
Become a Web DesignerMUL 112 Interactive Media IMUL 218 Dynamic Web DesignMUL 125 Interactive Motion MediaCSIS 125A Web Development 2
Saturday, April 20, 13
Creating Web Pages
About Creating Pages Many ways to create web pages
Text Editors and GUI Editors Write the pages in Extensible HTML (XHTML)
Web Designers should… Know additional technologies
FlashJavaScriptActiveX
Use and understand
Become a Web DesignerMUL 112 Interactive Media IMUL 218 Dynamic Web DesignMUL 125 Interactive Motion MediaCSIS 125A Web Development 2
Saturday, April 20, 13
Creating Web Pages
About Creating Pages Many ways to create web pages
Text Editors and GUI Editors Write the pages in Extensible HTML (XHTML)
Web Designers should… Know additional technologies
FlashJavaScriptActiveX
Use and understandDatabases
Become a Web DesignerMUL 112 Interactive Media IMUL 218 Dynamic Web DesignMUL 125 Interactive Motion MediaCSIS 125A Web Development 2
Saturday, April 20, 13
Creating Web Pages
About Creating Pages Many ways to create web pages
Text Editors and GUI Editors Write the pages in Extensible HTML (XHTML)
Web Designers should… Know additional technologies
FlashJavaScriptActiveX
Use and understandDatabasesDatabase connections
Become a Web DesignerMUL 112 Interactive Media IMUL 218 Dynamic Web DesignMUL 125 Interactive Motion MediaCSIS 125A Web Development 2
Saturday, April 20, 13
Use basic text editor Creates XHTML tags by hand Use
Notepad (PC) NOTE: NOT Wordpad!
Editors
Saturday, April 20, 13
Use basic text editor Creates XHTML tags by hand Use
Notepad (PC) NOTE: NOT Wordpad! TextEdit (Mac)
Editors
Saturday, April 20, 13
Use basic text editor Creates XHTML tags by hand Use
Notepad (PC) NOTE: NOT Wordpad! TextEdit (Mac)
Saving XHTML files
Editors
Saturday, April 20, 13
Use basic text editor Creates XHTML tags by hand Use
Notepad (PC) NOTE: NOT Wordpad! TextEdit (Mac)
Saving XHTML files Save the text as plaintext
Editors
Saturday, April 20, 13
Use basic text editor Creates XHTML tags by hand Use
Notepad (PC) NOTE: NOT Wordpad! TextEdit (Mac)
Saving XHTML files Save the text as plaintext Save the file using either the .html or .htm file name extension
Editors
Saturday, April 20, 13
Use basic text editor Creates XHTML tags by hand Use
Notepad (PC) NOTE: NOT Wordpad! TextEdit (Mac)
Saving XHTML files Save the text as plaintext Save the file using either the .html or .htm file name extension
Example: mypage.htm or mypage.html
Editors
Saturday, April 20, 13
Use basic text editor Creates XHTML tags by hand Use
Notepad (PC) NOTE: NOT Wordpad! TextEdit (Mac)
Saving XHTML files Save the text as plaintext Save the file using either the .html or .htm file name extension
Example: mypage.htm or mypage.htmlGUI HTML editors:
Editors
Saturday, April 20, 13
Use basic text editor Creates XHTML tags by hand Use
Notepad (PC) NOTE: NOT Wordpad! TextEdit (Mac)
Saving XHTML files Save the text as plaintext Save the file using either the .html or .htm file name extension
Example: mypage.htm or mypage.htmlGUI HTML editors:
Create HTML/XHTML code for you
Editors
Saturday, April 20, 13
Use basic text editor Creates XHTML tags by hand Use
Notepad (PC) NOTE: NOT Wordpad! TextEdit (Mac)
Saving XHTML files Save the text as plaintext Save the file using either the .html or .htm file name extension
Example: mypage.htm or mypage.htmlGUI HTML editors:
Create HTML/XHTML code for you You type the page text as you would with a standard word processor
Editors
Saturday, April 20, 13
Use basic text editor Creates XHTML tags by hand Use
Notepad (PC) NOTE: NOT Wordpad! TextEdit (Mac)
Saving XHTML files Save the text as plaintext Save the file using either the .html or .htm file name extension
Example: mypage.htm or mypage.htmlGUI HTML editors:
Create HTML/XHTML code for you You type the page text as you would with a standard word processor You point and click with a mouse
Editors
Saturday, April 20, 13
Use basic text editor Creates XHTML tags by hand Use
Notepad (PC) NOTE: NOT Wordpad! TextEdit (Mac)
Saving XHTML files Save the text as plaintext Save the file using either the .html or .htm file name extension
Example: mypage.htm or mypage.htmlGUI HTML editors:
Create HTML/XHTML code for you You type the page text as you would with a standard word processor You point and click with a mouse When saving, the editor adds the extension automatically
Editors
Saturday, April 20, 13
Use basic text editor Creates XHTML tags by hand Use
Notepad (PC) NOTE: NOT Wordpad! TextEdit (Mac)
Saving XHTML files Save the text as plaintext Save the file using either the .html or .htm file name extension
Example: mypage.htm or mypage.htmlGUI HTML editors:
Create HTML/XHTML code for you You type the page text as you would with a standard word processor You point and click with a mouse When saving, the editor adds the extension automatically
Popular GUI HTML editors include:
Editors
Saturday, April 20, 13
Use basic text editor Creates XHTML tags by hand Use
Notepad (PC) NOTE: NOT Wordpad! TextEdit (Mac)
Saving XHTML files Save the text as plaintext Save the file using either the .html or .htm file name extension
Example: mypage.htm or mypage.htmlGUI HTML editors:
Create HTML/XHTML code for you You type the page text as you would with a standard word processor You point and click with a mouse When saving, the editor adds the extension automatically
Popular GUI HTML editors include: Adobe DreamWeaver
Editors
Saturday, April 20, 13
Use basic text editor Creates XHTML tags by hand Use
Notepad (PC) NOTE: NOT Wordpad! TextEdit (Mac)
Saving XHTML files Save the text as plaintext Save the file using either the .html or .htm file name extension
Example: mypage.htm or mypage.htmlGUI HTML editors:
Create HTML/XHTML code for you You type the page text as you would with a standard word processor You point and click with a mouse When saving, the editor adds the extension automatically
Popular GUI HTML editors include: Adobe DreamWeaver Microsoft Expressions
Editors
Saturday, April 20, 13
Use basic text editor Creates XHTML tags by hand Use
Notepad (PC) NOTE: NOT Wordpad! TextEdit (Mac)
Saving XHTML files Save the text as plaintext Save the file using either the .html or .htm file name extension
Example: mypage.htm or mypage.htmlGUI HTML editors:
Create HTML/XHTML code for you You type the page text as you would with a standard word processor You point and click with a mouse When saving, the editor adds the extension automatically
Popular GUI HTML editors include: Adobe DreamWeaver Microsoft Expressions Coffee Cup
Editors
Saturday, April 20, 13
Naming Web Page FilesWeb servers search for default page namesDefault page names include:
Saturday, April 20, 13
Naming Web Page FilesWeb servers search for default page namesDefault page names include:
index.html
Saturday, April 20, 13
Naming Web Page FilesWeb servers search for default page namesDefault page names include:
index.html index.htm
Saturday, April 20, 13
Naming Web Page FilesWeb servers search for default page namesDefault page names include:
index.html index.htm
Names determined by the server
Saturday, April 20, 13
Naming Web Page FilesWeb servers search for default page namesDefault page names include:
index.html index.htm
Names determined by the server Designers must know what type of server hosts the
web pages
Saturday, April 20, 13
Naming Web Page FilesWeb servers search for default page namesDefault page names include:
index.html index.htm
Names determined by the server Designers must know what type of server hosts the
web pagesApache Server (Linux) -- usually index.html
Saturday, April 20, 13
Naming Web Page FilesWeb servers search for default page namesDefault page names include:
index.html index.htm
Names determined by the server Designers must know what type of server hosts the
web pagesApache Server (Linux) -- usually index.html IIS (Windows) – usually index.htm or default.htm
http://www.chromezebra.comThe browser will open the index file without having to type it.
Saturday, April 20, 13
Markup LanguagesExtensible HTML (XHTML)
Latest formulation of HTML Defines content rather than format
Saturday, April 20, 13
Markup LanguagesExtensible HTML (XHTML)
Latest formulation of HTML Defines content rather than format Used to organize data on the page
Saturday, April 20, 13
Markup LanguagesExtensible HTML (XHTML)
Latest formulation of HTML Defines content rather than format Used to organize data on the page More flexible than HTML
Saturday, April 20, 13
Markup LanguagesExtensible HTML (XHTML)
Latest formulation of HTML Defines content rather than format Used to organize data on the page More flexible than HTML Used to insure accessibility for persons with limited
vision, hearing, etc.
Saturday, April 20, 13
Markup LanguagesExtensible HTML (XHTML)
Latest formulation of HTML Defines content rather than format Used to organize data on the page More flexible than HTML Used to insure accessibility for persons with limited
vision, hearing, etc. Works with Cascading Style Sheets
Saturday, April 20, 13
Web Page AccessViewing Pages
The page and all referenced images and objects must reside on a Web server that provides access to the Internet.
Saturday, April 20, 13
Web Page AccessViewing Pages
The page and all referenced images and objects must reside on a Web server that provides access to the Internet.
File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
Saturday, April 20, 13
Web Page AccessViewing Pages
The page and all referenced images and objects must reside on a Web server that provides access to the Internet.
File Transfer Protocol (FTP) This is a program that uploads web pages to the web
server. (you will do this in this class)
Saturday, April 20, 13
Web Page AccessViewing Pages
The page and all referenced images and objects must reside on a Web server that provides access to the Internet.
File Transfer Protocol (FTP) This is a program that uploads web pages to the web
server. (you will do this in this class)Options for a server:
Saturday, April 20, 13
Web Page AccessViewing Pages
The page and all referenced images and objects must reside on a Web server that provides access to the Internet.
File Transfer Protocol (FTP) This is a program that uploads web pages to the web
server. (you will do this in this class)Options for a server:
Contract with an Internet Service Providers (ISP)
Saturday, April 20, 13
Web Page AccessViewing Pages
The page and all referenced images and objects must reside on a Web server that provides access to the Internet.
File Transfer Protocol (FTP) This is a program that uploads web pages to the web
server. (you will do this in this class)Options for a server:
Contract with an Internet Service Providers (ISP) Set up your own server and Internet access
Saturday, April 20, 13
Web Page AccessViewing Pages
The page and all referenced images and objects must reside on a Web server that provides access to the Internet.
File Transfer Protocol (FTP) This is a program that uploads web pages to the web
server. (you will do this in this class)Options for a server:
Contract with an Internet Service Providers (ISP) Set up your own server and Internet access
NOTE: your web page will reside on a server but you will not need a server in this class.
Saturday, April 20, 13
XHTML TagsForm
Uses wickets Lower-case only
<body></body> Contains an opening and
closing tag
Opening Tag
<strong> My Home Page </strong>
Closing Tag
Saturday, April 20, 13
XHTML TagsForm
Uses wickets Lower-case only
<body></body> Contains an opening and
closing tag Tags must nest properly
Opening Tag
<strong> My Home Page </strong>
Closing Tag
<!DOCTYPE ><html><head><title> </title></head><body></body> </html>
Every XHTML document must have the following document structure components to render as expected and validate:
<body>This is an example of markup tags</body>
Saturday, April 20, 13
XHTML Tag RulesAll tags must be written in lower case.
Wrong: <HR> Right: <hr>
Saturday, April 20, 13
XHTML Tag RulesAll tags must be written in lower case.
Wrong: <HR> Right: <hr>
All tags must be closed:
Saturday, April 20, 13
XHTML Tag RulesAll tags must be written in lower case.
Wrong: <HR> Right: <hr>
All tags must be closed: <p> </p> or <br/>
Saturday, April 20, 13
XHTML Tag RulesAll tags must be written in lower case.
Wrong: <HR> Right: <hr>
All tags must be closed: <p> </p> or <br/>
All tag values must be enclosed in quotes.
Saturday, April 20, 13
XHTML Tag RulesAll tags must be written in lower case.
Wrong: <HR> Right: <hr>
All tags must be closed: <p> </p> or <br/>
All tag values must be enclosed in quotes. Wrong: <table border=1>
Saturday, April 20, 13
XHTML Tag RulesAll tags must be written in lower case.
Wrong: <HR> Right: <hr>
All tags must be closed: <p> </p> or <br/>
All tag values must be enclosed in quotes. Wrong: <table border=1> Right: <table border="1">
Saturday, April 20, 13
XHTML Tag RulesAll tags must be written in lower case.
Wrong: <HR> Right: <hr>
All tags must be closed: <p> </p> or <br/>
All tag values must be enclosed in quotes. Wrong: <table border=1> Right: <table border="1">
All tags must be properly nested.
Saturday, April 20, 13
XHTML Tag RulesAll tags must be written in lower case.
Wrong: <HR> Right: <hr>
All tags must be closed: <p> </p> or <br/>
All tag values must be enclosed in quotes. Wrong: <table border=1> Right: <table border="1">
All tags must be properly nested. Wrong: <strong><em>MSJC</strong></em>
Saturday, April 20, 13
XHTML Tag RulesAll tags must be written in lower case.
Wrong: <HR> Right: <hr>
All tags must be closed: <p> </p> or <br/>
All tag values must be enclosed in quotes. Wrong: <table border=1> Right: <table border="1">
All tags must be properly nested. Wrong: <strong><em>MSJC</strong></em> Right: <strong><em>MSJC</em></strong>
Saturday, April 20, 13
XHTML Tag RulesAll tags must be written in lower case.
Wrong: <HR> Right: <hr>
All tags must be closed: <p> </p> or <br/>
All tag values must be enclosed in quotes. Wrong: <table border=1> Right: <table border="1">
All tags must be properly nested. Wrong: <strong><em>MSJC</strong></em> Right: <strong><em>MSJC</em></strong>
There must be a DOCTYPE declaration.
Saturday, April 20, 13
XHTML Tag RulesAll tags must be written in lower case.
Wrong: <HR> Right: <hr>
All tags must be closed: <p> </p> or <br/>
All tag values must be enclosed in quotes. Wrong: <table border=1> Right: <table border="1">
All tags must be properly nested. Wrong: <strong><em>MSJC</strong></em> Right: <strong><em>MSJC</em></strong>
There must be a DOCTYPE declaration. NOTE: this does not follow the lowercase and closing
tag rules
Saturday, April 20, 13