HTP

X211/13/01

*X211/13/01* ©

PRODUCT DESIGNADVANCED HIGHER

100 marks are allocated to this paper.

Where appropriate you may use sketches to illustrate your answer.

For question 7, answer either 7(a) or 7(b).

N A T I O N A LQ U A L I F I C A T I O N S2 0 1 5

M O N D A Y , 2 5 M A Y9 . 0 0 A M – 1 2 . 0 0 N O O N

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Attempt ALL questions

1. The Active Tools 2K rowing shoes allow a rower’s feet to be locked in position while rowing.

EVA FoamPolypropylene

Clip

Toe Strap

Metal Fixing Plate

Designers have to consider manufacturing processes and materials during the design of products.

(a) (i) Discuss the issues associated with the manufacture of the shoes.

(ii) Justify two suitable manufacturing processes for manufacturing the fixing plate.

(iii) Justify a suitable material for the fixing plate.

The 2K rowing shoes are far removed from original rowing shoes and their development was only possible due to advances in materials and manufacturing technologies.

(b) Describe how advances in materials and manufacturing technologies have influenced the design of products with which you are familiar.

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2. The Bio Robot concept fridge is an energy efficient fridge that cools by using an odourless biopolymer gel that envelops the food.

The Bio Robot concept fridge is radically different both aesthetically and technologically from fridges currently on the market.

(a) Describe ways in which companies can reduce the risks associated with launching radically new products to the market.

The Bio Robot fridge uses an environmentally friendly biopolymer.

(b) Describe, with reference to products with which you are familiar, how products have evolved as a result of:

(i) problems with existing products;

(ii) government legislation;

(iii) economics;

(iv) companies attempting to maintain market share.

[Turn over

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3. The Portable Iron designed by Apostol Tnokovski allows the user to transform the “smart box” easily into a travel iron.

The development of the Portable Iron would be evaluated using a range of activities throughout the design process.

(a) Describe how the information generated from the use of each of the following may have influenced the design of the Portable Iron.

• Questionnaire

• Test Rig

• Desk Research

There is a clear difference in the balance between aesthetics and function of the Portable Iron and the Philips Travel Dry Iron, shown below.

(b) (i) Discuss the balance between aesthetics and function for each of the irons.

(ii) Describe how a designer could resolve the balance between aesthetics and function when designing products.

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4.

LifeStraw is an award-winning portable water filter developed in 2005, originally designed for the developing world by Vestergaard, a Swiss-based global company that develops products primarily for people in developing countries.

(a) (i) Justify three design issues which would be required to be researched in order to develop this product for the developing world.

(ii) Describe how these issues may have influenced the design and development of the LifeStraw.

The LifeStraw is now sold as a commercial product to a variety of users such as hikers, campers and adventurers.

(b) Describe the differences between marketing the LifeStraw for the developing world and for the commercial market.

LifeStraw can filter up to 1000 litres of water. If used daily for all of a person’s drinking water needs, it will last for about one year. The designer used this information when considering the obsolescence of the product.

(c) Explain how obsolescence influenced products with which you are familiar.

[Turn over

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5. The Green Fox Cart was designed in 2009 by Youn-il Lee as an alternative to a traditional street cleaning cart.

Green Fox Cart Traditional Cart

Trash Tongs

Keeping garbage bags

Length adjustment of

broom

Separate garbage collection bag

for recycle

Green Fox Cart details

Ergonomics is one of the many issues considered during the design of the Green Fox Cart.

(a) Describe how different aspects of ergonomics may have influenced the design of the Green Fox Cart.

It is important that the cost of the Green Fox Cart is kept to a minimum.

(b) Describe how the following could impact on the cost of the Green Fox Cart:

• standard components;

• production methods;

• assembly methods.

Design issues frequently conflict with each other and balancing these issues is an integral part of the design process.

(c) Describe how environmental issues have created conflict in the design of products with which you are familiar.

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6. The “Folding Plug” by Min-Kyu Choi is a redesign of the British plug.

This is a radical change to the British plug which has remained largely unchanged for almost 70 years.

(a) Explain the opportunities and challenges radical changes present to manufacturers.

A wide range of realisation techniques have been used during the design and development of the “Folding Plug”.

(b) (i) Explain the advantages CAD may have offered during the design and development of the “Folding Plug”.

(ii) Explain the advantages rapid prototyping may have offered the designer when developing the “Folding Plug”.

The design of the “Folding Plug” was prompted by society’s desire for slim line products.

(c) Describe the impact recent changes in society have had on products with which you are familiar.

Min-Kyu Choi needed to protect his design idea.

(d) Explain how a designer can protect their intellectual property rights.

[Turn over for Question 7 on Page eight

Marks

(12)

(12)

7. Answer either Question 7(a) or 7(b).

(a) “An essential aspect of creativity is not being afraid to fail.” Dr Edwin Land

Exploration of ideas is vital in the development of design proposals and may often lead to dead ends or result in ideas being discarded. Describe different methods of evaluating ideas. Your description should include the advantages and disadvantages of each and details of where it is appropriate.

You should use a range of examples to support your answer.

OR

(b) “A design isn’t finished until somebody is using it.” Brenda Laurel

A well designed product can still fail in the market for a number of reasons. Discuss possible reasons for product failure and suggest strategies which could be employed to avoid failure.

You should use a range of examples to support your answer.

[END OF QUESTION PAPER]

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Question 1 – Images of Active Tools 2K rowing shoes are reproduced by kind permission of Active Tools.

Question 2 – Images of the Design Lab concept Biorobotic Refrigerator are reproduced by kind permission of Electrolux Design Lab.

Question 3(a) – Images of The Portable Iron designed by Apostol Tnokovski are reproduced by kind permission of Apostol Tnokovski.

Question 3(b) – Images of the Philips “Stewardess” Travel Dry Iron are reproduced by kind permission of Philips Electronics UK Ltd.

Question 4 – Images of The LifeStraw by Vestergaard. Reproduced by kind permission of LifeStraw SA, a company of the Vestergaard group of companies (“Vestergaard”).

Question 5 – Images of the Hi Seoul “Green Fox Cart” designed by Youn-il Lee.

SQA has made every effort to trace the owners of copyright materials reproduced in this question paper, and seek permissions. We will be happy to incorporate any missing acknowledgements. Please contact Janine.Anderson@sqa.org.uk.

Question 5 – Images of traditional street cleaning cart are taken from www.funkypancake.com/blog/archives/2004/11/street-cleaning-1.html. Reproduced by permission of Dave Simpson.

Question 6 – Images of “The Folding Plug” designed by Min-Kyu Choi.

SQA has made every effort to trace the owners of copyright materials reproduced in this question paper, and seek permissions. We will be happy to incorporate any missing acknowledgements. Please contact Janine.Anderson@sqa.org.uk.