X-ray Pump-Probe (WBS 1.2) David Fritz

David [email protected]

LUSI DOE Review July 23, 2007XPP (WBS 1.2) 1

X-ray Pump-Probe(WBS 1.2)

David Fritz

X-ray Pump-Probe(WBS 1.2)

David Fritz

System Specifications System DescriptionWBSEarly ScienceSchedule and CostsSummary

System Specifications System DescriptionWBSEarly ScienceSchedule and CostsSummary



Science TeamScience Team

Specifications and instrument concept developed with the science team.

The XPP team leadersKelly Gaffney, Photon Science, SLAC (leader)Jorgen Larsson, Lund Institute of Technology, SwedenDavid Reis, University of MichiganThomas Tschentscher, DESY, Germany

Specifications and instrument concept developed with the science team.

The XPP team leadersKelly Gaffney, Photon Science, SLAC (leader)Jorgen Larsson, Lund Institute of Technology, SwedenDavid Reis, University of MichiganThomas Tschentscher, DESY, Germany



X-ray Pump-Probe ScienceX-ray Pump-Probe Science

Phase TransitionsOrder / Disorder Metal/Insulator Phonon Dynamics

Charge Transfer Reactions

PhotosynthesisPhotovoltaicsVision

Photoactive Proteins

Phase TransitionsOrder / Disorder Metal/Insulator Phonon Dynamics

Charge Transfer Reactions

PhotosynthesisPhotovoltaicsVision

Photoactive Proteins

photo-excitation

Stampfli and Bennemann Phys. Rev. B 49, 7299 (1994)

photo-excitation



Time Resolved ScatteringTime Resolved Scattering



Ultrafast Hard X-ray Sources to DateUltrafast Hard X-ray Sources to Date

3rd Generation Synchrotrons (APS)~ 1 x 10 9 photons/second coincident with a 1 kHz Laser100 ps pulse duration

Slicing Source~ 1 x 10 6 photons/second coincident with a 1 kHz Laser100 fs pulse duration

Laser Plasma Source~ 1 x 10 5 photons/second collected at 10 Hz300 fs pulse duration

Sub-Picosecond Pulse Source~ 1 x 10 7 photons/second coincident with a 10 Hz Laser100 fs pulse duration

3rd Generation Synchrotrons (APS)~ 1 x 10 9 photons/second coincident with a 1 kHz Laser100 ps pulse duration

Slicing Source~ 1 x 10 6 photons/second coincident with a 1 kHz Laser100 fs pulse duration

Laser Plasma Source~ 1 x 10 5 photons/second collected at 10 Hz300 fs pulse duration

Sub-Picosecond Pulse Source~ 1 x 10 7 photons/second coincident with a 10 Hz Laser100 fs pulse duration



Ultrafast X-ray Science to DateUltrafast X-ray Science to Date

Limited to slow processes ( > 100 ps)or

X-ray diffraction from single crystals

Limited to slow processes ( > 100 ps)or

X-ray diffraction from single crystals

Large Amplitude Coherent Phonons

-500 0 500 1000 1500 2000

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

t (fs)

norm

aliz

ed d

iffr

acti

on in

tens

ity (220)

(111)

Non-thermal Melting of Semiconductors

20 minute acquisition at SPPSSingle Shot at SPPS



XPP SCOPE - WBS 1.2XPP SCOPE - WBS 1.2

Scope/CD-1 Estimate Includes:Physics support & engineering integration

X-ray optics – monochromator, focusing optics, slit systems, attenuators

Ultrafast laser system

Detectors - 2D detector from BNL by MOU, Emission Spectrometer

Sample environments - diffractometer system, thermal environments, vacuum environment

Laboratory facilities

Vacuum system

Installation

Diagnostics (WBS 1.5)

Controls and data system (WBS 1.6)



System SpecificationsSystem Specifications

Item Purpose Specification

Monochromator

Narrow x-ray spectrum,multiplex LCLS Beam

600 mm horizontal offset, 9°-50° scattering range,0.02 arcsec angular res. and repeat.

Focusing opticsReduces beam size,maximize on sample

flux10 - 60 µm variable spot size

Laser systemPhotoexcitation of samples

< 50 fs, 20 mJ/Pulse, 800 nm, wavelength tunable, temporal pulse shaping capable

X-ray diffractometer

Sample orientation,Positioning of detector

Orientation in all degrees of freedomDetector positioning acc. and res. < 90 µmOperation in direct and mono. beam

DetectorMeasure of diffraction patterns

2D,1024 x 1024 pixels, 9090 µm pixel

size, 120 Hz, 10 4 dynamic range, variable gain



X-ray Pump-Probe Instrument

OffsetMonochromator

Laser System(Fundamental)

X-rayDiffractometer& BNL Detector

WavelengthConversion

Small AngleScattering

X-ray Opticsand Diagnostics



XPP System Description XPP System Description

1.2.1 Physics support and engineering integration1.2.2 X-ray optics1.2.3 Laser system1.2.4 Detector1.2.5 Sample environments1.2.6 Laboratory facilities1.2.7 Vacuum system1.2.8 Installation

1.2.1 Physics support and engineering integration1.2.2 X-ray optics1.2.3 Laser system1.2.4 Detector1.2.5 Sample environments1.2.6 Laboratory facilities1.2.7 Vacuum system1.2.8 Installation



X-ray Pump-Probe System Description (2)X-ray Pump-Probe System Description (2)

1.2.2 X-ray opticsMonochromator

Thin crystalsBe lensSlitsAttenuators

1.2.2 X-ray opticsMonochromator

Thin crystalsBe lensSlitsAttenuators

Parameter Value

Energy Range 6 – 24 keV

Horizontal Offset 600 mm

Scattering Angle 90 - 500

Accuracy 0.02 arcsec

χ Accuracy 4 arcsec



1.2.3 Femtosecond laser system (similar to LCLS gun laser)Ti:Sapphire based system

Up to 20 mJ/pulse (<1.5 % rms stability) , < 50 fs, 800 nm, 120 HzSynchronized to LCLS RF ( <300 fs rms integrated jitter)

Wavelength tunableHarmonic generation (400 nm, 266 nm)Parametric amplification (240 nm – 11,000 nm)

Temporal pulse shaperDiagnostics

Energy, wavelength, temporal profile, contrast, spatial profile

1.2.4 Detectors 2D Detector (BNL)

1024 x 1024 pixels 90 micron pixel size10 4 dynamic range120 Hz readout rate

X-ray Emission Spectrometer100 eV dynamic range1 eV resolutionHigh collection efficiency

1.2.3 Femtosecond laser system (similar to LCLS gun laser)Ti:Sapphire based system

Up to 20 mJ/pulse (<1.5 % rms stability) , < 50 fs, 800 nm, 120 HzSynchronized to LCLS RF ( <300 fs rms integrated jitter)

Wavelength tunableHarmonic generation (400 nm, 266 nm)Parametric amplification (240 nm – 11,000 nm)

Temporal pulse shaperDiagnostics

Energy, wavelength, temporal profile, contrast, spatial profile

1.2.4 Detectors 2D Detector (BNL)

1024 x 1024 pixels 90 micron pixel size10 4 dynamic range120 Hz readout rate

X-ray Emission Spectrometer100 eV dynamic range1 eV resolutionHigh collection efficiency




1.2.5 Sample environmentsX-ray diffractometer

Operate in both direct and monochromatic beamDetector motion about a spherical surface centered at sample

Cryostat X-ray and optical window (collinear and non-collinear geometry)Decoupled sample motion from vacuum shroud Cryostream

Liquid jetVacuum chamber

1.2.5 Sample environmentsX-ray diffractometer

Operate in both direct and monochromatic beamDetector motion about a spherical surface centered at sample

Cryostat X-ray and optical window (collinear and non-collinear geometry)Decoupled sample motion from vacuum shroud Cryostream

Liquid jetVacuum chamber




1.2.6 Laboratory facilities1.2.7 Vacuum system1.2.8 Installation

1.2.6 Laboratory facilities1.2.7 Vacuum system1.2.8 Installation




1.2 WBS1.2 WBS1.2

X-ray Pump-Probe

1.2.1 Physics SupportEng. Integration

1.2.2X-ray Optics

1.2.3Laser System

1.2.4Detector System

1.2.5Sample

Environments

1.2.2.1Monochromator

1.2.3.1Oscillator

1.2.5.1Diffractometer

1.2.2.2Be Lenses

1.2.2.3Slit System

1.2.2.4 Attenuators

Filters

1.2.2.5Collimator

1.2.3.2Amplifier

1.2.3.3Pulse Shaper

1.2.3.4Optics &

Optomechanics

1.2.5.2Cryostat Systems

1.2.6Lab Facilities

1.2.7Vacuum

1.2.3.5Vacuum Transport

1.2.3.6Laser Diagnostics

1.2.3.7Hutch

Optical Tables

1.2.3.8Laser Timing

1.2.3.9Optical Exp.Hardware

1.2.3.10Laser Containment

1.2.3.11Optical Parametric

Amplifier

1.2.8Installation

1.2.5.3Liquid Jet

1.2.5.4Vacuum Chamber

1.2.4.12D Detector

1.2.4.2Emission

Spectrometer

1.2.8.1Non-recurring Engineering

1.2.8.2Installation LCLS

CD-4a

1.2.8.3Installation LCLS

CD-4b

1.2.8.4Complete

\Installation LUSI CD-4

1.2.3.12Laser Lab

Optical Tables

1.2.6.1Electrical

1.2.6.2Control Room

Furniture

1.2.6.3Hutch Furniture

1.2.6.4Radiation Physics

1.2.7.1Vacuum Hardware

1.2.7.2Bellows

1.2.7.3Spools

1.2.7.4Vacuum Supports



CD 4a XPP InstrumentationCD 4a XPP Instrumentation

LCLS AMO Laser

X-rayDiffractometer

X-ray Opticsand Diagnostics

Detector



CD 4a XPP ScienceCD 4a XPP Science

Non-thermal melting and large amplitude coherent phononsNatural extension to research performed at SPPSCharacterize source and instrument capabilities

Interaction of FEL with solid state matter as soon as LCLS reaches saturation

Non-thermal melting and large amplitude coherent phononsNatural extension to research performed at SPPSCharacterize source and instrument capabilities

Interaction of FEL with solid state matter as soon as LCLS reaches saturation

Early experimental techniquesTime-resolved diffractionTime-resolved diffuse scattering~ 100 fs temporal resolution

Early experimental techniquesTime-resolved diffractionTime-resolved diffuse scattering~ 100 fs temporal resolution



XPP Schedule in Primavera 3.1XPP Schedule in Primavera 3.1



XPP MilestonesXPP Milestones

CD-1 Aug 01, 07Conceptual Design Complete Sep 21, 07CD-2a Dec 03, 07CD-3a Jul 21, 08Phase I Final Design Complete Oct 15, 08Receive Diffractometer Feb 19, 09Receive Focusing Lenses Feb 27, 09Receive Laser Optics and Diagnostics Mar 18, 09Phase I Installation Complete Oct 01, 09Install BNL XPP Detector Nov 03, 09CD-4a Feb 08, 10

CD-1 Aug 01, 07Conceptual Design Complete Sep 21, 07CD-2a Dec 03, 07CD-3a Jul 21, 08Phase I Final Design Complete Oct 15, 08Receive Diffractometer Feb 19, 09Receive Focusing Lenses Feb 27, 09Receive Laser Optics and Diagnostics Mar 18, 09Phase I Installation Complete Oct 01, 09Install BNL XPP Detector Nov 03, 09CD-4a Feb 08, 10



XPP Cost Estimate XPP Cost Estimate

Direct Cost $7,916.9PED $1,500.0MS&T $5,656.9ASSY $760.0

Indirect Cost $1,390.0Escalation $760.0Total Cost $10,066.9

Associated Contingency 30.3%



SummarySummary

Instrument concept is advanced100% of Letters of Intent are represented in instrument conceptStanding monthly meeting with XPP team

Instrument concept is based on proven developments made at SPPS and SR sourcesInitial specifications well developedReady to proceed with baseline cost and schedule development

Instrument concept is advanced100% of Letters of Intent are represented in instrument conceptStanding monthly meeting with XPP team

Instrument concept is based on proven developments made at SPPS and SR sourcesInitial specifications well developedReady to proceed with baseline cost and schedule development

X-ray Pump-Probe (WBS 1.2) David Fritz

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