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Computer Capsule for IBPS CWE 2013 www.yuvayana.com This Document is specially created for the aspirants of IBPS CWE to providing a quick overview on Computer Awareness. Hope you will be able to attempt as much as possible questions after reading this.

2013

By: Team Yuvayana

Computer Capsule for IBPS 2013 http://www.yuvayana.com/

Content

1. Basics of Computer

2. Peripheral Devices

3. Computer Memory

4. Communication Protocol

5. MS Word

6. MS Excel

7. Abbreviations


Basics Of Computer

Computer is an electronic device which accepts data as input, performs processing on the data, and

gives the desired output. A computer may be analog or digital computer.

1. Generations of computer

First generation (1940 to 1956): Using vacuum tubes

Second generation (1956 to 1963): Using transistors

Third generation (1964 to 1971): Using integrated circuits

Fourth generation (1971 to present): Using microprocessors

Fifth generation (present and next): Using artificial intelligence.

2. Classification of computer

Microcomputers (desktop computer or Personal Computer (PC),

notebook computers or laptop,

net book,

tablet computer,

handheld computer or Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), smart phones),

minicomputers,

mainframe computers,

supercomputers

3. Computer system

Hardware

software

data

users

4. Components of computer hardware

Input/output unit,

central processing unit,

storage unit

5. Application of computers

Education,

entertainment

sports

advertising

medicine

science and engineering

government

home


6. A digital computer uses distinct values to represent the data internally. All information are

represented using the digits 0s and 1s. The computers that we use at our homes and offices are

digital computers.

7. Analog computer is another kind of a computer that represents data as variable across a

continuous range of values. The earliest computers were analog computers. Analog computers

are used for measuring of parameters that vary continuously in real time, such as temperature,

pressure and voltage.

8. Characteristics of Computer

Speed

Accuracy

Diligence

Storage Capability

Versatility

9. History of Computer

Calculating Machines :-ABACUS was the first mechanical calculating device for counting of large

numbers. The word ABACUS means calculating board.

Napier’s Bones was a mechanical device built for the purpose of multiplication in 1617 AD. by

an English mathematician John Napier.

Slide Rule was developed by an English mathematician Edmund Gunter in the 16th century.

Using the slide rule, one could perform operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication and

division.

Neibniz’s Multiplication and Dividing Machine was a mechanical device that could both

multiply and divide. The German philosopher and mathematician Gottfried Leibniz built it

around 1673.

Pascal’s Adding and Subtraction Machine was developed by Blaise Pascal. It could add and

subtract. The machine consisted of wheels, gears and cylinders.

Punch Card System was developed by Jacquard to control the power loom in 1801. He invented

the punched card reader that could recognize the presence of hole in the punched card as

binary one and the absence of the hole as binary zero. The 0s and 1s are the basis of the modern

digital computer.

Generation of Computers:-

10. First generation computers were vacuum tubes based machines. These were large in size,

expensive to operate and instructions were written in machine language. Their computation

time was in milliseconds.

11. Second generation computers were transistor based machines. They used the stored program

concept. Programs were written in assembly language. They were smaller in size, less expensive

and required less maintenance than the first generation computers.


12. Third generation computers were characterized by the use of IC. They consumed less power

and required low maintenance compared to their predecessors. High-level languages were used

for programming. The computation time was in nanoseconds.

13. Fourth generation computers used microprocessors which were designed using the LSI and VLSI

technology. The computers became small, portable, reliable and cheap. The computation time is

in picoseconds.

14. Fifth generation computers are capable of learning and self organization. These computers use

SLSI chips and have large memory requirements. They use parallel processing and are based on

AI. The fifth generation computers are still being developed.

Classification of Computers:-

15. Microcomputers are small, low-cost and single-user digital computer. They consist of CPU, input

unit, output unit, storage unit and the software. Although microcomputers are stand-alone

machines, they can be connected together to create a network of computers that can serve

more than one user.

Desktop Computer or Personal Computer (PC) is the most common type of microcomputer. It is

a stand-alone machine that can be placed on the desk.

Notebook Computers or Laptop resemble a notebook. They are portable and have all the

features of a desktop computer. The advantage of the laptop is that it is small in size (can be put

inside a briefcase), can be carried anywhere, has a battery backup and has all the functionality

of the desktop.

Netbook are smaller notebooks optimized for low weight and low cost, and are designed for

accessing web-based applications.

Tablet Computer has features of the notebook computer but it can accept input from a stylus or

a pen instead of the keyboard or mouse.

Handheld Computer or Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) is a small computer that can be held on

the top of the palm. It is small in size. Instead of the keyboard, PDA uses a pen or a stylus for

input. PDAs do not have a disk drive. They have a limited memory and are less powerful.

Smart Phones are cellular phones that function both as a phone and as a small PC. They may

use a stylus or a pen, or may have a small keyboard.

16. Minicomputers are digital computers, generally used in multi-user systems. They have high

processing speed and high storage capacity than the microcomputers. Minicomputers can

support 4–200 users simultaneously.

17. Mainframe computers are multi-user, multi-programming and high performance computers.

They operate at a very high speed, have very large storage capacity and can handle the

workload of many users. Mainframe computers are large and powerful systems generally used

in centralized databases.

18. Supercomputers are the fastest and the most expensive machines. They have high processing

speed compared to other computers. The speed of a supercomputer is generally measured in

FLOPS (Floating point Operations Per Second).


19. Computer System:-

Hardware consists of the mechanical parts that make up the computer as a machine. The

hardware consists of physical devices of the computer. The devices are required for input,

output, storage and processing of the data. Keyboard, monitor, hard disk drive, floppy disk

drive, printer, processor and motherboard are some of the hardware devices.

Software is a set of instructions that tells the computer about the tasks to be performed and

how these tasks are to be performed.

Program is a set of instructions, written in a language understood by the computer, to perform a

specific task.

Data are isolated values or raw facts, which by themselves have no much significance.

Users are people who write computer programs or interact with the computer.

20. Computer Process:-

Input -Process-Output.

Input The computer accepts input data from the user via an input device like keyboard. The

input data can be characters, word, text, sound, images, document, etc.

Process The computer processes the input data. For this, it performs some actions on the data

by using the instructions or program given by the user of the data.

The output is the result generated after the processing of data. The output may be in the form

of text, sound, image, document, etc.

Computer Component:-

21. Central Processing Unit (CPU) or the processor is also often called the brain of computer. CPU

consists of Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) and Control Unit (CU). In addition, CPU also has a set of

registers which are temporary storage areas for holding data, and instructions.

ALU performs the arithmetic and logic operations on the data that is made available to it.

22. The memory unit consists of cache memory and primary memory. Primary memory or main

memory of the computer is used to store the data and instructions during execution of the

instructions. Random Access Memory (RAM) and Read Only Memory (ROM) are the primary

memory.

23. Instruction Set is a part of the computer architecture. It relates to programming, instructions,

registers, addressing modes, memory architecture, etc.

Instruction Cycle :-

o Fetching- Decoding-Executing

o The processor fetches the instruction from the memory. The fetched instruction is

placed in the Instruction Register. Program Counter holds the address of next

instruction to be fetched and is incremented after each fetch.

o Decoding The instruction that is fetched is broken down into parts or decoded. The

instruction is translated into commands so that they correspond to those in the CPU’s

instruction set.


o Executing The decoded instruction or the command is executed. CPU performs the

operation implied by the program instruction. For example, if it is an ADD instruction,

addition is performed.

o Storing CPU writes back the results of execution, to the computer’s memory.

24. Microprocessor (µP) - is the computers central processing unit on a single intergrated circuit

or most a few integrated circuits. All modern CPUs are microprocessors making the micro- prefix

redundant.

The microprocessor is a multipurpose, programmable device that accepts digital data as input,

processes it according to instructions stored in its memory, and provides results as output.

First Commercial microprocessor was introduced by INTEL , named as INTEL 4004 a 4 Bit

microprocessor.

o CISC- Complex Instruction Set Computing.

o RISC - Reduced Instruction Set Computing.

The data to be transferred is carried by the data bus.

The address of I/O device or memory is carried by the address bus.

The command to access the memory or the I/O device is carried by the control bus.

Number System(25-28):-

25. Decimal number system has 10 digits—0 to 9, the maximum digit being 9.

Base is 10.

26. Hexadecimal number system has sixteen digits—0 to 9, A, B, C, D, E, F, where (A is for 10, B is

for 11, C—12, D—13, E—14, F—15).

Base is 16.

27. Binary Number system has 2 digits - 0 and 1.

Base is 2.

28. Octal Number system has 8 digits - 0 to 7.

Base is 8.

29. Sign bit is the most significant bit. The sign bit is 1 and 0 for a positive number and negative

number, respectively.

30. BCDIC is a 8-bit code with 256 different representations of characters. It is mainly used in

mainframe computers.

31. ASCII-8 is a 8-bit code and allows 256 characters to be represented. ASCII is widely to represent

data in computers, internally.

32. Logic gate is the hardware electronic circuit that operates on input signals to produce output

signal. AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR, XOR and XNOR are some of the logic gates.


Software:-

33. System software provides basic functionality to the computer. System software is required for

the working of computer itself. The user of computer does not need to be aware about the

functioning of system software, while using the computer.

34. Application Software is the software that a user uses for accomplishing a specific task is the

application software. Application software may be a single program or a set of programs.

35. Software Acquisition:-

Retail software is off-the-shelf software sold in retail stores. It comes with printed manuals and

installation instructions. For example, Microsoft Windows operating system.

OEM Software stands for “Original Equipment Manufacturer” software. It refers to software

which is sold, and bundled with hardware.

Demo Software is designed to demonstrate what a purchased version of the software is capable

of doing and provides a restricted set of features.

Shareware is a program that the user is allowed to try for free, for a specified period of time, as

defined in the license. It is downloadable from the Internet.

Freeware is software that is free for personal use. It is downloadable from the Internet. The

commercial use of this software may require a paid license.

Public Domain Software is free software. Unlike freeware, public domain software does not

have a copyright owner or license restrictions. The source code is publicly available for anyone

to use. Public domain software can be modified by the user.

Open-Source Software is software whose source code is available and can be customized and

altered within the specified guidelines laid down by the creator.


Peripheral Devices

1. A peripheral is generally defined as any auxiliary device such as a computer mouse or keyboard,

that connects to and works with the computer in some way.

2. It mainly divided in

Input

Output

Storage

Input/ Output

3. Input is the device using which we enter data into the computer is called an input device.

o Mouse

o Keyboard

o Joystick

o Trackball

o Microphone

o Light Pen ( Laser Pen)

o Barcode Reader

o Digital Camera

o Scanner

o Optical Character Recognizer

o Magnetic Ink Character Recognizer

o Optical Mark Recognizer

4. Mouse is a pointing device that rolls on the flat surface. It consists a small case, held under one

of the user’s hands, with one or more buttons and connected to the computer with a cord.

o Mechanical Mouse

o Optical Mouse

o Laser Mouse

5. Keyboard is an arrangement of buttons or keys and can be got by pressing a combination of

keys simultaneously.

6. While working with a keyboard you will notice a bright flashing line on screen. This is called the

cursor.


7. Joystick is also a pointing device like the mouse. It consists of a stick that pivots on a spherical

ball on its base. As the stick moves, the angle and direction is recorded and the cursor on the

screen also moves accordingly.

8. A trackball is the pointing device used just like a mouse. In fact, it looks like an inverted mouse

with a protruding ball on top housed in a socket. The user roll the ball with the finger directly to

move a cursor.

9. A microphone is a device for voice or sound input. User can record sound, music, narration and

other sound effects and can directly use them on computer.

10. A light pen is a pointing device that looks like a pen and is connected to the monitor (VDU). The

tip of the light pen contains a light sensitive element. When the tip of the light pen is placed

against the screen, it detects the light from the screen. Then the computer identifies the

location of the pen on the screen.

11. A barcode reader is a machine- readable representation of information in the form of strips of

dark and light ink. You can see barcode on most of packaged products, books, magazines etc.

12. The Barcode is formed by the several lines and Barcodes can be read by special optical scanner

called barcode reader. This is also a kind of mark reader.

13. A Digital camera is a camera that takes video or still photographs or both, digitally. Many

compact digital still cameras can record sound and moving video as well.

14. A scanner is an input device for digital image input. It optically scans and copies pictures,

printed text, handwriting, directly into the computer.

15. Optical Character Recognition helps in the conversion of images of handwritten or printed text

on paper to machine editable text.

16. An OCR uses a light source to read the characters and then convert them to electrical pulses.

17. Magnetic Ink Character Recognition (MICR) is a character recognition technology mainly used

by the banking industry for the processing of cheques and drafts.

18. OMR is a process of capturing data made by dark and light marks on specific positions on the

paper. An OMR system doesn’t interpret letters, but only looks for the marks on special forms.

For Detail :- http://www.yuvayana.com/2013/11/computer-input-devices-introduction/

19. Output :- The processed result or information given by the computer system is called output.

o Visual Display Unit (VDU)


o Printers

o Plotter

o Speakers

o Robots & Machine Tools

20. Any hardware equipment that gives output is generated by the computer is called an output

device.

21. A visual Display Unit (VDU) also called monitor or screen gives output as visual display.

22. The output displayed on the monitor is called soft copy because images displayed on the screen

are temporary, and do not last forever.

For Detail :- http://www.yuvayana.com/2013/11/computer-output-devices-introduction/

23. A printer is an output device that prints out information in the computer onto a paper.

24. The two main type of Printers are

Impact Printer

Non- Impact Printer

25. Impact Printer involve physical contact of the print head containing a number of metal pins on

the printing surface.

26. Line printers, serial printers are impact printers.

27. Non- Impact Printer use technologies like laser, inkjet, thermal etc. for printing . There is no

physical contact between the print heads and the printing surface.

28. Laser printer, Thermal Printer and Ink Jet printer are the example of Non impact printer.

29. Plotters are special output devices that produce output on paper or paper or polyester films (

Hard Copy).

30. Plotter are further divided in

Pen Plotter

Electronic Plotter

Inkjet Plotter

31. Speakers are output devices that give sound output. They have a low-power internal amplifier.

32. Laptop computer come with internal speakers due to the restricted space.

33. Robots are able to perform a variety of tasks by executing instructions supplied in the form of a

pre-recorded program.


Storage :-

34. Devices that are used to store the data and connected externally known as Storage Peripheral.

35. Some Examples are

o External Hard Drive

o Flash drive

o Disk Drive

o Smartphone interface

o CD - ROM

o DVD - ROM

o Other

Input/ Output:-

36. Devices that are used for both input and output are known as Input/ Output peripheral devices.

37. Some Examples are

o MODEM

o Network Interface controller (NIC)

o Touch Screen

38. A modem (modulator-demodulator) is a device that modulates an analog carrier signal to

encode digital information, and also demodulates such a carrier signal to decode the

transmitted information.

39. Network Interface controller (NIC) also known as a network interface card, network adapter,

LAN adapter.

40. Network Interface controller (NIC) is a computer hardware component that connects a

computer to a computer network.


Memory

1. A physical device that stores the data in any computer , laptop , mobile or other electronic

gadget is called as the memory device or memory of the system.

2. Computer memory is divided in Following types:-

RAM - Random Access Memory

o S- RAM (Static Random Access Memory)

o D-RAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory)

o P-RAM (Phase change Random Access Memory)

ROM - Read Only Memory

o PROM (Programmable Read Only Memory)

o EPROM (Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory)

o EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Read Only Memory)

o CD-ROM ( Compact Disk Erasable Read Only Memory)

Content-Addressable Memories : Content-addressable memory, or CAM, performs high-speed

searches. CAM compares and analyzes data vector patterns with a binary hit or no-hit

comparison until the most fitting information is returned as an output.

Sequentially Accessible Memory :- SAM, resides in hard drives and CD-ROMS. In hard drives,

magnetic impulses are recorded on platters containing a ferromagnetic material. Essentially, the

discs are divided into tracks and sectors, with information recorded, erased and rerecorded on

the platters in sectors.

For Detail - http://www.yuvayana.com/2013/08/computer-memory-unit/

3. RAM is a volatile memory i.e. It's can’t retain the data after power supply switched off or you

can say it’s lost the stored the data when the power switched off.

4. ROM is a non-volatile memory i.e. it retains its data even power switched off.

For Detail - http://www.yuvayana.com/2013/09/read-only-memory-rom/


5. Memory Units :-

1 Bit = Binary Digit

8 Bits = 1 Byte

1024 Bytes = 1 Kilo Byte (KB)

1024 KB = 1 MEGA Byte ( MB)

1024 MB = 1 Giga Byte (GB)

1024 GB = 1 Terra Byte (TB)

1024 TB = 1 Peta Byte (PB)

1024 PB = 1 Exa Byte (EB)

1024 EB = 1 Zeta Byte (ZB)

1024 ZB = 1 Yotta Byte (YB)

1024 YB = 1 Bronto Byte (BB)

1024 BB = 1 Geop Byte

For Practice Test - http://www.yuvayana.com/2013/10/computer-practice-test-2/

6. Programmable ROM (PROM): This is a type of ROM invented in 1956 that can be programmed

only once means user can write , but only once.

7. Erasable Programmable ROM (EPROM): An Erasable Programmable read only memory is a ROM

that can be erased and reprogrammed. A little glass window is installed in the top of the

memory package, through which you can actually see the chip that holds the memory.

UV(Ultraviolet light) of a specific frequency can be shined through this window for a specified

period of time, which will erase the EPROM and allow it to be reprogrammed again.

8. Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM (EEPROM) is the most flexible type of ROM, and is

now commonly used for holding BIOS programs.

9. EEPROM can be erased under software control.

10. Bit is the smallest memory unit.

11. Geop Byte is the highest memory unit.

12. Flip flop is the smallest memory device.

13. Cache memory is the fastest memory of Computer.

14. Pen Drive, external hard disk are the slowest memory of computer.

15. CD ( Compact Disk ) is the cheapest memory devices.


16. Register is a set of Flip-Flops

17. A shift Register organized to allow to move left or right operations.

18. Semiconductor memories have the fastest access time among Magnetic Disks, Magnetics

Tapes, Compact Disks.

19. CD-ROM is an optical disk that can only be read and not written on. It has high-storage density

and is a low-cost device compared to floppy disk and hard disk.

20. CD-ROM is the read only memory.

21. DVD-ROM is a high-density optical storage device which stores data on both sides of the disk. It

is used to store a full-length movie.

22. Primary storage devices referred to internal memory, main memory, and primary memory.

23. Primary storage is a storage location that holds memory for short periods of times while the

computer running.

24. RAM and Cache are the example of Primary memory.

25. Secondary storage devices referred as external memory and auxiliary storage, secondary

storage.

26. Secondary storage stores the information or data until it is deleted or overwritten.

27. Offline Storage is describe any storage that is removable and cannot be accessed by the

computer once removed.

28. Compact disk abbreviated as CD.

29. Compact disc is a flat, round storage medium that is read by a laser in a CD-ROM drive.

30. Magnetic tapes are inexpensive, can store a large amount of data, are easy to transport, are

slow access device, and are suitable for back-up storage.

31. A USB flash drive is a data storage device that includes flash memory with an integrated

Universal Serial Bus (USB) interface.

32. Magnetic disks are cheap storage device, can store a large amount of data, are easy to carry, are

suitable for frequently read/write data and are fast access device.

33. Floppy disk is a flat, round, single disk enclosed in a jacket. It is portable, small, inexpensive and

slower to access than hard disk. It comes in two basic sizes—5-¼ inch and 3-½ inch.

34. Hard disk is a fixed disk and can store much more data than floppy disk. Hard disk is the key

secondary storage device of computer.

35. Zip disk have the speed and capacity of hard disk and portability of floppy disk.


36. Optical disk consists of a single spiral track that starts from the edge to the centre of disk. It can

store large amount of data in small space.

37. Flash memory is a kind of semiconductor-based non-volatile, rewritable computer memory. It is

used in digital camera, mobile phone, printer, laptop computer, and MP3 player etc.

38. Example of USB flash drive is Pen Drive.

39. Recordable optical disks are CD-R, CD-RW and DVD-R.

40. A byte can represent up to 256. (0 -255)

41. BIOS is stored in ROM and is used as an interface between the operating system and the

motherboard..

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Communication Protocol

1. Communication Protocol :- In computer science, a set of rules or procedures for transmitting

data between electronic devices, such as computers.

2. A communications protocol is a system of digital rules for message exchange within or between

computers

3. Common Type of Protocol

o Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)

o Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP)

o User Datagram Protocol (UDP)

o Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)

o Post Office Protocol (POP3)

o Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP)

o File Transfer Protocol (FTP)

4. TCP provides a communication service at an intermediate level between an application program

and the Internet Protocol (IP).

5. Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) is used by network devices, like routers, to send

error messages indicating.

6. UDP (User Datagram Protocol) is a communications protocol that offers a limited amount of

service when messages are exchanged between computers in a network that uses the Internet

Protocol (IP).

7. UDP is the alternate of TCP.

8. Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is the backbone of the World Wide Web. HTTP is the

language that each web browser (or other web client) uses to communicate with servers around

the world

9. HTTP is the foundation of data communication for the World Wide Web.

10. File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is a standard network protocol used to transfer files from one host

to another host over a TCP-based network, such as the Internet.


MS Word

1. Microsoft Word is a word processor developed by Microsoft.

2. It was first released in 1983 under the name Multi-Tool Word for Xenix systems.

3. It was developed for Windows operating system but now a days it is available for maximum

OS.

4. WordArt enables drawing text in a Microsoft Word document such as a title, watermark, or

other text, with graphical effects such as skewing, shadowing, rotating, stretching in a variety

of shapes and colors and even including three-dimensional effects.

5. A Macro is a rule of pattern that specifies how a certain input sequence or a sequence of

characters should be mapped to an output sequence according to defined process.

6. Password Protection

password to open a document

password to modify a document

password restricting formatting and editing

7. Password Key Length

Word 95 - 16 bit

Word 97 - 40 bit

Word 2000 - 40 bit

word 2003 - 40 bit

Word 2007 - 128 bit

word 2010 - 128 bit

8. Different version for Windows

Word 1.0

Word 1.1

word 1.1a

word 2.0

word 6.0

word 95


word 97

word 98

word 2000

word 2002

word 2003

word 2007

word 2010

word 2013

9. Default name of the word file will always be Doucment1.

10. Shortcuts

Cut - Ctrl + X

Paste - Ctrl + V

copy - Ctrl +C

Find - Ctrl + F

Replace- Ctrl + H

Go to - Ctrl +G

Text Bold - Ctrl + B

Text Italic - Ctrl + I

Text Underline - Ctrl + U

Subscript - Ctrl + =

Superscript - Ctrl + shift + +

Shrink Font - Ctrl + <

Grow font - Ctrl + >

Format Painter - Ctrl + Shift + C

Align text left - Ctrl + L

Align Centre - Ctrl + E

Align Text Right- Ctrl +R

Help - F1

Font Size - Ctrl +Shift + P

Font Type - Ctrl + shift + F


Page Break - Ctrl + return

Hyperlink - Ctrl + K

Insert Equation - Alt + =

Insert Footnote - Alt + Ctrl +F

Insert End notes - Alt + Ctrl + D

Thesaurus - Shift + F7

Research - Alt + click

Spelling And Grammar - F7

Track Changes - Ctrl + Shift + E

Macros - Alt + F8

11. Tabs

Home

o Clipboard

o Font

o Paragraph

o Styles

o Editing

Insert

o Pages

o Tables

o Illustrations

o Links

o Header & Footer

o Text

o Symbols

Page layout

o Themes

o Page Setup

o Page Background


o Paragraph

o Arrange

References

o Table of Contents

o Footnotes

o Citations & Bibliography

o Captions

o Index

o Table of Authorities

Mailings

o Create

o Start Mail Merge

o Write & Insert Fields

o Preview Results

o Finish

Review

o Proofing

o Comments

o Tracking

o Changes

o Compare

o Protect

View

o Document Views

o Show/Hide

o Zoom

o Window

o Macros

Note:- For understanding about Tool bar and menu open MS Word in your computer.


12. Close option in file pull-down menu is used to close a file in MS word.

13. Menu Bar is usually located below the Title bar that provides categorized options.

14. Enter key should be pressed to start a new paragraph.

15. Format menu is MSWord can be used to change character size and type case.

16. By Default on Every page the header and footer is printed in MS Word.

17. Using Find command in MS Word, user can find characters, formats and symbols.

18. Selecting text means selecting a word, an entire sentence or whole document.

19. Single spacing in MS Word document causes 12 point line spacing.

20. Ctrl + X is used to cut the selected Text or picture.

21. Ctrl + J is used to justify text.

22. Ctrl + P is used to print any document.

23. The default tab stops are set at every 0.5 inch.

24. The subscript text places the text slightly below the line of the normal printed text.

25. The replace button replaces all the selected text with entered text.

26. The horizontal ruler used to set column margin.

27. Tab key is used to move the cursor.

28. Columns are used to separate the page in two or more parts vertically.

29. MS word uses Visual Basic language to create Macros.

30. A style s a collection of character and paragraph, formatting command.

31. Ctrl + A is used to select all the text in the document.

32. Ctrl + Y is used to redo the last work.

33. Ctrl + Z is used to undo the last work.

34. delete key is used to delete the character in the right of the cursor.

35. Backspace key is used to delete the character in the left of the cursor.

36. Ctrl + S is used to save a document in MS Word.

37. Bookmarks allows user to move directly to specific location in a document.

38. F9 is used to update a field in MS Word.

39. A master Document contains subdocuments , each of which contains a pointer to a file on a

disk.

40. The F12 key opens a save as dialog box.

41. Ctrl + F12 opens the Open dialog box.


42. By save Tab user can save open document in different intervals.

43. Winword.exe file starts MS word.

44. you can save a document by 3 ways in MS word.

By short cut key Ctrl + S

By Office button --> save or save as

By pressing F12

45. In Print Preview background color or effects applied on a document is not visible.

46. Section is a portion of a document in which user set certain page formatting options.

47. Borders can be applied to cell, paragraphs, text or page.

48. Margin in MS Word

1.25" is the default left margin in Word 2003 , Word 2007.

Normal margin is 1" ( " is inch).

Narrow margin is 0.5" in Top, Bottom, left, right.

Wide margin is 1" Top and Bottom and 2" left and right.

official word 2003 margin 1" Top and Bottom and 1.25" left and right.

49. Margin that is added to the binding side of page when printing is known as gutter margin.

50. From Format menu user can change the typeface of a document.

51. By pressing F8 key 3 times user can select the all text of document.

52. By pressing Ctrl + Shift + F8 , user can activate the rectangular section.

53. You can insert only 45 columns in a word document.

54. 8 is the smallest and 72 is the largest font size available in the formatting toolbar.

55. 1638 is the maximum font size that can be applied in MS word.

56. The minimum number of rows and columns in MS Word is 1 and 1.

57. Drop Caps are used in document to begin a paragraph with a large dropped initial capital letter.

58. To insert a picture in MS Word document Click on Insert--> Picture.

59. To insert clip art click on Insert --> Clip art.

60. Auto correct was originally designed to replace misspelled words as user type.

61. In word the mailing list is known as the data source.

62. Edit data source button will allow user to add, delete or change records in data source.

63. Ctrl + F9 is insert the code braces when typing word field manually.

64. Footnotes, endnotes and indexes are all inserted as word field.


65. Before moving a subdocument to another location within a master document, user must switch

to Outline view.

66. Hyperlinks can be used to navigate documents.

67. The mail merge is the ability to combine name and addresses with a standard document.

68. Track is used for monitoring all document changes.

69. The Size button is presented on Page layout tab.

70. Format painter simplifies the process of formatting text if the same formatting is required in

more than one location.

71. Drag and Drop is the best for quick copy operation.

72. Auto Text and Auto Correct are editing Tools.

73. Replace command enables user to make multiple changes in document at once.

74. Page setup dialog box is used to change the margins.

75. Shift + Enter is the shortcut key for manual line break.

76. MS word will respond in repeated word with a red wavy line under the repeated word.

77. MS Word will respond in the incorrectly spelled word with a red wavy line under the

incorrectly spelled word.

78. By double clicking on Format Painter icon user can use Format Painter multiple times.

79. The Gutter position can be set in Left & Top positions.

80. The "All Caps" feature in MS- Word changes all selected text into Capital Letter.

81. The Justify (Ctrl + J) command align the text in MS word on both margin.

82. The name of the MS Word document shows in the Title bar.

83. To select a word user click 2 times.

84. Indenting selected text in MS Word is to push the text with respect to the margin.

85. The Zoom level in MS Word is 10% - 500%.

86. When integrating Word and Excel, Word is usually the Client.

87. Header and Footer option is used to display information such as title, page number of the

document.


MS Excel

1. Excel can be an easy way to review significant amounts of data to identify particular issues or

situations.

2. Excel provides a generally universal method for sharing data and information with others.

3. Common versions:

Excel 2007 (current version)

Excel 2003 (older version, still popular)

Excel 2010 (newest version, not very popular)

4. In Excel 2007, you can open files created in Excel 95 through Excel 2003.

5. Most Common File Types:

Excel Workbook (*.xlsx). This is Excel 2007.

Excel 97‐Excel 2003 Workbook (*.xls).Use when you need to share with someone

working in a previous version of Excel.

6. Spreadsheet–Table used to store and display data. The table is arranged by rows and columns.

7. Worksheet–Single page or tab within the Excel workbook.

8. Workbook–The entire spreadsheet file.

9. Row–Horizontal array of data.

Signified by numbers –Row 1, Row 2, etc.

Maximum number of rows:

Excel 2003 –65,536

Excel 2007 –1,048,576

10. Column–Vertical array of data.

Signified by letters –Column A, Column B, etc.

Maximum number of columns:

Excel 2003 –256

Excel 2007 –16,384

11. Cell–Individual cell. Intersection of a row and a column.

Signified by a combination of the column letter and the row number.

Examples: A1, C300, BA42


12. Menus:

Office Button

Quick Access Toolbar

The Menu

Home Tab

Insert Tab

Page Layout Tab

Formula Tab

Data Tab

Help Tab

Office Button

o New

o Open

o Save/Save As

Can Select the type of file to save

o Print

Print Preview

o Recent Documents

"Pushpin" Feature

Note:- For understanding about Tool bar and menu open MS Excel in your computer.

Quick Access Toolbar

o The Quick Access Toolbar is above the menu when you first start Excel 2007. There,

commands are always visible and near at hand.

o To add a command to the Quick Access Toolbar, right click on the command and click

“Add to Quick Access Toolbar”.

The Menu

o The commands are clearly visible and readily available in on control center.

o The three parts of the menu are:

Tabs

Groups


Commands

13. Most Common short cuts:

Copy ‐Ctrl C

Cut ‐Ctrl X

Paste ‐Ctrl V

Undo ‐Ctrl Z

Save ‐Ctrl S

Select All ‐Ctrl A

Find ‐Ctrl F

Hide row- Ctrl + 9

Underline - Ctrl +U

Text Bold -Ctrl +B

Text Italic - Ctrl + I

Increase Indent - Ctrl +alt + Tab

Decrease Indent - Ctrl + alt + shift + Tab

Auto sum - alt + =

Other Shortcuts

View macros - alt + F8

New Comment - Shift + F2

Research - alt + click

Spelling - F7

Help - F1

Filter - Ctrl + Shift + L

Refresh all - Ctrl + Alt +F5

Insert Function - Shift + F3

Hyper link - Ctrl + K

Table - Ctrl + T

http://www.yuvayana.com/


Important Questions :-

14. What is the shortcut key to insert a new comment in a cell - Shift + F2

15. Which option allows you to Bold all the negative values within the selected range - Conditional

Formatting

16. What is the shortcut key to insert new sheet in current workbook - Shift + F11

17. Which one is the last column header in Excel 2007 - XFD

18. In max, how many sheets can be set as default while creating new workbook- 255

19. "New Comment" option can be found under - Review

20. In Excel, by default Numeric values appears in - Right aligned

21. To hide/show the grid lines in MS Excel 2007- Page layout -- Grid lines --View

22. In Excel may not contain in formula - Circular Reference

23. The 1st cell in MS Excel worksheet is labeled as - A1

24. What are the tabs that appear at the bottom of each workbook known as - Sheet tabs

25. The small, black square in the lower right corner of an active cell or range is represented by - Fill

hand

26. In Excel, a Data series is defined as - A collection of related data

27. the fill color button on the formatting toolbar is used for - to add shading or color to a cell

range.

28. Current Cell is the active cell in the MS Excel.

29. The active cell - is defined y a bold border around the cell and receives the data that user

enters

30. which function is used to calculate rate of return, future values and loan payment amounts -

Financial

31. Menu option can be used to split windows into two - window -> Split

32. Getting data from a cell located in a different sheet is called - Referencing

33. Invalid data type in Excel - Character

34. Concatenation of text can be done using - & ( Ampersand)

35. Formula Bar- in Excel window allows entering values and formulas.

36. by using multiple calculations can be done - Array Formula


37. Enables user to send the same letter to different persons -

38. Area, Line and Pie chart - can be created in Excel.

39. To display current date and time in MS Excel - now()

40. To display only current date in MS Excel - Today ()

41. COUNTA() function do - counts non-empty cells

42. $ specify the fixed columns or rows.

43. Excel Displays the current cell address in - Name Box

44. MS-Excel is based on - Windows

45. To return the remainder after a number is divided by a divisor in Excel - MOD()

46. to Arrange data in ascending or descending order - Data, Sort

47. Example of cell address - B23

48. Example of formula - = B1 + B2

49. Example of function - = SUM(B1:B2)

50. Formula bar displays the content of active cell.

51. The accounting style shows negative numbers in Parenthesis.

52. AutoComplete Feature of MS Excel completes text entries that match an existing entry in the

same column.

53. MAX(*:*) function will use to find the highest number in a series of number. * is cell no.

54. Shortcut to insert current date - CTRL + ;

55. A function inside another function is called - nested function.

56. Transpose function displays row data in a column or column data in a row.

57. When user insert an Excel file into a word document the data are place in a word table.

58. Macros are executed from the Tools menu.

59. freezing is the process to identify specific rows and columns so that certain columns and rows

are always visible on the screen.

60. Name box is a quick way to return to a specific area of a worksheet.

61. Data arrange in the spreadsheet in rows and columns.

62. PMT (payments) function calculates your monthly mortage payment.

63. Best Fit means that the width of a column will be increased or decreased so the widest entry will

fit.


64. Values used with a function are called Arguments.

65. When more than one arithmetic operator is involved in a formula, Excel follows an order from

left to right in a formula calculation, following the order of operations.

66. A Function takes a value or values, performs an operation, and returns a result to the cell.

67. The Formula version of a worksheet is the version that shows the actual formulas entered,

rather than the resulting values.

68. An Floating dolor is a dollar sign that appears immediately to the left of the first digit in a cell

with no spaces.

69. There are 3 sheets in a workbook.

70. Excel places a small purple triangle, called a smart tag indicator, in a cell to indicate that a smart

tag is available.

71. The Average function sums the numbers in the specified range and then divides the sum by the

number of non-zero cells in the range.

72. Save As is used to save a previously saved workbook with a new name or on a different drive.

73. Data can be arranged in ascending or descending order by using Sort command from Data

menu.

74. A Spreadsheet in excel can be zoom 10% to 400%.

75. Red triangle at the top right corner of a cell indicates a comment associated with cell.

76. By holding Ctrl key , user can select multiple non adjacent cell.

77. Important Functions:-

=now() returns the current date and time.

=day () returns the day of month

=time(hour, minute, second) converts the given numbers to Excel serial numbers, formatted

with time format.


For detail about Functions

http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/excel-help/excel-functions-by-category-

HP005204211.aspx

For Excel Practice test

http://www.yuvayana.com/2013/11/computer-practice-test-4-ms-excel/

Abbreviations

Computer Related Full forms

1 HP Hewlett Packard

2 IBM International Business Machine

3 ARPANET Advanced Research Project Agency

4 GPRS General Packet Radio Service

5 VIRUS Vital Information Resource Under Seized

6 USB Universal Serial Bus

7 URL Uniform Resource Locator

8 ISP Internet Service Provider


9 HTTP Hyper Text Transfer Protocol

10 GUI Graphical User Interface

11 DAT Digital Audio Tape

12 CRT Cathode Ray Tube

13 LCD Liquid Crystal Display

14 LED Light Emitting Diode

15 DVD Digital Versatile Disk

16 CD Compact Disk

17 WML Wireless Markup Language

18 XMF Extensible Music File

19 WBMP Wireless Bitmap image

20 SWF Shock Wave Flash

21 WAV Waveform Audio


22 PNG Portable Network Graphics

23 PDF Portable Document

24 HTML Hypertext Markup Language

25 RTS Real Time Streaming

26 AMR Adaptive Descriptor

27 MP3 MPEG player III

28 3GP 3rd Generation Project

29 GIF Graphical Interchangeable Format

30 JAD Java Application Descriptor

Telecommunication Abbreviation :-

Short Form Full Form

GSM Global system for mobile communication

CDMA Code Division Multiple access

SIM Subscriber Identity Module


2G Second Generation

3G Third Generation

4G Fourth Generation

WCDMA

Wideband Code Division Multiple Access

UMTS

Universal Mobile Telecommunications System

LTE

Long term Evolution

Wi MAX

Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access

LAN Local Area Network

WLAN Wireless Local Area Network

GPRS General Packet Radio Service

EDGE Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution

PIN Personal Identification Number

IMEI International Mobile Equipment Identity

PDA Personal Digital Assistant

RISC Reduced Instruction Set Computing

MTS Message Telecommunication


FAX Facsimile Transmission

MSC Mobile Switching Center

ISDN Integrated Service Digital Network

PDC Personal Digital Cellular

BTS Base Transceiver Station

OC Optical Carrier

Miscellaneous

1. The code for a Web page is written using Hypertext Markup language.

2. Hardware is the part of a computer that one can touch and feel.

3. The rectangular area of the screen that displays a program, data, and or information

is a window.

4. The process of a computer receiving information from a server on the internet is

known as downloading.

5. An error is known as bug.

6. IT stands for information technology.

7. A collection of related files is called record.

8. Internet is an example of connectivity.

9. Testing is the process of finding errors in software code.

10. When cutting and pasting, the item cut is temporarily stored in clipboard.

11. www.yuvayana.com is an example of website.

12. Gmail, hotmail, yahoo mail are the example of mail messenger.


13. A domain name (for instance, "example.com") is an identification string that defines

a realm of administrative autonomy, authority, or control on the Internet.

14. http://www.yuvayana.com/ is an example of URL (uniform resource locator) or web

address.

15. An Internet Protocol address (IP address) is a numerical label assigned to each

device.

16. Example :- 172.16.254.1 (for IPv4), and 2001:db8:0:1234:0:567:8:1 (for IPv6)

17. A server is a system (software and suitable computer hardware) that responds to

requests across a computer network to provide, or help to provide, a network

service.

18. When a Page not found on internet it shows error 404.

19. An assembly language is a low-level programming language for a computer.

20. Objective C,C++, Java, .net are the example of Object Oriented Programming (OOP).

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